2020年度全國(guó)職稱英語(yǔ)考試真題模擬及答案衛(wèi)生類B級(jí)

全國(guó)職稱英語(yǔ)考試真題及答案衛(wèi)生類B級(jí)

資料僅供參考

全國(guó)職稱英語(yǔ)考試真題及答案衛(wèi)生類（B級(jí)）

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（第1-15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近選項(xiàng)。

1.Ienjoyedtheplay-ithadacleverplotandveryfunnvdialogues.

A.boring

B.humorous

C.original

D.long

2.Intheprocess,thelightenergyconvertstoheatenergy.

A.reduces

B.drops

C.leaves

D.changes

3.Patriciastaredattheothergirlswithresentment.

A.doubt

B.surprise

C.love

D.anger

4.Thethiefwasfinallycapturedtwomilesawayfromthevillage.

A.killed

B.caught

C.found

D.jailed

資料僅供參考

5.Suchadatabasewouldbeextremelycostlytosetup.

A.destroy

B.transfer

C.update

D.establish

6.Ifweleavenow,weshouldmissthethetraffic.

A.avoid

B.mix

C.stop

D.direct

7.He'sspentyearscultivatinqaknowledgeofart.

A.using

B.denying

C.sharing

D.developing

8.Thetwobankshaveannouncedplanstomemenextyear.

A.close

B.sell

C.combine

D.break

9.Manycitieshaverestrictedsmokinginpublicplaces.

A.allowed

B.kept

C.limited

資料僅供參考

D.stopped

10.1wanttoprovidemyboyswithadecenteducation.

A.special

B.general

C.private

D.good

11.WhataremychancesofpromotionifIstayhere?

A.advertisement

B.replacement

C.advancement

D.retirement

12.We'veseenamarkedshiftinourapproachtothesocialissues.

A.regular

B.clear

C.quick

D.great

13.Herfatherwasaquietmanwithqracefulmanners.

A.similar

B.bad

C.polite

D.usual

14.TherewasaDrofoundsilenceafterhisremark.

A.short

B.sudden

資料僅供參考

C.deep

D.proud

15.ThedocumentwascomuilededbytheDepartmentofHealth.

A.printed

B.sent

C.written

D.attached

第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16~22題，每題1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信

息、，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。

BreastCancerDeathsRecordLow

Thenumberofwomendyingfrombreastcancerhasfallentoarecordlowby

droppingunder12,000ayearforthefirsttimesincerecordsbegan.

TheCancerResearchUKdatashowedthat11,990womendiedintheUKin.

Thepreviouslowestfigurehadbeenrecordedin1971-theyearrecords

began-afterwhichitrosesteadilyyearbyyearuntilthelate1980s.

ProfessorPeterJohnson,CancerResearchUK'schiefclinician,said,It's

incrediblyencoura-gingtoseefewerwomendyingfrombreastcancernowthan

atanytimeinthelast40years,despitebreastcancerbeingdiagnosedmore

often.

Researchhasplayedacrucialroleinthisprogressleadingtoimproved

treatmentsandbettermanagementforwomenwiththedisease.

"TheintroductionoftheNHS（國(guó)民保健制度）breastscreeningprogramhasalso

contributedaswomenaremorelikelytosurvivetheearliercancerisdiagnosed."

BreastcancerisnowthemostcommoncancerintheUKwith45,500women

everyyeardiagnosedwiththedisease-a50%risein25years.

Thenumberofdeathspeakedin1989,when15,625womendied.Itthenfell

bybetween200and400deathseachyearuntil

資料僅供參考

Therewasaslightriseinandthentwovearsoffalls.

DrSarahCant,policymanageratBreakthroughBreastCancer,said,"Itis

greatnewsthatfewerwomenaredyingfrombreastcancerandhighlightsthe

impactofimprovedtreatments,breastscreeningandawarenessofthedisease.

“However,thisisstilltoomanywomenandincidence（發(fā)生率）ofthedisease

isincreasingyearbyyear."

Therisingrateofbreastcancerdiagnosishasbeenputdowntoavarietyof

factorsincludingobesity（月巴胖）andalcoholconsumption.

16.11,990womendiedfrombreastcancerintheUKin.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

17.BreastcancerdeathsbegantoberecordedintheUKin1971.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

18.TherateofbreastcancerdiagnosisintheUKhasbeendropping.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

19.Breastcancercancomeback10yearsafteryouwerefirstdiagnosed.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

20.BreastcancerismorecommonintheUKthaninmanyothercountries.

A.Right

資料僅供參考

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

21.FewerwomendiedfrombreastcancerintheUKinthanin.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

22.Obesityandalcoholconsumptionmayalsoleadtosomeotherdiseases.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

笫3部分：概括大意與完成句子［第23~30題，每題工分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23-26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1-4段每段選擇1

個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第27-30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

Parkinson'sDisease

1Parkinson'sdiseaseaffectsthewayyoumove.Ithappenswhenthereisa

problemwithcertainnervecellsinthebrain.Normally,thesenervecellsmakean

importantchemicalcalleddopamine.Dopaminesendssignalstothepartofyour

brainthatcontrolsmovement.Itletsyourmusclesmovesmoothlyanddowhat

youwantthemtodo.WhenyouhaveParkinson's,thesenervecellsbreakdown.

Thenyounolongerhaveenoughdopamine,andyouhavetroublemovingthe

wayyouwantto.

2Nooneknowsforsurewhatmakesthesenervecellsbreakdown.But

scientistsaredoingalotofresearchtolookfortheanswer.Theyarestudying

manypossiblecauses,includingagingandpoisonsintheenvironment.

AbnormalgenesseemtoleadtoParkinson'sdiseaseinsomepeople.Butsofar,

thereisnotenoughprooftoshowthatitisalwaysinherited.

3,rremormaybethefirstsymptomyounotice.Itisoneofthemostcommon

signsofthedisease,althoughnoteveryonehasit.Moreimportantly,not

everyonewithatremorhasParkinson'sdisease.Tremoroftenstartsinjustone

armorlegoronlyononesideofthebody.Itmaybeworsewhenyouareawake

butnotmovingtheaffectedarmorleg.Itmaygetbetterwhenyoumovethe

資料僅供參考

limboryouareasleep.Intime,Parkinson'saffectsmusclesallthroughyour

body,soitcanleadtoproblemsliketroubleswallowingorconstipation.Inthe

laterstagesofthedisease,apersonwithParkinson'smayhaveafixedorblank

expression,troublespeaking,andotherproblems.Somepeoplealsohavea

decreaseinmentalskills(dementia).

4Atthistime,thereisnocureforParkinson'sdisease.Butthereareseveral

typesofmedicinesthatcancontrolthesymptomsandmakethediseaseeasierto

livewith.Youmaynotevenneedtreatmentifyoursymptomsaremild.Your

doctormaywaittoprescribemedicinesuntilyoursymptomsstarttogetinthe

wayofyourdailylife.Yourdoctorwilladjustyourmedicinesasyoursymptoms

getworse.Youmayneedtotakeseveralmedicinestogetthebestresults.

23.ParagraphI.

24.Paragraph2.

25.Paragraph3.

26.Paragraph4.

A.TipsforPatientswiththeDisease

B.CommonTreatmentfortheDisease

C.MeansofDiagnosisoftheDisease

D.TypicalSymptomsoftheDisease

E.PossibleCausesoftheDisease

F.DefinitionofParkinson'sDisease

27.You*IIfindithardtomovethewayyouwant

to.

28.Alotofresearchisbeingdonetofindout?

資料僅供參考

29.OneofthemostcommonsignsofParkinson'sis

tremor,

30.ApersonwithParkinson'shastolearntolivewiththe

disease,■

A.ifthereisn'tenoughdopaminemyourbody

B.whataffectsmusclesallthroughyourbody

C.whichcannotbecuredyet

D.ifyouhaveafixedorblankexpression

E.whichmaybethefirstsymptomyounotice

F.whatcausesParkinson'sdisease

第4部分:閱讀理解（第31~45題，每題3分洪45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題定工個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

第一篇

HumanHeartCanMakeNewCells

Solvingalongstandingmystery,scientistshavefoundthatthehumanheart

continuestogeneratenewcardiaccellsthroughoutthelifespan,althoughthe

rateofnewcellproductionslowswithage.

Thefinding,publishedintheApril3issueofScience,couldopenanewpath

forthetreatmentofheartdiseasessuchasheartfailureandheartattack,experts

say.

"Wefindthatthebeatingcellsintheheart,cardiomyocytes,arerenewed,“

saidleadresearcherDr.JonasFrisen,aprofessorofstemcellresearchatthe

KarolinskaInstituteinStockholm,Sweden."Ithaspreviouslynotbeenknown

whetherwewerelimitedtothecardiomyocyteswearebomwithoriftheycould

berenewed."hesaid.

Theprocessofrenewingthesecellschangesovertime,Frisenadded.Ina20-

year-oldzabout1percentofcardiomyocytesareexchangedeachyear,butthe

turnoverratedecreaseswithagetoonly0.45percentbyage75.

資料僅供參考

“Ifwecanunderstandhowthegenerationofnewcardiomyocytesis

regulated,itmaybepotentiallypossibletodeveloppharmaceuticalsthat

promotethisprocesstostimulateregenerationafterforexample,aheartattack,

“Frisensaid.

Thatcouldleadtotreatmentthathelpsrestoredamagedhearts.

HAlotofpeoplesufferfromchronicheartfailure/'notedco-authorDr.Ratan

Bhardwaj.

RatanBhardwaj,alsofromtheKarolinskaInstitute."Chronicheartfailure

arisesfromheartcellsdying,"hesaid.

Withthisfinding,scientistsare"openingthedoortopotentialtherapiesto

havingourselveshealourselves,"Bhardwajsaid."Maybeonecoulddevisea

pharmaceuticalagentthatwouldmakeheartcellsmakenewandmorecellsto

overcometheproblemtheyarefacing.n

Butbarriersremain.AccordingtoBhardwaj,scientistsdonotyetknowhow

toincreaseheartcellproductiontoaratethatwouldreplacecellsfasterthan

theyaredyingoff,especiallyinolderpatientswithheartfailure.Inaddition,the

numberofnewcellstheheartproduceswasestimatedusinghealthyhearts-

whethertherateofcellturnoverindiseasedheartsisthesameremains

unknown.

31.Thehumanheartstopsproducingcardiaccells

A.whenapersonbecomesold

B.assoonasapersongetssick

C.immediatelyafterapersonisborn

D.onceapersondies

32.Thefindingcouldprovetobeusefulto

A.theanalysisofcardiaccells

B.thepreventionofchronicdiseases

C.thetreatmentofheartdisease

D.thestudyoflongstandingmysteries

33.Inpeopleintheirmid-70szonly0.45percentofcardiomyocytes_.

資料僅供參考

A.arestillfunctional

B.arereducedeachyear

C.arereplacedeachyear

D.aredamagedeachyear

34.Chronicheartfailureisattributedto

A.thedyingheartcells

B.theeffectofpharmceutical

C.theweightofapatient

D.thelifespanofaperson

35.Itisnotknownyetiftherateofcellturnoverindiseasedhearts

A.ishighenoughtoreplacecellsfasterthanthey*redyingoff

B.isofanyusetoresearchers

C.isthesameasthatinhealthyhearts

D.changesovertime

第—^扁

TheIceMan

OnaSeptemberdayin1991,twoGermanswereclimbingthemountain

betweenAustriaandItaly.Highuponamountainpass,theyfoundthebodyofa

manlyingontheice.Atthatheight（10,499feet,or3,200meters）,theiceis

usuallypermanent,but1991hadbeenanespeciallywarmyear.Themountainice

hadmeltedmorethanjust.usualandsothebodyhadcometothesurface.

Itwaslyingfacedown.Theskeleton（骨架）wasinperfectcondition,exceptfor

awoundinthehead.Therewasstillskinonthebonesandtheremainsofsome

clothes.Thehandswerestillholdingthewoodenhandleofanaxandonthefeet

therewereverysimpleleatherandclothboots.Nearbywasapairofglovesmade

oftreebark（樹皮）andaholderforarrows.

Whowastheman?Howandwhenhadhedied?Everybodyhadadifferent

answertothesequestions.Somepeoplethoughtthatitwasfromthiscentury,

資料僅供參考

perhapsthebodyofasoldierwhodiedinWorldWarI,sinceseveralsoldierhad

alreadybeenfoundinthearea.ASwisswomanbelieveditmightbeherfather,

whohaddiedinthosemountainstwentyyearsbeforeandwhosebodyhadnever

beenfound.Thescientistswhorushedtolookatthebodythoughtitwas

probablymucholderzmaybeevenathousandyearsold.

Withmoderndatingtechniques,thescientistssoonlearnedthattheiceman

wasabout5,300yearsold.Borninabout3300B.C.helivedduringtheBronze

AgeinEurope.Atfirstscientiststhoughthewasprobablyahunterwhohaddied

fromanaccidentinthehighmountains.Morerecentevidence,however,tellsa

differentstory.AnewkindofX-rayshowsanarrowheadstillstuckinhis

shoulder.Itleftonlyatinyholeinhisskin,butitcausedinternaldamageand

bleeding.Healmostcertainlydiedfromthiswound,andnotfromthewoundon

thebackofhishead.Thismeansthatthewasprobablyinsomekindofbattle.It

mayhavebeenpartofalargewar,orhemayhavebeenfightingbandits.Hemay

evenhavebeenabandithimself.

Bystudyinghisclothesandtools,scientistshavealreadylearnedagreatdeal

fromtheIcemanaboutthetimeshelivedin.wemayneverknowthefullstoryof

howhedied,buthehasgivenusimportantcluestothehistoryofthosedistant

times.

36.ThebodyoftheIcemanwasfoundinthemountainsmainlybecause

A.themeltedicemadehimvisible

B.twoGermanswereclimbingthemountains

C.hewaslyingontheice

D.hewasjustonamountainpass

37.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A.TheIcemanwaskilledwhileworking.

B.TheIcemanlivedapoorlife.

C.TheIcemancouldhavediedfromthewoundinthehead.

D.TheIcemanwasstruckdeadfrombehind.

38.AllthefollowingareassumptionsoncemadeabouttheIcemanEXCEPT.

A.hewasasoldierinWorldWarI

資料僅供參考

B.hewasaSwisswoman'slong-lostfather

C.hewasbornaboutathousandyearsago

D.hecamefromItaly

39.ThescientistsmadethedeductionthattheIceman'

A.washitintheshoulderbyanarrowhead.

B.wasprobablyinsomekindofabattle

C.hadgotawoundonthebackofhishead

D.hadatinyholeinhisskincausinghisdeath

40.Thewordubanditsninparagraph4couldbebestreplacedby

A.robbers

B.soldiers

C.hunters

D.shooters

第三篇

Holdingontohopemaynotmakepatientshappierastheydealwithchronic

illnessordiseases,accordingtoanewstudybyUniversityofMichiganHealth

Systemresearchers.

"Hopeisanimportantpartofhappiness,"saidPeterA.Ubel,M.D.directorof

theU-MCenterforBehavioralandDecisionSciencesinMedicineandoneofthe

authorsofthehappilyhopelessstudy,nbutthere'sadarksideofhope.

Sometimes,ifhopemakespeopleputoffgettingonwiththeirlife,itcangetin

thewayofhappiness."

Theresultsshowedthatpeopledonotadaptwelltosituationsiftheyare

believedtobeshortterm.Ubelandhisco-authors-bothfromU-MandCarnegie

MellonUniversity-studiedpatientswhohadnewcolostomies:theircolonswere

removedandtheyhadtohavebowelmovementsinapouchthatliesoutside

theirbody.

Atthetimetheyreceivedtheircolostomy,somepatientsweretoldthatthe

colostomywasreversible-thattheywouldundergoasecondoperationto

資料僅供參考

reconnecttheirbowelsafterseveralmonths.Othersweretoldthatthecolostomy

waspermanentandthattheywouldneverhavenormalbowelfunctionagain.The

secondgroup-theonewithouthope-reportedbeinghappieroverthenextsix

monthsthanthosewithreversiblecolostomies.

"Wethinktheywerehappierbecausetheygotonwiththeirlives.They

realizedthecardstheyweredealt,andrecognizedthattheyhadnochoicebutto

playwiththosecards/*saysUbel,whoisalsoaprofessorintheDepartmentof

InternalMedicine.

"Theothergroupwaswaitingfortheircolostomytobereversed,"headded.

"Theycontrastedtheircurrentlifewiththelifetheyhopedtolead,anddidn't

makethebestoftheircurrentsituation."

"Hopefulmessagesmaynotbeinthebestinterestsofthepatientandmay

interferewiththepatient'semotionaladaptation,"Ubelsays."Idon'tthinkwe

shouldtakehopeaway.ButIthinkwehavetobecarefulaboutbuildingup

people'shopesomuchthattheyputofflivingtheirlives.11

41.Chronicallyillpatientsmaybehappier

A.iftheykeepthinkingoftheirpast

B.iftheybelievethey'llrecover

C.iftheyputoffmovingon

D.iftheymanagetogetonwiththeirlife

42.Whathadhappenedtothepatientsunderstudy?

A.Theyhadjustsurvivedanaccident.

B.Theyhadjusthadanoperation.

C.Theyhadjustinjuredtheircolons.

D.Theyhadjustmadesomepouches.

43.Onegroupofthepatientswashappierbecause

A.theymadethebestoftheircurrentsituation

B.theyweregoodatplayingcards

C.theyregainednormalbowelfunction

資料僅供參考

D.theywerepromisedanotheroperation

44.Theothergroupwasnotashappybecause.

A.theyacceptedtheircurrentsituation

B.theywereanxioustogetbetter

C.theymissedtheirpreviouslife

D.theyrefusedtoplaycards

45.Whatcouldbethemessageofthepassage?

A.Givinguphopemeansgivinguphappiness.

B.Lettinggoofhopeisattimesabetterchoice.

C.Hopeiswhatmakespeopleon.

D.Hopefrequentlygetsinthewayofhappiness.

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46~5。題，每題2分，共工。分)

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位

置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

Semco

At21zRicardoSemlerbecamebossofhisfather*sbusinessinBrazil,Semco,

whichsoldpartsforships.SemlerJuniorworkedlikeamadman,from7:30am,

untilmidnighteveryday.Oneafternoon,whiletouringafactoryinNewYork,he

collapsed.Thedoctorwhotreatedhimsaid,“

There'snothingwrongwithyou.Butifyoucontinue,likethis,you'llfinda

newhomeinourhospital."Semlergotthemessage.Hechangedthewayhe

worked.Infactzhechangedthewayshisemployeesworkedtoo.

Helethisworkerstakemoreresponsibilitysothattheywouldbetheones

worringwhenthingswentwrong.Heallowedthemtosettheirownsalaries,and

hecutallthejobshethoughtwereunnecessary,likereceptionistsand

secretaries.(46)"EveryoneatSemco,eventopmanagers,meetsguestsin

reception,doesthephotocopying,sendsfaxes,typeslettersanddialsthephone.

資料僅供參考

Hecompletelyreorganizedtheoffice:insteadofwalls,theyhaveplantsat

Semco,sobossescann'tshutthemselvesawayfromeveryoneelse(47)Asfor

uniforms,somepeoplewearsuitsandotherswearT-shirts.

Semlersays,“WehaveasalesmanagernamedRubinAgaterwhositsthere

readingthenewspaperhourafterhour.Hedoesn'tevenpretendtobebusy.But

whenaSemcopumpontheotheothersideoftheworldfailesmillionsofgallons

ofoilareabouttospillintothesea.Rubinspringsintoaction.(48)That'swhen

heearnshissalary.Noonecaresifhedoesn'tlookbusytherestofthetime.n

Semcohasflexibleworkinghours:theemployeesdecidewhentheyneedto

arriveatwork.Theemployeesalsoevaluatetheirbossestwiceayear.(49)

Itsoundsperfect,butdoesitwork?Theanswerisinthenumbers:inthelast

sixyears,

Semco'srevenueshavegonefrom$35millionto$212million.Thecompany

hasgrownfrom800employeesto3,000.Why?

Semlersaysit'sbecauseof"peerpressure".Peerpressuremakesemployees

workhardforeveryoneelse.(50)Inotherwords,RicardoSemlertreatshis

workerslikeadultsandexpectsthemtoactlikeadults.Andtheydo.

A.Ifsomoneisn'tdoinghisjobwell,theotherworkerswillnotallowthe

situationtocontinue.

B.Thissavedmoneyandbroughtmoreequalitytothecompany.

C.Andtheworkersarefreetodecoratetheirworkspaceastheywant.

D.Heknowseverythingthereistoknowaboutourpumpsandhowtofix

them.

E.Mostmanagersspendtheirtimemakingitdifficultforworkerstowork.

F.Also,Semcoletsitsworkersusethecompany'smachinersfortheirown

projects,andmakes

themtakeholidaysforatleastthirtydaysayear.

第6部分：完形填空(51~65題，每題11分，共T5分)

下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng).

Nurse!IWantMyMummy

資料僅供參考

Whenachildisillinhospital,aparent'sfirstreactionistobe(5l)them.

Mosthospitalsnowallowparentstosleep(52)withtheirchild,providinga

bedorsofaontheward.

Butuntilthe1970sthis(53)wasnotonlyfrownedupon-itwasactively

discouraged.Staffworriedthatthechildrenwere(54)whentheirparentsleft,

andsotherewasablanketban.

Aconcernednurse,PamelaHawthorn,disagreedandherstudy"Nurse!I

wantmymummy"publishedin1974,(55)thefaceofpaediatricnursing.

MartinJohnson,aprofessorofnursingattheUniversityofSalford,saidthat

theworkof(56)likePamelahadchangedthefaceofpatientcare.

"Pamela'sstudywasdoneagainstthe(57)ofalivelydebateinpaediatrics

andpsy-chologyastothedegreewomenshouldspendwithchildreninthe

outsideworldandthedegreetowhichtheyshouldbeallowedtovisitchildrenin

(58).”

."Theideawasthatifmumcameto(59)asmallchildinhospitalthechild

wouldbeupsetandinconsolableforhours.”

"Yetthenursenoticedthatifmumdidnotcomeat(60)thechildstayedina

relativelystablestatebuttheymightbedepressed."

"Ofcourseweknownowthattheyhadalmostgivenuphope(61)mumwas

evecomingback."

"Toavoidalittlebitofpaintheysaidthatno-oneshouldvisit."

"ButchildrenwerealoneanddepressedsoHawthornsaidparentsshouldbe

(62)tovisit."

"DrPeterCarter,chiefexecutiveandgeneralsecretaryoftheRoyalCollegeof

Nursing,saidher(63)hadbeenseminal."

“Herresearchputanendtothe(64)whenparentshandedtheirchildrenover

tostrangersatthedoorofthehospitalward.H

“Asaresultofherwork,parentsandcarersarenowrecognisedaspartners

mcareandareaffordedtheopportunitytostaywiththeirchildrenwhilstthey

areinhospital,(65)hasdramaticallyimprovedbothparents'andchildren's

experienceofcare.n

51.A.withB.overC.uponD.for

資料僅供參考

52.A.soundlyB.overtimeC.fortnigh