浙江省杭州市第二中學高三下學期仿真考英語試題

2020學年第二學期杭州二中高三仿真考英語試題卷第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknow?A.Traintime.B.Anaccident.C.Theweather2.Whyisthemanworried?A.Hemaybeturneddown.B.Hefailstobeamongtopfive.C.Hedoesn'tknowhowtoapply.3.Whafstherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?4.WhereistheBlueOceanRestaurant?A.BesidestheBlueSkyRestaurant.B.OppositetheBlueSkyRestaurant.C.OppositetheBlueBayRestaurant.5.Whatdoesthemandislike?A.Oldbookcases.B.Newlypaintedwall.C.Oldpaintings.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.Sheisalwayslateforwork.B.Sheispassiveaboutherwork.C.Shelikesdaydreamingverymuch.7.Whatisthewoman?A.Asalesgirl.B.Awaitress.C.Ababysitter聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthemanbringwithhim?A.Twolargebags.B.Alargebagandasmallbag.C.Onelargeandtwosmallbags.9.Whatkindofseatwillthemantake?A.Oneinthemiddle.B.Oneintheleftrow.C.Onenexttoawindow.10.Whenwilltheplantakeoff?A.At10:00.B.At10:20.C.At10:15聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whydoesthemanlikethequizshow?A.Thepresenterisfunny.B.Thequestionsareeasy.C.Hisfriendsalllikeit.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shedoesn'tthinkFrankJonesisfunny.B.Shethinksthequestionsarereallyeasy.C.Sheisbadatgeneralknowledgequestions.13.Whatkindofquestionsisthemangoodat?A.Popmusic.B.Historyandliterature.C.Mathandscience.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14Inwhichshowdidthegirlplaytheleadingrole?A.Olivia.B.Thesoundofmusic.C.Shetookoveranagency.15.Howdidthegirlprepareforherperformance?A.Shememorizedninelinesanight.B.Hermotherhelpedherwiththelines.C.Themanagementteamencouragedher.16.Whathappenedtothegirlaftertheperformance?ShemovedtoLondon.B.Shebecamelessshy.C.Shetookoveranagency.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatdotheyoungpeopleinWesternsocietythinkhighlyof?A.EarningmuchmoneyB.Enrichingtheirexperiences.C.Goingtofamousuniversities.18.Whenarestudentstakingagapyear?A.Beforegoingtouniversity.B.Whentheyare17yearsold.C.Beforeenteringhighschool.19.Whatcanstudentsbenefitfromagapyearafterschool?A.Bettersocialrelations.B.Highersalaries.C.Brightercareerchoices.20.WheredomanygapyearvolunteersteachEnglish?A.InAfrica.B.InChina.C.InThailand.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。AOneday,IvisitedashelterwithmypetrabbitSoapy.Noonesmiledagreeting,andtheyappeareduninterested.Onelittlegirlinparticularmovedlikeawisp（細絲）inthebackground.Iwastoldthatshehadbeenthereforoveramonthandhadnotspokentheentiretime.Hermothersaidshehadtalkedatonetimebutnotinrecentmemory.Ididn'twanttoimaginewhatcouldhavehappenedtorobthislittlegirlofthenaturalcuriosityandenthusiasmsonaturaltochildhood.Spreadingablanketonthefloor,IsatdownandputSoapyonit.ItoldthegroupthatSoapywouldetotalktothemiftheysatonhisblanket.Severalchildrendidthis,includingthesilentgirl.Shesatrigidlyattheedgeoftheblanket,staringhardatSoapy.Shedidn'treachouttohimorencouragehiminanyway.Rathershesattensely,juststaring.Soapycircledaroundandfinallycametoastopabouttwoinchesfromher.Hequietlyreachedoutandlaidhischinonherknee.Iwasastonished.Whileamonbehaviorfordogs,thisisnotabehaviornormallyexhibitedbyarabbit.ThegirlslowlyleanedtowardSoapy.Whenherfacewaswithininchesofhis,shecarefullyreachedoutandcircledhimwithherarms.Quietly,shepillowedherheadonhisbackandwhisperedtohim,sosoftlythatnooneintheroomcouldhear.Soapyremainedmotionless.Ilookedupandnoticedthattheshelterworkershadstoppedtalking.Everyadultintheroomfrozeinplace.Timeseemedtohavestopped.ThelittlegirlreappearedwhenIwastoleave.IheldSoapyouttoher.Shewrappedhiminabighugandpressedherfaceagainsthim.Soapylaidhisheadonthechild'sshoulder,hisbreathingslowed,andhiseyesclosed.Asthelittlegirlreleasedherhugandturnedaway,IthoughtIsawthebeginningsofafaintsmile.Therabbitinhiscloudofsoft,warmfurhadtouchedsomethingdeepinthechild.Soapy'sinnocenceandtrustappearedtokindlethoseverysamequalitiesinthelittlegirl.Itseemsthelanguageoftheheartissimpleafterall.1.Whydidn'tthelittlegirlintheshelterspeak?A.Becauseshepreferredstayingsilentandstill.B.Becauseshehadsufferedtoomuchhardexperience.C.Becauseshewasoncerobbedofherfavoriterabbit.D.Becauseshefoundpeoplethereallunwillingtogreet.2.Whydidtheauthorwritethepassage?A.Topraiseinterpersonalkindness. B.Topromotethepetindustry.C.Todrawattentiontochildren. D.Toshareamovingstory.3.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.SoapytheMagicRabbit B.AnUnforgettableSurpriseC.TheLanguageoftheHeart D.HumansandAnimals【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。庇護所里一個因為遭受巨大苦難而長期不說話的女孩和作者的寵物兔子之間產(chǎn)生了心靈上的溝通，女孩得到了心靈的安慰?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Ididn'twanttoimaginewhatcouldhavehappenedtorobthislittlegirlofthenaturalcuriosityandenthusiasmsonaturaltochildhood.”(我不愿去想象，究竟發(fā)生了什么，讓這個小女孩失去了童年時與生俱來的好奇心和熱情。)可知，庇護所里的這個小女孩不說話因為她經(jīng)歷了太多的苦難。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句到第三句“Oneday,IvisitedashelterwithmypetrabbitSoapy.Noonesmiledagreeting,andtheyappeareduninterested.Onelittlegirlinparticularmovedlikeawispinthebackground.Iwastoldthatshehadbeenthereforoveramonthandhadnotspokentheentiretime.”(有一天，我和我的寵物兔子蘇比去了一個收容所。沒有人笑著打招呼，他們似乎也不感興趣。有一個小女孩像一縷細絲一樣在后面移動。我被告知，她已經(jīng)在那里一個多月了，一直沒有說過話。)，第四段倒第二句“Quietly,shepillowedherheadonhisbackandwhisperedtohim,sosoftlythatnooneintheroomcouldhear.”(她輕輕地把頭枕在他的背上，低聲對他說著什么，聲音那么輕，屋里的人都聽不見。)，第六段第三句到最后一句“Shewrappedhiminabighugandpressedherfaceagainsthim.Soapylaidhisheadonthechild'sshoulder,hisbreathingslowed,andhiseyesclosed.Asthelittlegirlreleasedherhugandturnedaway,IthoughtIsawthebeginningsofafaintsmile.”(她緊緊抱住他，把臉貼在他身上。索比把頭靠在孩子的肩上，呼吸減緩了，眼睛也閉上了。當那個小女孩放開她的擁抱轉(zhuǎn)過身去時，我想我看到她臉上開始露出一絲微笑。)和最后一段“Therabbitinhiscloudofsoft,warmfurhadtouchedsomethingdeepinthechild.Soapy'sinnocenceandtrustappearedtokindlethoseverysamequalitiesinthelittlegirl.Itseemsthelanguageoftheheartissimpleafterall.”(這只兔子披著柔軟溫暖的皮毛，撫摸著孩子內(nèi)心深處的某種東西。索比的天真和信任似乎點燃了小女孩身上同樣的品質(zhì)。似乎心靈的語言畢竟是簡單的。)可知，作者寫這篇文章是為了分享一個感人的故事，庇護所里一個因為遭受巨大苦難而長期不說話的女孩和作者的寵物兔子之間產(chǎn)生了心靈上的溝通，女孩得到了心靈的安慰。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Itseemsthelanguageoftheheartissimpleafterall.”(似乎心靈的語言畢竟是簡單的。)可知，文章主要是講小兔子的天真和信任與小女孩之間的心靈共通。故選C。BFreeschoolmealsarebackinthenews.FootballerMarcusRashfbrd'spetition（請愿書）toextendfreeschoolmealsprovision（供給）intotheschoolholidayshascollected1.1millionsignatures,causingthegovernmenttochangepolicy.Ithasrestartedthedebateoverfreeschoolmealsbyfiguresforecastingthatifthegovernmentendsasplannedthecurrent￡20topup（附加款），another200,000childrenwillslipintopoverty.Therootsofthecurrentschoolmealssystemlieinthemid19thcentury.InManchester,independentcharitiesaswellasofficialbodiesstartedtoprovidefreemealsforchildrenlackinginnutritioninthe1870s.Wheneducationbecamepulsorylater,theextentoftheissuebecameapparent.Proponentsoffeedingstarvingchildrenpointedoutthatitwasduetogovernmentorderthatchildrenwereinschool,notworkingandcontributingtothefamilyfoodbudget,sothegovernmentshouldpay.Receptionwasmixed.Then,childrenrejectedfoodstheyweren'tusedto.Somechildrenwereputoffbrassicas（芥菜類）forlife.Findingthebalancebetweencheapandgoodprovedhard.Thechiefmedicalofficertalkedaboutthelackincalorievalueandelementsofawellbalanceddietwhichaneedychilddoesnotgetathome,suchasmilk,cheese,eggs,greenvegetables,fruitandmeat.In1980,theBritishgovernment,desperatetocutcosts,madeprovisionlargelyoptionalandabolishednutritionalstandards.Overthenext15years,convenienceandcostbecamethemostimportant.Inthelastyear,we'veseenalloftheageolddebatesrepeatedoncemore.Howdoweguaranteequality?Whodecideswhatchildreneat?Whopays?Undemutritiondoesnotjusthavephysicaleffects,butalsoaffectsbehaviorandabilitytolearn.Ithasalifelongimpact.Theargumentsaroundfreeschoolmealsseemnevertoend.Buttheyarehugelyimportantand,untilpovertyisended,theywillnotandshouldnotgoaway.4WhydidMarcusRashfbrdstartthepetition?A.Toliftchildrenoutofpoverty.B.Toraisefundforhungerreliefforchildren.C.Torestartthedebateoverfreeschoolmeals.D.Tofeedanincreasingnumberofchildreninpoverty.5.Whatcanweinferaboutschoolmealsfromparagraph3?A.Schoolmealswerebothtastyandcheap.B.TheBritishgovernmentchosenutritionovercost.CSchoolmealsfailedtomeetchildren'snutritionalneeds.D.Somechildrenlikedbrassicasprovidedintheschoolfbritsnutrition.6.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthedebatesoverfreeschoolmeals?A.Influential. B.Necessary.C.Neverending. D.Meaningless.【答案】4.D5.C6.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。免費校餐又成了新聞。足球運動員馬庫斯·拉希夫布拉德的請愿書要求學校將免費校餐延長到學校假期，目前已經(jīng)征集到110萬人的簽名，政府也因此改變了這一政策。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Ithasrestartedthedebateoverfreeschoolmealsbyfiguresforecastingthatifthegovernmentendsasplannedthecurrent￡20topup(附加款)，another200,000childrenwillslipintopoverty.”(有數(shù)據(jù)預測，如果政府按計劃終止目前的20英鎊補貼，將會有另外20萬兒童陷入貧困，這重新引發(fā)了關于免費學校餐的爭論。)可知，MarcusRashfbrd發(fā)起請愿是為了養(yǎng)活越來越多的貧困兒童。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Findingthebalancebetweencheapandgoodprovedhard.”(事實證明，在物美價廉之間找到平衡很困難。)和第四句“In1980,theBritishgovernment,desperatetocutcosts,madeprovisionlargelyoptionalandabolishednutritionalstandards.”(1980年，急于削減成本的英國政府將食品供應定為選擇性的，并廢除了營養(yǎng)標準。)可知，學校的膳食不能滿足兒童的營養(yǎng)需求。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“Theargumentsaroundfreeschoolmealsseemnevertoend.Buttheyarehugelyimportantand,untilpovertyisended,theywillnotandshouldnotgoaway.”(關于學校免費午餐的爭論似乎永遠不會結束。但它們非常重要，在貧困結束之前，它們不會也不應該消失。)可知，作者認為關于學校免費午餐的爭論是必要的。故選B。C"That'sawesome”,saidNASAastronautKjellLindgren,afterheateapieceofredlettuce（萬苣）thatwasgrowninaspecialbox."Tastesgood,"agreedUSastronautScottKelly,whoisspendingoneyearattheresearchstation."kindoflikearugula（芝麻菜），”Kellyadded,andthenusedsmallbottlestospreadoliveoilandvinegaronhisleaf,muchasonemightspreadketchuponahotdog.NASAsaysthatifspaceexplorerscangrowtheirownfoodwhiletheyareawayfromtheEarththeywouldbemorelikelytosurvivethedeepspaceexploration,whichcanlastmonthsorevenyears.WithnowaytoresupplyaspacecraftmakingalongjourneytoandfromMars,theabilitytogrowfoodduringthetripwillbekeytosurvive."Havingtheabilityforustogrowourownfoodisabigstepinthatdirection.”Kellysaid.RayWheeler,NASA'sleadscientistforadvancedlifesupportactivitiesatKennedySpaceCenterinFlorida,alsosaidfreshfoodsthatcontainantioxidants,suchastomatoes,blueberriesandredlettuce,“couldhaveapositiveimpactonpeople'smoodsandalsocouldprovidesomeprotectionagainstradiationinspace.”TheredromainelettucewasgrowninaspecialplantgrowingboxcalledaVeggieunit,andwasflowntospace.Theseedsarecontainedinrootingpillows,whichepletewithsoilandfertilizer.Sincewatercannotbepouredinspace,aspecialirrigationsystemdeliversmoisturetotheplantpillowsfrombelow.Theseedswere"activated"byKellyonJuly8andgrewfor33days.OnMonday,Lindgrenusedtongs（夾子）toharvestthelettucefromitsgrowingbox,beforeattachingtheleavescarefullytoatray.Hecleanedthemwithfoodsafebagandsharedwithotherfourmembers.Apreviouscropoflettucewasgrowninspacelastyearbutwasnoteatenbyastronauts.Instead,itunderwentandpassedfoodsafetytestsbackonEarth.7.HowdidScottpreparethespacegrownlettuce?A.Hecookeditinaspecialbox. B.Hemixeditwithsomearugula.C.Hespreadalittlebitketchuponit. D.Heputoliveoilandvinegaronit.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thatdirection”referto?A.ThejourneytoandfromMars. B.Thewaytogrowfood.C.Thebuildingofaresearchstation. D.Theabilityofflyinginspace.9.WhichofthefollowingmayRayWheeleragreeto?A.ThelettuceisagreatstepenablinghumantotraveltoMars.B.Humanswon'tbeabletoarriveatMarswithoutthelettuce.C.Tomatoesareobviouslybetterthanblueberriesinsize.D.Radiationwouldn,tbeharmfulifpeopleatesomelettuce.10.Whatisdifficultingrowinglettuceinspace?A.Thereisnoenoughgrowingarea. B.Itisveryhardtosenduptheseeds.C.Aspecialwayofwateringisneeded. D.Itdoesnotneedsoilorthefertilizer.【答案】7.D8.A9.A10.C【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。生活在國際空間站內(nèi)的字航員們?nèi)涨笆状纹穱L了他們在太空種植出來的生菜?？茖W家們把這一口舌尖上的味道看作是載人飛船前往火星及其他星球邁出的重要一步?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“andthenusedsmallbottlestospreadoliveoilandvinegaronhisleaf,muchasonemightspreadketchuponahotdog.(然后用小瓶子把橄欖油和醋撒在葉子上，就像把番茄醬撒在熱狗身上一樣)”可知，斯科特往葉子上撒了橄欖油。故選D項?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文“WithnowaytoresupplyaspacecraftmakingalongjourneytoandfromMars,theabilitytogrowfoodduringthetripwillbekeytosurvive.(由于沒有辦法為往返火星的長途飛船提供補給，在旅行中種植食物的能力將是生存的關鍵。)”結合劃線句“Havingtheabilityforustogrowourownfoodisabigstepinthatdirection.(我們有能力自己種植食物是朝著這個方向邁出的一大步)”可推斷，“那個方向”是指到來往火星的旅程。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中RayWheeler說的話“couldhaveapositiveimpactonpeople'smoodsandalsocouldprovidesomeprotectionagainstradiationinspace(可能會對人們的情緒產(chǎn)生積極的影響，也可以提供一些防止空間輻射的保護)”可推知，RayWheeler同意該蔬菜能夠?qū)θ藗兊那榫w產(chǎn)生積極的影響并且?guī)椭藗兊钟鶃碜曰鹦堑妮椛?，是使人們能夠去火星旅行的關鍵一步。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Sincewatercannotbepouredinspace,aspecialirrigationsystemdeliversmoisturetotheplantpillowsfrombelow.(由于水不能倒入空間，一個特殊的灌溉系統(tǒng)將水分從下面輸送到植物頭上。)”可推知，在太空給植物澆水是很困難的，需要一種特別的澆灌方法。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Fordecades,doctorshavewarnedpatientsthattoomuchsaltcanbebadfortheheart.Heartattackhaslongbeenconsideredagrownupproblem.____11____Eatingtoomuchsaltyfoodwhenyou'reyoungcanleadtohealthproblemslater.Saltismadeupoftwoelements:sodiumandchlorine偉內(nèi)禾口氯）.Dietaryguidelinesremendthatadultsandkidsaged913shouldn'tconsumemorethanaboutateaspoonofsodiumdaily.____12____Thisworriesdoctorsbecausetoomuchsodiumresultsinthebodyproducingmoreblood.Topumptheextrablood,thehearthastoworkharder.Thiscausesariseinbloodpressure一ameasurementofhowstressedtheheartis.Highbloodpressureoftenleadstoheartdisease.Akidwithhighbloodpressureismorelikelytobeeagrownupwithhighbloodpressure.____13____Britishresearchersrecentlyfoundthatkidswhoeatlesssaltalsodrinkfewersugarysoftdrinks.Drinkingfewerfizzy（碳酸）drinksmakeskidslesslikelytogainweight,beeobeseanddevelophighbloodpressure.____14____ArecentstudyfoundthatagrowingnumberofkidsintheUSaresufferingfromkidneystones（腎結石）.Thispainfulconditionusuallyaffectspeopleagedover40.Now,kidsasyoungasfivearegettingit.Cuttingdownonsaltcanbehard,butyoucanretrainyourselftopreferlesssaltyfood.Thebestwaytoreducetheamountofsodiumyoueatistomakechangesgradually.____15____Switchtofreshfoodsinsteadofcannedandbottledversions.Andgoeasyonthecondiments（調(diào)味品）.Youmightalsowanttostartreadingnutritionlabels.Youmaybesurprisedtolearnthatthereare1,150mgofsodiuminadoublecheeseburger,andover2,000mginmanyfrozenmeals.A.Saltisn'ttheonlycauseofdiseases.B.TheaverageAmericaneatstwicethisamount.C.Saltcanaffectmorethanjustyourheartandweight.D.Reducingsaltmightalsohelpstopchildhoodobesity.E.Butnewresearchsuggeststhatsaltisstartingtoaffectchildren.F.Startbyaddinghalfasmuchsalttoyourdinnerasyounormallydo.G.Cuttingdownonsaltnowcanloweraperson'sriskofheartdisease.【答案】11.E12.B13.D14.C15.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。新的研究表明，鹽開始影響兒童。文章介紹了過度的鹽攝入量會給兒童健康帶來的不良影響，并提出如何減少鹽攝入量的建議。【11題詳解】前文“Heartattackhaslongbeenconsideredagrownupproblem.”(心臟病一直被認為是一個成年人的問題。)和選項E中的“saltisstartingtoaffectchildren”(鹽開始影響到兒童)構成轉(zhuǎn)折關系，對應選項E中的轉(zhuǎn)折詞but，根據(jù)后文“Eatingtoomuchsaltyfoodwhenyou'reyoungcanleadtohealthproblemslater.”(當你小的時候，吃太多咸的食物會導致以后的健康問題。)可知，此處是指小時候吃太多鹽會有不好的影響，所以選項E“但新的研究表明，鹽開始影響兒童?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xE。【12題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Dietaryguidelinesremendthatadultsandkidsaged913shouldn'tconsumemorethanaboutateaspoonofsodiumdaily.”(膳食指南建議，成年人和913歲的孩子每天攝入的鈉不應該超過一茶匙。)可知，選項B中的thisamount是指一茶匙，根據(jù)后文“Thisworriesdoctorsbecausetoomuchsodiumresultsinthebodyproducingmoreblood.”(這讓醫(yī)生們很擔心，因為過量的鈉會導致身體產(chǎn)生更多的血液。)可知，人們普遍的鈉攝入量都超過了每天一茶匙，所以選項B“美國人的平均攝入量是這個的兩倍?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xB。【13題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Britishresearchersrecentlyfoundthatkidswhoeatlesssaltalsodrinkfewersugarysoftdrinks.Drinkingfewerfizzy(碳酸)drinksmakeskidslesslikelytogainweight,beeobeseanddevelophighbloodpressure.”(英國研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，少吃鹽的孩子也少喝含糖軟飲料。少喝碳酸飲料會降低孩子體重、肥胖和高血壓的可能性。)可知，此處是講減少鹽攝入量有助于阻止肥胖問題，所以選項D“減少鹽攝入量也可能有助于阻止兒童肥胖?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選D?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)后文“ArecentstudyfoundthatagrowingnumberofkidsintheUSaresufferingfromkidneystones”(最近的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國越來越多的孩子患有腎結石)可知，此處是講除了前文中提到的肥胖和心臟問題之外，還會有其它的問題。所以選項C“鹽影響的不僅僅是你的心臟和體重?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選C?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Thebestwaytoreducetheamountofsodiumyoueatistomakechangesgradually.”(減少鈉攝入量的最好方法是逐步改變。)和后文“Switchtofreshfoodsinsteadofcannedandbottledversions.”(換吃新鮮食品，而不是罐裝和瓶裝食品。)可知，此處是講如何逐步減少鈉攝入量。所以選項F“開始時，在你的晚餐中加入平常一半的鹽?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。Bobbythemountainclimberwasfamousforhisattemptstoclimbthebigsnowymountain.Hehadtrieditatleastthirtytimes,buthadalwaysfailedhalfway.Forthesakeof____16____Bobbytotryagain,OldPeeper,thetownoptician（眼鏡商），whoborewitnesstohis____17____,presentedhimwithapairof____18____sunglasses.t4Ifitstartscloudingoverorifyourfeetstarthurting,putontheseglasses.They'llhelpyou.”Bobbyacceptedthegiftwithoutgivingitmuch____19____,butwhenhisfeetstarted____20____againherememberedhiswordsandputontheglasses.Then____21____cameasusualintheformofcloudcover,butseeminglynotsothickthistime.SoBobby____22____climbing,leavingthecloudsbehind,forgettinghis____23____,andfinallyarrivingatthesummit.Itwas____24____worthit.Hisfeelingoftriumphwas____25____,almostasmagnificentasthatwonderful____26____.Themountainbelowwassurroundedbyadenseseaofclouds.Bobbydidn'trememberthecloudsbeingas____27____asthat,sohelookedmorecloselyatthesunglasses,and____28____everything.Peeperhadcarvedalight____29____onthelenses,intheformofthesnowcoveredsummit.Itwasmadeinsuchawaythatyoucouldonly____30____itifyoulookedupwards.PeeperhadunderstoodthatwheneverBobbylostsightofhis____31____,hewouldsimilarlylosesightofhisdream,andhis____32____tocontinuewouldweaken.Bobbyrealizedthattheonlyobstacletoreachingthesummithadbeenhisown____33____.Whenhecouldnolongerseethetopofthemountain,theproblems____34____.HethankedPeeperforusingthatlittle____35____tohelphimseethathisaimswerenotimpossible,andthattheywerestillthere,wheretheyhadalwaysbeen.16.A.urging B.encouraging C.educating D.requesting17.A.practice B.disadvantage C.growth D.failure18.A.special B.beautiful C.fancy D.expensive19.A.thought B.knowledge C.information D.praise20.A.breaking B.damaging C.aching D.swelling21.A.danger B.adventure C.pressure D.misfortune22.A.quitted B.kept C.acplished D.abandoned23.A.problem B.pain C.injury D.anxiety24A.normally B.practically C.certainly D.exactly25.A.inparable B.invisible C.invaluable D.inaccessible26.A.experience B.attempt C.view D.present27.A.snowy B.pure C.vague D.thick28.A.demanded B.grasped C.believed D.acknowledged29.A.image B.spot C.photo D.message30.A.move B.feel C.change D.see31.A.objective B.path C.success D.journey32.A.preference B.will C.petence D.concentration33.A.mistake B.prejudice C.ignorance D.discouragement34.A.tookoff B.cutin C.setin D.showedoff35.A.signal B.tool C.trick D.mark【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.A20.C21.D22.B23.B24.C25.A26.C27.D28.B29.A30.D31.A32.B33.D34.C35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。登山運動員博比以試圖爬上那座雪山而聞名。他至少嘗試了三十次，但總是中途失敗。為了鼓勵博比再試一次，目睹了他失敗的鎮(zhèn)上的眼鏡商老佩珀送給他一副特殊的太陽鏡。佩珀在鏡片上刻了一個光像，就是白雪覆蓋的山頂?shù)男螤?，只有向上看才能看到它。博比在這副眼鏡的幫助下終于成功爬上了山頂，他意識到到達頂峰的唯一障礙是他自己的氣餒?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了鼓勵博比再試一次，目睹了他失敗的鎮(zhèn)上的眼鏡商老佩珀送給他一副特殊的太陽鏡。敦促；鼓勵；教育；要求。根據(jù)“totryagain”和“presentedhimwithapairofsunglasses”可知，此處是指為了鼓勵博比再試一次。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了鼓勵博比再試一次，目睹了他失敗的鎮(zhèn)上的眼鏡商老佩珀送給他一副特殊的太陽鏡。練習；劣勢；增長；失敗。根據(jù)“Hehadtrieditatleastthirtytimes,buthadalwaysfailedhalfway.”(他至少嘗試了三十次，但總是中途失敗。)可知，此處是指目睹了他失敗。故選D。【18題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：為了鼓勵博比再試一次，目睹了他失敗的鎮(zhèn)上的眼鏡商老佩珀送給他一副特殊的太陽鏡。特殊的；美麗的；精致的，花俏的；昂貴的。根據(jù)“Ifitstartscloudingoverorifyourfeetstarthurting,putontheseglasses.”(如果天氣開始變陰，或者你的腳開始痛了，就戴上這副眼鏡。)可知，這是一個特殊的太陽鏡。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：博比沒有多想就收下了禮物，但當他的腳又開始疼痛時，他想起了他的話，戴上了眼鏡。思考；知識；信息；表揚。根據(jù)“butwhenhisfeetstartedachingagainherememberedhiswordsandputontheglasses”可知，此處是指博比沒有多想就收下了禮物。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：博比沒有多想就收下了禮物，但當他的腳又開始疼痛時，他想起了他的話，戴上了眼鏡。打破；傷害；疼痛；腫脹。根據(jù)“ifyourfeetstarthurting”可知，此處是指當他的腳又開始疼痛時。故選C。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，像往常一樣，烏云密布，但這次似乎沒那么厚了。危險；冒險；壓力；不幸。根據(jù)“intheformofcloudcover”可知，此處是指不幸的事情。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：于是博比繼續(xù)攀登，把云彩拋在身后，忘記了自己痛苦，最終到達了頂峰。停止；保持；完成；拋棄。根據(jù)“finallyarrivingatthesummit”可知，此處是指博比繼續(xù)攀登。keepdoing意為“繼續(xù)做某事”。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：于是博比繼續(xù)攀登，把云彩拋在身后，忘記了自己的痛苦，最終到達了頂峰。問題；痛苦；傷害，損害；焦慮。根據(jù)“hisfeetstartedachingagain”可知，此處是指忘記了自己的痛苦。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這當然值得。正常地；實際地；當然；恰好地。根據(jù)“Hisfeelingoftriumph”(他的勝利感)可知，此處是指這當然值得。故選C。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他那種勝利的感覺是無與倫比的，幾乎和那美妙的景色一樣壯麗。無與倫比的；無形的，看不見的；無價的；難達到的。根據(jù)“almostasmagnificent”可知，此處是指他那種勝利的感覺是無與倫比的。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他那種勝利的感覺是無與倫比的，幾乎和那美妙的景色一樣壯麗。經(jīng)歷；嘗試；景色；禮物。根據(jù)“Themountainbelowwassurroundedbyadenseseaofclouds.”(下面的山被濃密的云海所包圍。)可知，此處是指幾乎和那美妙的景色一樣壯麗。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：博比不記得云彩有這么厚，所以他更仔細地看了看太陽鏡，明白了一切。下雪的，多雪的；純潔的；模糊的；厚的。根據(jù)“Themountainbelowwassurroundedbyadenseseaofclouds.”可知，此處是指博比不記得云彩有這么厚。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：博比不記得云彩有這么厚，所以他更仔細地看了看太陽鏡，明白了一切。要求；理解，領悟；相信；承認。根據(jù)“Peeperhadcarvedalightimageonthelenses,intheformofthesnowcoveredsummit.”(佩珀在鏡片上刻了一個光像，就是白雪覆蓋的山頂?shù)男螤睢?可知，此處是指他明白了一切。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：佩珀在鏡片上刻了一個光像，就是白雪覆蓋的山頂?shù)男螤?。圖像；地點；照片；消息。根據(jù)“onthelenses”和“intheformofthesnowcoveredsummit”可知，佩珀在鏡片上刻了一個光像。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它的制作方式是這樣的，你只有向上看才能看到它。移動；感覺；改變；看到。根據(jù)“ifyoulookedupwards”可知，此處是指你只有向上看才能看到它。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：佩珀明白，每當博比失去了目標，他也會同樣失去夢想，他繼續(xù)下去的意志也會減弱。目標；道路；成功；旅行。根據(jù)“helphimseethathisaimswerenotimpossible”(幫助他明白他的目標不是不可能實現(xiàn)的)可知，此處是指每當博比失去了目標，他也會同樣失去夢想。故選A。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：佩珀明白，每當博比失去了目標，他也會同樣失去夢想，他繼續(xù)下去的意志也會減弱。偏愛，傾向；意志；本領；集中。根據(jù)“tocontinuewouldweaken”可知，此處是指他繼續(xù)下去的意志也會減弱。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：博比意識到到達頂峰的唯一障礙是他自己的氣餒。錯誤；偏見；無知，愚昧；氣餒。根據(jù)“hiswilltocontinuewouldweaken”可知，此處是指到達頂峰的唯一障礙是他自己的氣餒。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當他再也看不到山頂時，問題就來了。A.tookoff起飛；B.cutin插嘴；C.setin到來；D.showedoff炫耀。根據(jù)“PeeperhadunderstoodthatwheneverBobbylostsightofhisobjective,hewouldsimilarlylosesightofhisdream,andhiswilltocontinuewouldweaken.”可知，此處是指當他再也看不到山頂時，問題就來了。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他感謝佩珀用了這個小竅門，使他明白了他的目標不是不可能實現(xiàn)的，它們?nèi)匀辉谀抢?，一直都在那里。信號；工具；竅門；標記。根據(jù)“Peeperhadcarvedalightimageonthelenses,intheformofthesnowcoveredsummit.”可知，此處是指佩珀用了這個小竅門。故選C。閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnSinaWeibo,ActressMaSichun'snamehasrecentlybeentrending.Maappearedinthe____36____(five)seasonofavarietyshow,Roast.Theaudiencewasastonishedthatshewasoverweight.ShelookstotallydifferentfromherslimappearanceinYouAreMyHero,____37____(release)onMarch11,inwhichMaplaysadoctor.PeoplearewonderingwhathappenedtoMa.Inavideo,shepubliclyadmittedthatshehasbeensufferingfromdepression____38____hadn'trealizedthatitwasadisease.Sinceshewasachild,pressurefromfamilyandschoollifetaughthertobecareful.Shewasalso____39____victimofbullyinginseniorhighschool.After____40____(step)intoshowbiz(演藝圈)，Matriedtogetridofaccusationsofnepotism(裙帶關系)becauseherauntiswellknownactressJiangWenli.Foralongtime,Ma____41____(stick)inacycleofdepression.Butnow,shehaslearnedtocope.“I'velearnedhowtomakepeacewithmyselfandthepast,”MasaidinaninterviewwithGQLab."I'm____42____(true)makinganattempttobemoreopenmindedand____43____(courage)/9sheadded.StandingonthestageofRoast,Maplayedjokesaboutremarks____44____heroverweightbroughtaboutbytakingmedicine.Sheevenencouragedthosesufferingfromdepressioninthevideo.<sGotoadoctorandreceivetreatment.Onlywhen____45____(face)itcanyouacceptyourself.9,【答案】36.fifth37.released38.but39.a40.stepping41.wasstuck42.truly43.morecourageous44.on45.facing【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。演員馬思純出現(xiàn)在了綜藝節(jié)目《吐槽大會》的第五季中，她變得很胖。她承認自己長期受到抑郁癥的折磨?！?6題詳解】考查序數(shù)詞。句意：馬思純出現(xiàn)在了綜藝節(jié)目《吐槽大會》的第五季中?？蓴?shù)名詞season使用單數(shù)形式，所以此處應用序數(shù)詞。故填fifth?！?7題詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：在3月11日上映的《你是我的英雄》中，馬諾飾演一名醫(yī)生，而如今的她則完全變了樣。動詞release意為“使上映”，和謂語動詞之間沒有連詞，和邏輯主語“YouAreMyHero【38題詳解】考查連詞。句意：在一段視頻中，她公開承認自己一直受到抑郁癥的折磨，但當時并沒有意識到這是一種疾病?！皊hehasbeensufferingfromdepression”和“hadn'trealizedthatitwasadisease”構成轉(zhuǎn)折關系，且空格后沒有逗號，所以應用轉(zhuǎn)折詞but。故填but。【39題詳解】考查不定冠詞。句意：她也是高中時校園霸凌的受害者。此處第一次提到victim，所以應是泛指，用不定冠詞。故填a。【40題詳解】考查動名詞。句意：進入娛樂圈后，馬思純試圖擺脫裙帶關系的指責，因為她的姑姑是著名演員蔣雯麗。在介詞after后應用動名詞作賓語。故填stepping。【41題詳解】考查一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。句意：很長一段時間，馬思純陷入了抑郁的怪圈。根據(jù)“Butnow,shehaslearnedtocope.”(但現(xiàn)在，她學會了如何應對。)可知，陷入了抑郁的怪圈是過去的事情，應用一般過去時。bestuckin意為“陷入”，為固定搭配，所以此處stick和主語構成被動關系。主語為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填wasstuck?！?2題詳解】考查副詞。句意：我真的在嘗試變得更開明，更勇敢。修飾動詞making應用副詞。故填truly?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：我真的在嘗試變得更開明，更勇敢。根據(jù)“moreopenminded”可知，此處應用形容詞比較級作表語。形容詞courageous意為“勇敢的”。故填morecourageous?！?4題詳解】考查介詞。句意：站在《吐槽大會》的舞臺上，她拿對吃藥給自己帶來的肥胖的