2021年初中科普英語競賽輔導(dǎo)講義一

初中科普英語競賽(輔導(dǎo)講義一)科普英語競賽

=

科普知識

+

英語能力

+

應(yīng)試技巧MultipleChoice

選取填空一、

單項選取------以科普知識為基本選取題

單項選取題是初賽第二某些題型，普通為20道題，分值20分。做好單項選取填空需要掌握選取填空答題技巧，以便提高答題精確率。二、

題型特點

考點多，覆蓋面廣。在考查純語法、詞匯基本上，更增長了科普英語有關(guān)知識、特殊詞匯、特殊語境中運(yùn)用詞法、句法、慣用法考查。三、解題辦法單項選取重要還是考查考生詞匯辨認(rèn)、辨析能力（特別科普、科技詞匯掌握、辨析）、文化差別感受能力和語言運(yùn)用能力，語法上注重動詞問題和一定覆蓋面。科普英語競賽單項選取題與普通英語試題單項選取不同；其題干內(nèi)容、語境普通是科普知識；這規(guī)定咱們在答此類題目時，一方面要先理解其有關(guān)科普知識，然后再按照普通英語試題解答技巧來選取對的答案。同窗們在做選取填空時應(yīng)將全句通讀一遍，理解句意，再審查選項，將每道題要考內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分類，判斷一下屬于語法、習(xí)慣用語、詞匯還是科普知識。擬定了考點，在聯(lián)系與考點有關(guān)知識要點，對各選項進(jìn)行比較、判斷、進(jìn)而選出答案。因此，可以這樣以為：科普英語競賽=科普知識+英語能力+應(yīng)試技巧試看下例題：1．Whentheantsarefirsthatched，theyareverysmalland______.A.hopeless

B.useless

C.helpless

D.legless2．

However，theyoungwhale’s______healthcontinuedtotestYip，amarinescientistandhisfriends.A.delicious

B.delicate

C.delayed

D.dear3．Pigpoopishighinundigestedphosphorous，itleadstogreatdamagewhenit’s______manure.A.usedas

B.usedto

C.beenusedto

D.beingusedto4．Theabilityofthealligatorto______tochangingconditionshasalsohelpedtheanimalmakeabigcomeback.A.adopt

B.beadopted

C.adapt

D.beadapted5．Avoidingpredators______themostimportantreasonwhyanimalsfly.A.arereally

B.is

C.maybe

D.are6．Scientistsconcludedthatheat______killedthehornets.A.

lonely

B.alone

C.alive

D.lonesome答案：1.C

2.B

3.A

4.C

5.B

6.B在做單項選取題時,同窗們除應(yīng)具備較夯實語言基本知識和科普知識外,掌握某些解題辦法是很有必要.單項選取解題思路與辦法總匯一一、

注意同義、近義詞匯積累、辨析

作為選取填空基本考查內(nèi)容，近義詞匯或詞組積累與辨析，考得是英語學(xué)習(xí)平慣專心與工夫。例：1．Suddenlythebatteryonyourmobilephonehas______，youcan’tmakeanycallforhelp.A.

rundown

B.runafter

C.runoff

D.runoutrundown跑下、追溯、用完、瀏覽runafter追捕、追求、跟蹤、runoff逃跑、流出runout跑出、離開、完畢、被用完、放逐2．

Feelingsofpain______whensignalsfromnerveendingsintheskinaresenttothebrain.A.recordB.resourceC.resultD.rescue3．Whenaplantoranimaldies，thecarbon14inthecellsbeginsto__A.breakinB.breakthroughC.breakupD.breakdown4．

Thegovernmentpassedthelawstoprotecttheplantsandanimalsonthe______specieslist.A.

endangeredB.dangerousC.endangeringD.danger二、

直接運(yùn)用語法知識進(jìn)行選取掌握初中階段所浮現(xiàn)幾種重要時態(tài)和語態(tài)用法、構(gòu)造、與之連用狀語及各自特殊用法。重點要分清當(dāng)前完畢時、普通過去時用法。對賓語從句、狀語從句、動詞不定式、比較級別以及它們用法規(guī)則都要一一弄清晰。還要注意固定搭配、習(xí)慣用語、動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)、動詞辨析以及不同詞性詞用法。例：5.--Willyoucometothenetbarswithme?--Sorry.Mymotheralwaystellsme______there.A.notgo

B.go

C.nottogo

D.togo6.Cucumberbeetled，which，____，couldproduce33millionrootworms-aseriousagriculturalpest.A.ifallowedtolayeggs

B.ifallowingtolieeggsC.ifallowlayingeggs

D.iftoaloelyingeggs7.Allsubstancesare______verytinyparticlescalledatoms.A.madefrom

B.madeupof

C.madeby

D.madeof8.Asweallknowsoundmakesairvibrate，thus______soundwaves.A.makes

B.make

C.making

D.tomake9.Gerorge______inthiscollegeforfortyyearsbythetimeheretired.A.willwork

B.willhaveworked

C.hadworked

D.willbeworking三、注意排除思維定試干擾在學(xué)習(xí)過程中,同窗們進(jìn)行了相稱多習(xí)題練習(xí),因而對有些類型題目自然而然地產(chǎn)生思維定試.當(dāng)遇到某些已發(fā)生了變化新題目,如果不作分析而是憑老經(jīng)驗,想固然辦事,勢必導(dǎo)致錯誤.為此,必要排除思維定試干擾,以便選出對的答案.10.—Haveyouseen______pen?Ileftitherethismorning.

__Isit______blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.

a/the

B.the/the

C.the/a

D.a/a11.Shecan’thelp______thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A.toclean

B.cleaning

C.cleaned

D.beingcleaned12.TheschoolsinChinaaredifferentfrom_______.A.Americaschools

B.thatofAmerica

C.America

D.thoseinAmerica四、找出核心詞再進(jìn)行選取許多題目中均有這樣某些詞,它們對于迅速而精確地鑒定答案起著至關(guān)重要作用.咱們稱這些詞為核心詞.找到句中核心詞,也就找到理解題突破口.13.Hehardlyhurthimselfintheaccident,______?A.doesn’the

B.didn’the

C.didhe

D.doeshe五.注意分析句子成分明確句子成分,特別是選項在句子中擔(dān)任句子成分,有時對于咱們選取對的答案是很有協(xié)助.14.OnSaturdayafternoon，Mr.Greenwenttothemarket______somebananasandvisitedhiscousin.A.bought

B.buying

C.tobuy

D.buy15.______Marswouldbelikelivingonaveryhighmountain.A.Livedto

B.Livingon

C.Liveon

D.Livefor16.Whenwehangupwetclothednearafire,steamcanbeseen_____fromthem.A.rise

B.rising

C.raised

D.raise答案：1.D

2.D

3.C

4.A5.C6.A7.B

8.C9.B

10.D

11.A

12.D

13.C

14.A

15.B

16.六、注意句式變化在考查考生對基本知識掌握過程中,命題人會通過變化句子構(gòu)造方式來增長試題難度.遇到此類題材時,要沉著冷靜,仔細(xì)分析,以便選出對的答案.1.

Johnplaysfootball_____,ifnotbetterthan，David.A.

aswell

B.aswellas

C.sowell

D.sowellas2.

Ratherthan______onacrowdedbus，healwaysprefers______abicycle.A.ride/ride

B.riding/rideC.ride/toride

D.toride/riding七、選項類推法如果對題目備選答案沒有十分把握或把握很小,不妨運(yùn)用“如果A對,那么B也對”類推法,從而可將A、B予以否定.3.—Who’sthemanatthedoor?--_________.A.Heisadoctor

B.Heisafriendofmine

C.Heisafamoussinger

D.Heistwenty八、比較排除法依照題干提供休息,先把一眼就看出干擾項排除,縮小選取范疇,然后將剩余選項填入空白處進(jìn)行檢查,辨別真?zhèn)?4.

Thegirlaskedtheteacher___________.A.whatdoesthemuseumlookslikeB.whatdidthemuseumlooklikeC.whatthemuseumlooksliked

D.whatthemuseumlookedlike,5.Thereis______milkhere，buttherearequite____emptyglasses.

A.little/afew

B.few/afewC.little/alittle

D.few/little6.Peopleshouldget______ofsleepastheyneedtofeelrested.A.asmanyhours

B.asmuchhoursC.somuchhour

D.somanyhour7.MyEnglishisverypoor.I_____maths

____English.A.prefer/to

B.like/thanC.learn/than

D.have/by8.--Pleasegivemea_____whenyouarriveinBeijing.

--Allright.I’lltellyoueverythingwhenIgetthere.A.newspaper

B.ticket

C.calling

D.ring9.Frenchscientistshavefoundthatthemoonhasanotherunexpected______:itaffectsEarth’sclimate.A.insignificance

B.influence

C.instructionD.intelligence10.Seedsfromothertreescouldnotgrowbecausetherewere_____plantsontheforestfloor.A.toomany

B.toomuchC.agreatdealD.alargeamount11.Everybodyknowsthatnolivingthingscanlivewithoutairorwa