山東省煙臺(tái)市福山區(qū)高三五月校際聯(lián)考三模英語試題

姓名：姓名：準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)：.絕密★啟用前試卷類型：A2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語模擬試題本試卷共12頁，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（A）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。因筆試不考聽力，選擇題從第二部分的“閱讀”開始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開始。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔；考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。祝你成功第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AInSingapore,itseemslikeartisateveryturn.Lookcloselyandyou’lldiscovermasterpiecesinfrontofanofficebuilding,awalkway,andevenonarooftopgarden,whereeveryonecanappreciatethemupclose.Inordertofurtherpromoteart,festivalsareheldthroughouttheyear.Herearesomeofthebiggestartdrawstoe.ARTWALKWhen:JanuaryAnannualpublicartfestival,ArtwalktakesplaceintheculturallyrichneighborhoodsofLittleIndiaandKatongJooChiat.Visitorscanlearnaboutthefood,storiesandhistoryoftwoofSingapore’smostdistinctmunitiesonguidedwalkingtours.Theycanevenexperienceartandcultureupclosewithhands—onworkshopswithlocalartists,storytellersandculturalexperts.ARTSGWhen:MarchDuringthebiggestartfairinSoutheastAsia,morethan150oftheworld’sbestgallerieswillshowcasetheircollectionofmorethan1,000artists.Thefilmsectionwillfeaturepaneldiscussions,experimentalfilms,andnewfilm—makingpractices.SomegallerieswillalsopresentdigitaltechnologyartworkslikeAR,VR,andNFTs.SINGAPOREBIENNALEWhen:JulyTheSingaporeBiennaleisadynamiceventthatencouragesfolkstoseeartinanewlightthroughinteractiveinstallationsandexhibitions.Thehighlightsincludearttours,airperformances,afilminstallationandvariousexhibitions.SINGAPORENIGHTWhen:AugustDuringthispartylikenightfestival,theBrasBasahBugisbusinessstreetlightsupforthismultidimensionalartfestivalwithdiverselightinstallations.Buildingwallsprovidelargerthanlifecanvases(畫布)forshows;undergroundtunnelsarebrilliantwithlights.Artandcreativityblossomthroughapassionforexperiments.21．WhatcanvisitorsdoinARTWALK?A．Tryoutglobalcuisines.B．Joinininteractiveactivities.C．Organizewalkingtours.D．Visitmuseumsandgalleries.22．What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．FourartshowsinSingapore.C．FourartfestivalsinSingapore.B．FourplacesofinterestinSingapore.D．FourtravelroutesinSingapore.23．WhenshouldvisitorsgotoSingaporeiftheywanttoenjoylightshows?A．InJanuary.B．InMarch.C．InJuly.D．InAugust.BJo?oCarlosMartins,the80yearoldBrazilianclassicalpianist,hadlosttheabilitytoplayforalmost20yearsduetoaseriesofunfortunateeventsinhislife.Buteverythingchangedthankstoapairofspecialbionic(仿生的)gloves.Heisoneofthebestpianistsalivetoday.HehadalreadywonacontestplayingBachwhenhewasonly8yearsold.Thenatthepeakofhisskills,hecouldplay21notespersecond.However,luckwasn’talwaysonhisside.At24yearsold,hesufferedanaccidentthatcausednervedamagetohisarm,atrophying(使萎縮)threeofhisfingers.Thenwhenhewas55,anaccidentalbraininjurypletelyparalyzedhisarm.Jo?owentthrough24surgeries,butnothingcouldhelphishands,forcinghimtostopplayingthepiano,seeminglyforgood.However,Jo?odidn’tgiveuponhismusicalcareer.Hebecameaconductorin2003.Hecouldn’tturnthepagesinthescore,soinstead,hejusttriedhisbesttomemorizeeveryscore,notebynote.Hestillplayedthepianosometimes,butextremelyslow,sincehecouldplayonlyonenotepersecond.Thatmighthavebeenhislife,wereitnotforanengineerwhosawthepianistplayingliveanddecidedtoworkoutsomethingtohelphim.Afteraconcert,heapproachedJo?owiththefirstpairofspecialbionicgloves.Yet,theydidn’twork.WhentheengineerfirstshowedJo?othegloves,hejokedthattheywereforboxing,nottoplaythepiano.Butneitherofthemgaveup,andaftertestingoutseveralmodels,theperfectmatchwascreated.Theglovesprovidethenecessarysupportforeachfingerandcaneven“tune”towhatheplays.Jo?oknowsthathemightneverrecoverhisspeedofthepast.Buthe’sstartingover,asthoughhewerean8yearoldagain.Jo?osays,itcantakeyears,buthewillkeeppushing.Hewon’tgiveup.24．WhatcanwelearnaboutJo?oCarlosMartinsfromthesecondparagraph?A．Helostthreefingersduringanaccident.B．Heshowedgreattalentforthepianoasachild.C．Hewentthroughmanyhardshipstosucceed.D．Hesufferedbraininjurieswhenhewasyoung.25．WhatdidJo?odoafteraseriesofmisfortunes?A．Heaskedengineersforhelp.B．Helosthopeforhisfuturelife.C．Hepreparedtogiveuphisdream.D．Hestruggledtocontinuehiscareer.26．WhatdidJo?othinkofthefirstpairofspecialbionicgloves?A．Theyshouldbeimproved.C．Theyweretooheavytocarry.B．Theycosttoomuchmoney.D．Theycouldbringfuntohislife.27．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJo?oCarlosMartins?A．Smartandhelpful.B．Giftedandconfident.C．Determinedandpositive.D．Creativeandgenerous.CBabiesaresurroundedbyhumanlanguage,alwayslisteningandprocessing.Eventually,theyputsoundstogethertoproducea“Daddy”ora“Mama”.Butwhatstillconfusesneuroscientistsisexactlyhowthebrainworkstoputitalltogether.Tofigureitout,ateamofresearchersturnedtoafrequentstandinforbabieswhenitestolanguagelearning:thesonglearningzebrafinch.“We’veknownsongbirdslearntheirsongbyfirstformingamemoryoftheirfather’ssongoranotheradult’ssong.Thentheyusethatmemorytoguidetheirsonglearning,”saidNeuroscientistToddRoberts.“It’sbeenalongtermgoalofthefieldtofigureouthoworwhereinthebrainthismemoryis.Thistypeofimitativelearningthatbirdsdoisverysimilartothetypeoflearningthatweengageinregularly—particularlywhenwe’reyoung,weuseittoguideourspeechlearning.”Robertsandhisteamhadafeelingthattheinterface(交叉區(qū)域)betweensensoryareasandmotorareasinthebrainwascriticalforthisprocess,andtheyfocusedonagroupofbraincellscalledtheNIf.“Inordertoprovethatwecouldidentifythesecircuits,wethoughtifwecouldimplantafalsememory.”First,theyusedavirustocausetheneurons(神經(jīng)元)inthebirds’NIftobeesensitivetolight.Then,usingatinyelectrodeasaflashlight,theyactivatedtheneurons.Thelengthofeachpulseoflightcorrespondedwiththeamountoftimetheneuronswouldfire.Andthebirds’brainsinterpretedthattimeperiodasthelengthofeachnote.Soonenough,thebirdsbegantopracticethenotestheyhadlearned,eventhoughtheyneverreallyheardthesounds.Amazingly,thebirdsproducedtheminthecorrectsocialsituations.Theresearcherssaythisisthefirsttimeanybodyhasfoundexactlyapartofthebrainnecessaryforgeneratingthesortsofmemoriesneededtocopysounds.“Thislineofresearchisgoingtohelpusidentifywhereinthebrainweencodememoriesofrelevantsocialexperiencesthatweusetoguidelearning.Weknowthatthereareseveralneurodevelopmentaldisordersinpeoplethathavereallyfarreachingeffectsonthistypeoflearning.”28．Thezebrafinchisresearchedbecauseitssonglearningmode.A．decideswhetheritwillsingsongsB．helpsittosay“Daddy”or“Mama”C．islikethewaybabieslearnspeechD．reflectsitstalentforimitatingitsfather’ssong29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A．Theinterfaceinthebrain.B．Guidancefromadults.C．Imitativelearningtypelikebirds’.D．Thewayofregularlearning.30．WhatcanwelearnfromtheresearchledbyRoberts?A．Scientistsactivatedsomeneuronsbyusinganelectrode.B．Abirdonlysingswhatitheardbefore.C．Thebrainproducestinyelectrodes.D．Birdsaresensitivetolight.31．WhatdotheRoberts’teamexpectofthislineofresearch?A．Achangeinourwayoflisteningandprocessing.B．Achancetohaverelevantsocialexperiences.C．Abetterknowledgeofthesecretsoflearning.D．Identificationofneurodevelopmentaldisorders.DWhatwillhighereducationlooklikein2050?ThatwasthequestionaddressedTuesdaynightbyMichaelCrow,presidentofArizonaStateUniversity.“We’reattheendofthefourthwaveofchangeinhighereducation,”Crowbegan,arguingthatresearchuniversitiesfollowedtheinitialestablishmentofhighereducation,publiccolleges,andlandgrantschoolsinthetimelineofAmerica.Inlessthanahalfcentury,hesaid,globalmarketpetitionwillbeatitsfastestratesofchangeever,withseveralmultitrilliondollareconomiesworldwide.Accordingtoarecentprojection,thenation’spopulationcouldreach435million,withalargepercentageofthoseresidentseconomicallydisadvantaged.Inaddition,climatechangewillbe“meaningfullyuncontrollable”inmanypartsoftheworld.Theeverydaytrendsseentoday,suchasdecliningperformanceofstudentsatalllevels,particularlyinmathandscience,anddecliningwagesandemploymentamongthelesseducated,willonlycontinue,Crowmaintained,andare,tosaytheleast,notcontributingtofulfillingthedreamofclimbingthesocialladdermobility,qualityoflife,sustainableenvironment,andlongerlifespansthatmostAmericansshare.“Howisitthatwecanhavethesegreatresearchuniversitiesandhavenegativetrendingoutes?”Crowsaidinatalk“Iholdtheuniversitiesaccountable.…Wearepartoftheproblem.”Amongthe“thingsthatwedothatmakethethingsthatweteachlesslearnable,”Crowsaid,arethestrictseparationofdisciplines,academicrigidity,andconservatism,thedesireofuniversitiestoimitateschoolsatthetopofthesocialranks,andthelackoftheputersystemabilitythatwouldallowalargenumberofstudentstobeeducatedforasmallamountofmoney.Since2002,whenCrowstartedbeinginchargeatArizonaState—whichhecallsthe“newAmericanuniversity”—hehasledmorethanthreedozeninitiativesthataimtomaketheschool“inclusive,scalable,fast,adaptive,challengefocused,andwillingtotakerisks.”Amongthoseinitiativeswerearestructuringoftheengineeringandlifesciencesschoolstocreatemorelinkagesbetweendisciplines;thelaunchoftheSchoolofEarthandSpaceExplorationandtheSchoolofSustainability;thestartofaTeachersCollegetoaddressK12performanceandincreasethestatusoftheEducationDepartmentattheuniversity;andbroadenedaccess,increasingthefreshmanclasssizeby42percentandtheenrollmentofstudentslivingbelowthepovertylineby500percent.Universitiesmuststart,Crownoted,“bybeingselfreflectivearchitects,figuringoutwhatwehaveandwhatweactuallyneedinsteadofwhatlegendtellsuswehavetobe.”Researchuniversitiestodayhave“runtheircourse,”headded.“Nowisthetimeforvariety.”Duringadiscussionafterward,Crowclarifiedandexpandedonsomeofhispoints.Hediscussed,forexample,theschool’sdistancelearningprogram.“Nearly40percentofundergraduatesaretakingatleastonecourseonline,”hesaid,whichhelpstheschooltokeepcostsdownwhileadvancinginteractivelearningtechnologies.HesaidthatArizonaStateisworkingtoincreasethetransferandpletionratesofmunitycollegestudents,ofwhomonlyabout15percent,historically,pletetheirlaterdegrees.“We’vebuiltasystemthatwillallowthemtotrackintouniversities,”particularlywhere“culturallyplexbarriers”beyondfinanceslimiteventhemostgiftedstudents.32．ThefourthwaveofchangeinAmerica’shighereducationrefersto.A．publiccollegesB．landgrantschoolsC．initialhighereducationD．researchuniversities33．WhichisNOTpartoftheAmericandreammostpeopleshare?A．Peopleenjoyaqualitylife.B．Peoplelivelongerandlonger.C．Thefreedomtomovearound.D．Anenvironmentthatissustainable.34．WhichisaninitiativeadoptedbyCrowatArizonaStateUniversity?A．RestructuringtheteachersCollege.B．LaunchingtheSchoolofLifeSciences.C．Ignoringthelinkagesbetweendisciplines.D．Enrollingmorestudentsfrompoorfamilies.35．Withthedistancelearningprogram,ArizonaStateUniversityisableto.A．enroll40%ofitsstudentsonlineB．provideanevengreaternumberofcoursesC．a(chǎn)ttractthemostgiftedstudentsallovertheworldD．keepcostsdownwithoutalossofquality第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)是多余的。Peoplerefertoneverforgettinghowtorideabikeorthrowabaseballasexamplesof“musclememory”,theresultofamotorlearning.1Itisaphenomenonthatpreviouslytrainedmusclesacquirestrengthafteraperiodofdisuse.Previousresearchhasshownthatthechangesactuallypersistinthemusclesthemselves.Inonestudyofmice,theresultssuggestthatafternucleiinmusclecellsmultiplyinresponsetoanoverloadoftraining,thoseextranucleiaren’tlostduringsubsequentperiodsofinactivity.Onceyouhavegotadditionalnuclei,youarebankingthecapacity.2Infact,arecentstudyrevealedthatlessthaneightweeksofretrainingwereneededtoreachtheposttraininglevel.Buthowquicklyyouregainyourformerfitnessdependsonhowfityouwereinitially,howlongthelayoffwas,howoldyouareandhowlongyou’dbeenexercising.3Itmeansyoustillhaveadistinctadvantagewhenitestoregainingyourformerleveloffitness.Andtheprincipleappliestobothresistancetrainingandendurancetraining.Thebestwaytoregainyourmusclememoryistostartatalevelbelowwhatyouwereaccustomedtodoing,andthengraduallyincreaseintermsofduration,frequency,thenintensity.45Youwillneverknowhowmuchmusclememoryyoumayhaveuntilyoustarttrainingagain.A．Thebestwaytotapintoitisto“getbackonthehorse”.B．Physiologists,ontheotherhand,defineitinadifferentway.C．Thisconvincestheresearchersthatmusclememorymaynotbelonglasting.D．Thatistosay,wecandothesportsautomaticallywithoutconsciousthought.E．Itisgenerallysafetoincreasetheseelementsby5percenteveryweekortwo.F．Itisevidentthatthemoreyouexercise,themoremusclememorysavingsyouwillhave.G．Allthisnewsaboutmusclememoryisencouragingforthosewhofelloffthefitnessscheme.第三部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whatdoyouknowaboutfashion?Thefashionindustry,whichhasbeeoneofthemost41totheplanet,ishavingamomentofpunishment.Butwhichchangesmakeadifference,andwhichonesjust42inthewash?Infact,thefashionindustryissecondonlytotheoilindustry,themostenvironmentallyunfriendlyindustry.Afriendofmine43anantiqueclothesstoreinthenorthofLondon.Businesshasbeengoodformanyyears,whichmakesheracquirealargefortune.Everyfewweeks,shevisitsavaststorehouseontheedgeofthecitytogothroughpilesofclothing.Mostofitis44,butifyouknowwhatyouarelookingfor,therearerawdiamonds.Thestorehousehasalonghistory.Itwasonceaclearinghouseforthelowqualitywoolscraps(碎料)thatwereusedtomakecheapclothingforthe45inVictorianBritain.Acenturyon,46haschanged.Nowadays,itisfullofmoderndayinferiorproducts,all47cheapclothingmadeforthemassesaroundtheworld.Exceptthatthisstuffisgoingtobeburnedorburied,notbeingreused.Theitemsaretheproductsofanindustrythat,inthepast30years,hasbeeoneofthemostsuccessfulandalsomost48ontheplanet.Knownasfastfashion,ithasfilledourwardrobes(衣柜)withcheapandcheerfulclothes.Butafterthreedecadesofcontinuousgrowth,themodelisin49withfundamentalenvironmentallimitsandthereiswidespreadagreement–evenfromwithintheindustry–thatitistimeto50.Otherwise,“Fastfashion”createsamountainofunsellable,cheapclothingthatendsupinaterribleplace.“Thefashionindustryrepresentsakeyenvironmental51,”saysKirsiNiinim?kiatAaltoUniversityinEspoo,Finland.“Eventually,thelongtermstabilityofthefashionindustry52thetotalabandonmentofthefastfashionmodel.”Likefastfood,fastfashionisallaboutinstant53onthecheap.Onewonders:Whatcanwedoaboutit?Don’tyouhaveanyclotheson?It’snotthat54.Moreimportantly,don’twaste,learntocontrolyourdesiresand55fallingintothis“Fastfashion”lifestyle.AstheguardiancolumnistLucySeagaloncesaid,the“Fastfashion”industryisprofitdriven,butconsumerswhohaveexperienced“overconsumption”willnaturallygrowtiredofit,andthemarketwillhaveitschoice.41.A．convincingB．interestingC．confusingD．damaging42.A．carryoutB．eoutC．setoutD．breakout43.A．buildsB．runsC．supportsD．controls44.A．expensiveB．useless C．worthlessD．a(chǎn)ttractive45.A．businessmen B．childrenC．localsD．masses46.A．little B．few C．muchD．many47.A．onbehalfofB．intheformofC．forthesakeofD．intermsof48.A．effectiveB．destructiveC．preventiveD．a(chǎn)lternative49.A．quarrelB．a(chǎn)rgumentC．fightD．conflict50.A．tellthetruthB．hitthebreaksC．pavethewayD．breaktheice51.A．threatB．effectC．problemD．protection52.A．resultsfromB．consistsofC．bringsaboutD．relieson53.A．a(chǎn)mbitionB．a(chǎn)ctionC．satisfactionD．a(chǎn)ttraction54.A．farB．extremeC．badD．plex55.A．enjoyB．imagineC．missD．a(chǎn)void第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。YinetFerrer,thefirstprizewinnerof2022’sFifthInternationalClassicalChinesePoetryRecitationContestinCuba,saidshehasbeeninspiredbyChinesepoetry.BypresentingBuSuanZiYongMeiorOdetothePlumBlossominEnglish,56famouspoem,Ferrerwonherentrance57theonlinecontestandkeptcontestingtillthefinal.“EventhoughI58(offer)manyawardsinmystudentlife,noneofthemmakesmeprouderthanthisone,”saidFerrer.“Thispoemsendsaverystrongmessageofbeingoptimisticandfaithfulinlife59(overe)difficulties,nomatterwhatthecircumstances.”ShebeganstudyingChinesein2015,60(attend)acourseattheHouseofChineseArtsandTraditionsinHavana’sChinatown.ShesaidChinesepoetrycould61(lock)vastknowledgeaboutChina’srichcultureanditsworkethics(道德).ThestudyoftheChineselanguageandculturehasbeenmoreandmorepopularinoverthepastfewyears,thankstotheworkof62(institution)suchastheConfuciusInstitute,63hasseenthousandsofstudentsgraduatesinceitsfoundingin2009.“Chinesepoemsconveysthe64(beautiful)ofourlanguage,whichcreatesan65(effect)andimportantplatformtopromoteourvalues,principle