英語語音實(shí)踐音標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)省公開課一等獎(jiǎng)全國示范課微課金獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

英語語音實(shí)踐訓(xùn)練1/113音素和國際音標(biāo)

1．什么是音素：音素是語音最小單位。2．音素分類：元音和輔音。3．音素個(gè)數(shù)：共48個(gè)，元音音素20個(gè)，輔音音素28個(gè)。4．什么是音標(biāo)：統(tǒng)計(jì)音素符號(hào)叫做音標(biāo)。5．什么是國際音標(biāo)：國際音標(biāo)是由國際語音協(xié)會(huì)要求一套音標(biāo)，用來

統(tǒng)計(jì)世界各主要語言語音。7.開音節(jié)：a)輔音+元音+輔音+e:name,bike,home,due,

plane,shineb)輔音+元音:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello8.閉音節(jié)：a)輔音+元音+輔音:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,mapb)元音+輔音:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant9.重讀音節(jié)：單詞中發(fā)音尤其響亮音節(jié)。2/113元音和輔音定義：發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶振動(dòng)，呼出氣流經(jīng)過口腔時(shí)不受妨礙，這么形成語音稱為元音。不論聲帶振動(dòng)是否，發(fā)音時(shí)呼出氣流經(jīng)過口腔或鼻腔時(shí)受到一定妨礙，這么形成語音稱為輔音。發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶不振動(dòng)輔音稱為清輔音。發(fā)音聲帶振動(dòng)輔音稱為濁輔音。3/113元音12個(gè)單元音長元音[a:][?:][i:][?:][u:]短元音[Λ][?][i][?][u][?][e]8個(gè)雙元音[ai]

[ei][?i][i?][e?][u?][au][?u]輔音10對(duì)清輔音[p][t][k][f][s][∫][t∫][tr][θ][ts]濁輔音[b]

[d][g][v][z][3][d3][dr][e][dz]3個(gè)鼻音[m][n][η]3個(gè)似拼音[h][r][l]2個(gè)半元音[w][j]4/1135/113元音[i:][I][?:][?]學(xué)習(xí)6/113[i:]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合e:mebesheheweeveningee:sweetbeesweepsheepseesleepthreegreenea:meatleafseapeateacheatclean朗誦：threeweeksgreenteakeepitasecretteamleaderSwedishcheeseeatapieceofmeat7/113abigshipsixsticksbitbybitasilverlidthreewisheslittlebylittle[i]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合i:pigfishinfifteensixshipthine:beginbehindjacketbasketbally:happyheavybusylorrycarrysunnylovelystudythirstytwentythirtywindyrainyey:monkeymoney朗誦：8/113Tonguetwister:---Doesitfit?---Yes,itfits,butitisn’tverypretty.---Thispinkoneisverypretty.---Butit’sabittoobig.---Well,thissilkoneisn’tbig.---No,butit’sabitfrilly.9/113Ineednotyourneedles,they'reneedlesstome;

Forkneadingofnoodles,'twereneedless,yousee;

Butdidmyneatknickersbutneedtobekneed,

Ithenshouldhaveneedofyourneedlesindeed.10/113Dialogue：---Yourfeetareinterriblecondition.Theyneedtreatment.---Iagree,Doctor.Myfeetdoneedtreatment.---Thetreatmentforthefeetis—toeatlotsofvegetables,butnomeatforatleastaweek.---Nomeat,Doctor?---Irepeat.Youmustnoteatmeatforatleastaweek.---ButIdoeatgreenvegetables,Doctor.AndIdon’teatmeatatall.---Thenyoudon’tseemtoneedanytreatment.---ButDoctor,myfeet!---Nextpatient,please.11/113Comparison:

Sheep—shipPitch—peachHeat—hitLeave—liveHeal—hillPeach—pitchSleep—slipFeel—fillSee—sick12/113[?:]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合er:herservetermir:birdgirlskirtfirstdirtyskirtshirtur:nurseThursdayturtlepurplecurtainear:earlylearnor:wordworkworld朗誦：thegirl’scurlsthefirsttermthethirdworldtheearlybirdthirtyshirtsandskirtsafirmnurse13/113朗誦：Theworkersworkedinthedirtyworkshop.Iurgedthethirstynursetodrinkfirst.Igavehersomepearlsforherthirty-firstbirthday.TheGermanpreferafurcaptoaleatherone.14/113[?]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合ure:pictureer:teacherbrotherdinnerfathersisterar:sugaror:doctora:pandaaboutabovecamerasofaChina朗誦：

aroundacornerbetterandbetteroverandoveragainabouttheworkeracceptamembersoonerorlater15/113音標(biāo)[?:][?][u:][u]學(xué)習(xí)16/113

[?:]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合a:wateraw:drawstrawberryal:ballwallor:horsecornforkorshortoor:floordoor朗誦：morescoreshortstorieswalkacrossthelawnmorningnewsreportfortyhorsesputmoresalt17/113朗誦：Yourfourdaughtersareallverytall.Thereportergaveanimportanttalkintheauditorium.Yououghttodowhatthedoctorordered.Thetallestofthefouriswalkingtothedoor.比較：cork—cockshort—shotchalk—chockcord—cod18/113[?]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合o:foxcoffeedogshopdogdoctorlonga:watch朗誦：clocksandwatchescottonsocksborrowanovelwashthemopcostalotwatchthatsmallfox19/113Listenandmakeachoice:Didyoubuya(cart,cat)?Helikesher(form,farm).The(clerk,clock)isslow.It’sagoodcoat,butIdon’tlikethe(color,collar).Shewantedtofinda(potter,porter).Themanwas(shot,short).20/113朗誦：Johnhasgotapotofhotwater.Lotsandlotsofclocksandwatcheshasgonewrong.Therobber’snameisRobert.Hewalkedacrossthetopofthehillandstoppedatacottage.21/113[u:]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

o:dowhowhoseoo:foodmoontooui:fruitjuiceu:rulerrude朗誦：foodandsoupbluebootschooseagoodschoolatnooninJunestoopbyacoolpoolusefultools22/113[u]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合o:womanwolfoo:lookgoodbookfootwoodu:bullbullet朗誦：lookforthecookpushasidethebutcheragood-lookingwomantookthebookcookthesoupputthesugarinthebottle23/113朗誦：Thecooktooksomesugarandputitinthefood.Hetookabooktothewoodandhadagoodlookatit.Thewomancouldn’tpushthecartfullofwood.Theyshookhandsandstoodtalkingforawhile.24/113比較：Luke—lookFool—fullPool—pullWooed—woodcooed—couldstool—stoodShoot—should朗誦：AtnoonItookabook.Andsatbythepoolinthewood.Andputmyfootinthepool.Oh,howcool!

25/113音標(biāo)[a:][Λ][?][e]練習(xí)26/113[a:]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合a:grassglassclassplantdancefastfatherlastar:carstararmMarchgardendarkscarfau:laughauntear:heart27/113afastcarastarvedartistalaughstarastarryMarchnighthalfpastninealargegarden朗誦：28/113Thedancingpartystoppedathalfpastfive.Arthurdidn’tpasstheartexam.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.Alargearmymarchedpastthegrassland.朗誦：29/113[Λ]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合o:soncomecolourlovemoneyu:sunnutjumpgumbusbrushsupperusou:touchcousincountry朗誦：muchloveacupandsomenutsjustonceawonderfulsunsetbloodforbloodafunnycover30/113朗誦：Hurryup.Thebusiscoming.Hetoldthefunnystoryjustforfun.Ilovebunsandbutterforsupper.Look,thesunhascomeup.比較：Hut—heartluck—larkDuck—darkmuch—marchCome—calmcup—carpBun—barncut—cart31/113[?]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合a:dadcapcatbadapplebagflaghandrabbitantblackfathasstandratmap朗誦：ahappymancapsandhatshandinhandasadladbagsandsagstitfortat32/113[e]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合e:eggbelldesklegpettenpenea:breadheadbreakfast朗誦：sevenbedsthenextlessonfreshandenergetictendesksthebesttextwetwithsweat33/113朗誦：PeterPiperpickedapeckofpickledpeppers.DidPeterPiperpickapeckofpickledpeppers?IfPeterPiperpickedapeckofpickledpeppers,Where'sthepeckofpickledpeppersPeterPiperpicked?34/113Comparison:Man—men

ten—tanBeck—backset—satBeg—bagsaid—sadLess—lassguess—gas35/113Story-telling:TheSackOnedayamanwentofftothemarkettobuyrice.Unfortunately,helostthesackontheway.Hewenthomeandtoldhiswife,“Themarketistoobusytoday,andbesidesIlostmysack.”Hiswifeaskednervously,“So,whataboutthemoney?”“Oh,noproblem.It’ssafe.Ihavetiedittothebottomofthesack.”36/113元音音標(biāo)[ei][ai][?i][au]練習(xí)37/113[ei]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

a:cakemakenamegamesnakegatelazyai:raintrainwaitay:dayMayplaytodayway朗誦：MayDayLaborDay Nopains,nogains.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinonlyoneday.38/113對(duì)話：A:Oh,mayIstay,Mummy?PleasesayIcanstayallday.B:Yes,iftheysayyoumay.A:They’vegotlotsofplacestoplay,andthey’ve…B:Wait,Jane!A:I’lltakemypaintingbook,andsomeofmygames.B:Waittilltheysayyoumay.39/113[ai]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合i:kitebikenicetigerwriteknifey:bycryflymyskytrywhyie:tiepieuy:buy朗誦：eyewhy highdieskyfindbuytimetie40/113對(duì)話：A:AreyouseeingMiketonight?B:Yes.Hehasanewmotorcycle.A:DidMikeletyourideit?B:Yes.Itriedit.AndIlikeit.A:Weren’tyoufrightened?B:Sure.ButIstilllikeit.41/113[?i]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

oi:oilboilcoinoy:boytoy朗誦：toiletpaper joyfulboys makeachoiceTheboywasannoyedbecausehistoywasdestroyed.42/113[au]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

ou:housemousemouthtrousersow:flowercowhownowdown朗誦：outoftown aloudsoundthousandsofflowersdowntownabrownhouse cowsandfowls43/113朗誦：Openyourmouthandpronouncethesoundloudly.Thecrowdgatheredaroundthehouseandshoutedslogans.Hefoundouthowthefieldswereploughed.44/113[?u]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

o:noserosepoenoveroa:boatcoatsoapgoatow:showwindowsnowbowl

朗誦：anoldovercoat cokeinthestove gohomegotothegrocerystoresocold agoldbowl

45/113朗誦：A:I’mgoingtothepost-office.AnythingIcandoforyou,Rose?B:Tothepost-office?Canyougetmesomepost-cards?A:ok.Howmanypost-cardsdoyouwant?B:ten,please.Bytheway,I’mgoingtothegrocerystore.CanIgetyousomething?A:yes.Couldyougetmesomepotatoesandtomatoes?B:that’seasy.I’dbettergonow.thegroceryclosesat5.46/113[i?]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

ear:earhearteareer:deerbeer朗誦：aqueeridea cheerfultears fromeartoeararealhero fearfulsneers nearthetheatre

47/113朗誦：Wefearwecan’thearhimclearlyashehassuchabigbeard.Heisseriousandfierce,butsincere.Mydearbrotherwillcomehomeneartheendoftheyear.48/113[e?]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

air:hairchairpairear:pearbearwear朗誦：ascaredhare sharethepear afairinthesquareacarelessmayor repairthechair abearonthechair49/113朗誦：Hestaredatthemayorwhowassittingonamare.There’sscarcelyachairtherethatstandswearandtear.Hetakesspecialcareofhishair.50/113[u?]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

oor:poorour:tourure:surepure朗誦：apoordoer thefuriousjury poorerandpoorerapurejewel thecurioustourist fewerandfewer51/113朗誦：ThedoctorfromEuropesaidthatthepatientwouldsurelybecured.Thereisaduelgoingonbetweenthefuriousjewelers.I’msurethat’spuregold.52/113對(duì)話：A:Whereareyou,mydear?B:I’mhere,dear.A:Comenear,dear.Icanonlyhearyou,butIcan’tseeyou.B:Well,I’mhere,sittinginachairdrinkingbeer.It’snicebeer,dear.Whydon’tyoucomehereandhaveaglassofbeer?A:Oh,dear.Beer,beer,beer,Ihatebeer.53/113對(duì)話：A:Let’sgothere,Cary.B:No,Idon’twanttogothere.A:Whynot,Cary?B:I’mafraidofthebearsonthestairs.A:They’reallplasticbearsfullofair.54/113Let’splaygames!55/113a.Rhyminggame:Rhymingwordsarewordsthatendwiththesamesound.e.g.shoe/newabout/shout56/113b.LipreadingSayaword/ashortsentencesilentlytotheonenexttoyou.Passitontothelastoneinyourgroup.Seeifyourpartnerreadsyourlipsornot.57/113c.Pronunciationpeercorrection58/113I

didn’tsayweshouldkillhim.

I

didn’t

sayweshouldkillhim.Ididn’t

say

weshouldkillhim.Ididn’tsay

we

shouldkillhim.Ididn’tsaywe

should

killhim.Ididn’tsayweshould

kill

him.Ididn’tsayweshouldkill

him.d.Readandexplain59/113輔音爆破音：[p][t][k][b][d][g]摩擦音：[f][v][s][z][θ][e]破擦音：[tr][dr][ts][dz][t∫][t3]鼻輔音：[m][n][η]舌側(cè)音：1）出現(xiàn)在元音之前叫作清楚舌邊音2）出現(xiàn)在輔音及單詞末尾時(shí)叫作含糊舌邊音半元音：擦音中氣流較弱，摩擦較小，介于元音跟輔音之間音

[w][j][3][∫]

[h][r]60/113輔音音標(biāo)[p][b][t][d]練習(xí)61/113[p]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

p:pianopandaparrotpetshipsheeppigstoppp:applehappy[b]

發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

b:bookballbirdbigboybagbananabb:rubberrabbitcabbage

62/113比較：pear/bear pull/bullpark/bark rip/rib cap/cab cup/cubhappy/shabby simple/symbolpie/buy朗誦：Peterispickingplumsandapples.BarkerandParkerbumpedintoeachotherinapark.BasketballisapopularsportinChina.63/113[t]

發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

t:tableteataxicatratfatticketTt:buttermatter[d]

發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

d:duckseeddoordeskdayredheadbedreadcolded:smiledopenedplayed64/113比較：tear/dare tear/dearseat/seed bet/bed hat/had writer/riderputting/pudding center/sender朗誦：Thetimidratisscaredtodeath.Thecartgotstuckinthemud.Don’twastetimechattingalldaylong.65/113輔音音標(biāo)[k][g][s][z]學(xué)習(xí)66/113[k]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合c:capcookcupcarcanclassk:cookmilkkeydeskkitecakeck:clocksockcockneck[g]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合g:glassgolfgetgirlbaggoatflaggg:egg67/113比較：card/guard curl/girl cave/gaveback/bagdock/dog pick/pigankle/angle ticking/digging朗誦：Allthatglittersisnotgold.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.Takecareofthepenceandthepoundswilltakecareofthemselves.68/113聽辨失去爆破：1.Stopdoingthat.2.Seeyouaboutfour,then.3.SometimesImakemistakesinspelling.4.Ican’tunderstandthisword.5.Idon’tthinkmyhusbandwouldletmedothat.69/113[s]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合s:starsunsnakeseaseec:pencilcitycedarceilingcelebrate

ss:grassglassclassbossce:faceracericenice[z]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合zssez:zerozebrazoos:bagsphotossistersse:noserose

70/113朗誦：asilverspoonsomethingsweetaspecialseasoninthegrasssingasongasadstorySusan’szipperasimpledesignazigzagpathSeasandoceanswhosedeskssistersandbrothers71/113朗誦：

Cindycollectsallsortsofstamps.Sevensillyskunkssighedsadly.Sam,passmethesaltplease.Besensible,Alice,it’stooexpensive.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.Sallyalwayssuffersfromsea-sicknesswhensheisatsea.Thoseboysmadealotofnoise;theircriescouldbeheardformiles.Azooisaparkwherewildanimalsareonpublicdisplay.72/113輔音音標(biāo)[∫][3][t∫][d3]練習(xí)73/113[∫]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合s:sugarsuresh:shipsheepwashcashshopshe[3]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

s:television,usually,Asiameasureagarage,anunusualcollision;agreatdecision;mypleasure74/113朗誦：Sheepshouldn’tsleepinashack,butinashed.Surelythesunshallshinesoon..Shesellsfishandshellfishfreshfromtheocean.Theshopsellsfashionableshortsandshirts.Sheshudderedandshiveredwhensheheardtheshockingexplosion.There’ssomethingunusual.75/113[t∫]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合ch:teacherpeachcherrychairtch:watchmatch[d3]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合g:gingergiraffej:jumpjobjamge:orangecabbagecage76/113朗誦：haveachatablankchequethechiefeditoracharmingyoungladyachildofnaturecherishitrisetochallengejumpatthechancejoinhandswithstewinone'sownjuiceaplainJaneajointventuremakeasoundjudgement77/113Tonguetwister:ChuckcheapchocolatechipsTryGerry’scharmingGermancherrygin.Jane’sdrainboarddrainjustdrainedJane’sdrainage.78/113音標(biāo)[f][v][θ][e]練習(xí)79/113

[f]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合f:fivefanflowerfishfourleafff:giraffeph:phoneelephantphotogh:laugh[v]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合v:videovasevestve:fiveloveviolin

80/113/f/laughandcoughabeautifulknifelookcheerfulsomethingfunnythefirstofFebruaryaphotographofmyself/v/avastfieldfigleavesserveatfiveveryvainafinevasefiveandahalfyears81/113朗誦：Fannycuthalfaloafwithafineknife.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.FriendlyFranckflipsfineflapjacks.Francescoveredherfacewithaveil.Philipsvandeliversvegetablesandfruiteveryday.Victorisveryefficientman.Adetectivefoundvariousphotosinthefile.82/113Tonguetwister:FancyNancydidnotfancydoingfancywork.ButfancyNancy'sfancyauntiedidfancyNancydoingfancywork.

Afleaandaflyflewupinaflue.

Saidtheflea,"Letusfly!"

Saidthefly,"Letusflee!"

Sotheyflewthroughaflawintheflue.83/113[θ]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合th:threethinthirdteethmouth[e]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合th:fathermotherbrotherclothesweather84/113朗誦：athousandthanksbethirstythreemonthsamathematiciansomethingniceherbirthdaythreebrothersratherthickthirstythievesinthebathroomthosethemesthatthumbcoldweatherratherthan

85/113朗誦：Thoseclothesaren’tworthanything.Atheaterisaplacewhereplaysorothersshowsareperformedonastage.Hisfatherandmotherwentthroughthickandthin.Arthurisnowbreathingsmoothly.

Thatmeanssomethingoverthere.86/113

輔音音標(biāo)［ts］[dz][tr][dr]練習(xí)87/113[ts]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

ts:seatsgoatscoatscatspetseatstes:gateskitesdatestastes[dz]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

ds:seedswoodsfriendsbirdsbedsdes:rides

88/113[tr]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合tr:treetrucktrousersstrawberrytrick[dr]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合dr:drawdrinkdriverdragondry89/113輔音音標(biāo)[h][r][l][m]練習(xí)90/113[h]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合h:heherheadhearthairhamwh:whowhose朗誦：ahighhillhitithardbehindthehouseahatinhandahugeheadholdithighhalfwaydownthehallwhosehouse91/113[r]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合r:riceroomrideroadroserr:mirrorcarrotparrotwr:writewrongwrap朗誦：ared,redrosevery,veryworriedtherightroadbravebutcrazyhungryandangryreadandwrite92/113Tonguetwister:

RobertRollyrolledaroundrollround.IfRobertRollyrolledaroundrollround,Whereistheroundroll?RobertRollyrolledaround?93/113[l]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合l:looklightlockluckyliontailll:ballpulldollartell朗誦：

Liveandlearn.Lookbeforeyouleap.Lovemelittle,lovemelong.Leavemealone,please.Collectthepapers,please.Itwaslostinthefile.Alittlepillmaywellcureagreatill.Helosthislifeinthestruggleforliberty.94/113[m]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合

m:mouthmousemilkmonkeymoonmoneymummb:climbcombthum朗誦：afamousmountain/forfame/fromtimetotimeblamenobody/allthesame/makeamove95/113音標(biāo)[n][η][w][j]練習(xí)96/113[n]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合n:nosenetnutbanananoodlestrainrainplanedownkn:kneeknifeknockgn:sign朗誦：thin-skinned/ninetimesoutoften/makeanoiseintheworld/normalizetherelations/gainingalotofweight97/113朗誦：MynameisMay.Sheisagreenhand.Mary’smotherisafamousfilmmaker.Themanagerwantstomakeaname.Noneedtoknowthat.Themilkmanisshouting.Sheisnarrow-minded.Doyouknowthemeaningofthesong?Lilyislearninganotherlanguage.98/113[η]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合n:inkbanktankfingerng:singhangsongkingreadingrunning朗誦：AsIwasgoingalong,along,along,Isangacomicalsong,song,song,ThelanethatIwentwaslong,long,long,AndthesongthatIsangwasaslong,long,long,AndsoIwentalongsingingthelong,longsong.99/113[w]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合w:winterwindowwatchwaterwellwouldwh:whitewherewhichwhenwhywheelwhale朗誦：Howmuchwoodwouldawoodchuckchuckifawoodchuckcouldchuckwood?Walterwaswailing,worryingandwatchingthewetweatherandthewetwind.100/113[j]發(fā)這個(gè)音字母和字母組合y:yo-yoyogurtyardyesyouyour朗誦：Whothatinyouthnovirtuesuses,inageallhonorhimrefuses.UniqueNewYork.101/113BettyBotterhadsomebutter,"But,"shesaid,"thisbutter'sbitter.

IfIbakethisbitterbutter,

itwouldmakemybatterbitter.

Butabitofbetterbutter--

thatwouldmakemybatterbetter."

Sosheboughtabitofbutter,

betterthanherbitterbutter,

andshebakeditinh