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1/103surgeon與doctorSurgeon(外科醫(yī)生)meansadoctorwhoperformsoperations;Doctor(醫(yī)生)meansapersonwhoknowshowtotreatdiseases.Therefore,physicians(內(nèi)科醫(yī)生),dentists(牙醫(yī))andsurgeons(?)arealldoctors.2/103Thetitleofthetext:TheMakingofaSurgeonThetitlemeans“Thecauseofasurgeon’ssuccess.”Translatedas“外科醫(yī)生成功之道”“making”meansofgainingsuccess“成功之道”;e.g.①Theperseverancewasthemakingofthewriter.(堅(jiān)忍不拔是這位作家成功原因。)3/103而inthemaking=intheprocessofbeingmade;readytobeproduced“在制造中,在醞釀中”;e.g.②Ourplansarestillinthemaking.(我們計(jì)劃還在醞釀之中。)另外,makings=thequalitiesneeded(含有)成為…所需素質(zhì);e.g.Hehasthemakingsofagooddoctor.(他含有成為好醫(yī)生素質(zhì)。)4/103residentv.s.residencyResident:
(實(shí)習(xí)結(jié)束后進(jìn)入高級(jí)訓(xùn)練階段)住院醫(yī)生;doctorwholivesinthehospitalandcontinuepracticingaftercompletinghisinternship(n.〔美〕實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生或?qū)嵙?xí)教師、實(shí)習(xí)生職位或職務(wù);實(shí)習(xí)生).Residency:(高級(jí)???住院實(shí)習(xí)期;thelaststageofadoctor’strainingatahospital.5/103I.Warming-upexercisesII.AbriefIntroductiontothetextIII.DetailedexplanationofthetextIV.SummaryofthetextV.LanguagepointsVI.HomeworkTeachingProcedures6/1037/103Questionsfordiscussion
Inyouropinion,howcanapersonbesuccessful?(hard-working,lucky,chance,
opportunity,healthy,intelligence,
self-confidence…)8/103
Asfarasadoctorisconcerned,whatshouldbethemostimportantfactor(原因)forhimtobesuccessful?(self-confidence)9/103“Self-confidenceisthefirstrequisite(必要條件)togreatundertakings(事業(yè)).”
——SamuelJohnson10/103WordsReadingofthenewwordssurgeonn.
doctorwhoperformsoperations外科醫(yī)生self-confidence
n.
自信心11/103Wordsmakingn.
meansofgainingsuccess
成功之道resident
n.
住院醫(yī)生12/103Wordsconcludevt.
arriveatabelieforopinionbyreasoning得出結(jié)論surgicala.
of,by,orforsurgery外科;手術(shù)13/103Wordscompetently
ad.
withthenecessaryskill稱職地;勝任地nearvt.
approach;comeclosertocompetent
a.14/103Wordsemergency
n.
suddenanddangeroushappeningneedingimmediateaction
緊急情況;急癥encounter
vt.
befacedwith(difficulties,danger,etc.);meetunexpectedly遭到;意外地遇見(jiàn)15/103Wordsdreadvt.
feargreatly畏懼criticala.
importantatatimeofdangeranddifficulty緊要;關(guān)鍵性16/103Wordsparticulara.belongingtosomeoneperson,thing,oroccasion特定casen.
instanceofdiseaseorinjury病例17/103Wordsinfrequentlyad.seldom;notoftenrelaxvi.becomelesstense放松relaxationn.18/103Wordsresidencyn.thelaststageofadoctor’strainingatahospital高級(jí)??谱≡簩?shí)習(xí)(期)constanta.
happeningallthetime;unchanging不停;一直如一19/103Wordsresolvevt.solve處理considereda.carefullythoughtout
經(jīng)過(guò)深思熟慮resolution
n.20/103Wordsdwell(dwelt;dwelled)vi.live(inaplace)居住bounda.
verylikely;certain一定;必定21/103Wordssounda.correct;basedongoodjudgment
正確;合理confident
a.
sureofoneselfandone’sabilities自信confidence
n.22/103Wordshandlevt.manage,dealwith處理butterfly
n.
蝴蝶23/103Wordsabdomenn.belly腹(部)anticipatevt.
seebeforehand預(yù)期anticipation
n.24/103Wordssweatn.&vi.汗;流汗stab
/stAb/n.
thrustmadewithapointedweapon刺,戳25/103Wordsbellyn.肚,腹部puncturevt.
makeasmallholein(sth.)withsth.pointed刺穿26/103Wordscompound
a.havingmorethanonepart復(fù)合fracturen.
breakinabone骨折27/103Wordscompoundfracturen.復(fù)合性骨折inevitablyad.
unavoidably不可防止地inevitablea.28/103Wordserrvi.makemistakes;dowrongoperatevi.
performasurgicaloperation動(dòng)手術(shù)29/103Wordssurgeryn.外科;外科手術(shù)solea.
unshared;oneandonly唯一30/103Wordsresponsibilityn.責(zé)任,責(zé)任心avoidvt.
escape;keeporgetawayfrom防止31/103Wordsconceiteda.havetoohighanopinionofoneself自負(fù)conceitn.toohighanopinionofoneself32/103Wordstryinga.
hardtoendureorbear;verydifficult難受;惱人bother
vt.annoy,trouble煩擾,麻煩33/103Wordsuncertainty
n.
uncertaincondition;doubt34/103Agameofwordsconf__d__ntc__ncl__dec__mp__tentcr__t__calres__l__tionc__ns__deredant__c__pates__rg__ryc__nce__trespons__b__l__tyin__v__tablyinfr__qu__ntlyeiouoeiiouoiiiueoiiiieiee35/10336/103ThisarticleiswrittenbyDr.WilliamNolen,awell-knownAmericansurgeonandauthor.Do.Nolenrevealstousinhisarticlethathe,asadoctor,hadgonealongwaybeforehebecameasurgeon.Then,whatquality,accordingtoDr.Nolen,isessentialinthemakingofasurgeonandatwhatpointoftimedoesadoctorfinallybecomeasurgeon?37/10338/103Afamoussurgeontellsabouttheimportanceofself-confidencefromhisownexperience.39/103THEMAKINGOFASURGEONDr.NolenHowdoesadoctorrecognizethepointintimewhenheisfinallya“surgeon”?AsmyyearaschiefresidentdrewtoacloseIaskedmyselfthisquestiononmorethanoneoccasion.40/103THEMAKINGOFASURGEONDr.NolenHowdoesadoctorrecognizethepointintimewhenheisfinallya“surgeon”?AsmyyearaschiefresidentdrewtoacloseIaskedmyselfthisquestiononmorethanoneoccasion.doctorphysician 內(nèi)科醫(yī)生surgeon
外科醫(yī)生specialist ??漆t(yī)生dentist 牙科醫(yī)生obstetrician 產(chǎn)科醫(yī)生pediatrician 兒科醫(yī)生surgeon
外科醫(yī)生41/103THEMAKINGOFASURGEONDr.NolenHowdoesadoctorrecognizethepointintimewhenheisfinallya“surgeon”?AsmyyearaschiefresidentdrewtoacloseIaskedmyselfthisquestiononmorethanoneoccasion.resident
住院醫(yī)生intern(實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生)
residentsurgeonInternship+residency=3~5years42/103BackgroundinformationCareerinmedicineintheU.S.(行醫(yī)在美國(guó))
在美國(guó)作醫(yī)生得先修完四年本科課程,最少先讀四年大學(xué),取得學(xué)士學(xué)位,然后在醫(yī)學(xué)院再學(xué)習(xí)四年。畢業(yè)后普通先在醫(yī)院作實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生,接收訓(xùn)練和指導(dǎo)。要和醫(yī)生一起巡視病房,幫助處理急診。之后做“住院醫(yī)生”。住院醫(yī)生所擔(dān)負(fù)責(zé)任比實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生要大,除了應(yīng)繼續(xù)向同行學(xué)習(xí)、專研業(yè)務(wù)外,還要經(jīng)常在手術(shù)臺(tái)旁作有經(jīng)驗(yàn)醫(yī)生助手,同時(shí)也接替在職醫(yī)生處理急診。住院醫(yī)生在住院期間如表現(xiàn)突出,可提升為住院長(zhǎng),負(fù)起更多責(zé)任。當(dāng)實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生及住院醫(yī)生年限,依據(jù)所學(xué)專業(yè)不一樣,或三年或五年不等。43/103ThreetypesofdoctorsintheU.S.
美國(guó)醫(yī)生三種類型一、全科醫(yī)生(generalpractitioner)治療全部常見(jiàn)疾病。在有些需要專門(mén)技術(shù)病例中,患者要被介紹去看教授(也即,第二種醫(yī)生)。二、??漆t(yī)生(specialist),??漆t(yī)生可分為牙科醫(yī)生(dentist),兒科醫(yī)生(pediatrican),外科醫(yī)生(surgeon),內(nèi)科醫(yī)生(physician),產(chǎn)科醫(yī)生(obstertrician)等。三、醫(yī)學(xué)研究者,他們一樣受過(guò)醫(yī)學(xué)訓(xùn)練,但不行醫(yī),只在醫(yī)學(xué)院或大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心從事醫(yī)學(xué)研究與教學(xué)工作。44/103Theanswer,Iconcluded,wasself-confidence.Whenyoucansaytoyourself,“ThereisnosurgicalpatientIcannottreatcompetently,treatjustaswellasorbetterthananyothersurgeon”—then,andnotuntilthen,youareindeedasurgeon.Iwasnearingthatpoint.我能勝任對(duì)任何外科病人治療,我治療和其它外科醫(yī)生一樣高明,甚至比其它醫(yī)生更高明。45/103Whatisthemostimportantforadoctortobecomeasurgeonfinally?(AccordingtoDo.Nolen,
self-confidence
isessential(主要)inthemakingofasurgeon,andonlywhenadoctorhasbuiltupperfectconfidenceinhimselforherself,willheorshereallybeasurgeon.
)Question1:46/103Howcanyouunderstand“Iwasnearingthatpoint”?(IwasnearingtimewhenIwasindeedasurgeon.
)Question2:47/103Take,forexample,theemergencysituationsthatweencounteredalmosteverynight.ThefirstfewmonthsoftheyearIhaddreadedtheringingofthetelephone.Iknewitmeantanothercriticaldecisiontobemade.Often,afterIhadtoldWaltorLarrywhattodoinaparticularsituation,I’dhavetroublegettingbacktosleep.I’dreviewallthefactsofthecaseand,notinfrequently,wonderifIhadn’tmadeapoordecision.Morethanonceattwoorthreeinthemorning,afterlyingawakeforanhour,I’dgetoutofbed,dressanddrivetothehospitaltoseethepatientmyself.ItwastheonlywayIcouldfindthepeaceofmindIneededtorelax.emergencysituations
緊急情況criticaldecision
關(guān)鍵性決定particularsituation
特殊情況我會(huì)重溫那位急診病人整個(gè)病情,經(jīng)常會(huì)懷疑自己是否作出了不妥決定。這是我能找到安心休息所需要內(nèi)心平靜唯一方法。48/103Accordingtopara.3,howdidtheauthortrytofindthepeaceofmindheneededtorelax?Question3:(Togetoutofbed,todressandtodrivetothehospitaltoseethepatienthimself.
)49/103Now,inthelastmonthofmyresidency,sleepingwasnolongeraproblem.TherewerestillsituationsinwhichIcouldn’tbecertainmydecisionhadbeentherightone,butIhadlearnedtoacceptthisasaconstantproblemforasurgeon,onethatcouldneverbecompletelyresolved—andIcouldlivewithit.So,onceIhadmadeaconsidereddecision,Inolongerdweltonit.Reviewingitwasn’tgoingtohelpandIknewthatwithmyknowledgeandexperience,anydecisionI’dmadewasboundtobeasoundone.Itwasanicefeeling.
Here“it”referstothepreceding(前面)
sentence“TherewerestillsituationsinwhichIcouldn‘tbecertainmydecisionhadbeentherightone…aconstantproblem…thatcouldneverbecompletelyresolved…”considereddecision
深思熟慮決定50/103Whatcanwelearnfrompara.4?Question4:(self-confidencehelpshimwhenheismakingadecision.
)51/103IntheoperatingroomIwasequallyconfident.IknewIhadtheknowledge,theskill,theexperiencetohandleanysurgicalsituationI’deverencounterinpractice.TherewerenomorebutterfliesinmystomachwhenIopenedupanabdomenorachest.Iknewthatevenifthecasewasoneinwhichitwasimpossibletoanticipatetheprobleminadvance,IcouldhandlewhateverIfound.I’dsweatedthroughmyshareofstabwoundsofthebelly,ofpuncturedlungs,ofcompoundfractures.Ihadsweatedoverthemforfiveyears.Ididn’tneedtosweatanymore.butterfliesinone’sstomach
afeelingoffearoranxiety
擔(dān)心不安,忐忑不安
I’dbeennervousandfilledwithanxietywhilepainstakinglytreatingtheseriousinjuriesthatcometoeveryyoungdoctor-suchseriousinjuriesasstabwoundsintheabdomen,puncturedlungsandcompoundfractures.我戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢地治療過(guò)交在我手下腹部刺傷、肺部穿孔以及復(fù)合性骨折等病例。52/103Canyoufindthetopicsentenceinpara.5?Question5:(Thefirstsentence:Intheoperatingroom,Iwasequallyconfident.
)53/103NorwasIafraidofmakingmistakes.IknewthatwhenIwasoutinpracticeIwouldinevitablyerratonetimeoranotherandoperateonsomeonewhodidn’tneedsurgeryorsitonsomeonewhodid.Fiveyearsearlier—evenoneyearearlier—Iwouldn’thavebeenabletolivewithmyselfifIhadhadtotakesoleresponsibilityforamistakeinjudgment.NowIcould.Istilldreadederrors—woulddomybesttoavoidthem—butIknewtheywerepartofasurgeon’slife.IcouldacceptthisfactwithcalmnessbecauseIknewthatifIwasn’tabletoavoidamistake,chanceswerethatnoothersurgeoncouldhave,either.whenIcompletedmyresidencyperiodandbegantoworkonmyownasasurgeon當(dāng)我出去開(kāi)業(yè)行醫(yī)時(shí)…itwasmostlikelythatnoothersurgeoncouldhaveavoidedthemistake.那么換了任何別外科醫(yī)生很可能也不能防止。54/103Accordingtopara.6,what’stheauthor’sattitudetowardserrors?Question6:(Hetriedhisbesttoavoiderrors,buthewasnotafraidofthem,becauseheknewhewasn’tabletoavoidamistake,neithercouldothersurgeons.
)55/103Frompara.4–6,wecanconcludethatself-confidencehelpstheauthor________.
a.whenismakingadecisionb.whenheisperforminganoperationc.whenhehasmademistakesd.alloftheabove
Question7:56/103ThisallsoundsconceitedandIguessitis—butasurgeonneedsconceit.Heneedsittoencouragehimintryingmomentswhenhe’sbotheredbythedoubtsanduncertaintiesthatarepartofthepracticeofmedicine.Hehastofeelthathe’sasgoodasandprobablybetterthananyothersurgeonintheworld.Callitconceit—callitself-confidence;whateveritwas,Ihadit.57/103Howdoyouunderstand“asurgionneedsconceit”?Doyouagreewiththeauthor?Whyorwhynot?(Asurgeonneedsself-confidence.
)Question8:58/103Whatisthemainideaofthetext?
a.Youngsurgeonslosealotofsleep.b.Self-confidenceisthekeytothemakingofasurgeon.c.Agoodsurgeonisonewhomakesnomistakes.d.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.
Question9:59/10360/103PartI(para.1-2):
Theauthorputsforwardhisidea–––self-confidenceisvitaltothemakingofasurgeon.Organizationofthetext61/103PartIII(para.7):
Theauthorcomestoaconclusionthathehasself-confidence.PartII(para.3-6):
Theauthortriestosupporthisidea––reasonsandexamples.62/103WritingskillArgumentationPartI:thesis(論點(diǎn))PartII:supporters(論據(jù))PartIII:conclusion(結(jié)論)reasonsexamplestopicsentence(主題句)illustrating(舉例)reasoning(說(shuō)理)63/10364/1031.Grammaticalstructures(L12)
Often,afterIhadtoldWaltorLarrywhattodoinaparticularsituation,I’dhavetroublegettingbacktosleep.
注意:doingsth.havetroubleproblemdifficulty65/103(L12)
Often,afterIhadtoldWaltorLarrywhattodoinaparticularsituation,I’dhavetroublegettingbacktosleep.
eg.–––Suchapleasantgirlasshehasnotroublemakingfriendswithpeople.–––Theboyhadalotoftroublegettingupearlyinwinter.–––HehasproblemspellingEnglishwords..Grammaticalstructures66/103
(L21)
So,onceIhadmadeaconsidereddecision…eg.–––Onceagoodbeginningismade,youwillhavenofurtherdifficultyoperatingthemachine.–––OnceshebegantowriteinEnglish,shefelthowweakshewasinthelanguage.67/103
(L5)
ThereisnosurgicalpatientIcannottreatcompetently.–––Icantreatanysurgicalpatientcompetently.eg. Hisdogwilleatalmostanything. Hisdogwillnoteatalmostnothing. JohniscalledMr.Fixitbecausehecanfixalmostanything. JohniscalledMr.Fixitbecausehecannotfixalmostnothing.68/103cometoanend結(jié)束eg.——Thissemesterisdrawingtoaclose.——Theyearsoondrewtoitsclose.
drawtoaclose.Wordsandphrases69/103
treat:治療
cure:治愈eg.——Whichdoctorsare_______herforherillness?——Thebonefracture(斷裂)inthetruckdriver’sleftlegwasbeingcarefully________.——Thismedicineshould______youofyourcold.treatingtreatedcure70/103
encounter meeteg.——Hepromisedto_____herattheairport.——OnthetrainI__________(偶然遇見(jiàn))anoldfriendofminewhoIhadnotseenforyears.meetencounteredEncounterisasynonym(同義詞)formeet.Itisamoreformalwordandstronglyimpliesanunexpectedmeeting.71/103
particular,special尤其,特殊particular:
指在一定范圍某一特定事物或人special:
泛指特殊,尤其72/103
particular,special尤其,特殊eg.——Asfarasfruitsareconcerned,Ihaveno____________taste.——Asaman,hehasnothing_______.particularspecial——Thebusdriverisusuallypolite,butinthis__________casehelosthistemper.——__________attentionwasgiventotheorphangirl.particularSpecial73/103
livewithaccept(sth.unpleasant)忍受,接收eg.——Mostofusdon’tlikethenewregulations,butwehavetolearntolivewith
them.——Youmustlivewiththefastthatyouarenolongerashealthyasyouwere.比較:putupwith忍受cometotermswith接收,妥協(xié)74/103
dwellonthinkabout,speakorwritealotabout多想eg.——Letbygonesbebygones.Don’tdwellsomuchonthepast.——Thespeakerdweltonthatpointformorethananhour.75/103
beboundtobecertainto;besureto
確實(shí)能,有把握eg.——Youareboundtosucceedifyoukeepontrying.——It’sboundtorain.Look!Thecloudsaregatheringquickly.76/103
inpractice在實(shí)際工作中intheory 在理論上inprinciple 在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上inreality 在現(xiàn)實(shí)中77/103
operateoncutthebodyinordertosetrightorremoveadiseasedparteg.——Haveyoueverbeenoperatedon?——I’llhavetohavemystomachoperatedon.78/103
sitonneglect;donothingbout忽略eg.——Isentinmyapplicationingoodtime,butthesecretarysatonitforamonth.——Weshouldnotsitonthosewhoneedhelp.79/103自信心即將結(jié)束不止一次…做決定在某一特定情況下不妥當(dāng)決定尋找內(nèi)心平靜self-confidencedrawtoacloseonmorethanoneoccasionmakeadecisioninaparticularsituationapoordecisionfindthepeaceofmindUsefulexpressionsUnit6TheMakingofaSurgeon80/103深思熟慮決定手術(shù)室經(jīng)常碰到問(wèn)題開(kāi)業(yè)提前容忍說(shuō)不定何時(shí)負(fù)擔(dān)全部責(zé)任aconsidereddecisiontheoperatingroomaconstantproblembeinpracticeinadvancelivewithatonetimeoranothertakesoleresponsibilityforUsefulexpressionsUnit6TheMakingofaSurgeon81/103判斷上失誤考驗(yàn)人時(shí)刻為某人做手術(shù)生活中一部分amistakeinjudgmenttryingmomentsoperateonsomeonebepartofone’slifeUsefulexpressionsUnit6TheMakingofaSurgeon82/103PlasticsurgeryTheMakingofaHero城鎮(zhèn)居民緊急呼叫松懈(努力)念叨過(guò)去整形外科/整形手術(shù)鋼鐵是怎樣煉成CityresidentsEmergencycallRelaxone’seffortsDwellonthepastUsefulexpressionsUnit6TheMakingofaSurgeon83/103預(yù)支收入簡(jiǎn)單/不費(fèi)勁背后捅刀Abellylaugh肺穿孔人非圣賢獨(dú)家代理Anticipateone’sincomeNosweat.Stabsb.intheback捧腹大笑ApuncturedlungToerrishuman.SoleagentUsefulexpressionsUnit6TheMakingofaSurgeon84/103KEYFOREXERCISE
IIbdcdcaba85/103III1)livewith2)resolve3)encounter4)sole5)drawingtoaclose6)anticipated7)dwelton8)saton9)hadbutterfliesinhisstomach10)conceited86/103III1)openup2)relaxed3)emergency4)concluded5)livewith6)atonetimeoranother7)particular8)surgery9)wassweating10)competently11)inadvance12)inpractice87/103III1)IwasconfidentthatIwouldwintherace./Iwasconfidentofwinningtherace.2)Withdeterminationandhardwork,youareboundtosucceedeventually.3)Theburglarwalkedveryfastinordertoavoidbeingseenbythepolicemanbehind.4)Drivingacarafterdrinkingalcoholwillinevitablyleadtoanaccidentorarrestbythepolice.5)Youmusttake(full)responsibilityforlosingthemoney.6)Greatsuccessatsuchanearlyagemadetheyoungbusinessmanquiteaconceitedfellow.88/1031)absence2)efficiency3)independence4)silence5)confidence6)patience7)distance8)competence/competency9)Frequence/frequency10)presence11)importance12)permanence/permanency13)constancy14)emergence/emergency15)evidenceIV89/1031)efficiency2)emergency3)absence4)confidence5)frequency6)distance7)presence8)independence1)haveenriched2)hadenjoyed3)ensured4)endeared5)enabled6)endanger7)enlarge8)havebeenembodied9)empower10)entitleIV90/1031)I'llgetyouone2)I'mthinkingofgettinganewone3)mustbuysomebiggerones4)Theoneatthefront5)haveeatenallthesoftones6)decidedtocatchalaterone7)Iwanttoborrowone8)theonesyouhadonyesterdayV91/1031)Onceagoodbeginningismade2)Onceyouunderstandtheserules3)Oncehemakesapromise4)Oncetheyareputdowninblackandwhite/Onceputdowninblackandwhite5)onceyougetintothehabitofsmoking6)OnceshebegantowriteinEnglishVI92/1031)Ihadalotoftroublegettingthecarstartedthismorning.
2)Youwon'thavemuchdifficultygettingtoknowpeopleinItaly.
3)Theconceitedyoungmansaidhehadnodifficultywhatsoeverreadingtechnicaldrawings.
4)Totheteacher'ssurprise,mostofthestudentsinhisclasshadlittledifficultyworkingoutthehardmathsproblems.
5)DidyouhaveanytroublefindingthebutterflyspecimenProf.Nolenwanted?
6)Theshepherdshadagreatdealoftroubledrivingthesheeptoaplaceofsafetyinthesnowstorm.
VI93/1031)Einsteinissofamousthatthereisnoonewhodoesn'tknowhim.2)Thereisalmostnothingthathisdogwon'teat.3)Thereisnoonewhodoesn'tmakeanymistakesinhislifetime.4)Thereisnogoalthatyoucannotobtainsolongasyouhaveanhonestattitudeandastrongwill.5)Thereisnobodyherewhowon'tlendyouahelpinghandwhenyoufindyourselfindifficulty.6)JohniscalledMr.FixItbecausethereisalmostnothingthathecannotfix.VI94/1031)surgical2)confident3)dwellon4)emergency5)sweat6)competent7)atonetimeoranother8)relaxVII95/103A1)from2)examined3)nothing4)trouble5)Much
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