中考英語真題分類匯編-1、選擇型閱讀-

(2019安徽)AItisexpectedthatPacificIslandcountrieswillbecomepopularwithChinesetouristsin2019.Whichoneshouldyouchooseforyoursummerholiday?CountryWhatyouneedtoknowLanguageWhatyouneedtodoPapuanewguineaItisthelargestoneofthePacificIslandcountries.Boththemainlandanditsislandsareperfectfordeepseadiving（潛水）.English&TokPisinGodeepseadivingintheSolomonSea.KingdomofTongaTongaisaheadoftherestoftheworld;it’sthefirstcountryintheworldtostartanewday.English&TonganVisittheRoyalPalaceofTongan.TheRepublicofVanuatuItsitsbetweenHawaiiandAustralia.InVanuatu,you’llfindtheworld’sonlyunderwaterpostofficeinthecapital,PortVilla.English,French&BislamaSendapostcardfromtheunderwaterpostoffice.FijiFijiisoneoftheworld’sbest-knownplacesforyourholiday.Theisland’sbluesea,white-sandbeachesandtheforestsarewellworthseeing.Fijian&EnglishGodivingonManaIslan.71.Whichcountryisthefirstonetostartanewday?A.PapuaNewGuinea. B.KingdomofTonga.C.TheRepublicofVanuatu. D.Fiji.72.PeoplegotoFijifortheirholidaysmainlybecause_________.A.thingstherearewellworthseeing. B.theunderwaterpostofficeisexciting.C.theywanttostayintheRoyalPalace. D.itisthelargestPacificIslandcountry.73.WhichlanguageisspokeninallthefourPacificIslandcountries?A.TokPisin. B.French. C.Bislama. D.English.74.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toaskforsomehelp. B.Tointroducelanguages.C.Toansweraquestion. D.Toofferholidaychoices.體裁：應用文話題：國家與民族詞數(shù)：177【主旨大意】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四個太平洋島國巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞、湯加共和國、阿努阿圖共和國和斐濟的特色、語言和特色旅游景點。【答案】71-74BADD【解析】71.B細節(jié)理解題。從Whatyouneedtoknow列第三行“it’sthefirstcountryintheworldtostartanewday.”知，KingdomofTonga（湯加共和國）是世界上第一個開始新的一天的國家。故選B。72.A細節(jié)理解題。從表格最后一行Fiji部分Whatyouneedtoknow列“Theisland’sbluesea,white-sandbeachesandtheforestsarewellworthseeing.”知，斐濟這個島國有藍色的大海、白色海灘和森林都是值得一看的。故選A。73.D總結(jié)歸納題。從Language列列舉的語言分析知，英語是四個島國的共同語言。故選D。74.D觀點意圖題。從文章開頭“Whichoneshouldyouchooseforyoursummerholiday?（你應該選擇去哪個島國去度你的暑假呢？）”知，這些信息的主要意圖就是提供假期選擇。故選D。(2019安徽)B Haveyoutriedtorunorwalkforexerciseandthengivenup?Ifyouansweredyes,youshouldtryanewkindofexercise:aquatic(水中的)exercise.Aquaticexerciseislikeexerciseonland,butyoudoitinaswimmingpool.Moreandmorepeoplearetryingaquaticexercise. Aquaticexercisefeelseasierthanexercisingonland.Why?Youweighabout90%lessinthepool.Itisbetterforyourkneesthanrunningorwalking.Waterisabout1000timesthickerandheavierthanair.Tomovethroughthewater,yourbodyhastoworkfourtimesashard.Asaresult,youcanburnmorecalories(卡路里). Infact,mostpeoplesaytheyfeelmorerelaxedinthewater.Theystopthinkingaboutthethingsthatmakethemworried.Theyfeelincontroloftheirbodies.Thecool,quietenvironmentmakesthemfeelgood. Butwhatifyouareafraidofthewater?Noproblem!Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Aquaticexerciseissafeandeasytolearn.Itdoesn’trequireanyspecialskills.Youdon’tevenneedtoknowhowtoswim.Aquaticexerciseisforeveryone.75.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Differencebetweenairandwater. B.Weightchangeofone’sbody C.Theadvantagesofaquaticexercise. D.Thewaystodoaquaticexercise.76.Whatdomostpeoplethinkofaquaticexercise?A.Relaxing. B.Worrying. C.Challenging. D.Boring.77.Accordingtothetext,aquaticexerciseis________.A.doneingroup B.fitforeveryone C.difficulttolearn D.donewithspecialskills78.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A.Culture. B.Health. C.Nature. D.Travel.體裁：說明文話題：體育健身詞數(shù)：195【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在水中鍛煉比陸地鍛煉的優(yōu)點和鍛煉技巧，號召人們進行水中訓練。【答案】75-78CABB【解析】75.C段落大意題。閱讀第二段知，水中鍛煉比陸地容易，因為人在水中比在陸地上要輕90%，由于水密度比空氣厚而且重，因此在水中鍛煉需要更大的力氣，因此會燃燒更多的熱量。也就是說，本段主要談論了水中鍛煉的優(yōu)點。故選C。72.A細節(jié)理解題。從第三段“Infact,mostpeoplesaytheyfeelmorerelaxedinthewater.”知，大多數(shù)人認為在水中鍛煉更感覺放松。故選A。73.B細節(jié)理解題。從第四段“Aquaticexerciseisforeveryone.”知，水中鍛煉適合每個人。故選B。74.B推理判斷題。本文主要談論的是水中鍛煉的好處，因此應該出現(xiàn)在報紙的“健康”部分。故選B。(2019安徽)CLikemanyhighschoolgraduates,MaggieDoynedidn’tgostraighttocollege.ShedecidedtotravelandarrivesinwesternNepalin2006.Awarhadjustendedthereandletmanychildrenlivingonthestreets.Theywereoftenforcedtoworkathardphysicaljobsforlittlemoney.Oneday,whilewalkingdownacountryroad,Doynesawalittlegirlbreakinguprocks,Shesoonlearnedthat7-year-oldHimasoldtherockstosupportherfamily.Withdeepsadness,shedecidedtopayHima’stuition(學費)forschool.Encouragedbythechangesinthechild,Doynethought,“Ifwecanhelponechild,whynot10?”Doynefeltthatthestreetchildren’sgreatestneedwasahome.Shefoundapieceoflandforsaleandboughtitwith$5,000shesavedfromyearsofbabysitting(當臨時保姆).In2008theKopilaValleyChildren’sHomewassetup.Withthehelpfromthecommunity,anothergoalwasreachedin2010—theKopilaValleySchool.Over350childrennowattendtheschoolandover50liveinthehome.Today,Doynelivesinthehomeandis“mum”tothekids.79.WhendidMaggieDoynetraveltowesternNepal?A.In2006 B.In2007 C.In2008 D.In201080.WhydidHimabreakuptherocks?A.Todophysicalexercise. B.Tobuildanewschool . C.Togetmoneyforherfamily. D.Torepairthecountryroad.81.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Thestreetchildrenonceworkedasbabysitters.B.Doynegotsomesupportfromthecommunity.C.Doyneborrowedmuchmoneyfromthegovernment. D.Over5,000childrenattendtheKopilaValleySchool.82.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MaggieDoyneALonelyTraveller B.WarinWesternNepalC.MaggieDoyneMumtoMoreThan50 D.AGirlLivedonHerown體裁：記敘文話題：社會行為詞數(shù)：194【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。因為一場戰(zhàn)爭，尼泊爾很多孩子無家可歸。一個高中畢業(yè)生MaggieDoyne看到這個現(xiàn)象，傾其所有辦起了一個收容所和一個學校幫助這些街道孩子。【答案】79-82ACBC【解析】79.A細節(jié)理解題。從第一段“ShedecidedtotravelandarrivesinwesternNepalin2006.”知，MaggieDoyne于2006年決定旅行到尼泊爾西部。故選A。80.C細節(jié)理解題。從第二段“Doynesawalittlegirlbreakinguprocks,Shesoonlearnedthat7-year-oldHimasoldtherockstosupportherfamily.”知，Doyne看見一個7歲小女孩Hima砸碎石頭的目的是用那些碎石頭賣錢支持家庭。故選C。81.B細節(jié)理解題。從第三段“Shefoundapieceoflandforsaleandboughtitwith$5,000shesavedfromyearsofbabysitting”知，Doyne曾經(jīng)當過臨時保姆，而不是那些街道孩子當過保姆；從“Withthehelpfromthecommunity,anothergoalwasreachedin2010—theKopilaValleySchool.”知，Doyne得到社區(qū)的幫助；本段沒有提及Doyne從政府借錢；從“Over350childrennowattendtheschool”知，超過350個孩子而不是超過5,000個孩子進入了這個學校。綜上所述選B。82.C標題歸納題。本文主要談論的是Doyne幫助尼泊爾街道孩子的故事。從文章最后知，這些孩子都叫她“媽媽”。因此用C作為文章標題是合適的。故選C。(2019安徽)DTheworldusesaboutathousandmillion(百萬)tonsofwateraday.Waterisahumanrightandeveryoneshouldhavetheirshare.Yetmorethan700millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavetroublegettingclean,safewater. Treatingwastewaterisagoodwaytoprovidefreshwaterforus.Anditalsohelpstheenvironmentbykeepingwasteoutofriversandoceans.80%ofwastewateraroundtheworldisnottreatedatall,anditisrunningintooceans.Butnowwehavegotthetechnologytotreatandreusethewastewater.While75%ofourplanetiscoveredwithwater,only2%isfreshwater–thatcomesfromrivers,lakes,iceandsnow.Therest,98%ofthewater,isinseasandoceans.Itistoosaltytodrink.Thendesalinationbusinessescomein.Morethan19,000factorieshavebeenbuiltaroundtheworld,mostlyincoastalcountries.Theyprocess(加工)morethan92milliontonsofwatereveryday.Butthetechnologytheyuserequiresalotofenergy. Scientistsareworkingtocreatealesscostlytechnology.Theywanttoproduce20timesmorecleanwaterandmakesureeveryonehasenough.Butfornow,theworldstillfaceseachdaywithnothavingenoughwaterforeveryone.83.Howmanypeoplehaveredoubleingettingcleanwateraroundtheworld?A.Under10million. B.Only19million.C.About92million. D.Over700million.84.Treatingwastewaterhelpstheenvironmentby________.A.storingwasteiniceandsnow B.lettingwasterunintooceansC.keepingwasteoutofricersandoceans D.sendingwastetocoastalcountries85.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“desalination”inParagraph3mean?A.遠洋運輸 B.潮汐發(fā)電 C.食鹽銷售 D.海水淡化86.Atpresent,thetechnologytoprocesswater________.A.needsmuchenergy B.savesmuchmoneyC.satisfieseveryone D.causespollution87.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Watershouldbeahumanright. B.Thewaterproblemisstillserious.C.Ourplanetiscoveredwithwater. D.Everyonehasenoughcleanwater.體裁：說明文話題：環(huán)境保護詞數(shù)：217【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。盡管我們這個世界有75%的水覆蓋，但是能飲用的水卻少之又少，有許多人面臨缺水的窘境，可是，我們每天卻生產(chǎn)大量廢水，因此將廢水循環(huán)利用顯得尤為重要。人們紛紛在想方設計處理廢水，以達到每個人都有水喝的目的?！敬鸢浮?3-87DCDAB【解析】83.D細節(jié)理解題。從第一段“Yetmorethan700millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavetroublegettingclean,safewater.”知，世界上還有超過7億人缺少干凈、安全的飲用水。故選D。84.C細節(jié)理解題。從第二段“Anditalsohelpstheenvironmentbykeepingwasteoutofriversandoceans.”知，處理廢水工程也能通過阻止廢水進入河里和海洋幫助保護環(huán)境。故選C。85.D詞義猜測題。從劃線單詞前一句“Itistoosaltytodrink.”知，海洋水太咸了不能飲用。因此海水淡化業(yè)務就跟進了。故選D。86.A推理判斷題。從第三段“Butthetechnologytheyuserequiresalotofenergy.”知，加工水的技術(shù)需要很多能量，而這些能量是需要錢的。由此推知，加工水需要許多錢。故選A。87.B推理判斷題。閱讀最后一段知，科學家正在考慮減少加工水的技術(shù)成本，但到現(xiàn)在為止，世界任然每天面臨每個人都沒有足夠的水的風險。由此推知，現(xiàn)在水問題仍然是一個嚴重的問題。故選B。三、閱讀理解（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項,A(2019江蘇連云港)SeaWorldSSeaWorldcelebrates50yearswithaSeaofSurprises.StepunderthewavesatSeaWorldSanDiego’sall-newExplorers’Reef.Go“hand-in”totouchashark,acrab,orthousandsoftinycleanerfishthatwillbiteplayfullyatyourfingers.Andyoucanenjoyanall-newShamu’sCelebration:LightUpTheNightshow.TOUR:A14ADULT:$111CHILD(3-10):$105SanDiegoZooTakeawalkonthewildsideattheSanDiegoZoowithoneofthemostkindsofwildanimalsintheworld.TheSanDiegoZoocovers100acresandbrings4,000animals,representing800kinds；togetherinoneplace.TheZoohassomeofthemostbeautifulandrarecreaturesintheworldandoffersyouagreatchancetovisitwildanimals.TOUR:A13ADULT:$90CHILD(3-11):$72LegolandCaliforniaOfferingafulldayofwonderfuladventures,Legolandgivesfun,imagination,andentertainmenttotoday’syoungstersandtheirfamilies.AtLegolandCaliforniaeveryoneinthefamilybecomesaheroonmorethan50superrides,showsandattractions.TOUR:A16ADULT:$109CHILD(2-12):$104UniversalStudiosHollywoodGobehindthescenesontheworldfamousStudioTourtoexplorewhereHollywoodmoviesaremade.Then，faceexcitingrides,showsandattractionsthatputyouinsidesomeoftheworld’sbiggestmovies.TOUR:A6ADULT:$138CHILD(3-12):$9631. Tom,aged11，whohasonlyS100andiscrazyaboutrides,canchooseTour______________.A. A6 B.A13 C.A14 D.A1632. Itcanbeknownfromthepassagesthat___________.A.visitorscanstepunderthewavesandenjoy50showsandattractionsatSeaWorldB.theSanDiegoZoocovers100acreswithoneofthemostkindsofwildanimalsintheworldC.youngstersandtheirfamiliescanenjoyahalfdayofwonderfuladventuresinLegolandD.youwillbeputinsidealloftheworld’sbiggestmoviesinUniversalStudiosHollywood33. Thefourpassagesaboveprobablycomefrom____________.A.asportsreport B.astorybookC.asciencemagazine D.anadvertisementposter體裁：應用文話題：海報——旅游景點介紹詞數(shù)：235【主旨大意】本文介紹了海洋世界，加州樂高樂園，圣地亞哥動物園，好萊塢環(huán)球影城四處景點的旅游項目和門票價格?！敬鸢浮?1-33ABD【解析】31.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關鍵詞“aged11,onlyS100和ride”可知，湯姆11歲，非常喜歡騎馬，并且身上只有一百元，從這三個條件中去尋找適合的。先從價格上排除A和D兩項；A6中含有ride項目的。故選A。32.B細節(jié)理解題。A項：游客們可以在海底享受50場海洋世界的表演和景點。與海報內(nèi)容不符，排除。B項：圣地亞哥動物園占地100英畝，是世界上野生動物種類最多的動物園之一。與海報內(nèi)容相符。C項：孩子們和家人可以在樂高樂園享受半天的奇妙冒險，與海報內(nèi)容不符。D項：你將置身于好萊塢環(huán)球影城世界上最大的電影中，與海報內(nèi)容不符。故選B。33.D推理判斷題。分析四個方框中的內(nèi)容可知，它們都是旅游景點介紹，屬于海報類。故選D。B(2019江蘇連云港)ThenAlicesawasmallglasstable.Therewasalittlegoldenkeyonit.Shepickeditupandputitinallthelocksonthedoorsbutitdidn’topenanyofthem.Shemovedacurtainononeofthewallsanddiscoveredanotherdoor,averysmallone.Sheputthekeyinthelock.Itwasexactlytherightsize!Sheopenedthedoorandlookedthroughit.Attheendofalowpassageshesawabeautifulgarden.Itwasfullofbrightlycolouredflowersandfountains.‘Oh,howbeautiful!’shesaid.‘I’dlovetogotherebutI’mtoobigtogetthroughthedoor.’Shewalkedbacktothetable.Therewasabottleonitnow.‘I’msurethatbottlewasn’ttherebefore，’shesaid,alittleconfused.Sheputdownthekeyandpickedupthebottle.Shereadthewords“DRINKME”onit.Alicewasn’tastupidgirl.Shedidn’tdrinkitimmediately.Firstshelookedatthebottlecarefully.Therewasn’talabelonitthatsaid“POISON”.Sosheputthebottletoherlipsanddrank.‘Mmm，it’snice，’shesaid,ittastedlikecherrytart,pineapple,roastturkeyandtoast—allthethingsthatshelikedtocat—soshedranksomemore.Andsomemore.Soonthebottlewasempty.‘Whatacuriousfeeling，’shesaid.I’mgettingsmallerandsmaller.’Itwastrue!ShewasnowassmallashercatDinah.‘Good!Icangothroughthedoorintothegarden,’shesaid.But,poorAlice!Whenshegottothedoor,shedidn’thavethekey!Itwasonthetable.Shecouldn’treachitbecauseshewastoosmallnow.Shesatdownandcried.Afterawhileshesaid,‘Alice!’‘Stopcrying!Cryingdoesn’thelp!Dryyourtearsimmediately!’Whenshelookedatthetableagain，shesawasmallglassboxunderit.Shepickeditupandopenedit.Therewasasmallcakeinside.Ithadthewords“EATME”onit.Sheputasmallpieceofitinhermouth.‘IfIgrowbiggerIcanreachthekey,’shethought.‘AndifIgrowsmallerIcangounderthedoor.’Butnothinghappenedsoshefinishedit.34. Fromthepassagewecanknowthat______________.A. atfirstAlicecouldgothroughthedoorintothegardeneasilyB. thenAlicefoundtherewasalittlegoldenkeyonasmallwoodentableC. AlicewasassmallasherrabbitDinahaftershedranksomethinginthebottleD. Alicesawasmallglassboxwithasmallcakeinitunderthetable35. Alicedidthefollowingthingsintheorderof__________.a. Shesawabeautifulgardenattheendofalowpassage.b. Shemovedacurtainanddiscoveredanotherdoor.c. Sheputasmallpieceofthecakeinhermouth.d. Sheputthebottletoherlipsanddrank.e. Shecriedbecauseshecouldn’treachthekey.A.a-b-c-d-e B.b-a-d-e-c C.d-a-b-c-c D.b-d-c-a-c36. Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto__________.A.thesmallbox B.theglasstable C.thesmallcake D.thegoldenkey37. Accordingtothepassage,thebestwordstodescribeAliceare___________A.carefulandbrave B.curiousandhelpfulC.cleverandfriendly D.organizedandstrange體裁：記敘文話題：故事——愛麗絲歷險記詞數(shù)：408【主旨大意】本文節(jié)選《愛麗絲夢游仙境》，講述了小姑娘愛麗絲歷險的故事?！敬鸢浮?4-37DBCA【解析】34.D細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段中“shesawasmallglassboxunderit.Shepickeditupandopenedit.Therewasasmallcakeinside.”可知，本題答案為D。其他三個選項與原文不符。35.B細節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，愛麗絲發(fā)現(xiàn)另一個門，通過門看到一個漂亮的花園，門太小過不去，找到一瓶飲料，喝了飲料身子變小，身子變小了夠不到了桌子上的鑰匙，發(fā)現(xiàn)一塊面包。故選B。36.C詞義猜測題。由上一段中“‘IfIgrowbiggerIcanreachthekey,’shethought.”可知，愛麗絲想變大，但是，她把面包吃完了，什么也沒發(fā)生。這里的it指面包。故選C。37.A推理判斷題。從文中的句子“Alicewasn’tastupidgirl.Shedidn’tdrinkitimmediately.Firstshelookedatthebottlecarefully.”可知，愛麗絲很細心；從喝過飲料之后身子變小她也沒有驚慌失措，說明她很勇敢。故選A。C(2019江蘇連云港)Youthinkit’s“cool”tocarryyourbackpacksandheadouttoschool,don’tknowexactlyhowtochoose,load,liftandwearthem—theseaaccessories（配件）canbeapainintheback.Nottomentiontheneck,headanBackpackscaninfluenceyourhealth.Carryingaheavyloadimproperlypoorbodyposition;andevenhurtthespinalcolumn（脊柱）.Thiscancausemusclestrain,headaches,back,neckandarmpain.Forexample,ifitiscarriedononeshoulder,aheavybackpackforcesthemusclesandspinetobalancetheunequalweight.Thismayincreasethepossiblebackproblemslaterinlife.Morethan50percentofyoungpeoplesufferbackpainbytheirteenageyears.Researchshowsthatthiscouldbemainlycausedbyimproperuseofbackpacks.Here’ssomeadvicetohelpyoucarrybackpackscomfortablyandsafely.Choosetherightbackpack.Forgetleather（皮革）！Itlooksgreat,butit'sfartooheavy.Goforcanvas（帆布）.Pickapackthathastwowide,adjustable,comfortableshoulderstraps（帶子），alongwithahiporwaiststrap,andplentyofpockets.Makesurethepackfitsproperlyanditssizeissuitableforthewearer’sbody.Packingitproperly.Onlyputinthepackwhatisneededforthatday.It’sagoodideatoknowwhateachobjectweighs.Thetotalweightofthefilledpackshouldbenomorethan10to15percentofthewearer’sownbodyweight.Packheaviestobjectsclosetothebody,andplacelittleonesoutside,awayfromtheback.Puttingthebackpackon.Putthepackonasmoothsurface,atwaistheight.Putonthepack,oneshoulderatatime,thenadjust（調(diào)整）thestrapstofitcomfortably.Rememberwhenliftingabackpack,oranything,toliftusingthearmsandlegsandtobendattheknees.Therightwaytowearabackpack.Bothshoulderstrapsshouldbeused,andadjustedsothatthepackfitsthebody,withouthangingtooneside.Backpacksshouldneverbewornoverjustoneshoulder.Youshouldbeabletomoveyourhandsbetweenthebackpackandyourback.Thewaiststrapshouldalsobeworn.Taketheaboveadvice,andyoumaynotcomplainbackpain,numbnessorweaknessinyourarmsandlegsanymore.38. Whatcouldmainlycausesomeyoungpeopletosufferbackpainbytheirteenageyears?A. Toomuchhomework. B.Poortreatmentforbacks.C.Improperuseofbackpacks. D.Unhealthysleepposition.39. Whichofthefollowingdoesthewritersuggest?① Chooseleatherbackpacksbecauseitlooks“cool”togotoschool.② Pickapackthatitssizeissuitableforthewearer’sbody.③ Makesurethebackpackcontainsonlywhatisneededforthatday.④ Packheaviestobjectsclosetothebody,andplacelittleonesoutside.⑤ Putthepackonasmoothsurface,abovethewaistheight.A.①②④ B.①③⑤C.②③④D.②③⑤40. Ifaboyweighs40kg,howheavyshouldhisfilledbackpackbeatmost?A.About4kg. B.About6kg. C.About10kg. D.About15kg.41. Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A. Someproblemsthatteenagersfaceintheirstudyatschool.B. Thesuitablebackpackmaterialthatyoushouldchoose.C. Thegoodinfluencethatbackpackshaveonyourhealth.D. Someadviceonhowtocarrybackpackscomfortablyandsafely.體裁：說明文話題：77.科普知識詞數(shù)：411【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了關于背包的使用不當會造成肌肉拉傷、頭痛、背部、頸部和手臂疼痛等癥狀，作者給出了一些關于正確使用背包的建議?！敬鸢浮?8—41CCBD【解析】38.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第三段中Researchshowsthatthiscouldbemainlycausedbyimproperuseofbackpacks.可知，背包的使用不當是主要原因?qū)е乱恍┠贻p人在青少年時期遭受腰痛，故選C。39.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第五段Makesurethepackfitsproperlyanditssizeissuitableforthewearer’sbody.可知，②是正確的；第六段中Onlyputinthepackwhatisneededforthatday.和最后一句Packheaviestobjectsclosetothebody,andplacelittleonesoutside,awayfromtheback.可知，③④正確，故選C。40.B計算題。根據(jù)短文第六段中Thetotalweightofthefilledpackshouldbenomorethan10to15percentofthewearer’sownbodyweight.可知，填充包的總重量不應超過佩戴者自身體重的10%至15%。一個人體重40公斤，那么他的背包總重量最多是6公斤，故選B。41.D主旨大意題。文章主要講述的是關于如何正確使用背包的方法，故D符合題意。D(2019江蘇連云港)Thehumanbodyisamachinethatcanraiselotsofinterestingquestions.Why,forexample,areyawns（呵欠）contagious（傳染的）？What’supwithice-creamheadaches?Hereareanswerstotheseandotherquestionsaboutourbodies.WhydoIgetaheadachewhenIeaticecreamtooquickly?Scientistsaren’texactlysurewhatcausesthebrainfreezewhenweeaticecreamorothersuper-coldfoodstooquickly,thoughsomebelieveit’stheresultofchangedbloodflowinthenervoussystem.Bloodvesselsintheheadtightentostopthelossofbodyheatandthenrelaxtoletbloodflowrise;thatsuddenrushofbloodiswhatcausestheheadache.Youcanimproveanice-creamheadachebyrapidlyrubbingyourtongueacrosstheroofofyourmouthtohelpwarmupthings.WhatcausesmystomachtomakealowcontinuousnoisewhenI’mhungry?Actually,yourstomachmakesnoisewhetheryou’rehungryorfull;youjusthearitmoreclearlywhenyou’rehungry.Thinkofyourdigestivetract（消化道）asareallylongtubelinedwithsmoothmuscletissue.Thesemusclesmovefood,fluidsandgasthroughyourdigestivetract._________________________________.Itcanmakeyoufeelembarrassed（尷尬的）butisnothingtoworryabout.WhydoIblushwhenI’membarrassed?Whenyou’reembarrassed,yourbrainreleasesashotofadrenaline（腎上腺素），whichmakesyourheartraceandbloodvesselsbecomelargerinsize.Allthishappenstoincreasebloodflowandoxygendeliverythroughoutthebodyinafight-or-flightreaction（抗反）.Therearealotoftinybloodvesselsinyourface,whichturnnoticeablyredderfromthissuddenrushofblood.Asfortheactualfunctionofblushing,researchersarestilltryingtofindthatoneout.Whyareyawnscontagious?Haveyoueveryawnedinfrontofsomeone,onlytohavethemyawnrightback?It’sacommonthing,butresearchersdon’thaveagoodexplanationforit.Theydo,however,knowthishappensonlywithhumansandchimpanzees（黑猩猩）.Abiggerquestionpuzzlingscientistsiswhyweyawnatall.Itusedtobethoughtthatyawningshowedthatoxygentothebrainwasnotenough,butthat’sjustamyth.Agrowingbodyofresearchnowshowsthatyawningisnature’swayofkeepingourbrainscool.42. Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordtighten?A.變松 B.變緊 C.變短 D.變長43. Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbefilledintheblank?A. Andthat’swhatyou’rehearingwhenyourstomachmakesnoise.B. Andthat’swhyyou’resohungrywhenyourstomachisempty.C. Andthat’swhatmakesyoufeeluncomfortablewhenyou’refull.D. Andthat’showitmakesadifferencetoyourdigestivetract.44. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A. Thereisnowayforyoutoimproveanice-creamheadache.B. Researchershavefoundouttheactualfunctionofblushing.C. Yourstomachmakesnoiseonlywhenyouarehungry.D. Researchersdon’thaveagoodexplanationforwhyyawnsarecontagious.45. Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.SomeInterestingFacts B.OurStrangeBodyC.SomeUsefulDiscoveries D.OurAmazingFeelings體裁：科普說明文話題：13.衛(wèi)生與健康41.身體部位77.科普知識詞數(shù)：419【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了我們的身體器官的一些奇怪的現(xiàn)象，并對這些現(xiàn)象作出了一些科學的解釋。【答案】42—45BADB【解析】42.B猜詞大意題。根據(jù)第三段中Bloodvesselsintheheadtightentostopthelossofbodyheatandthenrelaxtoletbloodflowrise.可知，頭部的血管收緊，以阻止身體熱量的流失……，由此可知單詞tighten意為“變緊”，故選B。43.A填空題。根據(jù)第五段中Itcanmakeyoufeelembarrassed（尷尬的）butisnothingtoworryabout.可知，肚子發(fā)出的響聲讓人感到尷尬，故選A。44.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文最后一段It’sacommonthing,butresearchersdon’thaveagoodexplanationforit.可知，研究人員沒有對打哈欠會傳染作出一個好的解釋，故D項表述是正確的。45.B標題歸納題。本文主要講述了關于我們身體的器官會有一些奇怪的問題，并對這些問題給出了一些科學的解釋，故B項能概括文章大意。A(2019·江蘇南京)WILLTHEWORLDAT12:01A.M.onJan.1,2019becompletelydifferentfromhowitwasat11:59p.m.onDec.31,2018?Notreally.Butpeoplemakeabigdealofflipping(翻動)overthecalendar.Forexample,youmakeaNewYearresolution,apromisetoyourselfthatyou’lltrytobebetterintheyearahead.Maybethatmeansbeingnicertoyourfamilymembers,orreadingnewsmoreoften.Myresolutionistohaveapet.Myfavouritepetisinthepuzzleontheright.Trytofindit.THERULES1.Youmayonlymoveacrossordown.2.Yourpathmustspelloutrealwords!26. SamEhrenwrotethispassageon_______.A.Jan.l,2019 B.Jan.1,2018C.Dec.30,2018 D.Dec.31,201827. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resolution”meaninthepassage?A.Promise. B.Entertainment. C.Humour. D.Secret.28. Fromthepuzzle,wecanfindthewriter'sfavouritepetisa_______.A.mouse B. dog C.cat D. bird體裁：說明文話題(20)游戲與休閑話題(22)娛樂活動詞數(shù)：114【主旨大意】本文是小品文。2018年底12月31日的11:59和2019年1月1日的12:01，在時間維度上相差的一分鐘沒有什么大的差別，但對人們來說是翻過了日歷的一頁。新年伊始人們開始許下新年美好的愿望，作者要求根據(jù)圖示猜測其新年決心要擁有的寵物是什么。本文是一篇說明文。作者認為跟時間微差異一樣，我們許下小愿望就應該為之付諸行動?！敬鸢浮?6—28CAC【解析】26.C細節(jié)理解題。從圖片下面一行字“BySAMEHRENDEC.30.2018”提示，直接得出制圖的時間是Dec.30,2018。故選C。27.A詞義推測題。題干意為：文中帶下劃線的“resolution”是什么意思？根據(jù)后半句apromisetoyourselfthatyou’lltrytobebetterintheyearahead.的描述，可以知道resolution和promise意思相當。故選A。28.C細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：從拼圖中，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)作者最喜歡的寵物是什么。把四個選項和字謎和移動規(guī)則相比對，可以較容易得出答案是cat。故選C。B(2019·江蘇南京)MikeIsaacandIarereportersofStudentDaily.Forthetopicsofournewspapernextmonth,wevisitedSunshineElementarySchoolonMay10.Weinterviewedsomestudentsandhereiswhattheysaid.29. WhatdidMikeIsaacandthewritervisitSunshineElementarySchool for?A. Forenvironment protection. B.Forwildlifeprotection.C. Forgoodmannersinschool. D.Fortopicsofthenewspaper.30. WhatmaycausepeopletobemadatoneanotherinAndrewVargas'sopinion?A.Losingmoreoxygen B.Speakinginaloudvoice.C.Cuttingdownmoretree.D.Huntingtigersformedicine.31. Whotalkedabouthealth?A. JoslynFrace.B.JaydenMitchell.C.AndrewVargas.D.JosephTruong.體裁：應用文話題8.人際交往話題(42)體育健身話題(72)人與自然話題(74)環(huán)境保護詞數(shù)：187【主旨大意】這是一篇應用文。作者和邁克?艾薩克作為學生日報的記者，為了征集報紙下個月的主題。他們于5月10日訪問了陽光小學的四個小學生，讓他們“說出你的想法”，傾聽他們真實的心聲?！敬鸢浮?9—31DBB【解析】29.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Forthetopicsofournewspapernextmonth,wevisitedSunshineElementarySchoolonMay10.的交代，for后面跟的就是目的，即Fortopicsofthenewspaper。故選D。30.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干可以迅速定位到AndrewVargas小氣泡里尋找到答案：Whenpeopleareloud,itcausesthemtobemadatoneanother.故選B。31.B細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：誰談論健康？JaydenMitchell的話中有：Noteveryoneishealthy,soweshouldhavemoreexercise.等描述。故選B。C(2019·江蘇南京)Q:Atrecess（課間休息）,Idon’tknowwhattodobecauseallmyfrinesareplayinggamesIdon’tlikeordon’twanttoplay.SoIendupstandingbymyselfatrecessdoingnothing.WhatshouldIdo?AlexRider,13,Bloomfield,N.J.A:Doyoubelieveintimetravel,Alex?Becauseyoujustdraggedme40yearsintothepast.WhenIwas13,halfmyfriendsthrewthemselvesintokickballatrecess—whichwastoovigorous(劇烈的A:Doyoubelieveintimetravel,Alex?Becauseyoujustdraggedme40yearsintothepast.WhenIwas13,halfmyfriendsthrewthemselvesintokickballatrecess—whichwastoovigorous(劇烈的)formerightafterlunch.So,likeyou,Istoodaroundalot.Then,oneday,myteacher,Susie,askedme,“Whatdoyouwanttodo?”Ihadnoanswerforher.Butsuddenly,itcametome:marbles!Iaskedafewfriends,andtheywerehappytojoinme.Now,I’mnotsuggestingyouplaymarbles,onlythatyouconsiderwhatyoufeellikedoingandcan