中外文化比較專(zhuān)題智慧樹(shù)知到期末考試答案2024年

中外文化比較專(zhuān)題智慧樹(shù)知到期末考試答案2024年中外文化比較專(zhuān)題Inuncertaintyavoidancesociety,()

A:PeoplehaveahighdegreeofdemocraticneedforsecurityB:CompaniesencourageemployeestobecreativeC:PeoplebelieveinabsoluteloyaltyandexpertiseD:Corporateactivitiesarestronglystructuredandtherearemanywrittenregulations答案:CompaniesencourageemployeestobecreativeLongtermorientationstandsforthefosterinasocietyofpragmaticvirtuesorientedtofuturerewards.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確Alegalprecedentinonedistrictcourtisnotbindinginanothercourt.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確Accordingtosurveyin2002,theimageoflawyersintheUSisnotquitepositive.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確WesternmedicineisaNaturalScience.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確TheaverageincomeoflawyersinBeijingisabouttwiceasmuchasthatofalloccupationsin2019.()

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確Comparedwithwesternmedicine,traditionalChinesemedicinepaysmoreattentiontothepreventionofdisease.（

）

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確Ajudgeisachiefinvestigatorbothincivillawcourtandcommonlawcourttrials.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:錯(cuò)Syndromedifferentiationandtreatment(辯證論治)isoneoftheoreticalcharacteristicsofTCM.()

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確IndividualismvscollectivismistheculturaldimensionthatcanbemeaningfullyusedtodistinguishAmericanculturefromChineseculture.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確InTCM,peoplebelieve“Seeingisbelieving”,andthatexperimentisbetterthanexperience.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:錯(cuò)誤Inwesternmedicine,peopleordoctorspaymuchattentiontothemicroandisolatedelements.()

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確Inancienttimes,itwasmainlythroughthepulsediagnosisofTCMtoseewhetherafemaleispregnantornot..()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確Inthehighpowerdistancesocieties,theyhavespontaneousinnovations.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:錯(cuò)誤Cultureisaverylargeandevasiveconceptandthatthereisnotoneaspectofhumanlifethatisnottouchedandalteredbyculture.(）

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確Interculturalcommunicationjustreferstothecommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcountries,likeonebetweenaChineseandanAmericanperson.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:錯(cuò)誤Thehighertheindividualismvscollectivismscore,themoreinclineditistocollectivism.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:錯(cuò)“Fiveprinciplesofpeacefulcoexistence“isthefoundationofChina’sforeignpolicy.()

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確Infemininesocieties,workisanacceptableexcusetoneglectsthefamily.()

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:錯(cuò)誤LawyersinEnglandareeithersolicitorsorbarristers.（

）

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確BookofPunishment(Xingshu)isthefirstwrittenlawinChinesehistory.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確Askingandcomparingeachother’sageonsomeinformaloccasionsisstillacceptableinChinanow.（）

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確ThedifferentnationalheroesrespectivelypraisedinChinaandAmericaindicatethecontrastiveculturalvaluesinthetwocultures.()

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確TraditionalChinesemedicinesuggeststhatdiseasesarecausedbyinharmonybetweenhumanbodyandtheenvironmentortheirdisequilibriumbetweeninternalorgans.()

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確Evennow,collectivismisbelievedtobethecorevalueofChineseculture.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確MorethanhalfofthepresidentsinthehistoryoftheUShavealaw-relatedbackground.()

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確Incollectivisticcultures,individualsarerequiredtobeloyaltothegroupandthegroupisnotsupposedtotakecareoftheindividualmembers.()

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:錯(cuò)誤Inindividualisticcultures,peopleemphasizeaweconsciousnessandasenseofbelonging.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:錯(cuò)Culturalvalueshelpshapepeople’spersonalities,andeveninfluencethewaypeoplespeak.()

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確Precisionmedicine(精準(zhǔn)醫(yī)療)isamethodofdiseasepreventionandtreatmentthattakesintoaccountthedifferencesofindividualgenes,environmentandlivinghabits.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確WhichisthecharacteristicofWesternmedicine().

A:evidence-basedreasoning(循證推理)B:personalizeddiagnosisandtreatmentC:empiricalintuition(經(jīng)驗(yàn)直覺(jué))D:broadbranches答案:AI參考:正確答案是B:personalizeddiagnosisandtreatment。\n\n選項(xiàng)A和D與西方醫(yī)學(xué)的特點(diǎn)無(wú)關(guān)，選項(xiàng)C是中醫(yī)的特點(diǎn)。西方醫(yī)學(xué)的特點(diǎn)是針對(duì)個(gè)體化的診斷和治療，即根據(jù)病人的具體情況制定個(gè)性化的治療方案，因此選項(xiàng)B是正確答案。'（)requirethatindividualsbeloyaltothegroup,andinturn,thegroupistotakecareoftheindividualmembers.Inthesecultures,peopleemphasizeaweconsciousnessandasenseofbelonging.

A:IndividualisticculturesB:Status-orientedculturesC:Person-orientedculturesD:Collectivisticcultures答案:AI參考:正確答案是D：Collectivisticcultures。\n集體主義文化強(qiáng)調(diào)的是個(gè)體對(duì)群體的忠誠(chéng)，同時(shí)群體也照顧個(gè)體成員，這種文化中，人們強(qiáng)調(diào)一種我們意識(shí)及歸屬感。因此，選項(xiàng)D“集體主義文化”是正確答案。選項(xiàng)A個(gè)人主義文化、選項(xiàng)B以地位為導(dǎo)向的文化和選項(xiàng)C以人為導(dǎo)向的文化均與題干中描述的文化特征不符。'（）istheextenttowhichthemembersofacultureofanationalsociety,afeelthreatenedbyambiguousandunknownsituations.

A:IndividualismB:LongtermorientationC:UncertaintyavoidingD:Powerdistance答案:AI參考:C:Uncertaintyavoiding\n\nUncertaintyavoidingreferstotheextenttowhichpeopleinacultureperceiveanddealwithambiguityandunknownsituationsinafearfulornervousmanner.Inotherwords,itreferstotheextenttowhichmembersofaculturalornationalsocietyfeelthreatenedbyambiguousandunknownsituations.答案是C不確定回避，指的是文化或民族社會(huì)中的成員以恐懼或緊張的方式感知和處理模糊和未知情況的程度。它衡量的是一個(gè)人對(duì)模糊和未知情況的處理方式，而不是個(gè)人的性格特征。因此，選項(xiàng)C是正確答案。'Commonlawsystemisalsocalled（

）？

A:Anglo-AmericanlawsystemB:continentallawsystemC:RomanlawsystemD:civillawsystem答案:AI參考:正確答案是【A:Anglo-Americanlawsystem】。\n\n普通法系又稱英美法系，以英國(guó)普通法為基礎(chǔ)發(fā)展起來(lái)的法律的總稱，主要包括英國(guó)、美國(guó)和加拿大等國(guó)家的法律。故答案為A。'WhocannotbeconsideredinlegalprofessioninChina?()

A:NotariesB:CityMayorC:ProsecutorD:Lawyers答案:AI參考:正確答案是D:Lawyers。\n律師屬于法律職業(yè)，而A選項(xiàng)公證人不是法律職業(yè)；B選項(xiàng)市長(zhǎng)是公務(wù)員；C選項(xiàng)檢察官是公務(wù)員的一種。只有D選項(xiàng)符合。所以選D，中國(guó)不認(rèn)可“notaries”（公證人）、“citymayor”（市長(zhǎng)）、“Prosecutor”（檢察官），但是認(rèn)可“l(fā)awyers”（律師）的職業(yè)地位。\n\n這個(gè)問(wèn)題不用做復(fù)雜的背景分析，只要了解每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的具體含義就可以輕松選擇出正確答案。'WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?()

A:People’sjurorsinChinaserveafive-yeartermwithnoconsecutiveservices(不連任)B:ThecommonlawsystemisalsocalledcaselawsystemorRomanlawsystem.C:providedlegalserviceforpeopleandstartedthecareerof“zhuangshi”inancientChina.D:Theadversarialsystemandtheinquisitorialsystemappliedincourttrialsadoptdifferentapproachesbutpursuethesamepurpose.E:DengXi(770BC-501B答案:AI參考:正確答案是E:DengXi(770BC-501B)。\n這道題考察的是對(duì)中國(guó)法律制度的了解，其中A、B、C、D選項(xiàng)都是關(guān)于中國(guó)法律制度的正確描述，而E選項(xiàng)關(guān)于DengXi的時(shí)間描述有誤，所以E選項(xiàng)是唯一不正確的選項(xiàng)。'（）isthewriterofthebookWhenChinaRulesTheWorld:TheRiseOfTheMiddleKingdomAndTheEndOfWesternCivilization(2010).

A:GeertHofstdedB:MarioMontiC:EdwardHallD:MartinJacques答案:AI參考:正確答案是D:MartinJacques。\n\n根據(jù)題目中的信息，該書(shū)作者是MartinJacques，因此D選項(xiàng)是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)中，GeertHofstded、MarioMonti和EdwardHall都不是該書(shū)的作者。'Whichofthefollowingisnotafruitinabotanical(植物學(xué)的)sense?()

A:CabbageB:PumpkinC:TomatoD:Cucumber答案:AI參考:正確答案是A:cabbage。\n\n在植物學(xué)的意義上，蔬菜通常不被視為水果，而cabbage（卷心菜）屬于蔬菜，因此不是水果。而pumpkin（南瓜）、tomato（西紅柿）和cucumber（黃瓜）都是常見(jiàn)的水果。因此，答案是A。'Inthe()societies,bothfatherandmothershoulddealwithfactsandfeeling.

A:FeminineB:uncertaintyavoidingC:uncertaintyacceptingD:masculine答案:AI參考:正確答案是C:uncertaintyaccepting。\n\n在不確定性接受的社會(huì)中，父親和母親都應(yīng)該處理事實(shí)和情感。選項(xiàng)A和D都與問(wèn)題無(wú)關(guān)，選項(xiàng)B與問(wèn)題相反，因此可以排除。因此，答案為C。'InaclassicalworkofConfucianism，（），thevisionofstategovernanceisadvocated---民為邦本，本固邦寧---peoplearethefoundationofastate,whichcanenjoypeaceonlywhenitsfoundationisfirm.

A:BookofChanges《易經(jīng)》B:BookofRites《禮記》C:BookofSongs《詩(shī)經(jīng)》D:BookofDocuments《尚書(shū)》答案:AI參考:正確答案是B:BookofRites《禮記》。\n\n在儒家經(jīng)典著作中，民為邦本，本固邦寧是治理國(guó)家的理念，強(qiáng)調(diào)人民是國(guó)家的基礎(chǔ)，只有基礎(chǔ)穩(wěn)固才能實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)家的安寧。選項(xiàng)中，《禮記》是最符合描述的書(shū)籍。其他選項(xiàng)中的《易經(jīng)》《詩(shī)經(jīng)》《尚書(shū)》雖然在某些方面有重要價(jià)值，但并未涉及治國(guó)理念的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。因此，正確答案為B：BookofRites《禮記》。'Ina（）society,individualsfrombirthonwardsareconsideredamemberofthegroup.

A:collectivismB:higherpowerdistance.C:individualism.D:lowerpowerdistance.答案:AI參考:正確答案是C:individualism.。\n\n在個(gè)人主義社會(huì)中，從出生開(kāi)始就被視為群體成員的個(gè)人。因此，選項(xiàng)C“individualism”是正確答案。collectivism（集體主義）強(qiáng)調(diào)集體利益高于個(gè)人利益，而higherpowerdistance（更高的權(quán)力距離）和lowerpowerdistance（較低的權(quán)力距離）與個(gè)人主義無(wú)關(guān)。'WhichofthefollowingisNOTgoodforclearingthe“fire”oftheheart？()

A:greenbeansporridge（綠豆粥）B:Bittergourd(苦瓜)C:lotusseedsoup(蓮子湯)D:Ginger（生姜）答案:AI參考:選項(xiàng)C:lotusseedsoup(蓮子湯)不利于清“心火”。\n\n蓮子心是寒性的，具有降火作用，但是主要是針對(duì)“腎火”“肝火”，對(duì)于“心火”效果一般，所以對(duì)于清“心火”最好的食物是苦瓜、綠豆、生姜等。蓮子心雖然也有一定的降心火的作用，但是并不適合所有人群，特別是體質(zhì)偏寒、脾胃虛寒的人群不適合服用。因此，蓮子湯并不能很好地清“心火”，所以不是最佳選擇。'In（）,individualautonomyisregardedinanextremelyfavorableway.Inthesecultures,individualsareencouragedtobeuniqueandindependentratherthan