Environmental Biotechnology智慧樹(shù)知到答案2024年哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)

EnvironmentalBiotechnology哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)智慧樹(shù)知到答案2024年緒論單元測(cè)試

Whichofthefollowingsayingarecorrect（

）.

A:

Empiricismisveryimportantinenvironmentalbiotechnologybesidestheprinciplesofmicrobiologyandengineering.B:Microbiologicaltreatmenttechnologiesdevelopedatthebeginningofthe20thcentury,suchasactivatedsludgeandanaerobicdigestion,remainmainstaystoday.C:Molecularbiologyisthesubstitutefortraditionalmethodsinexploringmicrobialcommunities.D:Quantificationanalysismakesprocessesreliableandcost-effective.

答案:ABD

第一章測(cè)試

Thebasicreactionsinvolvedinbacterialgrowth,including（）.

A:cellsynthesisreactions

B:energy-consumingreactions

C:fermentationreactions

D:energy-producingreactions

答案:ADInmicrobialmetabolism,NO3-andSO42-canbeusedaselectronacceptorsin（）.

A:theabsenceofATP

B:inthepresenceofcytochromes

C:theabsenceofenzymes

D:theabsenceofoxygen

答案:Dfs0+fe0=（

）.

A:1.1

B:1

C:0.9

D:2

答案:BTheamountofdonorusedforenergyproductionforcellssynthesisrelatedtobothenergyrequiredforcellsynthesisandenergyreleasedfromdonoroxidation.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:BThenetyieldYnwillsometimesequalstotrueyieldY.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:B

第二章測(cè)試

Whichofthefollowingistherightdefinitionof‘safetyfactor’inengineering?（）

A:S0/SminB:

θx/θxminC:θx/[θxmin]limD:θxmin/θx

答案:BThedecayofactivebiomassisafirst-orderfunction,includingthefractionfortruerespirationandforinert.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:BSolidsretentiontimeorsludgeageisthereciprocalofthenetspecificgrowthrate.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:BUAPisbiodegradedconsiderablyfasterthanisBAP.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:AThetrueyieldcannotbeestimatedfromexperiments.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:A

第三章測(cè)試

Theidealizedbiofilmhavingthefollowingpropertiesexcept().

A:AneffectivediffusionlayerofthicknessLrepresentsexternalmass-transportresistance.

B:HasalocallyuniformthicknessofLf.

C:Mass-transportresistanceisnotimportanttothebiofilm.

D:Thebiofilmhasauniformbiomassdensity.

答案:CThefollowingdescriptionofthefundamental“l(fā)aw”ofthesteady-statebiofilmiscorrect.()

A:Thegrowthofnewbiomassperunitareaperhour(YJ

T)isjustbalancedbythelossesperunitareab’XfLf.B:Thegrowthofnewbiomassperunitarea(YJ

)isjustbalancedbythelossesperunitarea

b’XfLf.C:Thegrowthofnewbiomassperunitareaperhour(YJ

T)isjustbalancedbythelosses.D:Thegrowthofnewbiomass(YJ

)isjustbalancedbythelossesperunitareab’XfLf.

答案:BThemodelofasteady-statebiofilmrequiressimultaneoussolutionof().

A:mass-balanceforsubstratetransporttothebiofilm.

B:mass-balanceforsubstrateinthebiofilm.

C:mass-balanceforactivebiomassinthebiofilm

D:boundaryandcontinuityconditions.

答案:ABCDThefollowingfiguresshowsthat().

A:AtsomevalueofS>Smin,theslopeofJversusSdeclinesfromnearinfinityandapproaches1.0.B:Jand

XfLf

increasesverysharplyasSincreasesslightlyaboveSmin.C:ForverylargeS,theslopeofJversusSdeclinesgraduallyandeventuallyapproachesthelimitingcaseofone-half-orderkinetics,orJ=k1/2S1/2

.D:ForSlargeenough,J(andXfLf)increasesforlargerS,becausethesubstrateconcentrationsinsidethebiofilmriseinresponsetoahigherS.

答案:ABCDTheresultofmass-transportresistanceisthatthesubstrateconcentrationsatanypositioninthebiofilmusuallyarelowerthaninthebulkliquid.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:BTwobiofilmshavingthesamephysicalthickness,shouldhavesimilarvalues.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:AThefundamentalunderstandingofasteady-statebiofilmisthatthebiomassperunitsurfacearea(XfLf)isconstantintime,andthebiomassatanyonelocationisatsteadystate.

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:AS*min

represents

thegrowthpotentialinthesteady-state-biofilmmodel,andS*min

muchlessthan1.0indicatesthenetpositivegrowthismuchgreaterthantheloss.(

)

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:BK*comparesexternalmasstransporttothemaximumutilizationrate.K*lessthan1meansthatthesubstrateutilizationiscontrolledbyexternalmasstransport.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:BFordeepbiofilm,ithasthemaximumfluxintothebiofilm.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:B

第四章測(cè)試

Whichofthefollowingshouldbebalancedinamodel?()

A:componentsinmole/L

B:COD

C:charges

D:elements

答案:BCDAnabolismisrelatedtotherateofsubstrateuptakebyayield.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:ANitriteisincludedinASM1.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:BHydrolysisisusuallysimulatedviafirstorderkinetic.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:BBothanoxicandaerobicgrowthofheterotrophsareconsideredinASM1.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:B

第五章測(cè)試

Secondaryconsumersintheactivatedsludgesysteminclude:().

A:chemolithotrophicbacteria

B:heterotrophicbacteria

C:prokaryotes

D:predators

答案:ACDWhichoneofthefollowingisthemostpopularreactorconfigurationsbeingusedinwastewatertreatmentthesedays().

A:Stepaeration

B:ConventionalAeration

C:ModifiedAeration

D:Completelymixed

答案:DTheconventionalactivatedsludgesystemcouldremoveBOD5andsuspendedsolids(SS)by()percentormoreformunicipalsewagetreatment.

A:90

B:75

C:80

D:85

答案:DForaconventionaldesignfortheactivatedsludgetreatmentofdomesticsewage,theF/Mratiosuggestedis0.25to0.5kgBOD5perdayperkgMLSS.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:BInmostsituations,theelectrondonor,ortheBOD,isratelimitingformicroorganismreproductionandgrowth.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:A

第六章測(cè)試

Whatisthepurposeoftheeffluentrecyclelineintwo-phasesystemoffluidized-bed?()

A:increasethebedturbulence

B:controltheBODloadingininfluent

C:supportoxygenbyoxygenatorsystem

D:controltheupwardflowvelocity

答案:CDInbiologicalcontactors(RBC),thepercentsubmergenceistoohighandmightleadto().

A:oxygendeficit

B:highersuspendsludge

C:odor

D:lowerCODineffluent

答案:ABCThemicrobialpopulationinbiofilmandactivatedsludgearedifferentinspeciesowingtothedifferencesinthemicroorganismaccumulatedformation,althoughtherearesameelectrondonorsandacceptors.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:AThechangingofinfluent(Q)isusuallycontrolledtochangthesurfaceloadingoftricklingfiltersandbiologicaltower.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:BThemediumwillnotmoveextensivelywhenitisuniforminfluidized-bedreactor.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:B

第七章測(cè)試

Advantagesofanaerobictreatmentinclude().

A:Lowproductionofwastebiologicalsolids.

B:Produceusefulendproducts.

C:Highorganicloadingispossible.

D:Highremovalefficiencywithdilutewastes.

答案:ABCThesuccessfulstart-upandoperationofananaerobicsystemrequires:().

A:Bringthesystemtotemperature.

B:AddbufferingmaterialintheformofchemicaltoprotectagainstpHdrop.

C:Fillthedigesterwithseedandwater.

D:Beginwithasmuchgoodanaerobicseedaspossible.

答案:ABCDPossiblemethodstocontroltoxicityinanaerobictreatments:().

A:Thetoxicityoflong-chainfattyacidscanbereducedbycalcium.

B:Thetoxicityofsulfidecanbereducedbygasstrippingfromthereactor.

C:Thetoxicityofsomeheavymetalscanberemovedbyadditionofsulfide.

D:MaintainingalowerpHcanreduceammoniatoxicity.

答案:ABCDWhichofthefollowingstatementsisfalseaboutthecharacteristicsofbaffledreactor:().

A:Arecyclelinecanbeaddedtoremovebiosolidsfromthelastchamberandreturnthemtothefirst.

B:Designloadingtypicallyisintherangeof4to15kgCOD/m3-d.

C:OvercomethebiosolidslossfromtheUASBsystem.

D:Wastewatermovesupwardanddownward.

答案:BEstimatingthemethaneproductionofanaerobictreatmentprocessforwastewatercontaining1.0Mglucose:().

A:0.24mol.

B:2.64mol.

C:2.4mol.

D:3.36mol.

答案:CTheprocessofanaerobictreatmentcanbebrokenintowhichofthefollowingsteps:().

A:Theconversionoftheorganicacidsandhydrogenintomethane.

B:Hydrolysisandfermentationofcomplexorganicmatterintosimpleorganicacidandhydrogen.

C:Thesimplecarbohydratesandacidsareutilizedtoobtainenergyforgrowthbyfermentingbacteria.

D:Theorganicacidsarethenpartiallyusedbyarchaelmethanogenstoconvertthemintomethane.

答案:ABAnabsoluteminimumvalueofθxtoallowstablemethanogenesisforaCSTRis:().

A:20day.

B:5day.

C:10day.

D:15day.

答案:CThecontentsofthedigestercanbeheatedthrough:().

A:Injectedsteamthroughlancesordiffusers.

B:Heatexchangerslocatedinsidethedigester.

C:Pumpingbackwarmedsludgethroughexternalheatexchangers

D:Directheatingthereactor.

答案:ABCTheprimarydesigncriterionofCSTRcontains:().

A:Detentiontime.

B:Thenetsludgeproduction.

C:Themethane-gasyield.

D:Thevolatile-solidsloadingrate.

答案:ADTheroutinemeasurementof