樹莓派撥號(hào)上網(wǎng)并實(shí)現(xiàn)路由器功能

樹莓派撥號(hào)上網(wǎng)并做路由器實(shí)現(xiàn)上網(wǎng)功能1、根本環(huán)境樹莓派b+一個(gè) 8G以上內(nèi)存卡一個(gè)軟件Win32DiskImager樹莓派鏡像2015-05-05-raspbian-wheezy.zip無(wú)線網(wǎng)卡一個(gè)EDUPEP-N8508GS黃金版迷你USB無(wú)線網(wǎng)卡樹莓派可用2、燒錄鏡像燒錄完成后插入樹莓派連接顯示器先進(jìn)行啟動(dòng)系統(tǒng)并連網(wǎng)查看ip，主要是為了下載安裝一些必要的軟件比方pppoe客戶端以及hostapd軟件，dhcp軟件等也可以其他主機(jī)下載后上傳，開機(jī)設(shè)置省略，最后遠(yuǎn)程連接樹莓派如下圖：普通用戶操作權(quán)限少因此進(jìn)行sudo提權(quán)，后切換到root用戶pi@raspberrypi~$sudopasswdrootEnternewUNIXpassword:RetypenewUNIXpassword:passwd:passwordupdatedsuccessfullypi@raspberrypi~$su-rootPassword:root@raspberrypi:~#樹莓派下載安裝軟件包格式為sudoapt-getinstall<軟件包名字>系統(tǒng)自帶vi沒(méi)有vim，習(xí)慣用vim安裝vimroot@raspberrypi:~#sudoapt-getinstallvim樹莓派實(shí)現(xiàn)pppoe撥號(hào)上網(wǎng)需要安裝以下軟件包root@raspberrypi:~#sudoapt-getinstallpppoepppoeconfpppstatusroot@raspberrypi:~#pppoeconf運(yùn)行pppoeconf命令，然后，一路點(diǎn)擊“是”就可以了，當(dāng)然中間會(huì)提示你輸入你的PPPOE上網(wǎng)帳號(hào)和密碼。root@raspberrypi:~#ifconfig #出現(xiàn)ppp0那么表示成功可以用ping命令試一試查看usb中無(wú)線網(wǎng)卡的型號(hào)，并下載相對(duì)應(yīng)的驅(qū)動(dòng)root@raspberrypi:~#lsusbBus001Device002:ID0424:9514StandardMicrosystemsCorp.Bus001Device001:ID1d6b:0002LinuxFoundation2.0roothubBus001Device003:ID0424:ec00StandardMicrosystemsCorp.Bus001Device004:ID0bda:8176RealtekSemiconductorCorp.RTL8188CUS802.11nWLANAdapterBus001Device006:ID1c4f:0003SiGmaMicroHIDcontrollerBus001Device005:ID0df0:0103這個(gè)網(wǎng)卡不是官網(wǎng)支持的因此我們要做以下操作root@raspberrypi:~#apt-getinstall-yhostapproot@raspberrypi:~#apt-getautoremovehostapdroot@raspberrypi:~#vim/etc/default/hostapd#到這個(gè)目錄下修改為以下信息因?yàn)榻?jīng)測(cè)試不安裝系統(tǒng)自帶的hostpad，就沒(méi)有下面的目錄和配置文件因此我們先安裝后卸載DAEMON_CONF="/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf"接下來(lái)安裝第三方hosapd下載hostpad：root@raspberrypi:~#wgetroot@raspberrypi:~#lsroot@raspberrypi:~#tarzxfv1.1.tar.gzroot@raspberrypi:~#cdRTL8188-hostapd-1.1/root@raspberrypi:~/RTL8188-hostapd-1.1#lsCOPYINGhostapdpatchesREADME.mdscriptssrcwpa_supplicantroot@raspberrroot@raspberrypi:~/RTL8188-hostapd-1.1/hostapd#make&&makeinstall啟動(dòng)hostapdroot@raspberrypi:~/RTL8188-hostapd-1.1/hostapd#servicehostapdrestart[ok]StoppingadvancedIEEE802.11management:hostapd.[....]StartingadvancedIEEE802.11management:hostapdioctl[RTL_IOCTL_HOSTAPD]:Invalidargument.ok修改配置文件root@raspberrypi:~#vim/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf修改注釋的兩項(xiàng)就可以了interface=wlan0ssid=zlf #wifi名channel=1#bridge=br0#WPAandWPA2configurationmacaddr_acl=0auth_algs=1ignore_broadcast_ssid=0wpa=3wpa_passphrase=zlf123456 #wifi密碼wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSKwpa_pairwise=TKIPrsn_pairwise=CCMP#Hardwareconfigurationdriver=rtl871xdrvieee80211n=1hw_mode=gdevice_name=RTL8192CUmanufacturer=Realtek安裝dhcp效勞器root@raspberrypi:~#apt-getinstall-yisc-dhcp-serverroot@raspberrypi:~#vim/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.confroot@raspberrypi:~#/etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-serverrestart填寫iptables規(guī)那么root@raspberrypi:~#vim/etc/iptables.up.rulesroot@raspberrypi:~#iptbales-tnat-APOSTROUTING-oppp0-jMASQUERADEroot@raspberrypi:~#iptables-AFORWARD-ippp0-owlan0-mstate--stateRELATED,ESTABLISHED-jACCEPTroot@raspberrypi:~#iptbales-AFORWARD-ippp0-oeth0-jACCEPTroot@raspberrypi:~#iptbaleroot@raspberrypi:~#vim/etc/network/if-pre-up.d/ipatbles#!/bin/bash此處挖了好多坑ifconfig可以看到外網(wǎng)對(duì)應(yīng)端口為ppp0，所以配置iptables時(shí)需要特別注意入口時(shí)ppp0而不是一般認(rèn)為的eth0，出口是wlan0查看網(wǎng)卡配置信息root@raspberrypi:~#ifconfig查看網(wǎng)卡指定ip信息root@raspberrypi:~#vim/etc/network/interfacesautoloifaceloinetloopbackifaceeth0inetmanualallow-hotplugwlan0ifacewlan0inetstaticautodsl-providerifacedsl-providerinetppppr