高中英語閱讀理解

高中英語閱讀理解開篇練習(xí)AlongtheriverbanksoftheAmazonandtheOrinocotherelivesabirdthatswimsbeforeitcanfly,flieslikeafatchicken,eatsgreenleaves,hasthestomachofacowandhasclaws（爪）onitswingswhenyoung.Theybuildtheirhomesabout4.6mabovetheriver,animportantfeature（特征）forthesafetyoftheyoung.Itiscalledthehoatzin.Inappearance,thebirdsofbothsexeslookverymuchalikewithbrownonthebackandcreamandredontheunderside.Theheadissmall,withalargesetoffeathersonthetop,brightredeyes,andblueskin.Itsnearestrelativesarethecommonbirds,cuckoos.Itsmoststrikingfeature,thoughisonlyfoundintheyoung.Babyhoatzinshaveaclawontheleadingedgeofeachwingandanotherattheendofeachwingtip.Usingthesefourclaws,togetherwiththebeak(喙)，theycanclimbaboutinthebushes,lookingverymuchlikeprimitivebirdsmusthavedone.Thehoatzins,however,liveinmodernworld. DuringthedriermonthsbetweenDecemberandMarchhoatzinsflyabouttheforestingroupsof20to30birds,butinApril,whentherainyseasonbegins,theycollecttogetherinsmallerlivingunitsoftwosevenbirdsforproducingpurposes. Whendangercomesintheformofasnakeofmonkey,theyounghoatzins-maybethreeinonefamily-jumpoverthesideandintotheriver.Theyswimunderaboutinthewateruntilitissafetoreturnandthen,usingtheirclaws,liftthemselvesupthroughthebranchesandbackhome.Whentheyhavelearnedtofly,theylosetheirclawsandescapetheirenemiesnotbyswimmingbutbyflyingoff,inaslowandheavyway,toaneighboringtree.62.Whatisthetestmainlyabout?A.Hoatzinsindryandrainyseasons.B.Therelativesandenemiesofhoatzins.C.PrimitivebirdsandhoatzinsoftheAmazon.D.Theappearanceandlivinghabitsofhoatzins.63.Yonghoatzinsaredifferentfromtheirparentsinthat_____.A.theylooklikeyoungcuckoos.B.theyhaveclawsonthewingsC.theyeatalotlikeacowD.theyliveonriverbanks64.Whatcanweinferaboutprimitivebirdsfromthetext?A.Theyhadclawstohelpthemclimb.B.TheycouldflylongdistancesC.Theyhadfourwingslikehoatzins.D.Theyhadaheadwithlongfeathersonthetop.65.Whydohoatzinscollecttogetherinsmallergroupswhentherainyseasoncomes?A.Tofindmorefood.B.Toprotectthemselvesbetter.C.Tokeepthemselveswarm.D.Toproducetheiryoung.解題技巧第一點(diǎn)、時間分配要清楚，比如說閱讀題，你一定要限制在每篇閱讀6-7分鐘，不能再超了，因?yàn)樵俪耍闫渌臅r間就沒有了。另外一個，一定要分題型，就是如果他是細(xì)節(jié)題，就一定要上文章中去找細(xì)節(jié)，一定要找到那句話，如果你沒有找到那個出題點(diǎn)的話，你輕易地去選往往會出錯。如果他是那種概括題的話，就一定要注意文章的首段、尾段、尾段的首句，這樣的文章細(xì)致地閱讀，能夠幫助我們的考生去把這樣的題更好地去做對。而且還有一個特點(diǎn)，高考試卷有一個非常重要的做題方法，就是排除法，英語也是一樣的、所有部分都適用、閱讀也是，就是四個選項(xiàng)中，如果他是細(xì)節(jié)題，那當(dāng)然不用說了，一定只有一個是正確答案。如果他是正誤判斷題呢，往往其中會有兩個答案都是，你會覺得這兩個答案都差不多、都很對，有兩個肯定是不對的，和細(xì)節(jié)不符。所以這樣的話，一定要用排除法，找出那兩個，然后和文章中每一句逐句地去比較，然后細(xì)致地分析它的含義，這樣的話才能夠真正把那個真的東西找出來，我們說去偽存真，才能夠把那個真正正確的答案找出來。2.先題后文，文題結(jié)合考生必須首先明白要解答什么的問題，然后帶著這些問題去閱讀短文，快速找到問題的相關(guān)信息。這樣閱讀的目的明確，有的放矢，就會大大縮短閱讀時間，提高理解的正確性。3.根據(jù)常識，巧妙排謬考生在閱讀短文之前首先讀文后的試題及選項(xiàng)，同時應(yīng)根據(jù)我們所學(xué)過的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、教育、軍事、歷史、地理、物理、化學(xué)、生物等知識及生活中的一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)和常識對選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行判斷、推理，排除那些可能性較少的選項(xiàng)，縮小所選范圍，在提高答題的準(zhǔn)確性的同時，加快做題的速度。4.閱讀速度，合理變化在閱讀理解的過程中，同學(xué)們必須去掉兩個錯誤認(rèn)識：一是認(rèn)為讀得快了就會影響理解；二是如果不把每一個生詞弄懂就不能理解全文。由于這兩個認(rèn)識，考生對于一篇短文總是細(xì)嚼慢咽，逐字逐詞地閱讀，希望理解全文。而事實(shí)上，高考中的閱讀是信息性的閱讀，考生必須學(xué)會從篇章整體出發(fā)，用skimming(略讀)或scanning(瀏覽)的方法快速閱讀，強(qiáng)化上下文之間的聯(lián)系，進(jìn)行綜合分析，整體理解，抓住文章的主脈，融會貫通。但是，另一方面當(dāng)考生找到了與問題的相關(guān)信息時，對信息部分應(yīng)該放慢閱讀速度，逐詞逐句地閱讀從而達(dá)到對信息的準(zhǔn)確把握。5.選擇略讀，快速答題考生在讀了短文后的試題及選項(xiàng)后，就要快速瀏覽全文。在略讀的同時標(biāo)出與問題相關(guān)的詞、短語及句子，并且對于那些事實(shí)性、細(xì)節(jié)性的簡單問題，可直接選出正確答案。對于推斷性的問題，待到把文章讀完后，再作研究。有時，考生只需把與問題相關(guān)的句子、段落讀完就可以了，而后面那些與問題無關(guān)的句子、段落就可以不讀，以免浪費(fèi)時間。6.利用跳讀，排除疑難考生在進(jìn)行略讀答題后，對于那些歸納總結(jié)性、邏輯推斷性等這樣的間接性、復(fù)雜性問題，考生不必復(fù)讀全文，而只要skipping(跳讀)那些在略讀過程中所標(biāo)出的相關(guān)的詞句就可以了?？忌捎谩绊樧x法”——從相關(guān)的句子或相關(guān)的段落到問題，或逆讀法”——從問題到相關(guān)的句子或相關(guān)的段落，跳讀那些與之相關(guān)的句子、段落并對它們進(jìn)行分析、比較、綜合、歸納，從而選出正確答案。7.復(fù)讀檢查，確定答案考生在做完閱讀理解試題后，還應(yīng)仔細(xì)復(fù)讀短文，對所選答案進(jìn)行檢查、核實(shí)驗(yàn)證。一方面，考生對事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的分析、歸納要全面，不要以偏概全；另一方面，考生對文章的分析要深入，挖掘文章的深層意義，不要被表面的意思所迷惑；第三，考生必須緊扣文章的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)，切不可以主觀臆斷代替事實(shí)，也不要以自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的觀點(diǎn)。對于個別沒有把握的疑難問題，若時間不允許仔細(xì)研究時，則根據(jù)第一感覺迅速作出決定。練習(xí)1Shakespeare’sBirthplaceandExhibitionofShakespeare’sWordWelcometotheworld-famoushousewhereWilliamShakespearewasbornin1564andwherehegrewup.Theproperty(房產(chǎn))remainedintheownershipofShakespeare’sfamilyuntil1806.TheHousehaswelcomedvisitorstravelingfromallovertheworld,forover250years.OPENINGTIMES20Marto19OctMontoSat:9:00amto5:00pmSun:9:30amto5:00pmOPENINGTIMES20Marto19OctMontoSat:9:00amto5:00pmSun:9:30amto5:00pm20Octto19MarMontoSat:9:00amto4:00pmSun:10:00amto4:00pm◆StandintheroomswhereShakespearegrewup.◆DiscoverexamplesoffurnitureandneedleworkfromShakespeare’speriod.◆Enjoythetraditional(傳統(tǒng)的)Englishgarden,plantedwithtreesandflowersmentionedinpoet’sworks.ADMISSION:AADMISSION:Adult:￡4.90Child:￡2.20Family:￡12.00(2adults+upto3Children)＊TheHousemaypresentdifficultiesbuttheVisitors’Centre,itsexhibition,andthegardenareaccessible(可勁的)towheelchairusers.★TheShakespeareCoffeeHouse(oppositetheBirthplace).56.Howmuchistheadmissionforafamilyoftwogrown-upsandtwochildren?A.￡9.80B.￡12.00C.￡14.20D.￡16.4057.WhereisthenearestparkingplacetoShakespere’sBirthplace?A.Behindtheexhibitionhall.B.OppositetheVisitors’Centre.C.AtWindsorStreet.D.NeartheCoffeeHouse.58.Awheelchairusermayneedhelptoenter_____________.A.thehouseB.thegardenC.theVisitors’Centre D.theexhibitionhall2EDGEWOOD-EVERYmorningatDixieHeightsHighSchool,customerspourintoaspecialexperiment;thedistrict’sfirstcoffeerunmostlybystudentswithspeciallearningneeds.Wellbeforeclassesstart,studentsandteachersorderLattesSappuccinosandHotChocolates.Then,durningthefirstperiodteacherscallinordersontheirroomphones,andstudentsmakedeliveries.Byclosingtomeat9.20a.m.,theshopusuallysells90drinks.“Whoevermadethechitea,Ms.Schatzmansaysitwasgood,’ChristyMcKinley,asecondyearstudent,announcedrecently,afterhangingupwiththeteacher.TheshopiscalledtheDixiePIT,whichstandsforPowerinTransition.Althoughsomeofthestudentsarenotdisabled,manyare,andthePIThelpsthemprepareforlifeafterhighschool.Theylearnnotonlyhowtorunacoffeeshopbutalsohowtodealwiththeiraffairs.Theykeepatimecardandreceivepaychecks,whichtheykeepincheckregisters.Special-educationteachersKimChevalierandSueCaseyintroducedtheDixiePITfromasimilarprogramatKennesawMountainHighSchoolinGeorgia.Notthatitwaseasy.Chevaliver’sfirstproblemtoovercomewasproduct-related.Shouldschoolbesellingcoffee?Whataboutsugarcontent?KentonCountyFoodServiceDirectorGingerGrayhelped.Shemadesureallthedrinks,whichusenonfatmilk,fellwithinnutrition(營養(yǎng))guidelines.Thewholeschoolhasjoinedintohelp.Teachersagreedtogiveuptheirlounge(休息室)inthemornings.Artstudentspaintedthenameoftheshoponthewall.Businessstudentsdesignedthepaychecks.Thebasketballteamhelpedpayforcups.59.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Abestsellingcoffee.B.Aspecialeducationalprogram.C.Governmentsupportforschools.D.Anewtypeofteacher-studentrelationship.60.TheDixiePITprogramwasintroducedinorderto_______.A.raisemoneyforschoolaffairsB.dosomeresearchonnutritionC.developstudents’practicalskillsD.supplyteacherswithdrinks61.WeknowfromthetextthatGingerGray_______.A.managestheDixiePITprograminKentonCountryB.seesthatthedrinksmeethealthstandardsC.teachesatDixieHeightsHighSchoolD.ownstheschool’scoffeeshop3AlongtheriverbanksoftheAmazonandtheOrinocotherelivesabirdthatswimsbeforeitcanfly,flieslikeafatchicken,eatsgreenleaves,hasthestomachofacowandhasclaws（爪）onitswingswhenyoung.Theybuildtheirhomesabout4.6mabovetheriver,animportantfeature（特征）forthesafetyoftheyoung.Itiscalledthehoatzin.Inappearance,thebirdsofbothsexeslookverymuchalikewithbrownonthebackandcreamandredontheunderside.Theheadissmall,withalargesetoffeathersonthetop,brightredeyes,andblueskin.Itsnearestrelativesarethecommonbirds,cuckoos.Itsmoststrikingfeature,thoughisonlyfoundintheyoung.Babyhoatzinshaveaclawontheleadingedgeofeachwingandanotherattheendofeachwingtip.Usingthesefourclaws,togetherwiththebeak(喙)，theycanclimbaboutinthebushes,lookingverymuchlikeprimitivebirdsmusthavedone.Thehoatzins,however,liveinmodernworld. DuringthedriermonthsbetweenDecemberandMarchhoatzinsflyabouttheforestingroupsof20to30birds,butinApril,whentherainyseasonbegins,theycollecttogetherinsmallerlivingunitsoftwosevenbirdsforproducingpurposes. Whendangercomesintheformofasnakeofmonkey,theyounghoatzins-maybethreeinonefamily-jumpoverthesideandintotheriver.Theyswimunderaboutinthewateruntilitissafetoreturnandthen,usingtheirclaws,liftthemselvesupthroughthebranchesandbackhome.Whentheyhavelearnedtofly,theylosetheirclawsandescapetheirenemiesnotbyswimmingbutbyflyingoff,inaslowandheavyway,toaneighboringtree.62.Whatisthetestmainlyabout?A.Hoatzinsindryandrainyseasons.B.Therelativesandenemiesofhoatzins.C.PrimitivebirdsandhoatzinsoftheAmazon.D.Theappearanceandlivinghabitsofhoatzins.63.Yonghoatzinsaredifferentfromtheirparentsinthat_____.A.theylooklikeyoungcuckoos.B.theyhaveclawsonthewingsC.theyeatalotlikeacowD.theyliveonriverbanks64.Whatcanweinferaboutprimitivebirdsfromthetext?A.Theyhadclawstohelpthemclimb.B.TheycouldflylongdistancesC.Theyhadfourwingslikehoatzins.D.Theyhadaheadwithlongfeathersonthetop.65.Whydohoatzinscollecttogetherinsmallergroupswhentherainyseasoncomes?A.Tofindmorefood.B.Toprotectthemselvesbetter.C.Tokeepthemselveswarm.D.Toproducetheiryoung. 4Thereweresmilingchildrenalltheway.Clearlytheyknewatwhattimethetrainpassedtheirhomesandtheymadeittheirbusinesstostandalongtherailway,wavetocompletestrangersandcheerthemupastheyrushedtowardsPenage.Oftenwholefamiliesstoodoutsidetheirhomesandwavedandsmiledasifthoseonthetrainsweretheirfavoriterelatives.ThisisthesimplevillagepeopleofMalaysia.Iwasmoved. IhadalwaystraveledtoMalaysiabyplaneorcar,sothiswasthefirsttimeIwasonatrain.Ididnotparticularlyrelishthelongtrainjourneyandhadbroughtalongadozenmagazinestoreadandreread.Ilookedaboutthetrain.Therewasnotonefamiliarface.IsighedandsatdowntoreadmyEconomics ItwasnotlongbeforethetrainwasacrosstheCausewayandinMalaysia.JohoreBaruwasjustanothercitylikeSingapore,soIwastiredoflookingatthecrowdsofpeopleastheyhurriedpast.Aswewentbeyondthecity,Iwatchedthestraightrowsofrubbertreesandmilesandmilesofgreen.Thenthefirstvillagecameintosight.ImmediatelyIcamealive,Idecidedtowaveback. Fromthenonmyjourneybecameinteresting.IthrewmymagazineintothewastebasketanddecidedtojoininMalaysianlife.Theneverythingcamealive.Themountainsseemedtospeaktome.Eventhetreesweresmiling.IstaredateverythingasifIwaslookingatitforthefirsttime. ThedaypassedfastandIevenforgottohavemylunchuntilIfelthungry.Ilookedatmywatchandwassur