問路和指路及There be句型

學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載a/an/the的用法Name_____________No._______一、a/an的用法英語中表示“一個（塊，片，只，本，杯......）”應(yīng)用不定冠詞"a/an"來表達。an[An]用于以元音開頭的字母或可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞（可單名）前,a[[]用于以輔音開頭的字母或可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞（可單名）前。例如：abook[bUk]一本書，anapple[5Apl]一個蘋果1、一個a/e/i/o用an,一個以a/e/i/o開頭的單詞前也常用an.ana,ane,ani,ano2、一個u用a，一個以u開頭的單詞前用a/an均可。當(dāng)“u”發(fā)[ju:]時，用a,當(dāng)“u”發(fā)[Q]時，用an.au,anuncle,aUFO3、一個"h"用an,一個以h開頭的單詞前用a/an均可。當(dāng)h不發(fā)音時，用an;當(dāng)“h”發(fā)[h]時，用a。anh,anhour[5aU[],ahat4、一個"f/l/m/n/s/x/r"用an,一個以f/l/m/n/s/x/r開頭的單詞前用a。5、一個"b/c/d/j/k/p/q/t/v/w/y/z"用a；一個以"b/c/d/g/j/k/p/q/t/v/w/y/z"開頭的單詞前常用a。二、the的用法the可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)名詞,但是不可以單獨用。the+可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞=this/that+可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞,the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞=these/those+復(fù)數(shù)名詞1、用于世界上獨一無二的十五前。theUSAtheUNtheUK2、用于介詞短語中。onthetableinthebackpack3、當(dāng)名詞作主語時，其前常用the.Thepenisonthetable.4、一個可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞第一次出現(xiàn)用a/an,再次出現(xiàn)用the;一個復(fù)名詞第一次出現(xiàn)用some,再次出現(xiàn)用the.Thisisapen.Thepenisnice.Thesearesomepens.Thepensarenice.5、一般在一般疑問句中常用a/an,在特殊疑問句中常用the。Isthisapen?Whereisthepen?Whatcoloristhepen?Whoistheboy?6、如果在一個可單名前可以用“一個......”來修飾，則用a/an,如果用這/那來修飾則用the。Thereisapenonthedesk.Theboyinthepictureismybrother.介詞及介詞短語一、介詞①在......上on ②在......里in ③在......下under④在......后behind ⑤在......旁邊nextto/beside⑥在......與......之間between...and... ⑦在......(之外)的前面infrontof=before,⑧在......(之內(nèi))的前部inthefrontof,⑨在......中間inthemiddle/centerof,⑩在......左邊/右邊ontheleft/rightof,(11)在某人的左邊/右邊onone'sleft/right=ontheleft/rightofsb(12)在.....的對面acrossfrom=ontheothersideof二、介詞短語。在沙發(fā)上onthesofa 在梳妝臺后behindthedresser在餐桌下underthetable在桌子與椅子之間 betweenthetableandthechair在抽屜里inthedrawer 在沙發(fā)旁邊nexttothesofa在我的雙肩背包里inmybackpack 在地板上onthefloor在臥室里inthebedroom 在床的旁邊nexttothebed在沙發(fā)后behindthesofa在書柜和臥室之間betweenthebookcaseandthebedroom在餐桌旁邊nexttothetable 在桌子下面underthetable在沙發(fā)上onthesofa 在梳妝臺上onthedresser在雙肩背包里inthebackpack 在梳妝臺里inthedresser在桌子上onthetable 在樹上（長在樹上）onthetree在樹上(不是樹上長的)inthetree 在畫里inthepicture在墻上（表面）onthewall 在墻里(里面)inthewall三、常用的句型主語+be+介詞短語. 對介詞短語提問用where（一）單數(shù)句型 The+單數(shù)名詞is+介詞短語Thepenisonthedesk.→Whereisthepen?One's(形物/名所)+單數(shù)名詞is+介詞短語.形物:my,your,his,her,our,their 名所:Jim's,Anna'sMypenisonthedesk. →Whereisyourpen?This/That+單數(shù)名詞is+介詞短語.This/Thatpenisonthedesk.→Whereisthis/thatpen?He/She/It+is+介詞短語.He/She/Itisonthedesk. →Whereishe/she/it?Iam+介詞短語.Iamonthedesk.→Whereareyou?（二）復(fù)數(shù)句型The+復(fù)數(shù)名詞are+介詞短語Thepensareonthedesk.→Wherearethepens?One's+復(fù)數(shù)名詞are+介詞短語One's(形物/名所)+單數(shù)名詞is+介詞短語.形物:my,your,his,her,our,their 名所:Jim's,Anna'sMypensareonthedesk.→Whereareyourpens?These/Those+復(fù)數(shù)名詞are+介詞短語.These/Thosepensareonthedesk.→Wherearethese/thosepens?We/You/Theyare+介詞短語.Weareonthedesk.→Whereareyou?Theyareonthedesk.→Wherearethey?Therebe句型基礎(chǔ)知識一、基本要點：1、Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）。2、在therebe句型中,be動詞有is,are兩個。當(dāng)主語是可單名時,be動詞用is;當(dāng)主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞時,be動詞用are;當(dāng)主語時不可數(shù)名詞時,be動詞用is;當(dāng)主語為并列名詞,be動詞由第一個名詞決定,而與其它的名詞無關(guān)。Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk3、therebe句型的否定句在be動詞后加not,一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。4、therebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別：therebe表示在某地有某物(或人)；have(has)表示某人擁有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的運用：some用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑問句。6、and和or在therebe句型中的運用：and用于肯定句,or用于否定句或疑問句。7、針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+介詞短語？Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語？8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：What's+介詞短語？9、對介詞短語提問:Whereis/arethe+名詞？10、與have/has的區(qū)別：在含"有"的句子前加"在"意思不變則用therebe,如意思要變則用have/has,有時可互換。Therearesomebooksinmybag.=Ihavesomebooksinmybag.Ourschoolhas17classes.=Thereare17classesinourschool.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1、當(dāng)名詞為不可數(shù)名詞時肯定句：Thereissome+u.n+介詞短語.否定句：Thereisnotany+u.n+介詞短語.一般疑問句：Isthereanyu.n.+介詞短語?肯定回答：Yes,thereis.(there不可改)否定回答：No,thereisn't(there不可改)對some提問：Howmuch+u.n.isthere+介詞短語?對some+u.n.提問：What's+介詞短語?對介詞短語提問：Whereisthe+u.n?(將some改為the)2、當(dāng)名詞為可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞時：肯定句：Thereisa/an+可單名+介詞短語.否定句：Thereisnota/an+可單名+介詞短語.一般疑問句：Istherea/an+可單名+介詞短語?肯定回答：Yes,thereis.(there不可改)否定回答：No,thereisn't(there不可改)對a/an提問：Howmany+復(fù)名arethere+介詞短語?對a/an+可單名提問：What's+介詞短語?對介詞短語提問：Whereisthe+可單名?(將a/an改為the)3、當(dāng)名詞為復(fù)數(shù)名詞時：肯定句：Thereare+some復(fù)名+介詞短語.否定句：Therearenotany復(fù)名+介詞短語.一般疑問句：Arethereany復(fù)名+介詞短語?肯定回答：Yes,thereare(there不可改)否定回答：No,therearen't(there不可改)對a/an提問：Howmany+復(fù)名arethere+介詞短語?對a/an+可單名提問：What's+介詞短語?對介詞短語提問：Wherearethe+復(fù)名?(將some改為the)鞏固練習(xí)：用be動詞的正確形式填空。1.There____adesknearthewindow.2.There___somemoneyinthepurse.3.There____anappleonthetree.4.______thereanychildrenintheroom?5._____thereapenandtworulersinyourbag?6.There_____54studentsinourclassroom.7.There_____threewomenandamanoverthere8.There___someapplesonthetree.9.There_____50yuaninEmma'spurse.10.There______shoesunderthebed.問路和指路Askingforandgivingdirections.(一)Askingfordirections(問路)請問，公園在哪里？Excuseme!Howfaristhepark,please? Excuseme!Isthereaparknearhere?Excuseme!Whereisthenearestpark,please? Excuseme!HowcanIgettothepark?Excuseme!Whichisthewaytothepark?Excuseme!Couldyoutell/showmethewaytothepark?Excuseme!Doyouknowthewaytothepark? Excuseme!Canyoufindthewaytothepark?Excuseme!Couldyoutellmewheretheparkis? Excuseme!Couldyoutellmewhichisthewaytothepark?Excuseme!CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepark? Excuseme!Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?Excuseme!Couldyoutellmeifthereisaparknear/aroundhere/intheneighborhood?（二）Givingdirections(指路)1.It'soverthere.It'sonFifthAvenue/CentreStreet./It's+prep.the+名詞地點.(It'sacrossfromthesupermarket.)/It'sabout100metresaway./It'sdownBridgeStreetontheleft.2.①Go/Walkalong/down/uptheroad/street.②Gostraightandturnleft./Gostraightalongthestreet./Goupstairsandturnleft.③Crossthebridge.＝Goacrossthebridge.GothroughFifthAvenue.④Takethe+序數(shù)詞(fifth)+turningontheleft/right.=Turnleft/rightatthe+序數(shù)詞(fifth)+turning/crossing.⑤Goontotheendoftheroad.=goonuntilyoureachtheendoftheroad.⑥You'llfind/seeitinfrontofyou/onyourleft/right.Youcanfinditeasily.Youcan'tmissit.3.①Thenearestoneisabout...kilometresaway.②You'dbettergotherebybus.=You'dbettertake/catchabustogothere.③Thebusstopisalongtheroadontheright/left.④TheNo.9buswilltakeyourightthere.YouneedaNo.9bustogothere.TakeaNo.9busontherightandgetoffatthefourthstop.4.①I'msorryIdon'tknow.=I'msorryI'venoidea.=I'msorryI'mnotsure.②You'dbetteraskthepolicemanforhelpoverthere.Hemayknow.--Thankyouallthesame.③I'msorryI'mastrangermyself.--Thankyouallthesame.④I'msorry,I'mnewaroundhere.--Thankyouallthesame.附錄：1、地點名詞。postoffice,library,restaurant,bank,supermarket,payphone,park,market,hotel,school,hospital,airport2、常見的表地點介詞：①在......上on,②在......旁邊nextto/beside,③在......與......之間between...and....,④在......后behind,⑤在......(之外)的前面infrontof=before,⑥在......(之內(nèi))的前部inthefrontof,Teachersstandinfrontofstudentsandinthefrontoftheclassroom.⑦在......中間inthemiddle/centerof,⑧在......左邊/右邊ontheleft/rightof,⑨在某人的左邊/右邊onone'sleft/right=ontheleft/rightofsb⑩在.....的對面acrossfrom=ontheothersideof3、介詞短語：由介詞+the/one's+名詞構(gòu)成或者由介詞+專有名詞構(gòu)成。①onCenterStreet,onBridgeStreet,onFifthAvenue②nexttothepostoffice,besidethepark,nexttothebank③betweentheparkandthehotel,betweentheparkandthescho