安徽省合肥市六校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省合肥市六校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABestforFormalEnglishClasses:MassiveOpenOnlineCourses(MOOCs)MOOCs,asthenamesuggests,areonlinecoursesthatareopentoanunlimitednumberofstudents.Ifyou’resomeonewhoprefersthiskindofcourse,oneofthesecouldbeforyou.BestforAllLevels:AlisonRatings:4.3/5Users:1,000,000+Openedin2007,AlisonisconsideredtobethefirstMOOC.IthasawholesectionforlearningEnglishandisoneofthebestMOOCsforstartingyourEnglishstudiesfromABC.BestforBritishEnglish:FutureLearnRatings:4.4/5Users:1,000,000+Thecoursesofferedherecomefrom40placesallacrosstheworld,includingsometopBritishinstitutionsliketheBritishCouncil.ButithasnopartnersintheUS,soifyou’relookingforAmericanEnglish,youmightwanttotryadifferentsite!BestforVarietyofCourses:UdemyRatings:4.7/5Users:1,000,000+UdemywantstoteacheverythingandisoneofthebiggestMOOCsoutthere.Therearetensofthousandsofcourses.NotallthecoursesonUdemyarefree,butthere’reagoodnumberoffreeones.Eventhecoursesthataren’tfreecanbeprettyaffordable.BestforAdvancedLearners:CourseraRatings:4.5/5Users:1,000,000+Recommendedforadvancedlearners,CourseraisanotherMOOCthatofferssavedcourseswithouttheInternet.Courserahasagreatmanypartners,institutionsanduniversities.Youcancompletecoursesastheytakeplace,orjustplaybackthelessonswhentheyareover.Clickheretogetmoreinformationaboutwhatsuitsyoubest.21.WhatdoweknowaboutFutureLearnfromthetext?A.ItisthebiggestMOOC. B.Itallowsofflinelearning.C.ItisthefirstMOOCintheworld. D.ItprovidescoursesinBritishEnglish.22.WhatcanlearnersbenefitfromCoursera?A.Theyhaveaccesstofreecourses.B.Theycancommunicatewithpartners.C.Theycanberecommendedtouniversities.D.Theycancompletecoursesattheirownpace.23.Whichcoursehasthehighestusersatisfaction?A.Alison. B.FutureLearn. C.Udemy. D.Coursera.〖答案〗21.D22.D23.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹的是適合學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的在線開(kāi)放課程MOOCs?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BestforBritishEnglish:FutureLearn

部分中“Thecoursesofferedherecomefrom40placesallacrosstheworld,includingsometopBritishinstitutionsliketheBritishCouncil.

(這里提供的課程來(lái)自世界各地的40個(gè)地方，包括一些英國(guó)頂級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)，如英國(guó)文化協(xié)會(huì)。)”可知，這里提供的課程來(lái)自世界各地的40個(gè)地方，包括一些英國(guó)頂級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)，如英國(guó)文化協(xié)會(huì)即它提供英式英語(yǔ)課程。故選D。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BestforAdvancedLearners:Coursera部分中“Youcancompletecoursesastheytakeplace,orjustplaybackthelessonswhentheyareover.(你可以完成正在進(jìn)行的課程，或者在課程結(jié)束時(shí)觀看回放的課程。)”可知，學(xué)習(xí)該課程時(shí)，學(xué)生按照自己的進(jìn)度完成課程。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BestforVarietyofCourses:Udemy部分中“Ratings:4.7/5

(評(píng)分4.7分(滿(mǎn)分5分))”可知，相比于其他課程，該課程評(píng)分為4.7分（滿(mǎn)分5分），是最高的評(píng)分。故選C。BMostpeoplewhoranthemarathonlastmonthspentdaysbeforerestingupanddaysafterrecovering.ButnotJackyHunt-Broersma.Intotal,sheran104marathonsin104days.Ifit’sconfirmedbyGuinnessWorldRecords,thatwouldbeanewworldrecord.Andshediditallwithonelegandaprosthesis(假肢).“Someoneable-bodiedhaddoneitpreviously.IwantedtoseeifIcoulddoitonaprostheticlegandseewhatwouldhappen,”shesaid.“IthoughtitwouldbeagreatwaytoinspireotherstopushtheirlimitsbecauseItrulybelievethatwe’restrongerthanwhatwethink.AndI’vebeensopleasantlysurprisedthatmybodyisheldup,everythingisheldupandI’vemadeitto104.”Sheactuallydidnotpickupthesportuntilaftershelostthelowerpartofherleftlegin2001toatypeofcancercalledEwingsarcoma.Runnersusingaprostheticlegcan’tusearegularone.Theyneedarunningblade(刀鋒式跑步義肢).Hunt-Broersmahastwo,butshewasonlyabletorunwithonebecauseoftheswellingsheexperiencedinherleftlegthatmadeitimpossibletoconnecttotheotherblade.Butevenwiththepainthatoccurred,shehasbeenabletoputupwithitandcontinued.Alltogether,Hunt-Broersmaranover4,385kilometers.Duringthattimeshehashadalotoftimetothinkandhaslearnedafewthingsaboutherself.“Ithastaughtmehowstrongonecanbeandhowimportantabsolutedeterminationis.Ifyou’rementallystrong,youcandoanything,”shesaid.“Andourbodiesarejustamazing...Thiswholejourneywasimpressiveandsuperhard,butit’stoldmehowstrongIcanbeasapersonandhowfarIcanpushmyself.”24.WhydidHunt-Broersmadecidetorunmarathons?A.Shewantedtosetanewrecord.B.Sheintendedtochallengeherself.C.Shewasdrivenbyherinterest.D.Shewasinspiredbypeoplelikeher.25.WhatdifficultydidHunt-Broersmameetwith?A.Shedidn’tgetprofessionaltraining.B.Shefoundithardtokeepherbalance.C.Shesuffereddiscomfortinherleftleg.D.Shecouldn’tuseregularrunningblades.26.Whatmessagedoestheauthorexpressthroughthestory?A.Romewasn’tbuiltinaday.B.Timeworkswonders.C.Agoodbeginningishalfthebattle.D.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.27.Whatmaybetheauthor’sattitudetowardsHunt-Broersma?A.Annoyed. B.Sympathetic.C.Admiring. D.Humorous.〖答案〗24.B25.C26.D27.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了JackyHunt-Broersma雖然由于癌癥而左腿截肢，但是借助假肢連續(xù)104天跑104場(chǎng)馬拉松的勵(lì)志故事。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的““Someoneable-bodiedhaddoneitpreviously.IwantedtoseeifIcoulddoitonaprostheticlegandseewhatwouldhappen,”shesaid.(‘以前有健全的人這樣做過(guò)。我想看看我能否在義肢上做到這一點(diǎn)，看看會(huì)發(fā)生什么?！f(shuō)。)”可知，先前曾有體格健全的人連續(xù)跑馬拉松，Hunt-Broersma想看看自己戴著假肢能不能連續(xù)跑馬拉松；由此可知，Hunt-Broersma決定跑馬拉松是為了挑戰(zhàn)自我。故選B?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Runnersusingaprostheticlegcan’tusearegularone.Theyneedarunningblade(刀鋒式跑步義肢).Hunt-Broersmahastwo,butshewasonlyabletorunwithonebecauseoftheswellingsheexperiencedinherleftlegthatmadeitimpossibletoconnecttotheotherblade.Butevenwiththepainthatoccurred,shehasbeenabletoputupwithitandcontinued.(使用假肢的跑步者不能使用普通的假肢。他們需要一個(gè)刀鋒式跑步義肢。Hunt-Broersma兩個(gè)刀鋒式跑步義肢，但她只能用其中一個(gè)，因?yàn)樗笸饶[脹，無(wú)法連接到另一把刀。但即使發(fā)生了痛苦，她也能夠忍受并繼續(xù)下去。)”可知，Hunt-Broersma跑馬拉松時(shí)要忍受左腿腫脹帶來(lái)的不適和痛苦。故選C?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第三段中的“Butevenwiththepainthatoccurred,shehasbeenabletoputupwithitandcontinued.(但即使發(fā)生了痛苦，她也能夠忍受并繼續(xù)下去。)”和最后一段中的““Ithastaughtmehowstrongonecanbeandhowimportantabsolutedeterminationis.Ifyou’rementallystrong,youcandoanything,”shesaid.“Andourbodiesarejustamazing...Thiswholejourneywasimpressiveandsuperhard,butit’stoldmehowstrongIcanbeasapersonandhowfarIcanpushmyself.”(‘它教會(huì)了我一個(gè)人可以有多堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，以及絕對(duì)的決心有多重要。如果你內(nèi)心強(qiáng)大，你可以做任何事情，’她說(shuō)：‘我們的身體真是太棒了……整個(gè)旅程令人印象深刻，也非常艱難，但它告訴我，作為一個(gè)人，我可以有多強(qiáng)大，我可以把自己逼到多遠(yuǎn)。’)”可知，Hunt-Broersma克服身體的不適并堅(jiān)持跑完了馬拉松，雖然過(guò)程很艱難，但Hunt-Broersma明白了一個(gè)人可以有多強(qiáng)大，堅(jiān)定的決心有多重要以及她自己究竟可以走多遠(yuǎn)。由此可知，作者通過(guò)Hunt-Broersma的故事告訴讀者只要有堅(jiān)定意志與決心，就沒(méi)有不可能的事情，面對(duì)艱難困苦，只要我們迎難而上，堅(jiān)持不懈，就能取得成功。故選D?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Mostpeoplewhoranthemarathonlastmonthspentdaysbeforerestingupanddaysafterrecovering.ButnotJackyHunt-Broersma.Intotal,sheran104marathonsin104days.Ifit’sconfirmedbyGuinnessWorldRecords,thatwouldbeanewworldrecord.Andshediditallwithonelegandaprosthesis(假肢).(上個(gè)月跑馬拉松的大多數(shù)人在賽前休息和賽后恢復(fù)上都花了幾天時(shí)間。但JackyHunt-Broersma不是。她總共在104天內(nèi)跑了104場(chǎng)馬拉松。如果吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄證實(shí)，這將是一項(xiàng)新的世界紀(jì)錄。她用一條腿和一個(gè)假肢完成了這一切。)”可知，Hunt-Broersma在104天內(nèi)跑了104場(chǎng)馬拉松，賽前沒(méi)有休息，賽后也沒(méi)有時(shí)間恢復(fù)；再結(jié)合第二段提到的她勇于挑戰(zhàn)自己、第三段提到的她努力克服身體的不適以及最后一段她的感悟可知，作者對(duì)Hunt-Broersma的態(tài)度是欽佩贊賞的。故選C。CAshocking53.6millionmetrictonsofelectronicwastewasdiscardedlastyear,anewUN-backedreporthasrevealed.Thereportshowsthate-wasteisupby21%fromfiveyearsago.Thisisn’tsurprising,consideringhowmanymorepeopleareadoptingnewtechnologyandupdatingdevicesregularlytohavethelatestversions,butthereportalsoshowsthatnationalcollectionandrecyclingstrategiesarenowhereclosetomatchingconsumptionrates.E-wastecontainsmaterialsincludingcopper(銅),iron,goldandsilver,whichthereportgivesaconservativevalueof$57billion.Butmostarethrownawayorburnedratherthanbeingcollectedforrecycling.Preciousmetalsinwasteareestimatedtobeworth$14billion,butonly$4billion-worthisrecoveredatthemoment.Whilethenumberofcountrieswithnationale-wastepolicieshasgrownfrom61to78since2014,thereislittleencouragementtoobeyandamere17%ofcollecteditemsarerecycled.Ifrecyclingdoesoccur,it’softenunderdangerousconditions,suchasburningcircuitboardstorecovercopper,which“releaseshighlypoisonousmetals”andharmsthehealthofworkers.ThereportfoundthatAsiahasthehighestamountsofwasteoverall,producing24.9millionmetrictons(MMT),followedbyEuropeat12MMT,Africaat2.9MMT,andOceaniaat0.7MMT.Butwhoseresponsibilityisit?Aregovernmentsinchargeofsettingupcollectionandrecyclingpoints,orshouldcompaniesberesponsibleforrecyclingthegoodstheyproduce?Itgoesbothways.Companiesdoneedtobeheldaccountablebygovernmentregulationsandhaveincentivestodesignproductsthatareeasilyrepaired.Atthesametime,governmentsneedtomakeiteasyforcitizenstoaccesscollectionpointsanddealwiththeirbrokenelectronicsinaconvenientway.Otherwise,theymayturntotheeasiestoption—thelandfill.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”mostprobablymean?A.increased B.distributed C.thrownaway D.consumed29.WhatdothestatisticsinParagraph2show?A.Thefunctionsofpolicies. B.Thegreatdamagetoenvironment.C.Thechangeofconsumptionrates. D.Theurgencyofrecoveringe-waste.30.Whatistheproblemwithrecyclinge-wasteatpresent?A.Itdoesharmtotheworkers’health. B.Itlacksnationalpolicysupport.C.Ithardlymakesprofits. D.Ittakestoomuchtime.31.Howshouldtheproblembesolvedaccordingtothepassage?A.Newtechnologyshouldbeusedtoupdateolddevices.B.Governmentsandcompaniesshouldtakeresponsibilities.C.Non-poisonousmetalshadbetterbeusedine-device.D.Citizensmustplayakeyroleinrecyclinge-waste.〖答案〗28.C29.D30.A31.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要討論了電子廢棄物的嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題，包括其數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)、回收策略的不足以及其對(duì)環(huán)境和健康的影響。【28題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“Thereportshowsthate-wasteisupby21%fromfiveyearsago.(報(bào)告顯示，電子垃圾比五年前增加了21%)”可知，此處講述的是電子垃圾，推知電子垃圾應(yīng)是被丟棄的，所以discarded應(yīng)是“丟棄”之意，和C項(xiàng)意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“E-wastecontainsmaterialsincludingcopper(銅),iron,goldandsilver,whichthereportgivesaconservativevalueof$57billion.Butmostarethrownawayorburnedratherthanbeingcollectedforrecycling.Preciousmetalsinwasteareestimatedtobeworth$14billion,butonly$4billion-worthisrecoveredatthemoment.(電子垃圾中含有銅、鐵、金和銀等材料，報(bào)告保守估計(jì)其價(jià)值為570億美元。但大多數(shù)都被扔掉或燒掉，而不是被收集起來(lái)回收利用。據(jù)估計(jì)，廢棄的貴金屬價(jià)值140億美元，但目前只有40億美元被回收)”可知，價(jià)值為570億美元的電子垃圾，只有40億美元被回收，所以統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示了回收電子垃圾的緊迫性。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Ifrecyclingdoesoccur,it’softenunderdangerousconditions,suchasburningcircuitboardstorecovercopper,which“releaseshighlypoisonousmetals”andharmsthehealthofworkers.(即使回收真的發(fā)生了，也往往是在危險(xiǎn)的條件下進(jìn)行的，比如燃燒電路板來(lái)回收銅，這會(huì)“釋放出劇毒金屬”，損害工人的健康)”可知，目前回收電子廢物的問(wèn)題是對(duì)工人的健康有害。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Companiesdoneedtobeheldaccountablebygovernmentregulationsandhaveincentivestodesignproductsthatareeasilyrepaired.Atthesametime,governmentsneedtomakeiteasyforcitizenstoaccesscollectionpointsanddealwiththeirbrokenelectronicsinaconvenientway.Otherwise,theymayturntotheeasiestoption—thelandfill.(企業(yè)確實(shí)需要接受政府法規(guī)的問(wèn)責(zé)，并有動(dòng)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)容易維修的產(chǎn)品。與此同時(shí)，政府需要讓公民更容易到達(dá)收集點(diǎn)，并以方便的方式處理?yè)p壞的電子產(chǎn)品。否則，他們可能會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向最簡(jiǎn)單的選擇——垃圾填埋場(chǎng))”可知，解決電子垃圾問(wèn)題需要政府和企業(yè)應(yīng)該承擔(dān)責(zé)任。故選B項(xiàng)。DUsingX-raystopeerintothechemicalstructureofatinyspeck(微粒)ofthecelebratedworkofart“MonaLisa”,scientistshavegainednewinsightintothetechniquesthatLeonardodaVinciusedtopainthisgroundbreakingportraitofthewomanwiththeexquisitelymysterioussmile.Theresearch,publishedintheJournaloftheAmericanChemicalSociety,suggeststhatthefamouslycurious,learnedandinventiveItalianRenaissancemastermayhavebeeninaparticularlyexperimentalmoodwhenhesettoworkonthe“MonaLisa”earlyinthe16thcentury.Theoil-paintmethodLeonardousedashisbaselayerappearstohavebeendifferentforthe“MonaLisa”,withitsowndistinctivechemicalsignature,theteamofscientistsandarthistoriansinFranceandBritaindiscovered.“Hewassomeonewholovedtoexperiment,andeachofhispaintingsiscompletelydifferenttechnically,”saidVictorGonzalez,thestudy’sleadauthorandachemistatFrance’stopresearchbody,theCNRS.GonzalezhasstudiedthechemicalcompositionsofdozensofworksbyLeonardo,Rembrandtandotherartists.Specifically,theresearchersfoundararecompound,plumbonacrite(水白鉛礦)inLeonardo’sfirstlayerofpaint.Thediscoveryconfirmedforthefirsttimewhatarthistorianshadpreviouslyonlyassumed:thatLeonardomostlikelyusedleadoxidepowdertothickenandhelpdryhispaintashebeganworkingontheportrait.Plumbonacriteisabyproductofleadoxide,allowingtheresearcherstosaywithmorecertaintythatLeonardolikelyusedthepowderinhispaintrecipe.“Plumbonacriteisreallyafingerprintofhisrecipe,”Gonzalezsaid,“It’sthefirsttimewecanactuallychemicallyconfirmit.”AfterLeonardo,DutchmasterRembrandtmayhaveusedasimilarrecipewhenhewaspaintinginthe17thcentury.“Italsotellsusthatthoserecipeswerepassedonforcenturies,”Gonzalezsaid,“Itwasaverygoodrecipe.”Butthe“MonaLisa”andotherworksbyLeonardostillhaveothersecretstotell.“Thereareplenty,plentymorethingstodiscover,forsure.Wearebarelyscratchingthesurface,”Gonzalezsaid,“Whatwearesayingisjustalittlebrickmoreintheknowledge.”32.WhatkindofpersonisLeonardodaVinciaccordingtothenewfinding?A.Adventurousandcreative. B.Ambitiousandgenerous.C.Intelligentandmysterious. D.Sensitiveandinspiring.33.Whathadarthistorianssupposedearlier?A.RembrandtwasfondofimitatingLeonardo’sstyle.B.ItismostlikelythatLeonardousedtobeachemist.C.Theportraitmayhavebeendriedinaspecialwaywhenfinished.D.Leonardomayhaveemployedleadoxidepowderinhiswork.34.WhatcanweinferaccordingtoGonzalez?A.Itisnecessarytoscratchthesurfaceofthe“MonaLisa”.B.Thereislittlepointinfindingthechemicalsintheportrait.C.ThescientistshaverevealedLeonardo’stechniquethoroughly.D.ThereisalongwaytogoforadeepunderstandingofLeonardo’sworks.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PowerfulChemicalsforPaintingB.Leonardo’sExperimentsonPortraitsC.TheNewSecretofthe“MonaLisa”D.Far-reachingInfluenceofthe“MonaLisa”〖答案〗32.A33.D34.D35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們用X光對(duì)著名畫(huà)作《蒙娜麗莎》進(jìn)行分析，對(duì)其顏料使用有了新的發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theresearch,publishedintheJournaloftheAmericanChemicalSociety,suggeststhatthefamouslycurious,learnedandinventiveItalianRenaissancemastermayhavebeeninaparticularlyexperimentalmoodwhenhesettoworkonthe“MonaLisa”earlyinthe16thcentury.(這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《美國(guó)化學(xué)會(huì)志》上的研究表明，這位以好奇、博學(xué)和創(chuàng)造力著稱(chēng)的意大利文藝復(fù)興大師在16世紀(jì)初開(kāi)始創(chuàng)作《蒙娜麗莎》時(shí)，可能一直處于一種特別的試驗(yàn)情緒中)”可知，充滿(mǎn)好奇心且勇于嘗試的達(dá)·芬奇帶著試驗(yàn)的態(tài)度開(kāi)始了對(duì)《蒙娜麗莎》的創(chuàng)作。由此可知，他是一個(gè)敢于冒險(xiǎn)和有創(chuàng)造力的人。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thediscoveryconfirmedforthefirsttimewhatarthistorianshadpreviouslyonlyassumed:thatLeonardomostlikelyusedleadoxidepowdertothickenandhelpdryhispaintashebeganworkingontheportrait.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)首次證實(shí)了藝術(shù)史學(xué)家之前的假設(shè)：達(dá)·芬奇很可能在開(kāi)始創(chuàng)作這幅肖像畫(huà)時(shí)使用了氧化鉛粉來(lái)增稠和干燥顏料)”可知，藝術(shù)史學(xué)家之前猜測(cè)達(dá)·芬奇在創(chuàng)作時(shí)可能使用了氧化鉛粉這種物質(zhì)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Gonzalez所說(shuō)的話(huà)“Thereareplenty,plentymorethingstodiscover,forsure.Wearebarelyscratchingthesurface(當(dāng)然，還有很多很多東西等著我們?nèi)グl(fā)現(xiàn)。我們僅僅觸及了表面)”和“Whatwearesayingisjustalittlebrickmoreintheknowledge.(我們所說(shuō)的只是知識(shí)上的一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)進(jìn)步)”可知，Gonzalez認(rèn)為目前的發(fā)現(xiàn)只觸及表面，是微小的進(jìn)步，還有很多東西有待發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此，要深入理解達(dá)·芬奇的作品還要走很長(zhǎng)的路。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“UsingX-raystopeerintothechemicalstructureofatinyspeck(微粒)ofthecelebratedworkofart“MonaLisa”,scientistshavegainednewinsightintothetechniquesthatLeonardodaVinciusedtopainthisgroundbreakingportraitofthewomanwiththeexquisitelymysterioussmile.(科學(xué)家們利用X射線研究了著名藝術(shù)作品《蒙娜麗莎》中一個(gè)細(xì)小微粒的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)，從而對(duì)列奧納多·達(dá)·芬奇創(chuàng)作這幅具有開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的、帶著精致神秘微笑的女子畫(huà)像的技巧有了新的認(rèn)識(shí))”和最后一段中“Butthe“MonaLisa”andotherworksbyLeonardostillhaveothersecretstotell.(但是《蒙娜麗莎》和達(dá)·芬奇的其他作品還有其他的秘密要告訴我們)”可知，文章主要介紹的是科學(xué)家們用X光對(duì)著名畫(huà)作《蒙娜麗莎》進(jìn)行分析，對(duì)其顏料使用有了新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，揭示了這幅畫(huà)作一個(gè)隱藏的秘密。因此，C項(xiàng)“《蒙娜麗莎》的新秘密”契合該研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeoplefeelanxiousinsituationsthatarestressfultothem.Forexample,theymayfeelanxiousabouttakingtests,meetingnewpeople,orspeakinginclass.____36____Butit’sbesttolearnhowtocope.Hereareseveraltipsthatcanhelpyouthroughanxiousmoments:Startwitha“growth”mindset.Somepeoplehaveafixedmindset.Theymightthink,“ThisishowIam.”____37____Theythinktheyarethewaytheyare.Butbrainsciencehasshownthatwithagrowthmindset,peoplecangetbetteratjustabouteverything—witheffortandpractice.Thatincludesreducinganxiety.____38____Whenyou’reanxious,youmighttellyourselfthingslike,“Ican’tdothis!”or“WhatifImessthisup?”Instead,plantotellyourselfsomethingthatcouldhelpyoufacethemomentwithabitofcouragelike,“Icandothis!”or“It’sOKtofeelanxious.Icandothisanyway.”Noticehowanxietyaffectsyourbody.Whenyou’reanxious,doyoufeel“butterflies”inyourstomach?Sweatypalms?Shakyhands?Afasterheartbeat?Thesephysicalfeelingscanbeuncomfortablebuttheyaren’tharmful.Youcancope.Youdon’thavetopushthefeelingsaway.____39____Facethesituation—don’twaitforanxietytogoaway.Youmightthinkthatyou’llputoffspeakinginclassortalkingtothatnewpersonuntilyounolongerfeelanxiousaboutit.Butitdoesn’tworkthatway.____40____Learningtocopewithanxietytakestime,patience,andpractice.Mostofallittakesbeingwillingtofaceanxiety.Startwithonesmallstep.Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryou’llgetatloweringanxiety.A.Talkyourselfthroughit.B.Tellaparentoranotheradultyoutrust.C.It’sfacingtheanxietythathelpsyoulowerit.D.Trytopayattentiontoanxiousthoughtsandfeelings.E.Trytonoticethemwithoutgettingupsetthatthey’rethere.F.Withafixedmindset,peopledon’tthinkthingscanchange.G.Ifyoufeelanxiousinsituationslikethese,you’renotalone.〖答案〗36.G37.F38.A39.E40.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹了一系列關(guān)于如何應(yīng)對(duì)焦慮時(shí)刻的建議和策略?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Manypeoplefeelanxiousinsituationsthatarestressfultothem.Forexample,theymayfeelanxiousabouttakingtests,meetingnewpeople,orspeakinginclass.(許多人在有壓力的情況下會(huì)感到焦慮。例如，他們可能會(huì)對(duì)考試、結(jié)識(shí)新朋友或在課堂上發(fā)言感到焦慮)”以及后文“Butit’sbesttolearnhowtocope.(但最好學(xué)會(huì)如何應(yīng)對(duì))”可知，G項(xiàng)“Ifyoufeelanxiousinsituationslikethese,you’renotalone.(如果你在這種情況下感到焦慮，你并不孤單)”承接上文，“you’renotalone”與上文相呼應(yīng)，并和下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Somepeoplehaveafixedmindset.Theymightthink,“ThisishowIam.”(有些人有固定的心態(tài)。他們可能會(huì)想，“我就是這樣的人?！?”可知，此處在講述固定心態(tài)的人，所以F項(xiàng)“Withafixedmindset,peopledon’tthinkthingscanchange.(有了固定的心態(tài)，人們就不會(huì)認(rèn)為事情可以改變)”是對(duì)固定心態(tài)的人進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，符合此處主題。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】分析設(shè)空，位于段首，應(yīng)是本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“Whenyou’reanxious,youmighttellyourselfthingslike,“Ican’tdothis!”or“WhatifImessthisup?”Instead,plantotellyourselfsomethingthatcouldhelpyoufacethemomentwithabitofcouragelike,“Icandothis!”or“It’sOKtofeelanxious.Icandothisanyway.”(當(dāng)你焦慮的時(shí)候，你可能會(huì)告訴自己，“我做不到!”或者“如果我搞砸了怎么辦?”相反，計(jì)劃告訴自己一些可以幫助你鼓起勇氣面對(duì)這一時(shí)刻的話(huà)，比如，“我能做到!”或者“感到焦慮是正常的。反正我也能做到?！?”可知，本段講述要說(shuō)服自己克服焦慮，所以A項(xiàng)“Talkyourselfthroughit.(說(shuō)服自己克服它)”符合文意，為本段小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。【39題詳析】分析設(shè)空，位于段尾，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Noticehowanxietyaffectsyourbody.Whenyou’reanxious,doyoufeel“butterflies”inyourstomach?Sweatypalms?Shakyhands?Afasterheartbeat?Thesephysicalfeelingscanbeuncomfortablebuttheyaren’tharmful.Youcancope.Youdon’thavetopushthefeelingsaway.(注意焦慮如何影響你的身體。當(dāng)你焦慮的時(shí)候，你會(huì)感到“蝴蝶”在你的胃里嗎?手心出汗嗎?搖搖欲墜的手?心跳加快?這些身體上的感覺(jué)可能會(huì)讓人不舒服，但它們并沒(méi)有害處。你可以應(yīng)付。你不必把這種感覺(jué)推開(kāi))”可知，焦慮時(shí)，身體會(huì)有反應(yīng)，但是可以不必把這種感覺(jué)推開(kāi)，所以E項(xiàng)“Trytonoticethemwithoutgettingupsetthatthey’rethere.(試著去注意他們，不要因?yàn)樗麄兊拇嬖诙械讲话?”承接上文，符合文意。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】分析設(shè)空，位于段尾，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Facethesituation—don’twaitforanxietytogoaway.Youmightthinkthatyou’llputoffspeakinginclassortalkingtothatnewpersonuntilyounolongerfeelanxiousaboutit.Butitdoesn’tworkthatway.(面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)——不要坐等焦慮消失。你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為你會(huì)推遲在課堂上講話(huà)或與陌生人交談，直到你不再感到焦慮。但事實(shí)并非如此)”可知，此處講述逃避焦慮是不能解決問(wèn)題的，所以C項(xiàng)“It’sfacingtheanxietythathelpsyoulowerit.(面對(duì)焦慮能幫助你降低焦慮)”提出了切實(shí)可行的方法，承接上文。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IhadalwaysbeenwarmlypraisedformybasketballshootingabilitywhenIwasinhighschool.ButwhenIwenttoOhioState,Idiscoveredthateveryoneontheteamwas___41___inhishometown.Towinastartingjobontheteam,IhadfiguredIwouldhaveto___42___thecoachwithmyshootingability.Butitturnedoutthattheteamwas___43___fullofattackingplayersandwhatitneededwassomeoneto___44___ondefence(防守).Unwillingly,Idecidedtotakethatrole,butdidn’texpectthe___45___wastomakeallthedifferencetomelater.Oneday,whenwewere___46___agameagainsttheBucks,Iwascalledoutbythecoach,Milwaukee,whogavemethe___47___toguardourcourt(球場(chǎng)).Thoughfeelingabit___48___,Iaccepted.Throughoutthegame,Icontinuedplayingthedefencerole.Then,neartheendofthegame,ina(n)___49___towidenthescoregap,Milwaukeegavemeaprecious___50___.Heaskedmetoorganizeanattack.Runningtothecenterofthecourt,I___51___theball.Itwasa___52___three-pointplayandthechampionshipwasours.Standingthereinthatcircleofcheeringaudience,Icameto___53___theimportanceofteamwork.JustasMilwaukeesaid,“___54___teamsoftenhaveoneortwoplayerswhostandout;goodteamshavefivewhoworktogether.Itisamazingwhatcanbeachievedwhennoonecareswhogetsthe___55___.”41.A.ordinary B.anxious C.excellent D.inexperienced42.A.help B.equip C.bless D.impress43.A.lately B.already C.generally D.eventually44.A.wait B.call C.focus D.rely45.A.decision B.approach C.comment D.problem46.A.lookingfor B.callingfor C.applyingfor D.preparingfor47.A.turn B.responsibility C.comfort D.potential48.A.cheerful B.satisfied C.frightened D.disappointed49.A.mood B.rush C.attempt D.position50.A.lesson B.method C.opportunity D.suggestion51.A.kicked B.held C.caught D.shot52.A.key B.rare C.typical D.possible53.A.wish B.realize C.advise D.achieve54.A.Poor B.Professional C.Native D.Capable55.A.present B.honor C.support D.income〖答案〗41.C42.D43.B44.C45.A46.D47.B48.D49.C50.C51.D52.A53.B54.A55.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述作者通過(guò)參加的一場(chǎng)籃球比賽意識(shí)到：好的球隊(duì)需要所有隊(duì)員的團(tuán)隊(duì)精神，這樣才能取得勝利?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)我去俄亥俄州立大學(xué)時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)隊(duì)里的每個(gè)人在自己的家鄉(xiāng)都很優(yōu)秀。A.ordinary普通的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.excellent出色的；D.inexperienced沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的。根據(jù)上文“IhadalwaysbeenwarmlypraisedformybasketballshootingabilitywhenIwasinhighschool.”和下文“inhishometown.”可知，這里應(yīng)該是指隊(duì)友們?cè)诟髯缘募亦l(xiāng)都是很優(yōu)秀的。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了贏得球隊(duì)的首發(fā)，我想我必須用我的投籃能力給教練留下深刻印象。A.help幫助；B.equip裝備；C.bless保佑；D.impress使印象深刻。根據(jù)下文“thecoachwithmyshootingability”可知，作者想用自己的實(shí)力給教練留下好印象。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但事實(shí)證明，這支球隊(duì)已經(jīng)充滿(mǎn)了進(jìn)攻型球員，他們需要的是一個(gè)專(zhuān)注于防守的人。A.lately最近；B.already已經(jīng)；C.generally大體上；D.eventually最后。根據(jù)下文“fullofattackingplayersandwhatitneededwassomeoneto________ondefence”可知，隊(duì)里面需要的是防守型球員，所以進(jìn)攻型球員應(yīng)該已經(jīng)滿(mǎn)了。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但事實(shí)證明，這支球隊(duì)已經(jīng)充滿(mǎn)了進(jìn)攻型球員，他們需要的是一個(gè)專(zhuān)注于防守的人。A.wait等待；B.call打電話(huà)；C.focus聚焦、集中精力于；D.rely依賴(lài)。根據(jù)上文“theteamwas________fullofattackingplayers”可知，這支球隊(duì)已經(jīng)充滿(mǎn)了進(jìn)攻型球員，所以他們需要的應(yīng)該是一個(gè)專(zhuān)注于防守的人。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不情愿地決定擔(dān)任這個(gè)角色，但沒(méi)想到這個(gè)決定后來(lái)會(huì)對(duì)我產(chǎn)生很大的影響。A.decision決定；B.approach方法；C.comment評(píng)論；D.problem問(wèn)題。根據(jù)上文“Idecidedtotakethatrole,”可知，這里指作者做的這個(gè)決定。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有一天，當(dāng)我們準(zhǔn)備與雄鹿隊(duì)的比賽時(shí)，Milwaukee教練叫我去，他讓我在場(chǎng)上負(fù)責(zé)防守。A.lookingfor尋找；B.callingfor呼吁；C.applyingfor申請(qǐng)；D.preparingfor準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)下文“agameagainsttheBucks,Iwascalledoutbythecoach,”可知，作者被教練喊出去應(yīng)該是在他們準(zhǔn)備比賽期間。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，當(dāng)我們準(zhǔn)備與雄鹿隊(duì)的比賽時(shí)，Milwaukee教練叫我去，他讓我在場(chǎng)上負(fù)責(zé)防守。A.turn輪次；B.responsibility責(zé)任；C.comfort安慰；D.potential潛力。根據(jù)下文“toguardourcourt”可知，教練給作者的應(yīng)該是在場(chǎng)上主防的重任。故選B。【48題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然有點(diǎn)失望，我還是接受了。A.cheerful高興的；B.satisfied滿(mǎn)意的；C.frightened害怕的；D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)上文“Unwillingly,Idecidedtotakethatrole”可知，作者本來(lái)就不愿意做防守球員，所以有些失望。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，在比賽接近尾聲時(shí)，Milwaukee教練試圖擴(kuò)大差距，給了我一個(gè)寶貴的機(jī)會(huì)。A.mood情緒；B.rush沖；C.attempt試圖；D.position位置。根據(jù)下文“towidenthegap”可知，拉開(kāi)分差應(yīng)該是教練想要做的事情。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，在比賽接近尾聲時(shí)，Milwaukee教練試圖擴(kuò)大差距，給了我一個(gè)寶貴的機(jī)會(huì)。A.lesson課；B.method方法；C.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；D.suggestion建議。根據(jù)下文“Heaskedmetoorganizeanattack.”可知，這是教練給作者的一次進(jìn)攻的機(jī)會(huì)。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我把球運(yùn)到中圈附近，然后投籃。A.kicked踢；B.held舉辦；C.caught抓；D.shot投射。根據(jù)下文“Itwasa________three-pointplay”可知，作者把球運(yùn)到中圈附近，然后投籃。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的三分球，幾分鐘后冠軍就屬于我們了。A.key關(guān)鍵的；B.rare稀有的；C.typical典型的；D.possible可能的。根據(jù)下文“minuteslaterthechampionshipwasours”可知，作者這一投決定了他們獲得冠軍，所以是很關(guān)鍵的一球。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：站在歡呼的觀眾之中，我開(kāi)始意識(shí)到團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的重要性。A.wish希望；B.realize意識(shí)到；C.advise建議；D.achieve實(shí)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“theimportanceofteamwork.”可知，這是作者意識(shí)到的內(nèi)容。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：正Milwaukee教練所說(shuō)，“糟糕的球隊(duì)通常有一兩名球員脫穎而出；好的球隊(duì)有五名球員共同努力。當(dāng)沒(méi)有人在乎誰(shuí)能獲得榮譽(yù)時(shí)，能取得的成就真是令人驚訝?！盇.Poor糟糕的、差的；B.Professional專(zhuān)業(yè)的；C.Native本土的；D.Capable有能力的。根據(jù)下文“goodteamshavefivewhoworktogether.”可知，這是把好的球隊(duì)和差的球隊(duì)相對(duì)比。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正Milwaukee教練所說(shuō)，“糟糕的球隊(duì)通常有一兩名球員脫穎而出；好的球隊(duì)有五名球員共同努力。當(dāng)沒(méi)有人在乎誰(shuí)能獲得榮譽(yù)時(shí)，能取得的成就真是令人驚訝。”A.present禮物；B.honor榮譽(yù)；C.support支持；D.income收入。根據(jù)上文“goodteamshavefivewhoworktogether.”可知，好的球隊(duì)里面，每個(gè)隊(duì)員都很有團(tuán)隊(duì)精神，所以都不會(huì)在意誰(shuí)獲得榮譽(yù)。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheYellowCraneTowerisoneoftheFourGreatTowersofChina.___56___(seat)atthetopofSnakeHill,onthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver,thissymbolicbuildingisoneofthe___57___(great)landmarksinWuhan.Thereareanumberoflegendswhichtell___58___theYellowCraneTowercameintobeing.OneofthemisthestoryofawinemerchantnamedXin.Itisbelievedthatoneday,___59___immortalbeing(神仙)pretendedhewasapoormanandgotintoXin’swinestore.Xin,showingnojudgement,___60___(offer)themansomefreewine.ThepoormancamebackdayafterdayforseveralyearsandXinalwayswelcomedhimwiththesame___61___(warm).Oneday,asthepoormanleftthestore,hetooksomeorangepeelanddrewapictureofacraneuponthewall.Hesaidifheclappedhishands,thecranewouldcomedownfromthewallanddanceforhim.___62___(surprise),whatthepoorm