河北省保定市定州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題（含答案解析）

2023—2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末調(diào)研考試高一英語試題注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wherearethespeakersgoing?A.Theairport.B.Thetrainstation.C.Thebusstation.2.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonFriday?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Hostandguest.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Sisterandbrother.4.Whatistheman?A.Asalesman.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacher.5.Whenisthefirstpianoclass?A.OnJune22nd.B.OnJune26th.C.OnJune29th.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.HowdoesMartinfeelaboutthecomingexam?A.Relaxed.B.Confident.C.Stressed.7.WhatdoesthewomanadviseMartintodo?A.WatchTV.B.Haveasleep.C.Continuereviewing.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whendidthewomangocamping?A.LastWednesday.B.LastFriday.C.LastSaturday.9.Whatdidthewomanlikedoingduringhercampingtrip?A.Buildingacampfire.B.Listeningtostories.C.Lookingforinsects.10.Whowillthemangocampingwith?A.Hisclassmates.B.Hisfather.C.Thewoman.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whydoesthewomanchangethetimeofherdancelessons?A.Toswim.B.Togoforaninterview.C.TostudywithEvan.12.WhatwillthewomandowithherfriendsthisWednesday?A.Seeafilm.B.Gotothepark.C.Visitthemuseum.13.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?A.Askirt.B.Aticket.C.Adancingdress.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atapostoffice.B.Inastreet.C.Atatheater.15.Whatisthebuildingnexttothetheater?A.NewWorldStore.B.TheCityHall.C.TheGreatHotel.16.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonext?A.Gotoabank.B.Dosomeshopping.C.WalktotheRichHotel.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howdoesthespeakersuggestgoingtothezooonweekends?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Byunderground.18.Howmuchshouldanadultpayfortheentranceticket?A.3pounds.B.7pounds.C.15pounds19.Howcanyoubookaschooltriptothezoo?A.OntheInternet.B.Byphone.C.Throughemails.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Animals.B.Aterriblestorm.C.Thereopeningofazoo.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFourArtStudyAbroadProgramsin2024Whetheryoulovearthistory,dance,photography,writing,orbeyond,herearethetopartprogramstoattendin2024.The6-weekGapYearCourseinItaly|ArtHistoryAbroadProgramlength:6weeksinsummerPrice:$10,000Ifyou’reinterestedinstudyingartists,criticism,andpaintingtechniquesduringperiodsliketheRenaissanceandstyleslikebaroque,Romanesque,andmodernart,thenthisprogramisforyou.Itpridesitselfonnotsimplyteachingartbutalsocultureandanappreciationofbeauty.CreativeInternships(實習(xí))inAustraliawithABI|ArtBoundInitiativeProgramlength:1monthPrice:$3,250Ifyou’veeverhadaninterestinpursuingacareerinthecreativeindustry,consideraninternshipopportunitywithArtBoundInitiative.Internscanworkinexcitingoverseaslocationswhilegettingone-on-onecareercoachingfromprofessionals.TheIrishArtsandCultureProgram|IrishGapYearProgramlength:1semesterPrice:$17,000ExploreyourownareasofinterestasyouworksidebysidewithlocalIrishartists,photographers,writers,andmusicians,learningaboutIreland’srichculturalandartisticheritage.Yourhands-onexperiencegoeshandinhandwithdaytripstogalleries,museums,andcastles,andattheend,you’llhavetheopportunitytoexhibityourworksattheLeCheileArtExpo.CreativeSemesterinFrance|BerridgeProgramsProgramlength:1semesterPrice:$16,500Whetheryou’reacompletebeginneroranexperiencedperformerorartist,yourinterestsandtalentswillbenurturedbyindustryprofessionals.Duringyourtimehere,youwillworkonimprovingyourskillswhichwillendwithafeaturefilmorcreativeperformance.1.Whereshouldyougotoobtaincareerguidanceaccordingtothetext?A.France. B.Australia. C.Italy. D.Ireland.2.Whichprogramenablesparticipantstodisplaytheirworks?A.The6-weekGapYearCourseinItaly.B.CreativeInternshipsinAustraliawithABI.C.TheIrishArtsandCultureProgram.D.CreativeSemesterinFrance.3.Howmuchshouldanartistpaytoimprovehisperformingskills?A.$3,250. B.$10,000. C.$16,500. D.$17,000.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2024年的四個藝術(shù)留學(xué)項目，涉及藝術(shù)史、舞蹈、攝影、寫作和表演?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“CreativeInternships(實習(xí))inAustraliawithABI|ArtBoundInitiative”部分內(nèi)容“Internscanworkinexcitingoverseaslocationswhilegettingone-on-onecareercoachingfromprofessionals.(實習(xí)生可以在令人興奮的海外地區(qū)工作，同時獲得專業(yè)人士一對一的職業(yè)指導(dǎo))”可知，該項目提供專業(yè)的一對一職業(yè)指導(dǎo)。由此可知，要獲得職業(yè)指導(dǎo)可以去澳大利亞參加該項目。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“TheIrishArtsandCultureProgram|IrishGapYear”部分內(nèi)容“Yourhands-onexperiencegoeshandinhandwithdaytripstogalleries,museums,andcastles,andattheend,you’llhavetheopportunitytoexhibityourworksattheLeCheileArtExpo(你的實踐經(jīng)驗與一日游畫廊、博物館和城堡密不可分，最后，你將有機會在LeCheile藝術(shù)博覽會上展出你的作品)可知，參加該項目會有機會在LeCheile藝術(shù)博覽會上展出自己的作品。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“CreativeSemesterinFrance|BerridgePrograms”部分內(nèi)容“Whetheryou’reacompletebeginneroranexperiencedperformerorartist,yourinterestsandtalentswillbenurturedbyindustryprofessionals.Duringyourtimehere,youwillworkonimprovingyourskillswhichwillendwithafeaturefilmorcreativeperformance.(無論你是一個完全的初學(xué)者，還是一個經(jīng)驗豐富的表演者或藝術(shù)家，你的興趣和才能都將由行業(yè)專業(yè)人士培養(yǎng)。在這里的這段時間里，你將努力提高你的技能，這將以故事片或創(chuàng)意表演結(jié)束)”可知，參加該項目能夠可以提高自己的表演技能，其費用為“Price:$16,500(價格：16500美元)”。故選C項。BLotsofkidsliketotalkaboutsports,butJosephD’AvirrotalksaboutsportslikeaprofessionalhostinashowcalledSliders&Curveballs.The9-year-oldfromNewington,Connecticutisanaturalatsportstalkandhasbeenbroadcastingtheshow—whichisaboutbaseball,basketballandothersports—withhisdad,MikeD’Avirro,sinceSeptember2019.TheD’AvirrostartedthebroadcastaftertwoformercollegeroommatesofMikedied,whichmadeMikewanttospendmoretimewithhisson.Thentheideacametohim.Sofar,theyhavedoneabout50programs.Joseph’sfavoriteiswhenthefather-and-sonteaminterviewedJimCalhoun,thecoachleadingtheConnecticutHuskiestothreenationaltitles.Theyhavealsointerviewedimportantsportsauthors.Thefatherandsonmakeaboutone30-to40-minutepodcasteachmonth.Theyprepareforthepodcastsbydecidingonthequestionstheywanttoasktheguest.Josephaskshalfofthequestions,andMikehandlestheotherhalf.Josephreadshisquestionsagainandagaintogettheminhisbrainwell.Itisalotofwork,butJosephsaysitis“alotmorefunthanhomework”.Josephhasalsolearnedtospeakupandspeakclearly.Hehastolistenandtogowiththeflowoftheconversation.Forexample,hesaid,“Iftheguestistalkingaboutsportsinthe1990s,youhavetothinkaboutsportsinthe1990s.”Whenaskedhowlongheandhisdadwillcontinuedoingtheshow,heanswered,“Untilmydadstartsgrowinggrayhairs.”Josephhasotherambitionswhenhegrowsup—tobeasportsplayer,asportsbroadcasterortoownabasketballteam.Thosearebigdreams,butJosephisalreadylivingadream:talkingsportsandspendingtimewithhisdad.4.WhatisJoseph’sshowabout?A.Sometalkshowsonsports.B.Waystogetalongwithparents.C.Storiesaboutfamoussportsplayers.D.Sportsthathisfamilylovesplaying.5.WhatinspiredMiketostarttheshowwithhisson?A.Hisson’stalentforsports.B.Hiswishtobeahostsincecollege.C.Thedeathsofhiscollegeroommates.D.Theencouragementfromhisroommates.6.WhatdoesJosephthinkofmemorizinghisquestions?A.It’sasboringashomework.B.It’schallengingtohisbrain.C.Ittakesalotoftimebutmeansalot.D.It’smoreinterestingthanhomework.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ArisingsportsbroadcasterB.AlongroadtogotosuccessC.Thefather-and-sonteamhostsD.JosephD’Avirro’sbigdream【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了九歲男孩Joseph和爸爸一起做體育節(jié)目。Joseph喜歡這個節(jié)目，已經(jīng)做了50個節(jié)目，采訪了重要的體育人物和作家。Joseph覺得準(zhǔn)備節(jié)目比做作業(yè)更有趣。他們會一直做下去，直到爸爸變白頭發(fā)。這個故事展示了Joseph實現(xiàn)了與爸爸一起討論體育的夢想?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“The9-year-oldfromNewington,Connecticutisanaturalatsportstalkandhasbeenbroadcastingtheshow—whichisaboutbaseball,basketballandothersports—withhisdad,MikeD’Avirro,sinceSeptember2019.(這位來自康涅狄格州紐因頓的9歲男孩天生擅長體育談話，自2019年9月以來，他一直在和父親MikeD’Avirro一起播報這個關(guān)于棒球、籃球和其他運動的節(jié)目)”可知，

Joseph的節(jié)目是一個關(guān)于運動的體育談話節(jié)目。故選A。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheD’AvirrostartedthebroadcastaftertwoformercollegeroommatesofMikedied,whichmadeMikewanttospendmoretimewithhisson.(在邁克的兩個大學(xué)前室友去世后，D’Avirro開始播報，這讓邁克想花更多的時間和兒子在一起)”可知，大學(xué)室友的去世激發(fā)了Mike與兒子一起做節(jié)目。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Josephaskshalfofthequestions,andMikehandlestheotherhalf.Josephreadshisquestionsagainandagaintogettheminhisbrainwell.Itisalotofwork,butJosephsaysitis“alotmorefunthanhomework”.(Joseph問一半的問題，Mike處理另一半。Joseph一遍又一遍地讀他的問題，把它們牢牢記在腦子里。這是一項繁重的工作，但Joseph說這“比家庭作業(yè)有趣得多”)”可知，對于在談話節(jié)目中要處理的問題，Joseph認(rèn)為這比家庭作業(yè)更有趣。故選D。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，九歲男孩Joseph和爸爸一起做體育節(jié)目。Joseph喜歡這個節(jié)目，已經(jīng)做了50個節(jié)目，采訪了重要體育人物和作家。Joseph覺得準(zhǔn)備節(jié)目比做作業(yè)更有趣。他們會一直做下去，直到爸爸變白頭發(fā)。這個故事展示了Joseph實現(xiàn)了與爸爸一起討論體育的夢想。C選項“Thefather-and-sonteamhosts(父子組合擔(dān)任主持人)”概括文章主要內(nèi)容，符合標(biāo)題。故選C。CInthenorthernmostedgeofColombiasitsthecoastaltownofAcandí.Accesstothetownisonlybywaterorair;thereisnoroadthatleadsthere.Theresidentstherearefacedwiththestrugglesofbalancinglivelihoodswhileprotectingbiodiversity.Inthepast,traditionalcommunityfishingmethods,passeddownbytheelders,focusedonthereasonablefishingandmanagementofresources.However,theintroductionoflarge-scaletrawlingvessels(拖網(wǎng)漁船)decadesagograduallydepletedthearea’sfishingresources,leadingtodamagetomarine(海洋的)lifeseriously.JesúsAntonioJulioCuestas,whoservesintheregion’sconservationandmanagementofmarineresources,stressesthebadimpactofthesedevelopmentsandcallsfornewfishingtechniques.“Fishingandconservationco-existaslongaswehavegoodmanagementpracticesandreasonableuseofourfishingresources,”saysCuestas.HeandotherofficialsactivelymonitorfishingactivitiesinAcandí.Eachmorning,theyvisitthefishmarketstogatherdataonfisheryresources—includingpricesandsizes—tomonitorthestateofthelocalfishingindustry.AlongwithCuestas,thefishersworktoreducetheirimpactonthemarineecosystem.Bychangingfishingmethodsandadoptingnewpractices,theyaimforamorebalancedapproachtofishing.“Thisyearthelocalfishermenhavenotusedthetrawlnetsthatwerecausingthedeathoftheleatherbackseaturtles,”explainsCuestasproudly.Changesincludetheeffortsofboatstoprotecttheseagrassthatservesasfeedinggroundsformarinelifeandanendtofishersthrowingnetswhereturtleslaytheireggs.ThismarinereserveinAcandí,Cuestasbelieves,istheirgreatesttreasure.Heattachesgreatimportancetoworkingtogetherwithlocalresidentstoimprovethequalityoflifewhilepreservingthemarineecosystem.Bydoingso,heimaginesapicturewhereindividualsfromthefishingcommunitycanpursuevariouscareers,suchasengineersorlawyers,proudlystatingthattheyaretheproductsofthefishingtraditioninAcandí.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“depleted”inparagraph2mean?A.Reused. B.Restored.C.Explored. D.Reduced.9.WhydoesJulioCuestascallfornewfishingtechniques?A.Tocutdownonthecostsoffishing.B.Toimprovetheincomeoflocalresidents.C.Topromotethewell-beingofmarinewildlife.D.Tospreadtraditionalcommunityfishingmethods.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theaimofthechangestofishingmethods.B.Theeffortstopreservemarineecosystem.C.Theresultsthetrawlnetshavebroughtabout.D.Theimpactoffishersonthelocalenvironment.11.WhatisJulioCuestas’sattitudetowardsAcandí’sfuture?A.Confident. B.Uncaring.C.Concerned. D.Doubtful.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹的是哥倫比亞最北部的沿海小鎮(zhèn)Acandí，該地的居民在保護生物多樣性的同時努力平衡生計?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的內(nèi)容“Inthepast,traditionalcommunityfishingmethods,passeddownbytheelders,focusedonthereasonablefishingandmanagementofresources.(在過去，傳統(tǒng)的社區(qū)捕魚方法是由長輩傳下來的，注重合理捕撈和資源管理。)”同時根據(jù)劃線詞后面的內(nèi)容“l(fā)eadingtodamagetomarine(海洋的)lifeseriously.(導(dǎo)致海洋生物嚴(yán)重受損。)”可知，傳統(tǒng)的社區(qū)捕魚方法是注重合理捕撈和資源管理的，可是拖網(wǎng)漁船的捕撈方式導(dǎo)致海洋生物嚴(yán)重受損，前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故這種捕撈方式導(dǎo)致海洋捕魚資源不斷減少。故劃線詞與D選項“Reduced.(減少)”為同義詞。故選D。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,theintroductionoflarge-scaletrawlingvessels(拖網(wǎng)漁船)decadesagograduallydepletedthearea’sfishingresources,leadingtodamagetomarine(海洋的)lifeseriously.(然而，幾十年前引進的大型拖網(wǎng)漁船逐漸耗盡了該地區(qū)的漁業(yè)資源，導(dǎo)致海洋生物受到嚴(yán)重破壞。)”以及第三段中“JesúsAntonioJulioCuestas,whoservesintheregion’sconservationandmanagementofmarineresources,stressesthebadimpactofthesedevelopmentsandcallsfornewfishingtechniques.(Jesús負責(zé)該地區(qū)海洋資源保護和管理的AntonioJulioCuestas強調(diào)了這些發(fā)展的不良影響，并呼吁采用新的捕魚技術(shù)。)”可知，因為Jesús注意到了這種捕撈方式對海洋野生動物帶來了消極的影響，因此為了促進海洋野生動物的繁榮，其呼吁使用新的捕撈技術(shù)。故選C?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“AlongwithCuestas,thefishersworktoreducetheirimpactonthemarineecosystem.Bychangingfishingmethodsandadoptingnewpractices,theyaimforamorebalancedapproachtofishing.(漁民們與Cuestas一起努力減少對海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響。通過改變捕魚方法和采用新的做法，他們的目標(biāo)是實現(xiàn)更平衡的捕魚方式。)”以及“Changesincludetheeffortsofboatstoprotecttheseagrassthatservesasfeedinggroundsformarinelifeandanendtofishersthrowingnetswhereturtleslaytheireggs.(變化包括船只努力保護海草，海草是海洋生物的覓食地，漁民不再在海龜產(chǎn)卵的地方撒網(wǎng)。)”可知，本段主要介紹的是保護海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，漁民們與Cuestas所做出的種種努力。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Bydoingso,heimaginesapicturewhereindividualsfromthefishingcommunitycanpursuevariouscareers,suchasengineersorlawyers,proudlystatingthattheyaretheproductsofthefishingtraditioninAcandí.(通過這樣做，他想象了這樣一幅畫面：來自漁業(yè)社區(qū)的個人可以從事各種職業(yè)，比如工程師或律師，并自豪地宣稱他們是Acandí漁業(yè)傳統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)物。)”可知，JulioCuestas認(rèn)為，通過積極的努力以及與漁民的互相合作，漁業(yè)社區(qū)的個人可以追求各種職業(yè)，海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)也得到了保護，人們可以自豪地宣稱他們是Acandí漁業(yè)傳統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)物，因此JulioCuestas對Acandí的未來是充滿希望和信心的。故選A。DLossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia(癡呆),accordingtoanewstudy.“Wefoundthatagingwasassociatedwithadeclineintheamountofthedeepeststagesofsleep,knownasslow-wavesleep.Wethenfoundthatpeoplewithgreaterdeclinesinslow-wavesleepovertimehadahigherriskofgettingdementiaoverthenext17yearsoffollow-up,”saidMatthewPase,seniorauthorofthestudy.Slow-wavesleepisthethirdandfourthstagesofsleep,whichisimportantforbrainhealth.Duringthisstage,thebodyremovesunwantedorharmfulmaterialsfromthebrain.“Forthebrain,thisdeepsleepisthoughttobethemostrestorative,”saidDrRichardIsaacson,whowasn’tinvolvedinthestudy.Theresearcherswantedtoknowwhetherchronic(慢性的)reductionsinslow-wavesleepovertimearelinkedtodementiariskinhumansandwhetherdementia-relatedprocessesinthebrainmaycontributetogettinglessofthistypeofsleep.Theystudied346peoplewithanaverageageof69andcompletedtwoovernightsleepstudies—onebetween1995and1998andthesecondbetween1998and2001—duringwhichtheirsleepwasmonitored.Theresearchersalsoinvestigatedwhetheranychangeintheamountofslow-wavesleepthatparticipantsgotwasassociatedwithdevelopingdementiaupto17yearsaftertheycompletedthesleepstudies.Bythattime,52participantshadbeendiagnosedwithdementia.Eachpercentagedecreaseinslow-wavesleepperyearwaslinkedtoa27percentincreasedriskofdevelopingdementia.Therateofslow-wavesleeplossaccelerated(加速)fromage60,peakedfromages75to80andslowedafterwards.“Thisisanimportantstudyyetagainshowingtheimpactofqualityofsleeponaperson’sriskofcognitivedeclineanddementia,”Isaacsonsaid.“It’simportanttonotonlypayattentiontothetotalamountofsleepapersongetseachnight,butalsomonitorsleepqualityasbestaspossible.”12.Whatcanwelearnfromthenewstudy?A.Theolderyouare,thelesssleepyouwillhave.B.Slow-wavesleephasbeenlinkedtotheriskofdementia.C.Therateofslow-wavesleeplosskeepsgoingupwithage.D.Theamountofsleephasanimpactontheriskofdementia.13.Howdidresearchersgetwhattheywanted?A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Byintroducingaconcept.C.Byreferringtoanotherstudy. D.Bymakingasurvey.14.WhatdidDrRichardIsaacsonsuggest?A.Sleepqualityneedsmoreattention.BWeshouldhaveenoughsleep.C.Theelderlyshouldsleepmorethantheyoung.D.Theamountofsleepismoreimportantthansleepquality.15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Sports. B.Health. C.Education. D.Environment.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要講述隨著年齡增長，人們的深睡眠時間會越來越短。新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果深睡眠時間大幅減少，患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險將會大增?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Lossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia(癡呆),accordingtoanewstudy.(新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著年齡增長，慢波睡眠時間的減少可能會增加患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險)”可知，慢波睡眠與患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險有關(guān)。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theystudied346peoplewithanaverageageof69andcompletedtwoovernightsleepstudies—onebetween1995and1998andthesecondbetween1998and2001—duringwhichtheirsleepwasmonitored.Theresearchersalsoinvestigatedwhetheranychangeintheamountofslow-wavesleepthatparticipantsgotwasassociatedwithdevelopingdementiaupto17yearsaftertheycompletedthesleepstudies.(研究人員調(diào)查了平均年齡69歲的346個人，并且分別在1995年至1998年間以及1998年至2001年間完成了兩項夜間睡眠研究，在這期間對他們的睡眠進行了監(jiān)測。研究人員還調(diào)查了參與者慢波睡眠時間的任何變化是否與完成睡眠研究17年后患癡呆癥有關(guān))”可知，研究人員是通過做調(diào)查的方式得到他們想要的。故選D?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Thisisanimportantstudyyetagainshowingtheimpactofqualityofsleeponaperson’sriskofcognitivedeclineanddementia,”Isaacsonsaid.“It’simportanttonotonlypayattentiontothetotalamountofsleepapersongetseachnight,butalsomonitorsleepqualityasbestaspossible.”(“這項重要研究再次表明了睡眠質(zhì)量對于一個人患上認(rèn)知衰退和癡呆癥風(fēng)險的影響?！卑_克森表示：“我們不光要注意一個人每夜睡眠的總時長，也要盡可能監(jiān)測睡眠質(zhì)量?！?”可知，RichardIsaacson的建議是要多關(guān)注睡眠質(zhì)量。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Lossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia(癡呆),accordingtoanewstudy.(新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著年齡增長，慢波睡眠時間的減少可能會增加患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險)”可知，這是與健康有關(guān)的研究，所以這篇文章很有可能出現(xiàn)在報紙上的“健康”板塊。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Dustingisparticularlyannoying.Nearlytwo-thirdsofhouseholddustcontentcomesfromtheoutdoors,someofwhichmaycontainharmfulchemicals.So,keepingyourhomeasdust-freeaspossibleisimportanttoimproveoverallhealth.____16____？Ingeneral,youshoulddustyourhome’smostexposedsurfacesonaweeklybasis.Thismeansitemssuchastables,shelves,beds,dressers,counter-topsandwindows.____17____.Usemicrofiberornatural-fiberclothsthatwillpickupthedust.Changeyourbedsheetsweekly,asdustmites(螨)especiallylovebedding.____18____.Everythreetosixmonths,cleanbehindandunderfurniture,andwashyourbedding.Sincesomuchdustcomesinfromtheoutdoors,youcancutdownontheamountgatheringinyourhomebykeepingdoorsandwindowsclosedasoftenaspossible,andplacingcarpetsonbothsidesofdoors.____19____,changingthemforapairofslippersorprivatehouseshoes.Getridofoddsandends,whichcaneasilyattractdust,andbecarefulhowyouhandleclothes.Sinceclothesbothcollectsdustandsheds(掉落)fibers,regularlywashanyclothesordon’tthrowclothingontheground.Whenyou’regettingreadytocleanaroom,alwaysworkfromthetopdown.____20____,thedustonthehighestsurfaceswilldriftdowntoeverythingyou’vejustcleaned.A.IfyoudustfromthebottomupB.Howcanwekeepthehomedust-freeC.Whyshouldwekeepthehomedust-freeD.YoucanremoveyourshoeswhenyoucomehomeE.YoucanbuysomenewshoesbeforeyoureturnhomeF.Don’tusefeatherdustersthatsimplypushthedustaroundG.Itemsthatdon’tcollectdusteasilycangoamonthwithoutcleaning【答案】16.B17.F18.G19.D20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了清理家里灰塵的方法。【16題詳解】上文“So,keepingyourhomeasdust-freeaspossibleisimportanttoimproveoverallhealth.”（因此，保持你的家盡可能無塵對改善整體健康很重要。）空格處承接上文，總結(jié)全段。B項“Howcanwekeepthehomedust-free”（我們怎樣才能保持家里無塵）其中“keepthehomedust-free”與上文“keepingyourhomeasdust-freeaspossible”一致。故選B項。【17題詳解】后文“Usemicrofiberornatural-fiberclothsthatwillpickupthedust.”（使用超細纖維或天然纖維布，以收集灰塵。）空格處與后文形成對立關(guān)系。F項“Don’tusefeatherdustersthatsimplypushthedustaround”（不要用雞毛撣子簡單地把灰塵推來推去）其中“Don’tusefeatherdusters”與后文“Usemicrofiberornatural-fibercloths”對立。故選F項?！?8題詳解】后文“Everythreetosixmonths,cleanbehindandunderfurniture,andwashyourbedding.”（每三到六個月，清潔家具的背后和下面，并清洗床上用品。）空格處與后文呼應(yīng)。G項“Itemsthatdon’tcollectdusteasilycangoamonthwithoutcleaning”（不容易收集灰塵的物品可能一個月都不用清潔）其中“Itemsthatdon’tcollectdusteasily”與后文中“cleanbehindandunderfurniture”一致。故選G項?！?9題詳解】后文“changingthemforapairofslippersorprivatehouseshoes.”（把它們換成拖鞋或家居鞋。）空格處與后文形成順承關(guān)系。D項“Youcanremoveyourshoeswhenyoucomehome”（你回家后可以脫鞋）其中“shoes”與后文“them”一致。故選D項。【20題詳解】前文“alwaysworkfromthetopdown”（一定要自上而下地清掃），空格處與前文形成對立關(guān)系。A項“Ifyoudustfromthebottomup”（如果你從下往上撣灰塵）是前文的反面，后接錯誤操作導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。故選A項?！军c睛】第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Everyonedeserveshealthymeals.However,unfortunately,noteveryonehas____21____tofreshfoods,____22____thoseinpoorcommunities.AteenagernamedLaurenSchroeder____23____thiswhenshevolunteeredatacommunityfoodnonprofit.Allvegetablesforfamiliesinneedcameincansandboxes,ratherthanstraightfromthefields.____24____tomakeachange,Laurensetouttogrowproducesoshecoulddonateitto____25____families.“Iwantedpeopletogetthenutritiontheyneededfromfreshvegetables,”Laurensaid.This____26____hertostartagardenonherparents’farm.Whilehermomwassupportive,shemadeher____27____ofhowmuchworkitwouldtake-still,theteenager____28____thechallenge.Tokick-startherproject,Laurengoteconomic____29____fromtheNationalFFAOrganization,which____30____agriculturaleducation,topayforseedsandgardeningsupplies.Then,the____31____workbegan.SincethesummersinIowaareveryhotanddry,shehadtowaterthemdaily.Laurenadded,“Ididalotofresearchonlineandeveryday,ittookabouttwoorthreehours.”Butallherefforts____32____.Herfirstharvestresultedin40poundsofproduce.“Itwasreallygoodtoknowthatanyonewhowantedfreshvegetableswouldbeabletogetthe____33____,”Laurensaid,“IknewthatIwantedtokeepgoing.”Sofar,shehasspentover1,000hoursworkinginthegarden,producing7,000poundsofvegetables.“Iwantto____34____communitymembers.Itmakesa(n)____35____whenyouhelpotherpeopleout.That’swhatmakesmehappiest,”Laurensaid.21.A.invitation B.access C.admission D.ticket22.A.especially B.actually C.obviously D.extremely23.A.confirmed B.appreciated C.recognized D.identified24.A.Arranging B.Determining C.Struggling D.Pretending25.A.musical B.familiar C.unique D.low-income26.A.recommended B.reminded C.inspired D.requested27.A.aware B.confident C.certain D.free28.A.tookup B.lookedinto C.appliedfor D.wentover29.A.guidance B.support C.pressure D.benefit30.A.organizes B.expects C.promotes D.demands31.A.amazing B.specific C.professional D.tough32.A.workedout B.paidoff C.brokeoff D.woreout33.A.reward B.rescue C.honour D.donation34.A.impact B.impress C.challenge D.observe35.A.discovery B.profit C.difference D.intention【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.C27.A28.A29.B30.C31.B32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，主要講述了一個叫LaurenSchroeder的青少年如何在社區(qū)食品非營利組織做志愿者時意識到了窮人社區(qū)缺乏新鮮食物的問題，并決心種植蔬菜來捐贈給低收入家庭。她獲得了國家FFA組織的經(jīng)濟支持，開始在父母的農(nóng)場上種菜。經(jīng)過努力，她的項目取得了成功，產(chǎn)出了大量蔬菜，并幫助了社區(qū)成員?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而不幸的是，并不是每個人都能獲得新鮮食物，尤其是在貧困社區(qū)。A.invitation邀請；B.access通道，機會；C.admission錄用；D.ticket票。根據(jù)上文“Everyonedeserveshealthymeals.”可知每個人都值得健康飲食。以及However表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可推知并不是每個人都能獲得新鮮食物，accessto意為“有機會獲得”符合語境。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，不幸的是，并不是每個人都能獲得新鮮食物，尤其是在貧困社區(qū)。A.especially尤其；B.actually事實上；C.obviously明顯地；D.extremely極其。根據(jù)上文“Everyonedeserveshealthymeals.However,unfortunately,noteveryonehas

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tofreshfoods”可知每個人都值得健康飲食，但并不是每個人都能獲得新鮮食物，尤其是貧困地區(qū)的人民更無法得到新鮮事物，表示突出強調(diào)。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一位名叫LaurenSchroeder的青少年在一家社區(qū)食品非營利組織做志愿者時認(rèn)識到了這一點。A.confirmed確認(rèn)；B.appreciated欣賞；C.recognized認(rèn)識；D.identified確認(rèn)。根據(jù)下句“Allvegetablesforfamiliesinneedcameincansandboxes,ratherthanstraightfromthefields”可知所有供給需要的家庭食用的蔬菜都是罐裝或盒裝的，而不是直接從地里運來的。表面Lauren在一家社區(qū)食品非營利組織做志愿者時認(rèn)識到了這一點。故選C項。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Lauren決心做出改變，開始種植農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，以便捐贈給低收入家庭。A.Arranging安排；B.Determining決定；C.Struggling奮斗；D.Pretending假裝。根據(jù)“Laurensetouttogrowproduce”可知Lauren開始種植農(nóng)產(chǎn)品捐贈給低收入家庭，說明她決心做出改變。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Lauren決心做出改變，開始種植農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，以便捐贈給低收入家庭。A.musical音樂的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.unique獨特的；D.Low-income低收入的。根據(jù)前文“However,unfortunately,noteveryonehas

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tofreshfoods,

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thoseinpoorcommunities.”可知并不是每個人都能獲得新鮮食物，尤其是在貧困社區(qū)。說明Lauren開始種植農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，是為了捐贈給低收入家庭。故選D項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這激發(fā)了她在父母的農(nóng)場上開辟花園的靈感。A.recommended推薦；B.reminded提醒；C.inspired激勵，激發(fā)；D.requested請求。根據(jù)前文“Iwantedpeopletogetthenutritiontheyneededfromfreshvegetables”可知她希望人們從新鮮蔬菜中獲得所需的營養(yǎng)，這激發(fā)了她在父母的農(nóng)場上開辟花園的靈感。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然她媽媽支持她，但她讓她意識到需要做多少工作。盡管如此，這名少年還是接受了挑戰(zhàn)。A.aware意識到的；B.confident自信的；C.certain一定的；D.free自由的。根據(jù)后文“SincethesummersinIowaareveryhotanddry,shehadtowaterthemdaily.Laurenadded,‘Ididalotofresearchonlineandeveryday,ittookabouttwoorthreehours.’”可知由于愛荷華州的夏天非常炎熱干燥，她不得不每天澆水，花費2、3個小時。說明她意識到了需要做多少工作，確還是接受了挑戰(zhàn)。故選A項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：雖然她媽媽支持她，但她讓她意識到需要做多少工作。盡管如此，這名少年還是接受了挑戰(zhàn)。A.tookup開始從事；B.lookedinto調(diào)查；C.appliedfor申請；D.wentover復(fù)習(xí)。根據(jù)“kick-startherproject”可知她想啟動她的項目，說明她接受了挑戰(zhàn)。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了啟動她的項目，Lauren得到了促進農(nóng)業(yè)教育的國家FFA組織的經(jīng)濟支持，以支付種子和園藝用品的費用。A.guidance指導(dǎo)；B.support支持；C.pressure壓力；D.benefit好處。根據(jù)后文“topayforseedsandgardeningsupplies”可知她得到了支付種子和園藝用品的費用，這些費用來自國家FFA組織的經(jīng)濟支持，目的是促進農(nóng)業(yè)教育。故選B項。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了啟動她的項目，Lauren得到了促進農(nóng)業(yè)教育的國家FFA組織的經(jīng)濟支持，以支付種子和園藝用品的費用。A.organizes組織；B.expects期盼；C.promotes促進；D.demands要求。根據(jù)后文“topayforseedsandgardeningsupplies”可知她得到了支付種子和園藝用品的費用，這些費用來自國家FFA組織，目的是促進農(nóng)業(yè)教育。故選C項?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，具體工作開始了。A.amazing