英語(yǔ)代詞用法

-?格：主格（做主語(yǔ)）：I,We,You,You,He,She,They,

It

賓格（作賓語(yǔ)）：Me,Us,You,You,Him,Her,It,Them

分類(lèi)：1.形容司性物主代詞：my,our,your,your,him,herJts,their

2.名詞性物主代詞:mine,ours,yours,yours,his,hers,its,theirs

3.反身彳煙：myse1f,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,itself,themselves

4.相互就:eachother,oneanother

5.指示低:this,that,these,those

6.疑問(wèn)代詞：who,whom,whose,what,which

7.關(guān)系代詞：who,whom,whose,that,which

8.連接代詞：who,whom,whose,what,which

9.彳'定代a司:some'any，allmone?both1eitherJneither^ach'every'other,another?much,no,the

other,others,theothers,noone,many,few,little,afew,alittle'one

二^重難點(diǎn)解析

1.反身代詞及其常見(jiàn)搭配：byoneself,foroneself,enjoyoneself,bynotoneself（感至!|不舒服）1come

tooneself（蘇酉星）Jaketooneself,makeoneselfathome,seatoneself,dressoneself,devoteoneself

to,he1poneselfto,ki11oneself,introduceoneself,

behaveoneself,

例：Tom,behaveyourself.Youarenotakidanymore.

2.both兩個(gè)都，either兩個(gè)中的任意一個(gè)，neither兩個(gè)都不

all兩個(gè)以上都，any兩個(gè)以上中的任意一個(gè)，none兩個(gè)以上都不

3.afew,few,many,some+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)

alittle,little,much,some+不嗷名詞

nota1itt1e=verymuch

notabit=notata11

4.some和any的區(qū)另!J

例：Haveyouanybananas?（疑問(wèn)句）

Yes,Ihavesome\No,Ihaven'tany.（some肯定句?any疑問(wèn)句）

Wouldyouliketogivemesome,ifyouhaveany/some?

（some用于防I句表“建議，請(qǐng)求，反問(wèn)”，還可以用于條件句中）

---yes,rdloveto.Youcancomtogetthemanydayyoulike.

（any用于肯定句中任翦一-??隨便哪一???”）

由some或any構(gòu)成斷1箭成口此。

e.hereissomethin?Iwanttoaskyou.

②Thereisn'tanyIhin■Iwanttoaskyou.

③Isthereanythingyouwanttoaskme.

（五）one,ones泛指前面提及的人或物。

theone,theones特制替提鬧的人或物。

that,those同theone,theones指代不一藪名詞時(shí)只能用that

a/the+adj.-Fone/ones時(shí)無(wú)后置定語(yǔ)

e.gIwanttobuyaflatinthisdistrictthanoneinthatdisty.

Bridgebuiltofstonearestrongerthanonesbuiltofwood.

Theradiomadeinourfactoryisbetterthantheone/thatinyoufactory.

Theradiomadeinourfactoryarebetterthantheones/thoseinyoufactory.

TheweatherinShanghaiisbetterthanthatinBeijing.

Iprefertheredrosestothewhiteone.

Ifyoulikethatwatch,I,11buyanewone.

①TheweatherofthisyearisbetterihaIoflastyear.

②ThecultureandcustomsofAmericaarelikethoseofCanada.

（of短語(yǔ)中時(shí)，只用that/those）

便neither,not???either,none,no,not---any/a,nothing,noone,nobody,nowhere,never,

not???ever,notata11,notabit表完全否定。

both,??not/not,--both,all??,not/not…all,everynot/not,-,every,few,thewhole---not/not,the

whole,noteveiywhere,notalways,notentirely,notcompletely,notnecessarily表示部分否

定。

e.g--------Whichofthesetwowouldyoulike?

-----1don'tlikeeitherofthem.Tminterestedinneitherone

uEverythingisnotright"doesn'tmean“Nothingisright”

“Hedoesn*talwayshelpothers"doesn*tmean“Heneverhelpothers”

"Ican'tfindhimanywhere“means“Icanfindhimnowhere”.

化）----Whoisintheclassroom?

--------Noone/Nobody（回答who開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句）

------Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?

____None.

______Howmuchmilkisthereinthefridge?

____None.

____Whatisinyourhand?

Nothing（nothing回答what問(wèn)句）

------Didyouseeanyoneinthefilm?_____Noone.（泛指）

____Didanyoneofyouseethefilm?-------None.（特指）

（八）another,theother…，theothers,othersothers.

見(jiàn)5年高考，3年擬模P14

（九）so.not也可詞作代

Eg.-------Doyouthinkit'sgoingtorainovertheweekend?

----Ibelieveso/Ithinkso…

————No,Idon'tthinkso/Ibelievenot???

常見(jiàn)用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞

;think/believe/expect/guess/imagine/hope/fear/say/suppose/tell/heai7beafraid等

to也可代替不定式，以避免重復(fù).

Eg----Doyouexpecttolivehere?

---Yes,Iexpectto/so.

但是，-----Doyouexpectthathewilllivehere?

--------Yes,Iexpectso.（不可用to?西主語(yǔ)不同）

（十）常見(jiàn)的不定代詞短語(yǔ)

Oneafteranother=onebyone相繼，依次'theotherday前幾天，theotherday（幾天前）某一天，

everyotherday=everytwoday=everysecondday,someotherday改天,every/eachlime每

次,otherthan除了'（morethan不僅,不止?ratherthan而不是Aeverynowandthen時(shí)常,

間或Tneveryway在個(gè)方面5inotherwords換句話(huà)說(shuō)‘everyotherboy（單數(shù)）所有其他

孩子nothingmorethan只不過(guò)是,??而已theotherhand??,ontheonehand,somethinglike

像…之類(lèi)的

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英語(yǔ)作文萬(wàn)能模板

對(duì)比觀點(diǎn)題型

（1）要就述兩個(gè)對(duì)立的觀點(diǎn)并給出自己的看法。

1,有一?些漱為。。。2,另一些雙為。。。3,我的看法?！?/p>

ThetopicofX---（融）

isbecomingmoreandmorepopularrecently.Thereai'etwosidesofopinionsaboutit.SomepeoplesayAisthe

irfavorite.Theyholdtheirviewforthereason------------------------（支持A的理由一）

Whatismore,----------------------（理由二）.Moreover,--------------------------（理由三）.

WhileothersthinklhatBisabetterchoiceinthefollowingthreereasons.Firslly,..............................（支持B的

理由一）.Secondly（besides）,--------------------（理由二）.Thirdly（finally）,----------------（理由三）.

Frommypointofviewjthink-------------------（我的觀點(diǎn)）.Thereasonisthat-----------------------（原

S）.Asamatteroffact,therearesomeotherreasonstoexplainmychoice.Forme,theformer/latterissurelya

wisechoice.

（2）給出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，要求考生反時(shí)這一觀點(diǎn)

Somepeoplebelievethat?-----------------（觀點(diǎn)一）.Forexample,theythink?--------------------（舉例

說(shuō)明），Anditwi11bringthem③------------------------------（為他們帶來(lái)的好處）.

Inmyopinion,Ineverthinkthisreasoncanbethepoint.Foronething,@...................-（我不同意該看法的

理由一）.Foranotherthing,⑤--------------------------------（反對(duì)的理由之二）,

Formallwhatlhavesaidjagreetothethoughtthat?------------------（總結(jié)我對(duì)文章所討論主題的

1-闡述名言或主題所蘊(yùn)涵的意義?

2?分儺痢使其更充實(shí)?

Thegoodoldproverb----------------------（名言^5^語(yǔ)）remindsusthat----------------------（釋

義）.Indeed,wecanlearnmanythingsformit.

Firstofall,---------------------------（理由一）.Forexample,-------------------------------（舉例說(shuō)

明）.Secondly,-----------------------（理由二）.Anothercaseisthat-----------------------（舉例說(shuō)

明）.Furthermore,-------------------------------------------------（理由三）?

Inmyopinion,????????????????（我覦

^）.Inshort,whateveryoudo,pleaserememberthesaying------A.Ifyouunderstanditandapplyittoyourstu

dyorwork,you'11necessarilybenefita1otfromit.

解決方法題型

要求攀世1娜決問(wèn)題的多種途徑

1?問(wèn)題現(xiàn)狀2?梅解決（解決方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)）

Inrecentdays,wehavetofacetheproblemX,whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.First,------------（說(shuō)

明A覷狀）?Second,---------------------------------（舉例進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明現(xiàn)狀）

ConfrontedwilhX,weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Foronelhing,——

--（解決方法?）.Foranotherthing,----------（解決方法二）.Finally,----------（解決方法

H）.Personally,Ibelievethat--------------（我的解方

^.Consequently,Tmconfidentthatabrightfulureisawaitingusbecause-------（帶來(lái)的好處）?

說(shuō)明利弊題型

這種題型往往要求先說(shuō)明一下現(xiàn)狀再對(duì)比事物本身的利弊有時(shí)也會(huì)單從一個(gè)角度（利

或弊）媵，最后往往要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度（或?qū)κ挛锴熬疤岢鲱A(yù)測(cè)）

1說(shuō)明事物現(xiàn)狀2事物本身的優(yōu)缶想（或一方面）3你對(duì)現(xiàn)狀（或前景）的看法

NowadaysmanypeoplepreferXbecauseithasasignificantroleinourdailylife.Generally,itsadvantagesca

nbeseenasfollows.First?.....................（X的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一）.Besides?.........................-（X的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之

二）

Buteverycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoappai-ent.Oneoftheimpoilantdisadvantagesistha

t.....................（X的第一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)或壞處）-Tomakemattersworse,................（X的第二個(gè)缺點(diǎn)

或處壞）^

Throughtheaboveanalysisjbelievethatthepositive/negtiveaspectsovereeighthenegative/posetiveone

s.Therefore,Iwouldliketo-------------------------------（我的看法）,

（FromthecomparisonbetweenthesepositiveandnegativeeffectsofX,weshouldtakeitreasonablyanddoit

accordingtothecircumstanceswearein.Onlyinthisway+^IJ^^------------（對(duì)前景的預(yù)測(cè)）?）

議論文的框架

（1）不觀點(diǎn)列舉型（選擇型）

Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissue__X作目

.Butitiswellknownthattheopinionconcemingthishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.Amajority

ofpeoplethinkthat_觀點(diǎn)一

.Intheirviewsthereai-e2factorsconlributingtothisattitudeasfollows:inthefirstplace,___原因

--.Furthermore,inthesecondplace,__原因二.Soitgoeswithoutsayingthat___觀點(diǎn)一

People,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Somepeople

holdtheideathat___觀點(diǎn)二_______.Intheirpointofview,ontheonehand'___原因一

.Ontheotherhand,原因二.Therefore,thereisnodoubtthat___觀點(diǎn)二

(2)利議弊論型文的

Nowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)___X作次題目

.Infact,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesinX題目議題

.Generallyspeaking,itiswidelybelievedthereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows.Firstly,__優(yōu)

點(diǎn)一Andsecondly___優(yōu)點(diǎn)二

.Justasapopularsayinggoes,everycoinhastwosides",X討論議題

isnoexception,andinanotherword,itstillhasnegativeaspects.Tobeginwith,___缺點(diǎn)一

___________.Inaddition,______缺點(diǎn)二____________.

Tosumup,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof__討論議題

____intofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.Inthatcase,wewilldefinite

1ymakeabetteruseofthe_________討論議題______.

(3)答題性議論文

Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)―X作文題目

.Itisreallyanimportantconcemtoevei7oneofus.Asaresult,wemustsparenoeffortstotakesomem

easurestosolvethisproblem.

Asweknow，therearemanystepswhichcanbetakentoundothisproblem.Firstofall,_途徑一

.Inaddition,anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofthesolvingproblemis___途徑二.

Aboveall,tosolvetheproblemof______X作目

,weshouldfindanumberofvariousways.ButasfarasIamconceniedJwouldprefeitosolvetheprobl

eminthisway,thatistosay,方法.

4)諺語(yǔ)警句性議論文

Itiswellknowntousthattheproverb:"_____X諺語(yǔ)

"hasaprofbundsignificanceandvaluenotonlyinourjobbutalsoinourstudy.Itmeans_____諺語(yǔ)

的含義.Thesayingcanbeillustratedthroughaseriesofexamplesasfollows.(alsotheoretically)

Acaseinpointis___例子一

.Therefore,itgoeswithoutsayingthatitisofgreatimportancetopracticetheproverb_____X諺語(yǔ)

WiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinChina,anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometoreali

zethatitisalsoofpracticalusetosticktothesaying:______X諺語(yǔ)

.Themoreweai*eawareofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdai

1ystudyandjob.

圖表作文

Asisshown/indicated/illustratedbythefigure/percentageinthe

tableCgraplVpicture/pie/chait).___X作文題目的議題_____hasbeenarise/decrease/increase/drop或

significantly/dramatically/steadilyrising/decreasingfromintoin.Fromth

esharp/markeddecline/riseinthechart,itgoeswithoutsayingthat.Thereareatleast

twogoodreasonsaccountingforit.Ontheonehand,.Ontheother

hand,.isduetothefactthat.Inaddition,is

responsiblefor.Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow.

Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsare

commonlyconvincing.

AsfarasIamconcerned,Iholdthepointofviewthal________.1amsuremy

opinionisbothsoundandwell-grounded.

現(xiàn)象說(shuō)明文

RecentlywhatamazesusmostisX,itistinethat.Therearemanyreasonsexpl

aining________X________.Themainreasonis____________________.whatismore,_____________

.Thirdly,.Asaresult,.Consideringallthese

____.Fomnething,_______________,fbranother,____________.InConclusion,_________________

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高i都牒法重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)回顧

1主謂致?？茧y題：

Fiveminutesisenoughtodothisexercise,

Eachboyandeachgirlwantstoservethepeopleinfuture?

Morethanonestudenthasseenthefilm.

Manyashiphasbeendamagedinthestorm.

Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.

一些有兩個(gè)部分構(gòu)成的名詞表示衣物或工具作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式：glasses,

clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses,chopsticks,scissors等。

但如果主語(yǔ)用akindof,apairof,aseriesof等加名詞構(gòu)成時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。

Apairofshoeswasonthedesk-

并列主語(yǔ)如果指的是同一個(gè)人同一事物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，這時(shí)and

后面詞斷殳名有冠詞。例如：

Truthandhonestyisthebestpolicy?

Thegirl'steacherandfriendisayoungdoctor?

Toloveandtobelovedisthegreathappiness.

Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisagoodhabit.

Aknifeandforkisonthetable.

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面跟有aswellas,asmuchas,nolessthan,alongwith,with,like,ratherthan,together

with,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto等引導(dǎo)的詞組時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)

按語(yǔ)主的單、復(fù)數(shù)而定。例如：

Theteacheraswellasthestudentswasexcited,

Theroomwithitsfurniturewasrented?

A(great)numberof修飾可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；agreatdealof,alargeamountof

修飾不可數(shù)名詞，其罐作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

關(guān)系代詞who,that,which等在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的

數(shù)一致。例如：

Thosewhowanttogopleasesignyournameshere?

Someoftheenergythatisusedbymancomesfromthesun?

季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、假日、一日三餐、學(xué)科名稱(chēng)，球類(lèi)、棋類(lèi)名詞名稱(chēng)前一般不

加詞冠。

1/2one(a)half1/4one(a)quarter

2形詞容的順序：

系動(dòng)詞be，grow，get?become,feel'appear?prove‘seemjlook'keep‘smell5taste'

sound，turnremain限定詞+數(shù)量形容詞(序數(shù)詞在前，基數(shù)詞在后)+性狀形容詞+大小、

長(zhǎng)短、高低等形體+新舊+顏色+國(guó)藉+材料

Thosethreebeautifullargesquareo1dbrownwoodtable

某些以a-開(kāi)首的形容詞例如：afraid?alike?alone>asleep,awake,alive等只能作表語(yǔ),

不語(yǔ)能。作定

某些以?ly結(jié)尾的詞是形容詞而不是副詞:friendly?lively?lovely5lonelyjlikely*deadly?

silly，orderly,timely等。

l)close接近地closely仔細(xì)地，密切地

2)free免費(fèi)地freely自由地，無(wú)拘束地

3)hard努力地hardly幾乎不

4)1ate晚遲lately近來(lái)

5)most極，非常mostly主要地

9)1oud大聲地loudly大聲地(含有囑的意思)

10)near鄰近nearly幾乎

3比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)

表示一方不及另一方時(shí)，用“l(fā)ess+原級(jí)+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示：Thisroomislessbeautifulthan

thatone-

表示一方超過(guò)另一方的程度或數(shù)量時(shí)，可在比較級(jí)前加表示程度的狀語(yǔ)，如：even，alol，

abit1alittle‘still?much‘far,yet,byfar等修飾:Heworksevenharderthanbefore?

注意:byfar通常用于強(qiáng)調(diào)最高級(jí)。用于比較級(jí)時(shí)，一般放在比較級(jí)的后面，如放在前面,

應(yīng)在二者中間加“the”

Heistallerbyfarthanhisbrother.

Heisbyfarthetallerofthetwobrothers.

某些以結(jié)尾的形容詞進(jìn)行比較時(shí)'用to代替than°superior?junior?senior等。

HeissuperiortoMr.Wanginmathematics,

在比較從句中為了避免重復(fù)通常用that(those)，。比(ones)代替前面出現(xiàn)的名詞。由at指物，

one既可指人，也可指物。that可代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，而one只能代替可

數(shù)名詞。例如：

Thebookonthetableismoreinterestingthanthatonthedesk?

Aboxmadeofironisstrongerthanonemadeofwood?

表微例比較級(jí)有如下幾種句型：

Aisthree(four,etc.)timesthesize(height,length,width,etc)ofB.

Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesize(theheight)oftheoldone.

這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大(四倍高)?！哺呷丁?/p>

Aisthree(four,etc.)timesasbig(high,long,wide,etc.)asB.

AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亞洲^洲的四倍大。

Aisthree(four,etc.)timesbigger(higher,longer,wider)thanB.

例如：Yourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours.

你們的學(xué)校比我們的學(xué)校大三倍。

表麗倍可以用twice或double

表示“最高程度”的形容詞，如excellent?extreme?perfect等，沒(méi)有最高級(jí)，也不能用比較

級(jí)

4.so,such

如果復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有many、few，不可數(shù)名詞前有much、little等表示量的形容詞時(shí)，該用so

而不用s11ch。如：

I'vehadsomanyfallsthatI'mblackandbluea11over.

Mr.Whitegotsolittlemoneyamonththathecouldhardlykeepbodyandsoultogether.

但little不表數(shù)量而表示“小”的意劇，仍用such。如：

Theyaresuchlittlechildrenthatthetheycannotcleanthehousebythemselves.

5.almost與nearly

在very,pretty,not后用nearly,不用almost。例如：

I'mnotnearlyready.

在any,no,none,never前用almost,不用nearly。例如：

Ialmostneverseeher

6.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

need表示“需要”或“必須”，作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，僅用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中。在肯定句中一般用

must,haveto,oughtto或should代替。例如：

Youneedn1tcomesoearly.

NeedIfinishtheworktoday?------Yes,youmust.

注意：needn'thavedone”表示本來(lái)不必做某事而實(shí)際上做了某事”。例如：Youneedn't

havewaitedforme

"shouldhavedone"表7?Z該做到而實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做到。

Youshouldhavesartedearlier.

“oughttohavedone"表利去應(yīng)做某事而實(shí)際未做。

Yououghttohavehelpedhim(butyoudidn't)

書(shū)報(bào)的標(biāo)題，小說(shuō)等情節(jié)介紹常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

表示感覺(jué)，愿望和狀態(tài)的某些動(dòng)詞如have,be,hear,see,like等詞?般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。

7主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)

有些動(dòng)詞形式上是主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但表示被動(dòng)的意思。常見(jiàn)的有可和well,easily等副詞連用的不

及海力詞sell,wash,write,read,clean,cook等。例如：

Theclothwasheswell.這布很經(jīng)洗。

Thenewproductsellswell.這新產(chǎn)品很暢銷(xiāo)。

Thepenwriteswell.這支筆很好寫(xiě)。

8.虛擬語(yǔ)氣的結(jié)構(gòu)“(sh。