備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語考試易錯點07 動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)（4大陷阱）（原卷版）

易錯點07動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)目錄01易錯陷阱（4大陷阱）02舉一反三【易錯點提醒一】一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時易混易錯點【易錯點提醒二】一般過去時和過去完成時易混易錯點【易錯點提醒三】現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時易混易錯點【易錯點提醒四】主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)易混易錯點03易錯題通關(guān)易錯陷阱1：一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時易混易錯點?！痉治觥恳话悻F(xiàn)在時常與always，often，sometimes，usually等連用或通過上下文表示。一般過去時常與時間狀語連用，或者通過上下文邏輯意思及動詞時態(tài)來體現(xiàn)。連用時間狀語：lastweek,in2021,3daysago,theotherday,inthepast現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果和影響，通常與時間段連用。連用時間狀語：sofar,since,inthepast/last3days,uptonow【高考鏈接】（2023年浙江卷1月）Thelargesiheyuanofthesehigh-rankingofficialsandwealthybusinessmenoften________(feature)beautifullycarvedandpaintedroofbeamsandpillars(柱子).易錯分析：對一般規(guī)則死記硬背，不具體分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意。在時態(tài)題中，上下文的時態(tài)暗示是重要線索。應(yīng)當(dāng)在句中瞻前顧后尋找并列連詞and,but,or,ratherthan,or,notonly...butalso...等前后的謂語動詞形式確定所填謂語動詞的時態(tài)?！敬鸢浮縡eatured【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：這些高級官員和有錢商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房頂橫梁和柱子為特點。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處需要填謂語動詞，再結(jié)合and后動詞時態(tài)可知，空格處應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填featured。易錯陷阱2：一般過去時和過去完成時易混易錯點。【分析】一般過去時過去的動作或情況。過去完成時過去的動作或時間之前發(fā)生的事。連用時間狀語：bytheendof+過去時間，before+過去時間。特殊用法1.下列動詞hope、wish、expect、think、intend、mean、suppose等，用過去完成時表示“原本……(事實上未能……)”。2.This/It/Thatwasthefirst/second/third...timethat...表示“這/那是(某人)第幾次做某事”，that從句中要用過去完成時。3.hardly...when...和nosooner...than...兩個句型中，主句均用過去完成時。易錯陷阱3：現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時易混易錯點。【分析】現(xiàn)在完成時連用時間狀語sofar,since,inthepast/last3days,uptonow過去完成時過去的動作或時間之前發(fā)生的事。即“過去的過去”，句中必須出現(xiàn)表示過去的動作、狀態(tài)或時間狀語。對比Hehasbeenillfortwoweeks。他已經(jīng)病了兩個星期了。Hehadbeenillfortwoweeksbeforeshecameback。在她回來之前，他已經(jīng)病了兩個星期了。易錯陷阱4：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)易混易錯點。 【分析】受母語干擾，翻譯上下文時混淆被動語態(tài)與主動語態(tài)?；煜^語動詞被動語態(tài)構(gòu)詞be+done與非謂語動詞重點過去分詞done。不及物動詞及表示主語品質(zhì)和狀態(tài)的動詞不用被動語態(tài)，如：sell,read,write,lock,wash,drive等。系動詞不用被動語態(tài)，如：look看起來,smell聞起來,taste嘗起來,sound聽起來,feel摸起來,prove證明時,turnout結(jié)果，證明等?！疽族e點提醒一】一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時易混易錯點【例1】（2023年新高考II卷）Asalittlegirl,I________(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.【變式1】(2022年全國高考新高考I卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat________(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.【變式2】（廣東省湛江市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）Thebridge(call)theBachLongsuspensionbridge.Itmeans“WhiteDragon”inVietnamese.【變式3】（廣東省六校2023-2024學(xué)年高三第一次聯(lián)考試題）Pandaconservation,onitsown,_______(be)asuccessuptonow.【易錯點提醒二】一般過去時和過去完成時易混易錯點【例2】（廣東省執(zhí)信中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三開學(xué)試題）Heraisedaglassofwaterandaskedtheaudience,“Howheavydoyouthinkthisglassofwateris?”Thestudents’answers(range)from20gto500g.【變式1】（廣東省七校聯(lián)合體2023-2024學(xué)年高三聯(lián)考試題）NotingChina’sachievementsofgreendevelopmentinurbanandruralareas,ZhangXiaohong,viceministerofhousingandurban-ruraldevelopment,___(stress)thedifficulttaskofsavingenergyandreducingcarbonemissionsinurbanandruralconstructionatapressconferenceonMonday.【變式2】（湖南省百所學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高三聯(lián)考試題）SincetheChinesehighlyqualifiedsilk_________(make)itsfametothewesterncountries,themerchantssoughttheopportunityoftradingChinesesilkalongthisrouteandgainedagreatfortune.【變式3】（河北省2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）Infact,thereisaLanzhouBeefNoodlesrestaurantrightdownstairs,whichisabout100yardsfromourBeijingapartment,MynieceKimcametovisitusinBeijingthissummer,andaftervisitingmanyfancyrestaurants,shedeclaredthisbowlofnoodlestobethebestthingshe(eat)inChinaever.【易錯點提醒三】現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時易混易錯點【例3】（2019年新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ）IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI_____（make）overtheyears.【變式1】（湖南省衡陽市衡陽縣2023-2024年高三試題）OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists（promise）toflyas【變式2】（江蘇省南通市如皋市2023-2024學(xué)年度高三調(diào)研試題）ByAug19,HaihuaIsland_____(receive)over1milliontouristsduringthesummervacation.【變式3】（2024屆河北省百師聯(lián)盟高三聯(lián)考）HementionedthattheChinesemarketissignificantforjadeproducts,andhisbusiness(operate)inChinafor10years.【易錯點提醒四】主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)易混易錯點【例4】（河北省任丘市第一中學(xué)2023年高三試題）WudangmartialartsbasedontheTaoistideology(create)byoneofthemostfamousTaoists,namedZhangSanfengintheearlyyearsoftheMingDynasty.【變式1】（2024屆遼寧省沈陽市渾南區(qū)東北育才學(xué)校一模試題）Today,themodernistcomplex(stock)withsomanyartworksthattheexhibitarenascanshowjustapartofthematatime,makingtheartisticspecialexhibitionsahighlightofanyvisittotheGetty.【變式2】（福建省寧德第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三檢測試題）Thechoiceof“TurretofPalaceMuseum”asthethemefortheminibuildingblockproject(base)onseveralfactors.【變式3】（廣東省湛江市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）Thereinforcedglass(use)forthebridgecanholdupto450peopleatatime.(2022年全國高考新高考I卷語法填空)Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations”.2.（2023年廣東省佛山市順德區(qū)均安中學(xué)高三拉練試題）Anall-timefavoritedishandsymbolofspringtimeinZhejiangisYanDuXian,adelicioussoup(make)withfreshspringbambooshoots,curedporkandfreshpork.3.（福建省泉州市2023年高三四地聯(lián)考試題）DeepinarainforestinHainanprovince,ZhangChenliangpicksupadaddylonglegs(長腿蜘蛛)and(present)ittothecamera,explainingitsfeaturesandlivinghabitsforthebenefitofviewersonashortvideoplatform.4.（福建省泉州市2023年高三四地聯(lián)考試題）Helovedgoingtohisgrandmother’shomeinthecountryside,wherethefields(be)burstingwithvegetablesandreeds(蘆葦).5.（2024屆遼寧省沈陽市渾南區(qū)東北育才學(xué)校一模試題）Workingwithabillion-dollarbudget,hecombinedthemtocreateaworkofarchitecturethatcanexcitevisitorsasmuchastheartcollectioninside(do).6.（遼寧省重點高中2023-2024學(xué)年高三10月試題）Volunteertraveldatesbacktothe1960s,whenAlecDicksonandhiswifeMorafromtheUK____(found)VoluntaryServiceOverseas(VSO),aninternationalvolunteerorganization.7.（河北省任丘市第一中學(xué)2023年高三試題）Apartfromthementalreliefofpeople’smind,anothermajoraspectofTaoistinfluenceonChineseculture(be)its

influenceonmartialarts.8.（河北省石家莊市2023-2024學(xué)年石家莊市一中高三試題）Thesolarterms(create)thousandsofyearsagotoguideagriculturalproduction.Solartermcultureisstillusefultodaytoguidepeople’slives.9.（江蘇省連云港外國語學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteralformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.10.（江蘇省南京市五校2023年高三聯(lián)考試題）“Theon-loanprogram(highlight)closepartnershipsandscientificcooperationbetweenChinaandothercountries.11.（江蘇省南京外國語學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）LastNovember,traditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociatedsocialpracticesinChina(add)totheUNESCORepresentativeListo