河南省駐馬店市河南省駐馬店2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期3月月考英語試題（含答案解析）

環(huán)際大聯(lián)考“逐夢計劃”2023~2024學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期階段考試（一）高一英語試題（試卷總分：150分考試時間：120分鐘）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級、姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hepickeduphisfriend.B.Hewatchedamatch.C.Hewenttothemovies.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inagym.B.Inashop.C.Inaclassroom.3.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Heisapostman.B.Heisastudent.C.Heisapoliceman.4.Whyisthewomanunabletogototheparty?A.Sheissick.B.Shehastowork.C.Sheisn’tinterestedinit.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Vacationdays.B.Thebusinesstrip.C.TheirholidayinHawaii.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Guideandtourist.B.Waiterandcustomer.C.Taxidriverandpassenger.7.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Snowy.C.Rainy.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheinterview?A.Confident.B.Nervous.C.Terrible.9.Whatisthewoman’slastsuggestion?A.Dressneatly.B.Keepsmiling.C.Prepareforquestions.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Lateatnight.B.Intheafternoon.C.Inthemorning.11.Whatdoesthemanwanttodrink?A.Coffee.B.Tea.C.Water.12.Whatisthemandoing?A.WatchingTV.B.Writingapaper.C.Listeningtotheradio.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatisTimgoingtodothisevening?A.Dosomereading.B.Entertainhisfriends.C.Washclothes.14.WhatdoesTimadviseBettytodoontheweekend?A.Havefun.B.StudyEnglish.C.Takephysicalexercise.15.WhendoesBettyusuallygetuponSaturdays?A.At11:00.B.At10:00.C.At9:00.16.HowdoesBettysoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Upset.B.Excited.C.Humorous.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howdidthespeakerhelptheoldlady?A.Hetookhertothehospital.B.Hedrovehertotheshoppingmall.C.Hecarriedherbagsandwalkedherhome.18.Whydidthespeakertelltheoldladyawhitelie?A.Tomakeheraccepthishelp.B.Togetpaidfromher.C.Tocheerherup.19.WhoisRayRobert?A.Apasserby.B.Theoldlady’shusband.C.Thespeaker’sfather.20.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheoldlady?A.Shewasverysick30yearsago.B.Shehelpedhisfatheralot.C.Shelookedafterhimonce.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWhatIsChatGPT?ChatGPTisalargelanguagemodelchatbotdevelopedbyOpenAIbasedonGPT=3.5(Clicktolearnmore).Ithasaremarkableabilitytointeractinaconversationaldialogueformandprovideresponsesthatcanappearsurprisinglyhuman.Largelanguagemodelsperformthetaskofpredictingthenextwordinaseriesofwords.IsChatGPTFreeToUse?TheuseofChatGPTiscurrentlyfreeduringthe“researchpreview”time.ThechatbotiscurrentlyopenforuserstotryoutandprovidefeedbackontheresponsessothattheAIcanbecomebetteratansweringquestionsandtolearnfromitsmistakes.However,ChatGPTisenvisionedasatoolthatthepublicwilleventuallyhavetopaytouse.HowCanChatGPTBeUsed?ChatGPTcanwritecode,poems,songs,andevenshortstoriesinthestyleofaspecificauthor.TheexpertiseinfollowingdirectionselevatesChatGPTfromaninformationsourcetoatoolthatcanbeaskedtoaccomplishatask.Thismakesitusefulforwritinganessayonvirtuallyanytopic.ChatGPTcanfunctionasatoolforgeneratingoutlinesforarticlesorevenentirenovels.Itwillprovidearesponseforvirtuallyanytaskthatcanbeansweredwithwrittentext.Limitations●ChatGPTsometimeswritesplausible-soundingbutincorrectornonsensicalanswers.Fixingthisissueischallenging,as:(1)duringRLtraining,there’scurrentlynosourceoftruth;(2)trainingthemodeltobemorecautiouscausesittodeclinequestionsthatitcananswercorrectly;and(3)supervisedtrainingmisleadsthemodelbecausetheidealanswerdependsonwhatthemodelknows,ratherthanwhatthehumandemonstratorknows.●ChatGPTissensitivetotweaks(微調(diào))totheinputphrasingorattemptingthesamepromptmultipletimes.Forexamplegivenonephrasingofaquestion,themodelcanclaimtonotknowtheanswer,butgivenaslightrephrase(重新措辭),itcananswercorrectly.●Whilewe’vemadeeffortstomakethemodelrefuseinappropriaterequests,itwillsometimesrespondtoharmfulinstructionsorexhibitbiasedbehavior.We’reusingtheModerationAPItowarnorblockcertaintypesofunsafecontent,butweexpectittohavesomefalsenegativesandpositivesfornow.We’reeagertocollectuserfeedbacktoaidourongoingworktoimprovethissystem.1.WhichofthefollowingtaskscanNOTbeperformedbyChatGPT?A.Writingapoem. B.Drawingapainting.C.Writingasong. D.CreatingashortstoryinO.Henry’sstyle.2.WhatcanweknowaboutChatGPT?A.Itonlygivestrueanswers.B.Itisfreeofchargeatthemoment.C.Itslimitationsareeasytoovercome.D.Itcanrespondtoharmfulquestionssometimes.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Awebsite. B.Abrochure. C.Aleaflet. D.Anovel.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了大型語言模型聊天機器人——ChatGPT。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HowCanChatGPTBeUsed?部分的“ChatGPTcanwritecode,poems,songs,andevenshortstoriesinthestyleofaspecificauthor.(ChatGPT可以按照特定作者的風(fēng)格編寫代碼、詩歌、歌曲，甚至短篇故事)”以及“Itwillprovidearesponseforvirtuallyanytaskthatcanbeansweredwithwrittentext.(它將為幾乎任何可以用書面文本回答的任務(wù)提供回應(yīng))”可知，ChatGPT不能執(zhí)行畫畫任務(wù)。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IsChatGPTFreeToUse?部分的“TheuseofChatGPTiscurrentlyfreeduringthe“researchpreview”time.(在“研究預(yù)覽”期間，ChatGPT的使用目前是免費的)”及“However,ChatGPTisenvisionedasatoolthatthepublicwilleventuallyhavetopaytouse.(然而，ChatGPT被設(shè)想為公眾最終必須付費才能使用的工具)”可知，ChatGPT目前是免費的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)WhatIsChatGPT?部分的“ChatGPTisalargelanguagemodelchatbotdevelopedbyOpenAIbasedonGPT=3.5(Clicktolearnmore).(ChatGPT是OpenAI基于GPT-3.5開發(fā)的大型語言模型聊天機器人（點擊了解更多))”可推知，文章可能是從一個網(wǎng)站上摘錄的。故選A。BIn1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牽涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(堅忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:“Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”4.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?A.Toteachinaschool. B.TostudyAmericanhistory.C.Towriteabook. D.Todosightseeing.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect. B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids. D.Theysufferedseverehardships.6.WhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-raising?A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn. B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies. D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.7.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Abookreview. C.Achildren’sstory. D.Adiaryentry.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章是一則書評，簡要介紹了DorothyWickenden的書籍并對其進行了評價?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.-DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood-traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.(1916年，來自紐約奧本市的兩個富裕家庭的女孩——DorothyWoodruff和RosamondUnderwood——來到落基山脈的一個定居點，在一間只有一個房間的學(xué)校教書)”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脈是為了去學(xué)校里教書。故選A項。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,andlikethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.(他們和一個當?shù)丶彝?，哈里森一家一起搬進去，和他們一樣，幾乎沒有隱私，很少洗澡，早上醒來時被子上覆蓋著一層雪)”以及“Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆蓋在冰上)”可推知，女孩們的生活條件非常艱苦，她們的生活飽受磨難。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentaileddrillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段與鐵路建設(shè)有關(guān)，這涉及到在令人眩目的暴風(fēng)雪中鉆穿落基山脈)”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脈的鐵路建設(shè)這一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.(這本書以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奧本結(jié)束)”以及最后一段“Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicismofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.(Wickenden是個很好的講故事的人。大地的遼闊和人們的堅忍使她創(chuàng)作出了一些美麗的作品)”可知，本文簡要介紹了Wickenden的書籍內(nèi)容，并對其進行了評價，所以文本是一篇書評。故選B項?！军c睛】CAccordingtoJimCoan,apsychologistfromtheUniversityofVirginia,holdinghandswithsomeoneyoutrustcanhaveapositiveeffectonyourhealth.Why?Researchershaveshownintheirstudiesthatthesimpleactoftouchcanreducestressandevenlowerheartrate.Inastudy,Jimandhiscolleaguesbroughtcouplesintothelab,andthenputoneoftheminanfMRImachinetoscantheactivityintheirbrains.Whilescanningthem,theparticipantslookedatascreen,andonaseriesoftests,theyeithersawagreencircleorared“X”.Agreencirclemeantthatthetestwouldendshortlyandnothingelsewouldhappen.Ared“X”meantthatinafewseconds,therewasachancethattheywouldreceiveamildelectricshockontheirleg.Theshockwasn’tpainful,butitwasn’texactlycomfortableeither.Duringsomeofthesetests,participantswereinthefMRIscanneralone;duringothers,aresearchercameinandheldtheirhand;andonafinalsetoftests,theirromanticpartnercameinandheldtheirhand.Jimandcolleaguesfoundthatwhenparticipantsthoughttheymightbegettingashock,theyhadalowerstressresponseintheirbrainswhenholdingtheirromanticpartner’shandthanintheothertwoconditions.Andthehappierthecouplessaidtheywereintheirrelationships,themoretheromanticpartner’shandlessened(減弱)thebrain’sresponsetotheshock.Thisstudysuggeststhatwhenwe’restressed,holdingalovedone’shandcanreducethatstress.Theresearchalsosuggeststhattouchhasimmediateandpositiveeffectsonbabies.Skin-to-skincontactcanreducecrying,stress,andimprovesleep.Theseeffectscanbelong-lasting:adults,heldalotwhentheywerebabies,arethemostlikelytobehealthyandwell-adjusted—infact,themoretheywerecarriedinbabyhood,thebettertheyadjustinadulthood.8.Howwouldaparticipantprobablyfeelwhenseeingared“X”?A.Nervous. B.Excited. C.Hopeful. D.Painful.9.Whydidresearchersdosetsoftestsinthestudy?A.Tomakesurethestudyresultsarecorrect.B.Tocomparebrainactivitiesindifferentcases.C.Totesttherelationshipsbetweencouples.D.TocheckthefunctionsofthefMRIscanner.10.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatmaythewriteragreewith?A.Babiesshouldbeheldandcarriedasmuchaspossible.B.Babies’problemscanbesolvedmainlybytouching.C.Theeffectsthattouchinghasonbabiesdon’tlastlong.D.Adultswhowerenotheldasbabiescan’tadjusttosociety.11.Whichofthefollowingmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TouchImprovesBrainFunction B.TouchHappensEverywhereC.TouchHelpsFormGoodHabits D.TouchMakesaBigDifference【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了科學(xué)家的研究成果：來自信任的、親近的人的觸碰可以幫助其緩解壓力，對身體健康有積極作用?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Ared‘X’meantthatinafewseconds,therewasachancethattheywouldreceiveamildelectricshockontheirleg.Theshockwasn’tpainful,butitwasn’texactlycomfortableeither.”（紅“X”表示幾秒鐘后，他們的腿可能會受到輕微電擊。電擊并不痛，但也不是很舒服。）及第三段第二句“Jimandcolleaguesfoundthatwhenparticipantsthoughttheymightbegettingashock,theyhadalowerstressresponseintheirbrainswhenholdingtheirromanticpartner’shandthanintheothertwoconditions.”（吉姆及其同事發(fā)現(xiàn)，當參與者認為他們可能會受到電擊時，與其他兩種情況相比，他們握著愛人的手時，大腦的壓力反應(yīng)更低。）可知，伴隨紅“X”而來的電擊會讓參與者產(chǎn)生緊張及壓力感，只不過握著愛人的手時這種反應(yīng)會降低。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Jimandcolleaguesfoundthatwhenparticipantsthoughttheymightbegettingashock,theyhadalowerstressresponseintheirbrainswhenholdingtheirromanticpartner’shandthanintheothertwoconditions.”（吉姆及其同事發(fā)現(xiàn)，當參與者認為他們可能會受到電擊時，與其他兩種情況相比，他們握著愛人的手時，大腦的壓力反應(yīng)更低。）可知，實驗設(shè)計了不同情況，最后比較的是在不同情況下大腦的壓力反應(yīng)。由此可以推斷出多輪實驗的目的是為了比較在不同情況下被試者大腦活動的情況。故選B項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Theseeffectscanbelong-lasting:adults,heldalotwhentheywerebabies,arethemostlikelytobehealthyandwell-adjusted—infact,themoretheywerecarriedinbabyhood,thebettertheyadjustinadulthood.”（這些影響是長期的：嬰兒時期被抱過的成年人可能會更加健康，調(diào)節(jié)能力會更好，而且，嬰兒時期被抱得越多，成年時期的調(diào)節(jié)能力就越好。）可知，摟抱產(chǎn)生的影響持續(xù)的時間很長，嬰兒時期被抱得越多，成年時期的調(diào)節(jié)能力就越好，所以作者會認可A項“應(yīng)盡可能多抱抱嬰兒”的觀點。故選A項。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。本文第一段說明研究結(jié)論：來自信任的人的觸碰及拉手對健康有積極的影響；第二、三段介紹了研究的過程和發(fā)現(xiàn)：牽著愛人的手可以減少緊張感；第四段為研究的其他發(fā)現(xiàn)：觸碰對嬰兒身心健康的長久影響。所以D項“觸碰產(chǎn)生重大影響”最適合作為本文標題。故選D項。DLarryAbramshasalwaysconsideredhimselfabookworm.Helovedvisitingusedbookstoresandreadingbooksthatothershadenjoyedbeforehim.“Icertainlyliketheexperienceofreading,ofgoingintootherworlds,experiencingothercultures,”Abramssaid.Abramsstartedhisteachingcareer(職業(yè))inarichareabeforemovingtoahighschoolintheunder-resourcedcommunityofLindenwold，NewJersey.‘‘I’dheardoffooddeserts，butI’dneverheardofbookdeserts.AnditoccurredtomethatIteachinabookdesert,’’Abramssaid.“Manyofthekidsinschoolsimplystrugglewithreading.Inmyninth-gradeclassit’sverytypicaltohavekidsreadingatafifth-gradereadinglevel.Andifyou’restrugglingwithreading,you’regoingtobestrugglingwithwriting.”In2017,Abramssprangintoaction.Hemadeacalltohisfriendsandfamily,askingforgentlyusedchildren’sbooks，andinnotime,hehadmorethan1,000ofthem.Hebegandistributingthebookstoyoungmomsandlocalprimaryschools.Thatwasthestartofhisnonprofit,BookSmiles.“TherearemillionsofkidsinAmericawhohaveneverownedabookintheirlives.Iwanttochangethat,”Abramssaid.Hisorganizationhassincecollected,sortedanddistributedhundredsofthousandsofbooksthroughoutNewJerseyandthePhiladelphiaarea,andwillsoonreach1million,Abramssays.BookSmilesencouragesthecommunitytohelpcollectbooksanddropthemoffinthegroup’slargecollectionbins,whicharepaintedwithliterary-themedartworkandlocatedoutsidelocalbusinesses,schoolsandpeople’shomes.Booksareoftendistributedthroughteachers,whocometothebookbankandselectasmanybooksastheywant.“It’safeedingfrenzy(熱潮)whenteachersareabletowalkawaywithbooksthattheytakebacktotheirclassroomlibrariesandstudents,”Abramssaid.“It’slikeanall-you-can-eatbuffetmeetsausedbookstore.”12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Abrams’sstrongdesiretoteachsincechildhood.B.ThetoughlivingconditionsinLindenwold.CThepoorreadinglevelsinthenewschool.D.Thewritingproblemsofthestudents.13.HowdidAbramsstartBookSmiles?A.Byraisingalargesumofmoneyforpoorfamilies.B.Bycollectingandgivingoutusedchildren’sbooks.C.Byaskingforsupportfromthecommunity.D.Byhelpingchildrensetuptheirownlibraries.14Whoplaysthemostimportantroleindistributingbooks?A.Teachers. B.Thegovernment. C.Students. D.Thecommunity.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HandingoutfreebooksbythethousandsB.EnjoyingreadingforawholelifeC.CreatingabrightfutureforstrugglingchildrenD.Livingthrough“bookdeserts”oncampus【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了拉里·艾布拉姆斯在他的教學(xué)生涯發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在一個“書荒”中教書。于是，他給朋友和家人打電話，收集用過的兒童讀物，開始把這些書分發(fā)給年輕的媽媽和當?shù)氐男W(xué)。后來，他成立了非營利組織BookSmiles。拉里·艾布拉姆斯認為閱讀和書籍對孩子的成長非常重要?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“Abramsstartedhisteachingcareer(職業(yè))inarichareabeforemovingtoahighschoolintheunder-resourcedcommunityofLindenwold，NewJersey.‘‘I’dheardoffooddeserts，butI’dneverheardofbookdeserts.AnditoccurredtomethatIteachinabookdesert,’’Abramssaid.“Manyofthekidsinschoolsimplystrugglewithreading.Inmyninth-gradeclassit’sverytypicaltohavekidsreadingatafifth-gradereadinglevel.Andifyou’restrugglingwithreading,you’regoingtobestrugglingwithwriting.”(艾布拉姆斯在一個富裕地區(qū)開始了他的教學(xué)生涯，然后搬到了新澤西州林登沃爾德資源不足的社區(qū)的一所高中?！拔衣犝f過食物沙漠，但我從未聽說過書籍沙漠。我突然想到，我在書的沙漠里教書，”艾布拉姆斯說?！皩W(xué)校里的許多孩子只是在閱讀方面有困難。在我九年級的班級里，孩子們的閱讀水平達到五年級的水平是很常見的。如果你在閱讀上費力，你也會在寫作上費力?！?”可知，本段主要講述艾布拉姆斯所在的新學(xué)校里的學(xué)生的閱讀水平很差。故選C?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In2017,Abramssprangintoaction.Hemadeacalltohisfriendsandfamily,askingforgentlyusedchildren’sbooks，andinnotime,hehadmorethan1,000ofthem.(2017年，艾布拉姆斯開始行動。他給朋友和家人打了個電話，要他們用過的兒童書籍，很快，他就有了1000多本。)和第四段的“Hebegandistributingthebookstoyoungmomsandlocalprimaryschools.Thatwasthestartofhisnonprofit,BookSmiles.(他開始向年輕母親和當?shù)匦W(xué)分發(fā)這些書。這就是他的非營利組織BookSmiles的開始。)”可知，艾布拉姆斯通過收集和分發(fā)二手兒童書籍創(chuàng)辦了BookSmiles。故選B?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Booksareoftendistributedthroughteachers,whocometothebookbankandselectasmanybooksastheywant.(書籍通常是通過教師分發(fā)的，他們來圖書銀行選擇他們想要的盡可能多的書。)”可知，教師在分發(fā)圖書中起了最重要的作用。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段的“Hebegandistributingthebookstoyoungmomsandlocalprimaryschools.Thatwasthestartofhisnonprofit,BookSmiles.(他開始向年輕母親和當?shù)匦W(xué)分發(fā)這些書。這就是他的非營利組織BookSmiles的開始。)”和倒數(shù)第三段“Hisorganizationhassincecollected,sortedanddistributedhundredsofthousandsofbooksthroughoutNewJerseyandthePhiladelphiaarea,andwillsoonreach1million,Abramssays.(艾布拉姆斯說，他的組織已經(jīng)在新澤西和費城地區(qū)收集、整理和分發(fā)了數(shù)十萬本書，很快就會達到100萬本。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章講述了拉里·艾布拉姆斯在他的教學(xué)生涯中發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在一個“書荒”中教書。于是，他給朋友和家人打電話，收集用過的兒童讀物，開始把這些書分發(fā)給年輕的媽媽和當?shù)氐男W(xué)。后來，他成立了非營利組織BookSmiles，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)收集、整理和分發(fā)了數(shù)十萬本書，很快就會達到100萬本。因此推斷A項“分發(fā)成千上萬的免費書籍”為最佳標題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Maybeyouplantoringin2023withanewresolvetoloseweight,exercisemore,notsweatthesmallstuff.Andmaybetheseresolutionssoundfamiliar—maybejustliketheonesyoumadeayearago!Sohowcanyouensurethatyourdeterminationtogethealthierin2023sticks?___16___Dreambig.Wanttocompeteinamarathonortriathlon?Lose50poundsorjustenoughtofitintoclothesyouonceloved?Withperseverance(毅力),encouragement,andsupport,youcandoit.___17___Manywillcheeryouon.Somewillbehappytohelpinpracticalways,suchasbytrainingwithyouortakingontasksyounormallyhandleinordertofreeupyourtime.___18___Anytimeyoufailtomakeachange,consideritasteptowardyourgoal.Why?Becauseeachsincereattemptrepresentsalessonlearned.Whenyouhitasnag(碰釘子),takeamomenttothinkaboutwhatdidanddidn’twork.Maybeyoutookontoobigachallenge?___19___Givethanksforwhatyoudo.Setyoursightsonfinishingthatmarathon,notonrunningit.Ifyoucompetetocomplete,you’llbeawinnerevenifyouwindupwalkingasmuchasyourun.Withexercise—andsomanyothergoalsweset—you’llbenefitevenwhendoinglessthanyou’dliketodo.___20___IfyourgoalforTuesdayisa30-minuteworkoutatthegym,butyouonlysqueeze(擠出)in10minutes,feelgratefulforthat.It’senough.Maybetomorrowwillbebetter.A.Learnfromthefailures.B.Avoidrepeatingpastfailures.C.Anyactivityisalwaysbetterthannone.D.Anambitiousaimofteninspiresotherstohelpyou.E.Trythefollowingtipstohelpyoucreatelong-lastingchange.F.Havingasolidsystemcanhelpyoustaymotivatedandaccountable.G.Ifso,changeintoalessambitiouschallenge,orbreakthebigoneintotiniersteps.【答案】16.E17.D18.A19.G20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了三種想要在2023年變得健康并決心堅持下去的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Sohowcanyouensurethatyourdeterminationtogethealthierin2023sticks?(那么，如何確保你在2023年變得更健康的決心能堅持下去呢?)”可知，文章旨在介紹幾種在2023年想要變得健康并決心堅持下去的方法。由此可知，E.Trythefollowingtipstohelpyoucreatelong-lastingchange.(試試下面的建議，幫助你創(chuàng)造持久的改變)位于第一段末起到了承上啟下的作用。故選E項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)此空前一句“Withperseverance,encouragement,andsupport,youcandoit.(只要有毅力、鼓勵和支持，你就能做到)”及下文“Manywillcheeryouon.Somewillbehappytohelpinpracticalways,suchasbytrainingwithyouortakingontasksyounormallyhandleinordertofreeupyourtime.(許多人會為你加油。有些人會很樂意以實際的方式提供幫助，比如和你一起培訓(xùn)，或者為了騰出你的時間而承擔(dān)你通常處理的任務(wù))可知，作者在此建議要有大的目標，這樣會有很多人會為你加油打氣。由此可知，D.Anambitiousaimofteninspiresothersaroundyou.(一個雄心勃勃的目標通常會激勵你周圍的人)符合語境，“Anambitiousaim”呼應(yīng)小標題“Dreambig”；“others”呼應(yīng)下文“Manywillcheeryouon”。故選D項?！?8題詳解】此空位于本段小標題的位置，根據(jù)本段的下文內(nèi)容“Anytimeyoufailtomakeachange,consideritasteptowardyourgoal.Why?Becauseeachsincereattemptrepresentsalessonlearned.Whenyouhitasnag(碰釘子)，takeamomenttothinkaboutwhatdidanddidn’twork.(任何時候你沒能做出改變，就把它看作是向你的目標邁進了一步。為什么?因為每一次真誠的嘗試都代表著一個教訓(xùn)。當你遇到困難時，花點時間想想什么有用，什么沒用)”可知，本段主要介紹了過去的嘗試雖然失敗了，但是可以作為一種經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)，幫助你了解自己制定的決心是否合適。由此可知A.Learnfromfailures.(從失敗中學(xué)習(xí))符合語境。故選A項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空前一句“Maybeyoutookontoobigachallenge?(也許你接受的挑戰(zhàn)太大了?)”可知，失敗時，反思是否這個挑戰(zhàn)太大了，該段落主要講失敗了要從失敗中學(xué)習(xí)并進行調(diào)整。由此可知，G.Ifso,changeintoalessambitiouschallenge,orbreakthebigoneintotiniersteps.(如果是這樣的話，那就換個不那么有野心的挑戰(zhàn)，或者把大的挑戰(zhàn)分解成小的步驟)就是針對上一句做出的調(diào)整，與前文承接。故選G項。【20題詳解】根據(jù)本段的小標題“Givethanksforwhatyoudo.(感謝你所做的一切)”和空前一句“Withexercise-andsomanyothergoalsweset-you’llbenefitevenwhendoinglessthanyou’dliketodo.(通過鍛煉——以及我們設(shè)定的許多其他目標——即使做得比你想做的要少，你也會從中受益)”及下一句“IfyourgoalforTuesdayisa30-minuteworkoutatthegym，butyouonlysqueeze(擠出)in10minutes，feelgratefulforthat.(如果你周二的目標是在健身房鍛煉30分鐘，但你只擠出了10分鐘，心存感激吧)”可知，決心運動時，即使沒有達到目標，也是很好的。做運動比不做好，C.Anyactivityisalwaysbetterthannone.(任何活動總比什么都沒有做好)符合語境。故選C項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenIwasthirteen,myfamilymovedfromBostontoTucson,Arizona.Beforethemove,myfather___21___usintheliving-roomonafreezingJanuarynight.MysistersandIsataroundthefire,not___22___thattheuniversewouldsuddenlychangeitscourse.“InMay,we’removingtoArizona.”Thewords,sosmall,didn’tseem___23___enoughtoholdmynewlife.ButtheworldchangedandIawokeonatrainmovingacrossthecountry.Iwatchedthe___24___changefromgreentreestoflatdustyplainstohighmountainsasIsawstrangenewplantsthat___25___mysteriesyettocome.Finally,wearrivedandsettledintoournewhome.___26___myoldersistersweresadatthelossoffriends,Ieagerlyexploredournewsurroundings.Oneafternoon,Iwasoutexploring___27___andsawanewkindofcactus(仙人掌).Icrouched(蹲)downforacloserlook.“You’dbetternot___28___that.”Iturnedaroundtoseeanoldwoman.“Areyounewtothisneighborhood?”IexplainedthatIwas,___29___,newtotheentirestate.“MynameisInaThorne.Haveyougotusedtolifeinthe____30____?ItmustbequiteashockafterlivinginBoston.”HowcouldIexplainhowI____31____thedesert?Icouldn’tseemtofindtherightwords.“It’svastness,”sheoffered.“Thatvastness____32____youstandonthemountainsoverlookingthedesert—youcan____33____howlittleyouareincomparisonwiththeworld.____34____,youfeelthatthepossibilitiesarelimitless.”Thatwasit.ThatwasthefeelingI’dhadeversinceI’dfirstseenthemountainsofmynewhome.Again,my____35____wouldchangewithjustafewsimplewords.“Wouldyouliketocometomyhometomorrow?Someoneshouldteachyouwhichplantyoushouldandshouldn’ttouch.”21.A.gathered B.warned C.organized D.comforted22.A.hoping B.admitting C.realizing D.believing23.A.good B.simple C.big D.proper24.A.picture B.ground C.scene D.area25.A.suggested B.solved C.discovered D.explained26.A.If B.After C.Once D.While27.A.aswell B.asusual C.rightaway D.ontime28.A.move B.dig C.pull D.touch29.A.ofcourse B.infact C.afterall D.atleast30.A.desert B.city C.state D.country31.A.found B.examined C.watched D.reached32.A.why B.when C.how D.where33.A.prove B.guess C.sense D.expect34.A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Meanwhile35.A.idea B.life C.home D.family【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.C25.A26.D27.B28.D29.B30.A31.A32.B33.C34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者13歲時與家人一起從波士頓搬到亞利桑那州，以及搬家后生活所發(fā)生的變化?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：搬家前，父親在一個寒冷的一月的夜晚把我們召集在客廳里。A.gathered聚集；B.warned警告；C.organized組織；D.comforted安慰。根據(jù)下文“MysistersandIsataroundthefire,”可知，此處表示父親把孩子們聚集在一起說搬家的事情。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我和姐姐們坐在爐火旁，沒有意識到宇宙會突然改變航向。A.hoping希望；B.admitting承認；C.realizing意識到；D.believing相信。根據(jù)下文“thattheuniversewouldsuddenlychangeitscourse.”可知，此處表示孩子們沒意識到之后的生活會發(fā)生變化。故選C。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這句話太小了，似乎不夠大，無法把握我的新生活。A.good好的；B.simple簡單的；C.big大的；D.proper合適的。根據(jù)上文“Thewords,sosmall”可知，此處與small形成對比，表示這句話不足夠大到把握作者的新生活。故選C。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當我看到暗示即將到來的奧秘的陌生新植物時，我看到了景色在變化，從綠樹到平坦的塵土飛揚的平原再到高山。A.picture圖畫；B.ground地面；C.scene景色；D.area地區(qū)。根據(jù)下文“changefromgreentreestoflatdustyplainstohighmountains”可知，作者看到景色在變化——從綠樹到平原，再到高山。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我看到暗示即將到來的奧秘的陌生新植物時，我看到了景色在變化，從綠樹到平坦的塵土飛揚的平原再到高山。A.suggested暗示，表明；B.solved解決；C.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.explained解釋。根據(jù)下文“mysteriesyettocome”以及語境可知，作者看到了許多陌生的新植物，這暗示了作者即將接觸到更多的奧秘。故選A。26題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：當我的姐姐們?yōu)槭ヅ笥讯瘋麜r，我急切地探索著我們的新環(huán)境。A.If如果；B.After在……之后；C.Once一旦；D.While當……時。根據(jù)下文“myoldersistersweresadatthelossoffriends,Ieagerlyexploredournewsurroundings.”可知，當作者的姐姐們?yōu)槭ヅ笥讯鴤臅r，作者在探索新環(huán)境。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：一天下午，我像往常一樣外出探險，看