2021年高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes-B卷

必修1Unit4Earthquakes（B卷）滾動提升檢測(全卷共四大題，滿分100分。請?jiān)?0分鐘內(nèi)完成)班級____________學(xué)號____________姓名____________得分____________一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分)AIn1989an8.2earthquakealmostflattenedAmerica,killingover30,000peopleinlessthanfourminutes.Inthemidstofutterdestructionandchaos,afatherlefthiswifesafelyathomeandrushedtotheschoolwherehissonwassupposedtobe,onlytodiscoverthatthebuildingwasasflatasapancake.Aftertheunforgettablyinitialshock,herememberedthepromisehehadmadetohisson:“Nomatterwhat,I’llalwaysbethereforyou!”Andtearsbegantofillhiseyes.Ashelookedatthepileofruinsthatoncewastheschool,itlookedhopeless,buthekeptrememberinghiscommitmenttohisson.Hebegantodirecthisattentiontowardswherehewalkedhissontoclassatschooleachmorning.Rememberinghisson’sclassroomwouldbeinthebackrightcornerofthebuilding,herushedthereandstarteddiggingthroughtheruins.Ashewasdigging,otherhelplessparentsarrived,crying:“Myson!”“Mydaughter!”O(jiān)therwell-meaningparentstriedtopullhimoffwhatwasleftoftheschool,saying:“It’stoolate!They’realldead!Youcan’thelp!Gohome!Comeon,facereality,there’snothingyoucando!”Toeachparentherespondedwithoneline:“Areyougoingtohelpmenow?”Andthenhecontinuedtodigforhisson,stonebystone.Thefirechiefshowedupandtriedtopullhimofftheschool’sruinssaying,“Firesarebreakingout,explosionsarehappeningeverywhere.You’reindanger.We’lltakecareofit.Gohome.”Towhichhereplied,“Areyougoingtohelpmenow?”Thencamethepolice,butthefatherrepeatedthesameline,“Areyougoingtohelpmenow?”Noonehelped.Courageouslyhewentonalonebecauseheneededtoknowforhimself:“Ismyboyaliveorishedead?”Hedugfor8hours12hours24hours36hours.Theninthe38thhour,hepulledbackalargestoneandheardhisson’svoice.Hescreamedhisson’sname,“ARMAND!”Heheardback,“Dad!It’sme,Dad!Itoldtheotherkidsnottoworry.Itoldthemthatifyouwerealive,you’dsavemeandwhenyousavedme,they’dbesaved.Youpromised,nomatterwhathappens,You’llalwaysbethereforme!Youdidit,Dad!”1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Over30,000peoplewerekilledintheinitialshock.B.MostofthebuildingsinAmericaweredestroyed.C.Theearthquakeonlylastedforfourminutes.D.Theearthquakeleftthecityinchaos.2.Theunderlinedword“commitment”inParagraph2probablymeans__________.A.devotion B.admissionC.promise D.mission3.Fromthelastparagraphwecaninfer__________.A.Thefatherfoundhissonaliveinthe38thhourB.ThesonisbraveandbelievesinhisfatherC.ArmandandotherkidswerealltrappedundertheruinsD.Thefatherwentondiggingallbyhimself4.What’smostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Appreciationfromtheparentswhosechildrenweresaved.B.Howtosavethekidsundertheruins.C.Thehappyreunionbetweenfatherandson.D.Thegreatlosstheearthquakeresultedinfortheschool.5.Thepurposeofwritingthetextisto__________.A.reportadestructiveearthquakeinAmericanhistoryB.emphasizethegreatlossresultingfromtheearthquakeC.praiseafatherwhomanagedtosavehissonduringearthquakeD.educatepeoplenottogiveupeasilywhenindifficulty[助讀詞匯]flattenvt.使平坦；摧毀utteradj.完全的；徹底的chaosn.混亂initialadj.最初的commitmentn.承諾courageouslyadv.勇敢地showup出現(xiàn)BWhatisthegreatestthreattomankind?Maybedifferentpeoplecomeupwithdifferentanswers.However,thereisnodenyingthefactthattheonlythreattohumankind,apartfromhumankinditself,is,withoutanydoubt,thenature.Naturaldisastersaretheresultofnaturalenvironmentalprocessesthathaveadamagingeffectonpeople.Naturaldisasterscancomeinmanyforms:suchasgeologicaleventslikeearthquakes,tsunamisormud-rockflows,climaticeventslikestorms,hurricanesortornadoesandfireeventslikeforestfiresandwildfires.Thedamagedonebynaturaldisastersismainlyasaresultofourinabilitytopredictexactlywhentheywillhappen.Althoughgreatprogresshasbeenmadeindesigninganddevelopingforecastingmodelsforsomenaturaldisasters,completecertaintyisstillimpossible.Eventobepessimistic,thereisapossibilitythathumanbeingswillneverachieveaccuratepredictionofthehappeningofallnaturaldisasters.What’smore,eventhoughwewereabletopredictthesedisastersfromnature,preventingthemisequallyimpossible.Soweonlyhavetwowaystobothpreventinjuriesordeathsandreduceeconomiclossestotheleast.Thesetwomethodsaretopreparebeforeanaturaldisastercomestohit,andtomanagethenecessaryresourcesandpublicservicesafteranaturaldisasterstrikes.Thesetwothingshavealwaysbeenattheleadingpositionoftheprojectsofbothnationalgovernmentsandinternationalorganizations.IntheUnitedStates,theFederalEmergencyManagementAgency(FEMA)isresponsibleforthe“preparedness,responseandrecoveryplanning”ofbothman-madeandnaturaldisasters.Mostnaturaldisasterscannotbeprevented,andbothemergencypreparationandgooddisastermanagementarethebestwaystodealwiththem.Althoughnaturaleventsmayappeartoservenopurposebutsimplytopunishanddestroy,naturaldisasters,aperfectsymbolofthegreatpowerofthenature,aredisplayofourplanet’sevolutionanditsstateofchange.1.Accordingtothepassage,bothhumankindandnature_________.A.canbemanagedorderlyB.canthreatenhumanbeingsC.arehardtocontrolD.havealargefamily2.Whichcan’tberegardedasasimilaritybetweentornadoesandearthquakes?A.Theycannotbeprevented.B.Theyarebothgeologicalevents.C.Theyareboththeresultofnaturalenvironmentalprocesses.D.Theycausedamagetopeople.3.Thereasonwhynaturaldisasterscausesomuchdamageisthat_________.A.itisverydifficulttopredictwhenexactlytheywillhappenB.ourforecastingequipmentistoooldformanynaturaldisastersC.wedon’tdoenoughpreparationbeforenaturaldisastersstrikeD.wedon’thavethenecessarypublicservicestouseafternaturaldisastersstrike4.Itmaybeconcludedfromthepassagethat_________.A.naturaldisasterscannotbepredictedatallB.humanbeingsarepessimistictothefutureC.beingwell-preparedcanavoideconomiclossesD.goodpreparationanddisastermanagementareadvisable5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.asymbolofthepowerofnatureB.thegreatestthreattomankindC.NaturaldisastersandmankindD.reducelossestotheleast[助讀詞匯]geologicaladj.地質(zhì)的climaticadj.氣候的strikevt.襲擊displayn.顯示；表現(xiàn)evolutionn.進(jìn)化；演變forecastingmodel預(yù)測模型tobepessimistic悲觀地說accurateprediction準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測leadingposition首要地位appearto似乎servenopurpose沒有用reduceeconomiclossestotheleast把經(jīng)濟(jì)損失減到最少二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)Whatshouldonedoina(n)1?Unlikeatornadoorhurricane,thereisnoknownwayof2anearthquake.Thoughabout500,000earthquakes3eachyearintheworld,only100ofthemcause4!However,anearthquakecanstrikeanytimeofthedayor5,soitneedstobepreparedforwhenyouhavethe6ofbeingcaughtinthemiddleofone.Ifyouare7,stayindoors,unlessyouareonthegroundfloor,whereyoucan8runoutside.Thebestthingtodoifyouareindoorsistohideundera(n)9pieceoffurniturelikeabedordesk.Donotheadforthe10ifyouarelivingonanupperstorey,becausestairwayscancollapse.Ifyou’re11,getoutoftrafficandstoponawideand12road.Donot13onabridge,orinanothercase,underone.Stayinsideyour14untiltheshakingstops.Beforeyourestartdriving,lookoutforfissures(裂紋),breaksintheroad,andbumpsorcracks.Insideyourhome,becarefulnotto15thegasuntilyouaresurethecylinder(煤氣罐)is16,andthereisnoleak.Avoidusingyourtelephoneunlessthereisa(n)17.Youcouldbe18linesthatareneededbyotherpeople.Lastly,ifyouarenottrappedor19hurt,donotexpectfirefighters,armyorpolicetohelpyou.Theymaybebusy20peopleingreaterneedthanyou!1.A.earthquakeB.disasterC.shelterD.trap2.A.destroyingB.predictingC.crackingD.judging3.A.riseB.sinkC.burstD.occur4.A.eventB.dirtC.shockD.damage5.A.duskB.noonC.nightD.dawn6.A.misfortuneB.mistakeC.misuseD.misjudgment7.A.outdoorsB.abroadC.indoorsD.upstairs8.A.extremelyB.easilyC.sincerelyD.hardly9.A.thinB.dirtyC.smellyD.strong10.A.toiletB.bedroomC.stairwayD.kitchen11.A.sufferingB.rescuingC.drivingD.walking12.A.openB.narrowC.steepD.bright13.A.injureB.shockC.buryD.stop14.A.mineB.carC.expressD.track15.A.turnoffB.digoutC.giveinD.turnon16.A.safeB.injuredC.availableD.dangerous17.A.survivalB.damC.emergencyD.damage18.A.frighteningB.occupyingC.judgingD.recycling19.A.seriouslyB.slightlyC.carefullyD.eventually20.A.ruiningB.rescuingC.reportingD.transporting[助讀詞匯]tornadon.龍卷風(fēng)hurricanen.颶風(fēng)strikevi.襲擊；侵襲；打collapsevi.倒塌leakn.泄露stairwaysn.樓梯thegroundfloor一樓headfor前往三、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分)StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellskeptrisingand_____1_____(fall).Farmersnoticedthat_____2_____wellwallshaddeepcracksinthem.A_____3_____(smell)gascameoutofthecracks.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervous_____4_____(eat).Miceranoutofthefieldslookingfor_____5_____(place)tohide.Fishjumpedoutof_____6_____(they)bowlsandponds.Atabout3:00a.m._____7_____July28th,1976,somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.Thesoundofplanescould_____8_____(hear)outsidethecityofTangshaneven_____9_____noplaneswereinthesky.Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,_____10_____thoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.四、短文改錯（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Typhoonmostfrequentlyhappensduringsummer.Ithasacloselyrelationshipwithhumanbeingsbecauseitbroughtenoughrainfalltomanyplaces.However,asoneofthemostdestructivenaturaldisaster,typhoonhasalsobroughtquitelotofdamages.Usually,typhoontakesplaceinasuddenwaybutitisverydestructive.Besides,whenadistrictishitbytyphoon,theirtownandcropswillbefloodedduetotheheavyrainfallcausingbytyphoon.Inthiscase,Typhoonwillonturncauseaheavylossoflivesandmoney.Toprotectpeople’slivesandproperty,theourgovernmentshouldtakeseffectivemeasures.必修1Unit4Earthquakes（B卷）滾動提升檢測參考答案一、閱讀理解(A)地震后，父親不忘對兒子的承諾沖到學(xué)校尋找兒子，兒子同樣堅(jiān)信父親定會來救自己。1.C事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。通過文章第二段可知A，B，D三個答案是正確的。而C選項(xiàng)表述有誤，“killingover30，000peopleinlessthanfourminutes”中的四分鐘是指“initialshake(首震)”，地震還沒有結(jié)束。因此可知答案為C。2.C猜測詞義題。由第二段中的herememberedthepromisehehadmadetohisson可知答案。3.B推理判斷題。文章最后說，在爸爸挖掘了38個小時后發(fā)現(xiàn)兒子仍然活著，通過兒子的話“Itoldtheotherkidsnottoworry.”與“Youpromised,nomatterwhathappens,you’llalwaysbethereforme!Youdidit,Dad!”可以看出兒子很勇敢并且對父親十分信任。4.B推理判斷題。由文章的最后一段父親發(fā)現(xiàn)兒子和其他的小朋友一起被困在廢墟里。由兒子的話“Itoldthemthatifyouwerealive,you’dsavemeandwhenyousavedme”可知接下來就是談?wù)撛鯓釉葟U墟中的孩子們。5.C主旨大意題。本文為一篇記敘文，通過文中四、五段雖然被多次勸阻停止挖掘，但是這位偉大的父親還是堅(jiān)持挖掘了38小時，直至找到兒子。因此，作者的寫作目的旨在歌頌這位偉大的父親。(B)自然是人類除了自己之外的最大的威脅，在自然的力量面前，人類顯得是那么的渺小和無助。本文主要講述人類與自然災(zāi)害之間的種種交織。1.B事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段…thattheonlythreattohumankind,apartfromhumankinditself,is,withoutanydoubt,thenature可知選B。2.B事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段…geologicaleventslikeearthquakes和…climaticeventslikestorms,hurricanesortornadoes…可知選B。3.A事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段首句Thedamagedonebynaturaldisastersismainlyasaresultofourinabilitytopredictexactlywhentheywillhappen.可知選A。4.D推理判斷題。由最后一段Mostnaturaldisasterscannotbeprevented,andbothemergencypreparationandgooddisastermanagementarethebestwaystodealwiththem.可推斷出D項(xiàng)正確。5.C主旨大意題。第一段講自然是我們的威脅和自然災(zāi)害的種類；第二段講自然災(zāi)害造成損失的原因和人類無法準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測自然災(zāi)害的發(fā)生；第三段講自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生時人們的處理方式；第四段講自然災(zāi)害是自然力量的體現(xiàn)。因此文章主要內(nèi)容就是自然災(zāi)害與人類的種種“恩怨”與“交織”。選C最具有概括性和囊括性。二、完形填空本文作者就“地震發(fā)生時我們該怎么辦？”這個問題給我們提供了一些建議。1.A根據(jù)下一句Unlikeatornadoorhurricane,thereisnoknownwayof2anearthquake.不難知道答案選A。2.B根據(jù)常識以及本句句意“……目前還沒有預(yù)測地震的方法”可知，此處選B最符合上下文邏輯。3.D說發(fā)生地震，通常用occur，happen，takeplace等。故選D。4.D根據(jù)常識，全世界每年都會發(fā)生很多地震，但真正會造成損失的只有很少一部分地震。故選D最符合邏輯。5.C根據(jù)空前的theday可知答案選C正確。白天和夜里形成對應(yīng)。6.A由空后的beingcaughtinthemiddleofone不難推知答案