2023《微專題小練習(xí)》英語新教材練習(xí)21語法填空＋閱讀理解

練習(xí)21語法填空＋閱讀理解Ⅰ.語法填空2022·全國甲卷記敘文188詞★★☆☆☆A(yù)visually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi'an,asafirststep1.________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.Onthe1，100-kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,2.________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation3.________(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.4.________friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental5.________(protect).Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore6.________(meaning).Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1，000plasticbottlesalongthe40-dayjourney.Inthelastfiveyears,Cao7.________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa's8.________(high)mountain.Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4，700kilometers9.________Xi'antoKashgaronSept.20,10.________(plan)tohikebacktoXi'aninfivemonths.Ⅱ.閱讀理解A2022·開封定位考試說明文259詞★★☆☆☆Pinocchiomaybejustacharacterinachildren'sfairytale,butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedtheso－called“Pinocchioeffect”andfoundthatournosesdon'tgrowwhenwetellalie,butactuallyshrinkabit.DrGómezMilánandhisteamdevelopedaliedetectortestthatusedthermography(溫度記錄法)totellifpeoplewerelying,andfoundthatwheneverparticipantsintheirresearchwerebeinguntruthful,thetemperatureofthetipoftheirnosedroppedupto1.2℃，whilethetemperatureoftheirforeheadincreasedupto1.5℃.Scientistsalsofoundthatthetemperaturedropactuallycausedthenosetoslightlyshrink,althoughthedifferenceisundetectedbythehumaneye.“Onehastothinkinordertolie,whichraisesthetemperatureoftheforehead，”DrGómezMilánexplainedthefindings.“Atthesametimewefeelanxious,whichlowersthetemperatureofthenose.”Forthisstudy,researchersasked60studentstoperformvarioustaskswhiletheirtemperatureisscannedbythermalimaging(熱成像)technology.Oneofthesetasksinvolvedmakinga3－to4－minutecalltotheirparentsorafriendandtellingasignificantlie.Participantshadtomakeuptheliethemselvesduringthecall.Interestingly,thethermalliedetectorpickedupthetemperaturedifferencein80percentofthetestsubjects,whichisabetterrateofsuccessthanthatofanymodernliedetector.“Withthismethodwehaveachievedtheincreaseofaccuracy，”saidDrGómezMilán,whoaddedthatlawenforcementagenciescouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologieswiththermalimagingtoachievebetterresults.1．WhydoesthewritertalkaboutPinocchiointhefirstparagraph?A．Totellafairytale.B．Togiveanexample.C．Totalkaboutascientist.D．Tointroducethetopic.2．Whatisthe“Pinocchioeffect”？A．Ournoseswillgrowwhenwetellalie.B．Ournoseswillshrinkwhenwetellalie.C．Thetemperatureoftheforeheadfallsifwelie.D．Thetemperatureofthenoserisesforanxiety.3．HowdidDrGómezMilánfeelabouttheliedetector?A．Doubtful.B．Surprised.C．Confident.D．Puzzled.4．Whatlessondowelearnfromthetext?A．Aliewilltravelveryhard.B．Therearemanywaystobringaliartolight.C．Alieneverlivestobeold.D．Oncealiar,alwaysaliar.B2022·呂梁聯(lián)考記敘文337詞★★☆☆☆ElizabethBishop,whowasfamousforthepoetryAProdigal,FillingStation,Sandpiper,Manuelzinhoandsoon,wasaninfluentialAmericanpoetofthe20thcentury.Herpoetryoftenshowsthingsthatconcernedherthroughoutherlife,suchashersearchforasenseofhome.Hertroubledchildhoodandfeelingoflonelinessfromthistimeaffectedhercharacterandpoetry.Bishop'spainfulchildhoodisapparentinsomeofherpoems.Herfatherdiedwhenshewaseightmonthsoldandhermotherwasmadwhenshewasfive.Bishopwasraisedfirstlybyhermother'sparentsandthenbyherfather'sparents.Thisexperienceleftherconfusedaboutbelonging.Shehadnohomeandthiswasshowninherpoetry.InAProdigal,whenthecharacterinthepoemmakesuphismindtogohome,thereisasenseofpessimismforBishopwhohasnohome.Thelackofasenseofhomehascontributedtoherdepressionallherlife.Bishopattemptstomakesmall,everydayexperiencesextraordinaryinherpoemssuchasFillingStation.InFillingStation,Bishopdescribesthebeautyofafamilyfillingstation.Althoughitis“dirty”，thereisorderinit.Simplefamilylifeiscelebratedinit.Sherecognizesthevalueofhomeandbeautyineverydaylife,butsheisonlyanobserverofthese.Distanceremainsbetweenherandthefamilyatthefillingstation.Bishop'sstruggletolocateherselfintheworldisseennomoreclearlythaninSandpiper.Itdealswithsearchingforsomethinginaconfusingworld.Sheusesthemetaphor(暗喻)ofthebirdwhichis“l(fā)ookingforsomething”.The“something”isn'tspecific.Itseemsasifthebirddoesn'tknowwhathewants;theonlycertainthingisthatheissearching.Bishop'spoemsarepersonalonamoresubtle(巧妙的)level,especiallywhenherchildhood,travelsetc.aretakenintoconsideration.ItisbelievedthatBishopisacomplexpoetwhousesherpoetrytofindthefeelingofbelonging.5．WhatdoweknowaboutElizabethBishop'schildhood?A．Shewasbornpoor.B．Shelivedanunhappylife.C．Hergrandparentstreatedherbadly.D．Herparentsdidn'tloveher.6．WhichofBishop'spoemsshowsherloveforsimplefamilylife?A．Sandpiper.B．ManueIzinho.C．FillingStation.D．AProdigal.7．WhenreadingBishop'spoems,peoplecanfindhersearchfor________．A．thetruenatureofhumanbeingsB．a(chǎn)happyfamilylifeC．parentalloveD．thefeelingofbelonging8．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBishop?A．Giftedbutpessimistic.B．Cleverandstrong.C．Unfortunatebutkind.D．Creativeanddetermined.黃金考點(diǎn)語法填空——代詞考點(diǎn)27根據(jù)上下文邏輯推判代詞形式考例Theywouldsayto________(I)thatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIwasunwillingtoplaythegamewiththemsometimes.點(diǎn)撥根據(jù)句意和后邊的關(guān)鍵詞to和提示詞I可知，表示“我”，再根據(jù)介詞to應(yīng)填me?？键c(diǎn)28根據(jù)上下文判斷代詞的形式考例Ihaddone________(mine)homework,butIwasshy.點(diǎn)撥修飾名詞homework作定語，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞my來修飾。考點(diǎn)29動(dòng)詞短語固定用法考例Butsheinsistsonus________(eat)healthyfood.點(diǎn)撥由語境可知，是母親關(guān)心家里的每個(gè)人的健康，堅(jiān)持要我們吃健康的食物。insistonsb.doingsth.或insistonsb'sdoingsth.是固定用法，故應(yīng)填eating。練習(xí)21語法填空＋閱讀理解Ⅰ.語法填空【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是一個(gè)失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一帶一路的事情。1．答案與解析：tojourney考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：近日，一名來自北京的盲人徒步40天來到西安，作為“一帶一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，journey為動(dòng)詞，表示“旅行”，step前面有序數(shù)詞，應(yīng)用不定式，作后置定語。故填tojourney。2．答案與解析：who考查定語從句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8歲時(shí)因一次車禍?zhǔn)鞯哪凶硬苁⒖荡┻^了三個(gè)省的40個(gè)城市和縣。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞為CaoShengkang，指人，在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故填who。3．答案與解析：held考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：受到在北京舉行的“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇的啟發(fā)，曹決定徒步穿越這條路線，以向古代絲綢之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有謂語動(dòng)詞decided，所以hold應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，hold與cooperation之間為邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語，表被動(dòng)。故填held。4．答案與解析：A考查冠詞。句意：他的一位朋友吳凡在旅行中自愿成為他的同伴。根據(jù)句意可知，此處泛指“他的一個(gè)朋友”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，friend以輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用a，空處位于句首，首字母大寫。故填A(yù)。5．答案與解析：protection考查名詞。句意：曹和吳還沿路收集垃圾，以促進(jìn)環(huán)境保護(hù)。根據(jù)句意和空前的形容詞environmental可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞protection，作賓語，protection表示“保護(hù)”時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填protection。6．答案與解析：meaningful考查形容詞。句意：曹認(rèn)為這將使這次徒步旅行更加有意義。此處是make復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)用形容詞meaningful，作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填meaningful。7．答案與解析：haswalked考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在過去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34個(gè)國家，2016年，他到達(dá)了乞力馬扎羅山頂，這是非洲最高的山峰。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語inthelastfiveyears可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語Cao為第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填haswalked。8．答案與解析：highest考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：在過去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34個(gè)國家，2016年，他到達(dá)了乞力馬扎羅山頂，這是非洲最高的山峰。根據(jù)空前Africa's可知，此處表示乞力馬扎羅山是非洲最高的山脈，應(yīng)用形容詞最高級(jí)。故填highest。9．答案與解析：from考查介詞。句意：9月20日，他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什，計(jì)劃在五個(gè)月內(nèi)徒步回到西安。根據(jù)句意和Xi'antoKashgar可知，此處表示“從西安飛往喀什”，應(yīng)用介詞from，固定搭配from...to...表示“從……到……”。故填from。10．答案與解析：planning考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：9月20日，他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什，計(jì)劃在五個(gè)月內(nèi)徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有謂語動(dòng)詞flew，所以動(dòng)詞plan(計(jì)劃)應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，plan與主語He之間為邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，表主動(dòng)。故填planning。Ⅱ.閱讀理解A1．答案與解析：D由文章開頭內(nèi)容可推知，作者在第一段談到匹諾曹是為了引出本文的話題。2．答案與解析：A根據(jù)第一段中的“...butSpanishscientistsattheUniversit