關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床中英文翻譯、外文文獻翻譯、外文翻譯

PAGEPAGE9關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床機械工業(yè)是國民的裝備部，是為國民經(jīng)濟提供裝備和為人民生活提供耐用消費品的產(chǎn)業(yè)。不論是傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，還是新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，都離不開各種各樣的機械裝備，機械工業(yè)所提供裝備的性能、質(zhì)量和成本，對國民經(jīng)濟各部門技術(shù)進步和經(jīng)濟效益有很大的和直接的影響。機械工業(yè)的規(guī)模和技術(shù)水平是衡量國家經(jīng)濟實力和科學(xué)技術(shù)水平的重要標志。因此，世界各國都把發(fā)展機械工業(yè)作為發(fā)展本國經(jīng)濟的戰(zhàn)略重點之一。關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床是近幾十年發(fā)展起來的一種高科技半自動化生產(chǎn)設(shè)備。關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床的是工業(yè)機器人的一個重要分支。它的特點是可通過編程來完成各種預(yù)期的作業(yè)任務(wù)，在構(gòu)造和性能上兼有人和機器各自的優(yōu)點，尤其體現(xiàn)了人的智能和適應(yīng)性。關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床作業(yè)的準確性和各種環(huán)境中完成作業(yè)的能力，在國民經(jīng)濟各領(lǐng)域有著廣闊的發(fā)展前景。關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床是在機械化，自動化生產(chǎn)過程中發(fā)展起來的一種新型裝置。在現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)過程中，關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床被廣泛的運用于自動生產(chǎn)線中，機械人的研制和生產(chǎn)已成為高技術(shù)鄰域內(nèi)，迅速發(fā)展起來的一門新興的技術(shù)，它更加促進了關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床的發(fā)展，使得關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床能更好地實現(xiàn)與機械化和自動化的有機結(jié)合。關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床雖然目前還不如人手那樣靈活，但它具有能不斷重復(fù)工作和勞動，不知疲勞，不怕危險，鉆孔的范圍比傳統(tǒng)的臺式鉆床大的特點，因此，關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床已受到許多部門的重視，并越來越廣泛地得到了應(yīng)用。關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床技術(shù)涉及到力學(xué)、機械學(xué)、電氣氣技術(shù)、自動控制技術(shù)、傳感器技術(shù)和計算機技術(shù)等科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，是一門跨學(xué)科綜合技術(shù)。關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床是一種能自動化定位控制并可重新編程序以變動的多功能機器，它有多自由度，可用來鉆孔、攻牙以完成在各個不同環(huán)境中工作。關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床是能模仿人手和臂的某些動作功能，用以按照擺臂旋轉(zhuǎn)的區(qū)域自行轉(zhuǎn)動鉆孔、攻牙的半自動化設(shè)備。它可代替普通臺式鉆床加工空間固定，不能靈活移動鉆孔、攻牙的缺陷，能在擺臂旋轉(zhuǎn)的360度的區(qū)域里面完成任意位置任意工件的鉆孔、攻牙，因而廣泛應(yīng)用于機械制造、模具加工，鍛造，冶金等等領(lǐng)域，在加工領(lǐng)域占據(jù)了越來越重要的位置。本文主要進行了關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床的總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和氣動設(shè)計。關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床的機械結(jié)構(gòu)由氣缸、旋轉(zhuǎn)關(guān)節(jié)和鉆孔裝置組成，可按預(yù)定軌跡運動，在任意的有效區(qū)域內(nèi)實現(xiàn)對工件的鉆孔，攻牙的操作。氣動部分的設(shè)計主要是選擇合適的控制閥，設(shè)計合理的氣動控制回路，通過控制和調(diào)節(jié)氣缸壓縮空氣的壓力、流量和方向來使氣動執(zhí)行機構(gòu)獲得必要的力、動作速度和改變運動方向，并按規(guī)定的程序工作。本文詳細介紹了運用SolidWorks軟件（3D機械設(shè)計軟件的標準）進行關(guān)節(jié)式鉆長的設(shè)計。由于SolidWorks軟件無論對零件設(shè)計，還是對整個機構(gòu)設(shè)計都起了一個模擬仿真的作用，在SolidWorks軟件中，我們可以直觀，清楚地了解整個設(shè)計的外形，運作甚至是材料的分析。借助SolidWorks，將產(chǎn)品更快地投入市場。SolidWorks提供無與倫比的性能和價值，它是技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的領(lǐng)先者，并且還擁有最大的用戶群。沒有其他CAD系統(tǒng)可以幫助您快速準確地完成產(chǎn)品設(shè)計工作。本文先對SolidWorks軟件作出簡介，對此三維軟件作出一系列的說明，而后對關(guān)節(jié)式鉆床設(shè)備進行介紹，并結(jié)合SolidWorks軟件，將二者融會貫通。通過SolidWorks軟件設(shè)計，從二維的AUTOCAD零件圖紙，到三維的SolidWorks整個設(shè)備，大大地提高了設(shè)計的效果和效率，避免了工程師們在現(xiàn)實中出現(xiàn)的錯誤，切切實實地展現(xiàn)出三維軟件的強大性能。

JointtypedrillingmachineBeijingInstituteofAviationTechnologyLiuxinYa[Abstract]introducedaconcurrentengineering,agilemanufacturingandsophisticatedproduction,andotheradvancedmanufacturingtechnologyandthecharacteristicsofthedevelopmentofmachinetoolsintheportfolioofapplications,howtodeepenandextendtheapplicationofspecificmeasures.Inthemachinetoolindustry,withthesocialdemandsofthecontinuousimprovementofproducts,alongwiththegrowingcompetitioninthemarkettomeetuserrequirements,includingtheimprovementofproductquality,shortenproductioncycles,reducecosts,improveserviceandwinmarkethasbecomeabreakthrough.Inordertoachievethisgoalandwinmarket,itshouldbetheintroductionofmodernandadvancedmanufacturingtechnology:concurrentengineering,agilemanufacturingandsophisticatedproduction,inordertopromotethedevelopmentofcombinationmachine.ConcurrentEngineeringisalsoknownasconcurrentengineering,integrated,paralleltooptimizeproductdesignanditsrelatedprocesses(includingmanufacturingandsupport)systemapproach,whichguidetheproductdevelopmentstaffbegantoconsideraproductfromconcepttodesigntothedemiseofthroughoutthelifecycleofallthefactors,includingquality,cost,programminganduserneeds.ConcurrentEngineeringisthefirsttoshortenproductdevelopmentcyclesasameanstodevelop.Productswillbecharacterizedbythedevelopment,productionengineeringinvolvedintheactsbrokendownintoaseriesoftasks,suchasmarketanalysis,design,processdesign,productionplansandequipmentpurchases,processing,qualityassurance,testingandaftersalesservice.Thesesub-tasksasfaraspossibleandconsidersynchronousparalleltoachieveimproveddesigntoshortenthecycleandimprovequality,reducecosts,optimizethedesignpurpose.Itstressedthatintegrated,coordinatedandparallel,namely:(1)management,design,production,andserviceofallproject-relatedpersonnelandproductinformationintegrationasawhole,andstressedthatallrelevantdepartmentsandtheinterestsoftheoverallgoalline(2)totheestablishmentofacompetentandreasonablechargeoftheprojectpersonnelstructureoftheworkinggroupcoordinatedmanagementmodel,bytheWorkingGroupintheministriesresponsibleforprojectelements,andthepromotionofthecoordinationoftasks,(3)parallelprocessingstagesofthework.Accordingtotheprojectinthedifferenttasksofthelinkagesbetweenthedifferentministriesmandateoftheelementsoftheworkprocesscanbecompletelyoverlaporduplication.Inaccordancewiththeseprinciples,formulateareasonable,andoptimizetheworkplan,andthelocationinwhichthenecessarysettingsassessment,theWorkingGroupbytheprojectimplementationsothatallsub-tasksinparallel,tomoveforwardinanorderlymanner,soastoensurethesmoothimplementationofthewholeproject.Accordingtothetraditionalmethodsofwork,theworkofthevariousstagesinarowserial.Insuchaproductdevelopmentapproach,divorcedfromeachotheratvariousstages,arenotrelated,resultinginincreaseddesignerror,anddifficulttodiscoversuchadesignrework,tolengthenthedevelopmentcycle,addingtothecosts.Parallelworkingmethodsused,theprocesswillbeintegratedwithparallelconsideration,theworkcanbecarriedoutduplication.Problemscanbepromptlycoordinatethechangessothatthefollow-upstagelefttoincreasethedifficultyofcorrection

Andcosts.Thus,theapplicationofconcurrentengineeringcansignificantlyshortentheproductdevelopmentcycle,reducecosts,itissuitableforthedevelopmentofprofessionalportfoliomachine.Concurrentengineeringmethodswillbeappliedtoproductdevelopment,theeffectwasverysignificant.March1997,BeijingInstituteofAviationTechnologywithamotorcycledesignandmanufacturingplantstosignthe6-crankmachineprojectcontractfordeliveryendoftheyear,andtherequirementsofmachinetoolsinthepastquitedifferent.Intheprojectusingaconcurrentengineeringapproach,inparallel,cross-operation,greatlyreducingthedesign,manufactureperiod,thesuccessfulcompletionofthetasks.Paralleldevelopmentofthecombinationofmachinespecificmethodsare:(1)theestablishmentofamulti-composedofprofessionalstodevelopworkinggroups.BytheWorkingGroupofthespecificpartoftheimplementationoftheproject,membersoftheWorkingGroupincollaborationdivisionofduties,timelyandcoordinatedinordertoachieveoptimizationofthedesign.Suchasamachinetooldemandintheclampingfixturepartstotheprocessoffloating,ifseparateconsiderationfromthemechanicalstructuretomeetthisrequirementmoredifficult,complexstructureofthefixture.Later,withthehydraulicdesignofelectricalcontrolandcoordinate,controlproceduresproposedamendmentstochangetheorderclampingaction,adjustingthehydraulicpressureofsolutionstomeettherequirementsoftheclamping.(2)intheformulationofprogrammes,thesigningofthecontractstage,onthepreliminaryidentifiedanumberofstandardcomponents.(3)MultipleMulti-accreditationprogramme.MachineToolTechnologyindeterminingtheoverallprogramme,keycomponentsintheoveralldesignprocess,manytimesbytheSolidworkscommitteetoreviewthedesignplan,andputintoproductionbeforetheuserinthedesignplanjointtrials.Thus,fromthedesigntotakeintoaccountthebeginningofaprocessdesign,toolingdesign,manufacturing,assemblyandotherdownstreamvariousstagesofdebuggingproblemsthatmayarise,thusgreatlyreducingthenumberofdesignchangesRatedmeetuserrequirements,toachievedesignbest.(4)adesignpre-releasemethod.Machineoverallplansinaformaldrawingago,hasbeenreleasedinstagessetbythemainstructureandthemajorcomponentsofdata,processdesign,toolingdesigncanbecarriedoutaheadofschedule.Inthedesignofthemachinetooltodeterminesomecomponentssuchasfixtures,toolssuchasthecoordinationofsize,andatthesametimebegantodesignandtoolfixture,and,alsoidentifiedslider,mobileworkstationsandothercomponents,thesecomponentshavethechoiceasfaraspossibleStandardcomponents,inthedesignofitsoperationwillbecompleted.Andtheoveralldesignofthevariouscomponentssuchasfixtures,andtimelycoordinationbetweenthetool,linkedtochangesinthesizeofeachothertimelycoordinationsothatthesizeofotherrelevantdrawingsarepromptlycorrected.(5)componentsinthedesignoftheprocessingcyclecanbelongspecificpartssuchasfolders,suchascastingstereotypesassoonaspossibletoadvancingtheprocessdesign,production.(6)completionofthevariouscomponentsofadesign,processdesignandreadytoentertheproductionstage.Therefore,thevariouscomponentsofthepartsisintheworkshop,parallelprocessing.Adoptthisapproach,theWorkingGroup4wereusedonlyfourweekstimeonthepartofgenericcomponentssuchastheslider,mobileplatformsandpowerfirstwentintooperationatthesametime,thecompletionofthemechanicaldesignofthemachineandoutsourcingoforders.Machinetoolproductionprocess,thevariouscomponentsintheBeijingInstituteofAviationTechnologyAssociation,andseveralmanufacturersatthesametime.Inthemachine,installationanddebugging,butalsoseveralmachineatthesametime,throughthesework,andmachinetoolsforthetimelydeliveryofvaluabletime.AgilemanufacturingintheUnitedStatesoftheCaspianSea,"the21stcenturymanufacturingstrategy"inthereportofanewmanufacturingparadigm.Afterdevelopment,theUnitedStateslacoccaInstitutewillbedefinedas:"acompanythatisagileinthemarketfortheunpredictablechangesinthecompetitiveenvironmentinthedevelopmentandprosperityofacapability,thatisrapidlychangingglobalmarketarapidresponsecapability,withthecompanycomputernetworkandtheglobalproductionsystem,themarket,competitorstolinkupinthehigh-quality,high-performance,low-cost,customerproductconfigurationsettings,suchasuserdemand-drivenmarketsituationdemonstratedacapability."Characterizedbytheflexibleproductiontechnology,flexibleorganizationmanagementandprofessionalskillsofthestaffhaveintegratedintoacoordinated,interconnectedsystems,inordertoachievethestrategicgoalofreunification,thesameindustryindifferententerprisesthroughjointinfrastructurelinks,pastlife-and-deathcompetitionwillbecomefriendlyandcooperativecompetition,therebychangingmarketfasterresponse.Therefore,thistechnologyissuitableforthedevelopmentofprofessionalportfoliomachine.(1)promotetheAgilefirstmodularproducts,reflectedinthecompositionofthemachineisinthemachinetoolcomponentsandthestandardizationofserialization.CrankshaftMachineToolinthedevelopmentanddesign,cangreatlyshortenthedesigncycle,theapplicationofconcurrentengineeringisafactor,largenumberofstandardcomponents,theapplicationofcommoncomponentsisakeyelement.(2)IntheAgileManufacturing,mustreflectthepeopleandorganizationsisthemostvaluableasset.Intheproductionoflargequantities,peoplearealwaysSolidworkssolutionasmanufactureandsaleofthecruxoftheproblem,andinAgileManufacturing,thebestuseofpeopleisthekeytosolvetheproblem,technologyisonlyamethodormeans.Therefore,theneedfortheProjectWorkingGrouporganizationalmodeladvocatedhardworking,givefullplaytotheirinitiative.SophisticatedproductionistheUnitedStatesinthe1990s,Japan'sToyotaMotorCorporationsummedupproductionmanagementmethodsonthebasisofsummingupbytheproduction.Itstressedthatbyimprovingtheproductionofenterprisesinthemanagementoftheactivities,includingtheefficiencyofvariousactivitiesandcostaccounting,toachievethefastestspeedofresponsetothemarket,thelowestcostofproduction,theoptimalproductdesigntodesignandManufacturingofproductsneededbythemarket.Itsfeaturesareuser-God,apeople-centred,asameanstostreamline,tozerodefectgoal.Canbeseenfromtheaboveanalysis,andadvancedmanufacturingtechnologyintheBeijingInstituteofAviationTechnologyPortfoliomachinehasbeendevelopedinanumberofapplications,butstillneedtofurtherdeepenandextendtheapplication.Inlaterwork,Shouldpayattentiontothefollowingaspects:(1)WorkingGrouponthefurtherimplementationoftheprojectmodel,aresponsibilitytothepeople,bytheuseofconcurrentengineeringgroupresponsibleforthecompletionofthewayfromthemachinetooltechnologyprogrammetodesign,manufacture,testinganddeliveryoftheworkofthestaffatthesametimestrengthentheknowledgeandskillstraining,keeptrackmachinetoolindustryathomeandabroadcombinationofthelatestdevelopments.(2)marketchangesandthedevelopmentofpre-studyplanatthesametimemaintainclosetieswithusers,userswhoregularlyvisitprovidesitsuserswithqualityafter-salesservice,andequipmentoperationandunderstandingofuserneeds,inordertoimprovethedesign.(3)high-qualityproductstowincustomers.MachineToolinthedevelopmentportfolio,inadditiontoenhancingthesenseofquality,thenewtechnology,theapplicationofnewtechnologyinthemarketisalsoanimportantmeans.Nowusersgenerallyrequiremachineefficiency,flexibility,andadapttosmallquantitiesandvarietyofprocessing.PortfolioTooltoenhancetheefficiencyofproductionandincreaseinthedesignshouldbecuttingspeed,theuseofadvancedtools,centralizedprocessingconsiderthreeaspects.(4)attentiontothede