山東省青島市城陽區(qū)2023-2024學年高二上學期2月期末英語試題（含答案解析）

2023—2024學年度第一學期期末考試高二英語（考試時間：120分鐘；試卷滿分：150分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案劃在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．whichpartofthehousehasbeenrepaired?A．Thewalls.B．Theroof.C．Thedoors.2．What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates.B．Teacherandstudent.C．Librarianandstudent.3．Whattimeisit?A．9:10.B．9:00.C．8:50.4．Whatproblemdocsthewomanhave?A．Shecan’treadmessages.B．Shecan’tfallasleepatnight.C．Sheisaddictedtoherphone.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirage.B．Theman’shairstyle.C．Thewoman’scolleagues.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Ataschool.B．Atashop.C．Athome.7．Whatwilltheboydonext?A．Checkhisbike.B．Buyapen.C．Reviewhisnotes.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whywasthemansurprisedbythemeal?A．Itwasveryhot.B．Ittastedverygood.C．Itwasveryexpensive.9．HowmanytimeshasthewomanbeentoItaly?A．One.B．Two.C．Six.10．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A．BooktraveltoItaly.B．Gotoabarforadrink.C．GotoanItalianrestaurant.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Wherearethespeakersgoingnow?A．Toahotel.B．Toapark.C．Toamuseum.12．Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A．Theyarelocals.B．Theyaretourists.C．Theyareonabusinesstrip.13．Howdoesthewomanfeel?A．Tired.B．Upset.C．Hungry.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．Whywasthenewpieceoffurnituresocheap?A．Itwasverydirty.B．Allthelegswereweak.C．Thebackhadasmallproblem.15．Whatcoloristheoldsofa?A．Green.B．White.C．Yellow.16．Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman?A．Sheisnotveryneat.B．Shedoesn’tlikethecolorwhite.C．Sheoftenfindsthingsatdiscountedprices.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment?A．Tocontroldisease.B．Tokillmalemosquitoes.C．Tolearnmoreaboutanewmosquito.18．Whatweretheenvironmentalgroupsworriedabout?A．Toomanymosquitoeswoulddie.B．Mosquitoesmightstarttoresistchemicals.C．Newchemicalswouldharmtheenvironment.19．Whatisknownaboutmosquitoes?A．Onlyfemalesspreaddisease.B．Themalesneedhumanblood.C．Thefemalesfeedonlyonplants.20．Whatcouldbenefitmostfromitiftheexperimentissuccessful?A．Theenvironment.B．Theeconomy.C．Humanhealth.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（15個小題；每題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AFourbestscenicpathsnearLondonGoringGapandtheThamesPathLength:5milesStart:Goring&StreatleystationEnd:PangbourneThispathisfarfromboringforaruralwalk.Thefootpathfollowsthecurveoftheriverasitflowssouth,windingpastwildflowergrassland,andtheHartslockNatureReserve,whichishometoredkitesandrareorchids.Post-walkpub:TheSwanservesthesedays.Orderatableorkeepwarmbyoneofitsopenfires.BoxHillLength:6.8milesStartandend:WesthumblestationAdmirethegloriousviewsandescapethecrowds.Butfirstyou’vegottoclimb272stepstothetopofBoxHill.Theendorphinsaredefinitelypumping—maybethat’showitgotthenickname“HappyValley”.Post-walkpub:ThespaciousTreeonBoxHillhasanenticingmenuandhugebeergarden.TheKentishCoastLength:9.8milesStart:RamsgateEnd:MargateFollowingthepath,you’llpassplentyofformersmugglers’(走私者)cavesandtherearebeachsidecafesdottedalongtherouteatregularintervals.Post-walkpub:OrderapintofbeeratXylo,apubwithwonderfulviewsoverMargateSands.ChessValleyintheChilternsLength:9.9milesStart:ChorleywoodstationEnd:CheshamstationItisn’thometoanychessmasters,butitdidusedtoproducenlotofwatercress,fedbyitssparklingchalkstream.Thiswalkfollowstheriver,whosebankiscoveredwiththerollinggrassandwoods.Post-walkpub:TheGeorge&Dragonisanoldcoachinginnwithalogfireandrealbeer.1.Whichpathisacircularroute?A.GoringGapandtheThamesPath. B.BoxHill.C.TheKentishCoast. D.ChessValleyintheChilterns.2WhatdoGoringGapandtheThamesPathandChessValleyintheChilternshaveincommon?A.Theyservebeerallthetime. B.Theyincludedifferentanimals.CTheyprovideriverscenery. D.Theyareofthesamelength.3.WhatcanyouexperienceinTheKentishCoast?A.Drinkcoffeeattheseaside. B.RelaxyourselfinTheSwan.C.Learnfromfamouschessmasters. D.Meetsmugglersalongtheway.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了倫敦附近四條風景優(yōu)美的小路?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章BoxHill部分中“Startandend:Westhumblestation(起點和終點：Westhumble站)”可知，BoxHill是環(huán)形路線。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章GoringGapandtheThamesPath部分中“Thefootpathfollowsthecurveoftheriverasitflowssouth,windingpastwildflowergrassland,andtheHartslockNatureReserve,whichishometoredkitesandrareorchids.(這條小路沿著蜿蜒的河流向南流動，蜿蜒經(jīng)過野花草原和哈特洛克自然保護區(qū)，那里是紅風箏和稀有蘭花的故鄉(xiāng))”和ChessValleyintheChilterns部分中“Thiswalkfollowstheriver,whosebankiscoveredwiththerollinggrassandwoods.(這條小路沿河而行，河岸長滿了起伏的草和樹林)”可知，二者都提供了河流景觀。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章TheKentishCoast部分中“Followingthepath,you’llpassplentyofformersmugglers’(走私者)cavesandtherearebeachsidecafesdottedalongtherouteatregularintervals.(沿著這條路走下去，你會經(jīng)過很多以前的走私者洞穴，沿途每隔一段時間就會有一些海濱咖啡館)”可知，在這條路線上，人們可以在海邊喝咖啡。故選A。BAnimpressiveinventionmadebya17-year-oldteenager,calledAnnaDu,ishelpingtocleanupsmallpiecesofplasticfromtheocean.WhilewalkingalongherlocalbeachesinMassachusetts,theyoungstudentbegancollectingwasteplasticbagsandbottles.Butwhatshenoticedwasalargenumberoftinypiecesofplasticormicroplasticsthatwereimpossibletopickup.Atjust12yearsold,Dusetouttosolvetheproblem.Aftertestingafewprototypes(原型)inherbackyard,sheinventedaremotelyoperatedvehiclethatusestheinfraredcamera(紅外攝像機)todetectmicroplasticsontheoceanfloor.Morerecently,Duhasalsocreatedasimulation(模擬)modelthatusesartificialintelligencetopredictwheremicroplasticsarelocated.Du’srobotinventionhasearnedherawardsattopsciencefairsintheUS,andshe’snowanationallyrecognizedadvocateformicroplasticawarenessandpollutionprevention.“WhenIfirststarteddoingsciencefairs,Ihadnoideathatayounggirlwithoutlotsofmoneyandjustalittleadvancedengineeringknowledgecouldmakeadifferenceintheworld.I’velearnedthatItrulyloveworkingonaproblemthat’ssomuchlargerthanme,”Dusaid.Duhasalsoreleasedanewbooktohelpspreadthewordnotonlyaboutthedangersofmicroplasticsbutalsoaboutthewaystorelievetheproblem.TitledMicroplastics&Me,thebookfollowsDu’sownstoryofhowshewentfromworryingabouttheenvironmenttodesigningaward-winningsolutions.Writingforkidsherownage,theyounggirlalertsherreaderstothethreatofmicroplasticpollutionandurgesthemtocareabouttheenvironment.Thebookhopestoencourageyoungstudentstogetintoscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM)subjectsandtoinspireanewgenerationofinventorsandengineers.What’smore,Duhasevenraisedmorethan$7,000todistributethebookfreetokidsandlibrariesinhigh-needcommunities.4.WhatinspiredDutomaketheinvention?A.Therewastoomuchrubbishalongthebeaches. B.Theplasticsweretoosmalltocollectbyhand.C.Theseawaspollutedseriously. D.ShewasinterestedinAI.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutDufromparagraph3?A.Shehasaspiritofchallenge. B.Sheistoopoortomakeadifference.C.Shedoesn’tstudyhardinengineering. D.Shewinsinternationalrecognition.6.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Innovation. B.Voice. C.Culture. D.Art.7.WhydoesDuwritethebookMicroplastics&Me?A.Toinspirereaderstosharetheirstories.B.Toraisetheawarenessofmicroplasticspollution.C.ToencouragehighschoolstoofferSTEMsubjects.D.Tocollectmoneyforkidsinhigh-needcommunities.【答案】4.B5.A6.A7.B【解析】【導語】本文為一篇記敘文，介紹了女孩發(fā)明了能幫助清理海洋中小塑料碎片的機器人，并寫書提高人們對微塑料污染的認識，激勵新一代的發(fā)明家和工程師?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“WhilewalkingalongherlocalbeachesinMassachusetts,theyoungstudentbegancollectingwasteplasticbagsandbottles.Butwhatshenoticedwasalargenumberoftinypiecesofplasticormicroplasticsthatwereimpossibletopickup.Atjust12yearsold,Dusetouttosolvetheproblem.Aftertestingafewprototypes(原型)inherbackyard,sheinventedaremotelyoperatedvehiclethatusestheinfraredcamera(紅外攝像機)todetectmicroplasticsontheoceanfloor.(在馬薩諸塞州當?shù)氐暮┥仙⒉綍r，這位年輕的學生開始收集廢棄塑料袋和塑料瓶。但她注意到的是，大量的塑料或微塑料碎片無法撿起來。年僅12歲的杜開始著手解決這個問題。在后院測試了幾個原型后，她發(fā)明了一種遠程操作的車輛，使用紅外攝像機探測海底的微塑料)”可知，Du在海灘散步時，發(fā)現(xiàn)有些塑料太小，無法撿起來，這啟發(fā)了她進行發(fā)明創(chuàng)造。故選B項。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段““WhenIfirststarteddoingsciencefairs,Ihadnoideathatayounggirlwithoutlotsofmoneyandjustalittleadvancedengineeringknowledgecouldmakeadifferenceintheworld.I’velearnedthatItrulyloveworkingonaproblemthat’ssomuchlargerthanme,”Dusaid.(杜說：“當我第一次開始參加科學博覽會時，我不知道一個沒有很多錢，只有一點高級工程知識的年輕女孩可以改變世界。我認識到，我真的很喜歡研究一個比我大得多的問題?！?”可推知，Du是一個有挑戰(zhàn)精神的人。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Animpressiveinventionmadebya17-year-oldteenager,calledAnnaDu,ishelpingtocleanupsmallpiecesofplasticfromtheocean.(17歲的安娜·杜(AnnaDu)發(fā)明了一項令人印象深刻的發(fā)明，幫助清理海洋中的小塑料碎片)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了女孩安娜·杜一項幫助清理海洋中小塑料碎片的發(fā)明，因此，可以在報紙中“創(chuàng)新”一部分找到該文章。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Duhasalsoreleasedanewbooktohelpspreadthewordnotonlyaboutthedangersofmicroplasticsbutalsoaboutthewaystorelievetheproblem.(杜還出版了一本新書，不僅宣傳微塑料的危害，還宣傳緩解這一問題的方法)”及“Writingforkidsherownage,theyounggirlalertsherreaderstothethreatofmicroplasticpollutionandurgesthemtocareabouttheenvironment.Thebookhopestoencourageyoungstudentstogetintoscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM)subjectsandtoinspireanewgenerationofinventorsandengineers.(這個小女孩寫給同齡的孩子們，她提醒讀者注意微塑料污染的威脅，并敦促他們關心環(huán)境。這本書希望鼓勵年輕學生進入科學、技術、工程和數(shù)學（STEM）學科，并激勵新一代的發(fā)明家和工程師)”可知，Du寫書是為了提高人們對微塑料污染的認識。故選B項。CLaunchedin2004bythen-HarvardUniversitystudentMarkZuckerberg,Facebookbecamethebiggestsocialmediaplatformintheworldjustfiveyearslater.ItwasyoungpeoplewhohelpedFacebookinitiallyshoottosuccess,buttoday’syouththinkthat“Facebookisforoldpeople”,reportedtheDailyStar.In2015,asurveyfoundthat71percentofteensaged13to17usedFacebook.Butin2022,thatnumberdroppedto32percent,reportedNBCNews.AlexTani,a25-year-oldfromtheUK,saidthatwhenhestarteduniversityin2016,histutorsalwayssetupstudentgroupsonFacebooktohelpeveryonestayintouchandinteract.Butbythetimehisyoungerbrotherwenttouniversitythreeyearslater,thiswasn’tthecase.Today’syoungergenerationpreferstouseothersocialplatforms,suchasInstagram,aphotoandvideo-sharingsocialnetworkingservicealsoownedbyFacebook’sparentcompanyMeta,andTikTok,ownedbyChinesecompanyByteDance,saidNBCNews.ThesetwoplatformsaredifferentfromFacebookinthattheyaremainlyimage-basedandvideo-based,nottext-based.Visualcultureisarisingtrendandyoungpeoplehavegrowntiredofreadingpeople’sremarksonFacebook,saidForbes.AnotherreasonforFacebook’sdeclineinpopularityisAI.AccordingtoTheGuardian,TikTok’s“mostpowerfultool”isitsalgorithm(算法)whichpredictswhatcontentyouwanttosee.Itsharesrelatedcontentwithyoufrompeopleyoumaynotfollowbasedonwhatyou’vewatchedbefore.Thissavespeopletheeffortofsearchingforwhattheylike,andsobecomesan“escapeforthem”,saidNorthCarolinaStateUniversity.Goingforward,FacebookplanstouseAIinasimilarwayasTikToktoshowshortvideosandgiveusersabetterplatformtodiscussvideocontent,saidFortuneMedia.Onlytimewilltellwhetheritcanstay“young”orremainasaplatformusedonlyby“oldpeople”.8.WhydoestheauthormentionAlex’sexperience?A.Tocomparedifferencesbetweenthebrothers． B.ToshowFacebookislosingitsadvantage.C.ToillustratehowFacebookworks. D.ToemphasizetheimportanceofFacebook.9.Whatfeatureofsocialplatformsattractsyoungpeoplemost?A.Protectingprivacy. B.Beingtext-based.C.Providingvisualenjoyment. D.Beingabundantinremarks.10.WhichwordcanbestdescribethefutureofFacebookaccordingtotheauthor?A.Misty. B.Predictable. C.Promising. D.Depressing.11.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.FacebookStrugglesfortheFavoroftheYouth B.Facebook:TheBiggestSocialMediaPlatformC.TikTokBecomesaFavoriteOnlineDestination D.AI:APowerfulToolinSocialMediaPlatforms【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了Facebook從2004年由哈佛大學生馬克·扎克伯格創(chuàng)立，迅速成為全球最大的社交媒體平臺的發(fā)展歷程以及如今面臨的不受年輕人歡迎的困境?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第二段段首“In2015,asurveyfoundthat71percentofteensaged13to17usedFacebook.Butin2022,thatnumberdroppedto32percent,reportedNBCNews.

(2015年，一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，13歲至17歲的青少年中有71%使用Facebook。但據(jù)NBC新聞報道，到2022年，這一數(shù)字降至32%。)”指出，調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)13歲至17歲的青少年中使用Facebook人數(shù)比例從2015年的71%下降到2022年的32%；下文“AlexTani,a25-year-oldfromtheUK,saidthatwhenhestarteduniversityin2016,histutorsalwayssetupstudentgroupsonFacebooktohelpeveryonestayintouchandinteract.Butbythetimehisyoungerbrotherwenttouniversitythreeyearslater,thiswasn’tthecase.(25歲的英國人AlexTani說，當他2016年開始上大學時，他的導師總是在Facebook上建立學生群，幫助每個人保持聯(lián)系和互動。但三年后，當他的弟弟上大學時，情況并非如此。)”中，作者運用AlexTani的經(jīng)歷舉例來表明Facebook正在失去其優(yōu)勢。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Today’syoungergenerationpreferstouseothersocialplatforms,suchasInstagram,aphotoandvideo-sharingsocialnetworkingservicealsoownedbyFacebook’sparentcompanyMeta,andTikTok,ownedbyChinesecompanyByteDance,saidNBCNews.

ThesetwoplatformsaredifferentfromFacebookinthattheyaremainlyimage-basedandvideo-based,nottext-based.Visualcultureisarisingtrendandyoungpeoplehavegrowntiredofreadingpeople’sremarksonFacebook,saidForbes.(據(jù)NBC新聞報道，如今的年輕一代更喜歡使用其他社交平臺，比如Facebook母公司Meta旗下的照片和視頻分享社交網(wǎng)絡服務Instagram，以及中國字節(jié)跳動公司旗下的抖音。這兩個平臺與Facebook的不同之處在于，它們主要基于圖像和視頻，而不是基于文本?！陡２妓埂贩Q，視覺文化正呈上升趨勢，年輕人已經(jīng)厭倦了閱讀人們在Facebook上的評論。)”可知，年輕人已經(jīng)厭倦了基于文本的評論，提供視覺享受的社交平臺最吸引年輕人。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Goingforward,FacebookplanstouseAIinasimilarwayasTikToktoshowshortvideosandgiveusersabetterplatformtodiscussvideocontent,saidFortuneMedia.Onlytimewilltellwhetheritcanstay“young”orremainasaplatformusedonlyby“oldpeople”.(財富傳媒表示，未來，F(xiàn)acebook計劃以與TikTok類似的方式使用人工智能來展示短視頻，并為用戶提供一個更好的討論視頻內(nèi)容的平臺。只有時間才能證明它是能保持“年輕”，還是只能作為“老年人”使用的平臺。)”可知，F(xiàn)acebook也計劃使用人工智能來展示短視頻，提供討論視頻內(nèi)容的平臺；對于Facebook是能保持“年輕”還是作為“老年人”使用的平臺還需要時間來證明。由此可知，作者認為Facebook的未來是未知的，模糊的。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)最后一段“Goingforward,FacebookplanstouseAIinasimilarwayasTikToktoshowshortvideosandgiveusersabetterplatformtodiscussvideocontent,saidFortuneMedia.Onlytimewilltellwhetheritcanstay“young”orremainasaplatformusedonlyby“oldpeople”.(財富傳媒表示，未來，F(xiàn)acebook計劃以與TikTok類似的方式使用人工智能來展示短視頻，并為用戶提供一個更好的討論視頻內(nèi)容的平臺。只有時間才能證明它是能保持‘年輕’，還是只能作為‘老年人’使用的平臺。)”可知，本文主要講述了Facebook在年輕人中間的使用率明顯下降，F(xiàn)acebook正努力采取措施解決該問題；A選項“FacebookStrugglesfortheFavoroftheYouth(Facebook努力爭取年輕人的青睞)”能夠概括文章主旨，是最佳標題。故選A。DAmanwithParkinson’s（帕金森）diseasehasexperiencedasubstantialimprovementinhisabilitytowalkafterbeingfittedwithadevicethatelectricallystimulateshisspinalcord（脊髓）.Thefindings,althoughbasedononeperson,suggestthiscouldbeusedtotreatmovementdisorders.TreatmentsforParkinson’sdiseaseincludedrugsthattargetpartsofthebrainwhichregulatesmovement,aswellasdeep-brainstimulation,whichchangestheelectricalsignalsthatcausesymptoms.However,manypeopledon’trespondtothesetreatments,particularlyiftheirconditionisadvanced,saysCourtine.HeandhiscolleagueswantedtofindoutwhetherdirectlystimulatingthespinalcordinapersonwithsevereParkinson’sdiseasecouldhelp.Theteamdesignedthedevicethatspecificallytargetsneurons（神經(jīng)元）inthespinethatareactivatedwhenlegswalk,whichshowedpromiseinnon-humanprimateswithParkinson’s-likesymptoms.Totestitinaperson,theresearchersrecruiteda62-year-oldmancalledMarc,whohasexperiencedParkinson’ssymptomsforaround30years.Theseincludedpacefreezing-suddenandtemporaryinabilitytomove.TheresearchersfirsthadtomaptheneuronsinMarc’sspine.Thishelpedtoguidetheapplicationofstimulatorssotheywouldonlytargethislegs’neurons.TheythenplacedsensorsonMarc’slegsandshoestomonitortheelectricalactivityoftheneuronsthatactivatethemusclesintheselimbsandhisfeet.Whenthesesensorsdetectedthiselectricalactivity,theyactivatedthestimulators.Afterthreemonths’trainingusingthestimulators,Marcmoreorlessstoppedexperiencingpacefreezing.Marcsaysthatpassingthroughnarrowpathsorturninghadpreviouslycausedpacefreezing,whichledtohimfallingfiveorsixtimesaday.Marchasnowbeenusingthestimulatorfortwoyearsandsayshehardlyfallsanymore,allowinghimtowalkseveralkilometresatatime.ThestimulationispersonalisedtoMarc.Nevertheless,theteamthinksasimilartechniquecouldhelpmanypeople.Butthereareatleastfivemoreyearsofdevelopmentbeforethetreatmentwillreachpeopleoutsideatrial,saysCourtine.12.WhydoesCourtine’steamdesignthedevice?A.Conventionaltreatmentshelplittle. B.Patientssufferfromdeep-brainstimulation.C.Thedeviceismuchcheaper. D.Themedicinehasside-effects.13.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theprocedureofthetreatment. B.Theeffectsoftheresearch.C.Thefunctionofstimulators. D.Thepredictionofresearchers.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Marcisdissatisfiedwiththetreatment. B.Marcrecoversafterthree-month’straining.C.ThedeviceisspeciallyadjustedforMarc. D.Thedevicehasbeenusedwidely.15.Whatisthelimitationofthisresearch?A.Smallsample. B.Lowtechnology. C.Highcost. D.Inconvenientoperation.【答案】12.A13.A14.C15.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一位帕金森病患者在接受了一種刺激脊髓的裝置治療后，其行走能力得到了顯著改善。雖然這項研究基于一個患者，但研究人員認為這種方法可以幫助許多人。不過，這項治療還需要至少五年的時間才能推廣到試驗之外的人群。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“However,manypeopledon’trespondtothesetreatments,particularlyiftheirconditionisadvanced,saysCourtine.(然而，許多人對這些治療沒有反應，特別是當他們的病情進展時，庫爾蒂納說。)”可知，Courtine的團隊設計這個裝置是因為傳統(tǒng)的治療方法對許多人特別是病情嚴重的人幫助不大。故選A?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“TheresearchersfirsthadtomaptheneuronsinMarc’sspine.Thishelpedtoguidetheapplicationofstimulatorssotheywouldonlytargethislegs’neurons.TheythenplacedsensorsonMarc’slegsandshoestomonitortheelectricalactivityoftheneuronsthatactivatethemusclesintheselimbsandhisfeet.Whenthesesensorsdetectedthiselectricalactivity,theyactivatedthestimulators.(研究人員首先必須繪制出馬克脊柱中的神經(jīng)元。這有助于指導刺激器的應用，使它們只針對他腿上的神經(jīng)元。然后，他們在馬克的腿和鞋子上安裝了傳感器，以監(jiān)測激活四肢和腳上肌肉的神經(jīng)元的電活動。當這些傳感器檢測到這種電活動時，它們就會激活刺激器。)”可知，本段主要介紹了這種裝置的治療過程。故選A?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Afterthreemonths’trainingusingthestimulators,Marcmoreorlessstoppedexperiencingpacefreezing.(在使用刺激器訓練三個月后，馬克或多或少地停止了速度凍結(jié)。)”和最后一段“ThestimulationispersonalisedtoMarc.(這種刺激是為馬克量身定做的。)”可知，這個裝置是為馬克特別調(diào)整的。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“AmanwithParkinson’s（帕金森）diseasehasexperiencedasubstantialimprovementinhisabilitytowalkafterbeingfittedwithadevicethatelectricallystimulateshisspinalcord（脊髓）.Thefindings,althoughbasedononeperson,suggestthiscouldbeusedtotreatmovementdisorders.(一名患有帕金森氏癥的男子在安裝了一種電刺激脊髓的裝置后，他的行走能力有了實質(zhì)性的改善。雖然研究結(jié)果是基于一個人的，但這表明它可以用于治療運動障礙。)”可知，這項研究基于一個人，樣本量小，這是該研究的局限性。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whetheryourunaraceorbounceabasketball,youdoitbecauseit’sfun.Somescientistsclaimthatplayisanaturalinstinct,justlikesleep.____16____Sportscomeinmanyshapesandsizes.Bothteamandindividualsportshaveadvantagesanddisadvantages.Inateamsportsuchassoccer,you’repartofagroup,strugglingtobeawinningteam.____17____Inanindividualsportsuchastennis,you’reusuallyconcernedonlyaboutyourownperformance.Thatcanmakethesesportsmorechallenging.There’slittledoubtaboutthevalueofsports.Welearnhowtonegotiateplans,settledisagreements,andmonitorourattitude.Sinceorganizedsportsareahands-on,minds-onlearningprocess,theystimulateourimagination,curiosity,andcreativity.____18____Forexample,weuselanguageduringplaytosolveproblems,andweusemathskillstorecognizeaveragesandoddsofeachsportsplay.Inaperfectworld,everyonewouldhavefunplayingsports.____19____Sportscancausebrokenbones,scrapesandbruises.Theycanalsohurtuspsychologically.Whenyoungchildrenplayself-initiatedgamessuchashide-and-seek,misunderstandingsandhurtfeelingsarepartofthelearningprocess.Playingsportsdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoplayonaschoolteam.Fewpeoplehavewhatittakestobeaprofessionalathlete.Butyourschoolbasketballcoachorgymnasticsteacherhasfoundawaytomakeplaytheirwork.Indoingso,they’vefoundaprofessionbestsuitedtotheirabilities.____20____There’snobetterplacetoplayandlearnabouttheworldthanonasportsfield.A.Butthat’snotalwaysthecase.B.Regardlessofyoursport,playtohavefun.CSportsmayhavebegunasaformofsurvival.D.Theskillswelearncanbeappliedtoschoolandwork.E.Thismightexplainwhysportsarelikelytobeasoldashumanity.F.Therearerulestoobey,skillstolearn,andstrategiestocarryout.G.Youmustlearntogetalongwithyourteammatesandshareresponsibility.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.A20.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了運動的起源、運動的好處以及運動的風險?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Somescientistsclaimthatplayisanaturalinstinct,justlikesleep.(一些科學家聲稱，玩耍是一種本能，就像睡覺一樣。)”可知，體育運動和睡覺在人類起初就存在，選擇項E“Thismightexplainwhysportsarelikelytobeasoldashumanity.(這也許可以解釋為什么體育運動可能和人類一樣古老。)”承接自然，且E項中sports與上文play相呼應，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Inateamsportsuchassoccer,you’repartofagroup,strugglingtobeawinningteam.(在足球等團隊運動中，你是一個團隊的一部分，努力成為一個獲勝的團隊。)”可知，在團隊運動中，必須學會與隊友相處，分享責任，才有可能讓團隊獲勝。選擇項G“Youmustlearntogetalongwithyourteammatesandshareresponsibility.(你必須學會與隊友相處并分擔責任。)”承接自然，且G項中teammates與上文group相呼應，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Sinceorganizedsportsareahands-on,minds-onlearningprocess,theystimulateourimagination,curiosity,andcreativity.(由于有組織的體育運動是一個動手、動腦的學習過程，它們激發(fā)了我們的想象力、好奇心和創(chuàng)造力。)”可知，運動和學習工作是密切相關的，選擇項D“Theskillswelearncanbeappliedtoschoolandwork.(我們學到的技能可以應用到學校和工作中。)”承接自然，且D項中skills與上文imagination,curiosity,andcreativity相呼應，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Inaperfectworld,everyonewouldhavefunplayingsports.(在一個完美的世界里，每個人都會在運動中獲得樂趣。)”和下文“Sportscancausebrokenbones,scrapesandbruises.Theycanalsohurtuspsychologically.(運動可以導致骨折，擦傷和擦傷。它們也會在心理上傷害我們。)”可知，運動可以獲得樂趣，但有時也帶來傷害，選擇項A“Butthat’snotalwaysthecase.(但情況并非總是如此。)”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關系，且A項中that指代上文內(nèi)容，故選A。【20題詳解】根據(jù)下文“There’snobetterplacetoplayandlearnabouttheworldthanonasportsfield.(沒有比運動場更好的地方來玩耍和了解世界了。)”可知，在運動場不管做什么運動，開心就好，選擇項B“Regardlessofyoursport,playtohavefun.(不管你從事什么運動，玩得開心就好。)”承接自然，且B項中play與下文play相呼應，故選B。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Wemakealivingbywhatweget,butwemakealifebywhatwegive.Thissayingperfectlyshowsthe____21____ofgiving,andhowithelpsto____22____ourownlives.Oneofthemostfrequentwaysofgivingisthroughvoluntarywork,wherewehelpotherswithoutreceivinganyfinancialreward____23____.Ioncevolunteeredto____24____one-roomflatswherethelessfortunatelived.WhenIfirstenteredtheflat,Iwas____25____atthelivingconditions.Itwasovercrowdedwithpeopleandhouseholditemscoveredwithdust.____26____,Icouldnotcontainmyjudgement,andwasinstinctively____27____abouttheownersoftheflat.However,asthecleaningproceeded,Italkedtothem.Learningabout____28____thatthefamilyhadmetwith,Iwasregretfulformyinitial____29____judgementofthem.AnothertimewhenIvolunteeredtoteachlifeskillstostudentswithcerebralpalsy(腦癱),Ifoundtheywerevery_____30_____oftheteachers.Theyoftensaid“thankyou”andsmiledwheneverIhelpedthemevenwitha_____31_____task.ThisexperiencehasallowedmetobemoremindfulofthethingsthatItakeforgranted,andtobemorecarefulofnotlettinginsignificantthings_____32_____me.Voluntaryworkhasprovidedmewiththeopportunitytogainmore_____33_____intothelivesofthelessfortunateandcountthe_____34_____inmylife.Insteadofjustbeingabsorbedinyourown_____35_____,extendahelpinghandtoothers.21.A.difference B.hardship C.significance D.popularity22.A.enrich B.challenge C.accept D.balance23.A.inneed B.inreturn C.inrelief D.inperson24.A.sell B.paint C.visit D.clean25.A.overjoyed B.terrified C.shocked D.content26.A.Slowly B.Admittedly C.Reportedly D.Interestingly27.A.critical B.worried C.curious D.serious28.A.volunteers B.chances C.misfortunes D.neighbors29.A.unkind B.complete C.objective D.strange30.A.fearful B.appreciative C.proud D.tired31.A.formal B.boring C.complex D.small32.A.attract B.push C.cure D.bother33.A.possibilities B.insight C.admission D.rights34.A.number B.memories C.blessings D.cost35.A.needs B.judgement C.choices D.income【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.C29.A30.B31.D32.D33.B34.B35.A【解析】【導語】本文為一篇夾敘夾議文，講述了作者通過志愿者工作體驗到給予的價值和對個人生活的積極影響。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這句話完美地說明了給予的重要性，以及它如何幫助我們豐富自己的生活。A.difference不同，區(qū)別；B.hardship困難；C.significance意義；D.popularity流行。根據(jù)前文“Wemakealivingbywhatweget,butwemakealifebywhatwegive.”可知，這句話說明了給予的意義。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這句話完美地說明了給予的重要性，以及它如何幫助我們豐富自己的生活。A