初中英語作文基礎(chǔ)精講

書面表達基礎(chǔ)精講考試規(guī)律及考點介紹話題講練遣詞造句目錄PART

1考試規(guī)律及考點介紹書面表達在陜西省初中畢業(yè)考試英語科目中占15分，考查學生直接用英語進行比較簡單的書面表達的能力。寫作方向主要以活動計劃、做法建議、寫人敘事為主。分析近十年，可看出作文話題主要跟學生的學校生活、飲食健康、活動計劃、人際交往及學習策略有關(guān)。評分標準第一檔：(14-15分)符合提議要求，表達完整，條理清晰，語句通順，語言正確無誤，大小寫及標點運用得當。全文結(jié)構(gòu)嚴密,完整，語言流暢。第二檔：(10-13分)符合題意要求，表達基本完整，條理較清晰，語句較通順，語言基本無誤，有語法或標點錯誤，但句子較為通暢，文章思路清晰，邏輯推理正常。第三檔：(7-9分)基本符合題意要求，表達基本完整，條理較清晰，語句較通順。語法或者標點錯誤較多，文章結(jié)構(gòu)不嚴密，但表達意思清楚。第四檔:(4-6分)基本符合題意要求，表達不清楚，語法或標點錯誤過多。詞數(shù)不夠，語意表達不清晰，文章邏輯關(guān)系混亂。第五檔：(0-3分)能傳達給讀者些許信息；內(nèi)容太少，無法評判；寫的內(nèi)容均與所要求內(nèi)容無關(guān)或所寫內(nèi)容無法看清。內(nèi)容要點齊全二.語言字數(shù)語法拼寫標點三.組織結(jié)構(gòu)

高級詞匯及句型

篇章結(jié)構(gòu)1.認真審題，確定要點

1）審題材—人，物，活動

2）審體裁—確定文體和功能用語

3）審要點—可添加，但不可遺漏

4）審時態(tài)—是否存在多種時態(tài)

5）審人稱—第一人稱，第二人稱還是第三人稱。2.針對內(nèi)容要點，羅列翻譯重點。3.草擬提綱，理清思路。寫作要求寫作前1.語言規(guī)范，把握時態(tài)2.巧用過渡詞，行文連貫3.拼寫正確，書寫規(guī)范，卷面整潔寫作中常見錯誤梳理寫作后檢查半命題作文題目是否完整要點是否齊全人稱是否一致時態(tài)是否一致句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整有無拼寫，標點，大小寫錯誤陜西歷年中考真題分析年份考察話題題目寫作內(nèi)容2020做法建議類無如何愛護校園環(huán)境，健康生活2019做法建議類無處理書籍和筆記的計劃與理由2018敘事類無照顧五歲的妹妹Nana2017實物介紹Myfavorite_______我最歡的衣服2016活動計劃類無去附近的村莊游玩2015敘事類Avisitto_______home走親訪友的經(jīng)歷2014觀點看法類無日常生活的不良現(xiàn)象2013活動計劃類無組織助學，聯(lián)誼2012寫人敘事無寫好人好事2011活動計劃類無外出學校旅行敘事寫人活動計劃寫物話題建議觀點看法

PART2遣詞造句一.五大基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)

(2016陜西)

假如你是李明，你準備和父母去附近的村莊游玩，請根據(jù)提示語，給恰逢來你學校交流學習的David寫一封e-mail，邀請他一同前往。提示詞feedanimalspickfruitandvegetablesmaketealearntocookplaygamesIwillfeedanimals.1.主+謂+賓Iwillpickfruitandvegetables.Iwillmaketea.Iwilllearntocook.Iwillplaygames.2.主+系+表(2010陜西)

假如你是李林，你的美國筆友Sam要來你的家鄉(xiāng)，恰巧你不在，你想介紹一位與Sam志趣相投的同學劉凱接待他。請參考下表中Sam的相關(guān)信息，用英語寫一份郵件，說明劉凱的情況。Age16Hobbiessports,music,traveling…Personality(性格)honest,friendly,helpful…OtherinformationwanttolearnChinese,likeChineseculture…Heishonest.Heisfriendly.…3.主+謂+賓語1+賓語2（2019陜西）即將畢業(yè)的你，將如何處理初中階段的各種書籍和筆?E.g.Iamgoingtogivemytextbookstomyyoungercousins.（2020陜西）某英文網(wǎng)站開展關(guān)于“美麗校園，健康生活”的征稿活動。請你根據(jù)以下圖示內(nèi)容積極投稿，倡導(dǎo)同學們“愛護校園環(huán)境，健康快樂活”。4.主+謂+賓語+賓補提示詞：keeptheschoolcleane.g.:We

shouldkeeptheschoolclean.二.擴句巧用時態(tài)巧用短語擴句方式主語變身巧用從句主語變身both…and…就近原則notonly…butalso…就遠原則togetherwithalongwithaswellas

2016陜西假如你是李明，你準備和父母去附近的村莊游玩，請根據(jù)提示語，給恰逢來你學校交流學習的David寫一封e-mail，邀請他一同前往。我準備和我的父母去附近的村莊游玩。both…and….BothIandmyparentswillvisitthevillagenearby.notonly…butalso…NotonlyIbutalsomyparentswillvisitthevillagenearby.togetherwithI,togetherwithmyparents,willvisitthevillagenearby.alongwithI,alongwithmyparents,willvisitthevillagenearby.aswellasI,aswellasmyparents,willvisitthevillagenearby.巧用時態(tài)一般將來時will+v.原be

going

to+v.原be

to

+v.原be

about

to

+v.原planto+v.原我準備和我的父母去附近的村莊游玩。I,togetherwithmyparents,willvisitthevillagenearby.will+v原be

going

to+v原be

to

+v原be

about

to

+v原planto+v原I,togetherwithmyparents,amgoingtovisitthevillagenearby.I,togetherwithmyparents,amtogotovisitthevillagenearby.I,togetherwithmyparents,amabouttovisitthevillagenearby.I,togetherwithmyparents,plantovisitthevillagenearby.

巧用短語

形容詞短語

介詞短語動詞不定式形容詞短語happyandexcitedtiredbuthappynervousbutexcited…介詞短語withhappiness/excitementwithsb.inthemorning/afternoon/eveningonSunday/Saturday/attheweekend/weekdaysathome/bytheriver…動詞不定式todo/inordertodosothat/inorderthatI,togetherwithmyparents,amabouttovisitthevillagenearby.我準備和我的父母去附近的村莊游玩。I,togetherwithmyparents,amabouttovisitthevillagenearbyatthisweekendinordertorelaxourselveswithhappinessandexcitement.2018陜西上周日我和我的妹妹Nana在家玩游戲來進行自我放松，我們非常開心和激動。Iplayedgames.IplayedgameswithmysisterNanaathometorelaxourselveslastSunday,happyandexcited.

巧用從句狀語從句賓語從句定語從句狀語從句時間狀語從句when,

while,

since,

before,

after,

until/till,assoonas2.讓步狀語從句though,

although,

evenif,

eventhough,

if3.條件狀語從句if,

unless,

aslongas4.原因狀語從句becauseIplayedgameswithmysisterNanaathometorelaxourselveslastSunday,happyandexcited.IplayedgameswithmysisterNanaathometorelaxourselveslastSundaywhenmyparentswerenotathome,happyandexcited.賓語從句IplayedgameswithmysisterNanaathometorelaxourselveslastSundaywhenmyparentswerenotathome,happyandexcited.Atthesametime,Ithinkthatitwasagoodchanceforustobeindependent.定語從句I,togetherwithmyparents,amabouttovisitthevillagenearbyatthisweekendinordertorelaxourselveswithhappinessandexcitement,whichwillbethemostinterestingandmeaningfulactivityatthisweekend.PART3話題講練記敘文活動上午講故事，唱歌，……中午煮面（cooknoodles），休息（havearest），……下午玩游戲，看動畫片（watchcartoons），……感受……2018陜西

假如你是李華，上周日你獨自在家照看你五歲的妹妹Nana，請根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容，寫一篇短文。要求：1．參考表格內(nèi)容，可適當發(fā)揮；2．語句通順，意思連貫，書寫工整；3．文章不得出現(xiàn)任何真實信息（姓名、校名和地名等）4．詞數(shù)：不少于70詞。（開頭已給出，但不計入總詞數(shù)。）LastSunday,myparentswerenotathome,soIlookedaftermy5-year-oldsisterNanaathome._________________________________________________________短語積累家庭活動cookdinnerclean/tidyuptheroomdohouseworkdohomeworklookafter/carefor/takecareofwatchTVplaygamesholdabirthdaypartycampdance/singflykitesridebikestakephotosclimbmountainspickupflowerslearntodosth.practicedoingsth.出游活動短語積累旅行travelgoonatripgotothebeachgofishinggoshoppingvisitthesciencemuseum

volunteertodosth.tellstorieshelptheoldtalkwith/chatwithplanttreeswaterflowerscollectlitter志愿者活動短語積累學校活動playbasketball/football/volleyball…playthepianobeinterestedinwiththehelpof…makeprogresstakepartincommunicatewithteachersandclassmatesshareproblems

審題人稱:第一人稱時態(tài):一般過去時要點文體:記敘文首段:點明主題,引出下文正文:詳細敘述活動尾段:表達感受謀篇布局首段:點明主題,引出下文開門見山型Sb.(withsb.)didsth.+地點+時間.did:visited/had/paidavisitto

某人／地方.

enjoyedawonderfultripto+地方withsb.

e.g.上周日我獨自在家照看我五歲的妹妹Nana。Ilookedaftermy5-year-oldsisterNanaatourhomebymyselflastSunday.What

would

youdoifsb.did

sth? 設(shè)置懸念型e.g.假如你的父母不在家，那你會怎么做呢？Whatwouldyoudoifyourparentswerenotathome?以情動人型1.(Lookingbackonthepast,)Ican'thelpsmiling/feelingwarm/moved/happywhenIrememberthat+sb.didsth+時間/地點.2.Everyonehastheirownunforgettablememory.Tome,ithappened

(時間狀語).Icanstillrememberitclearly.Lookingbackonthepast,Ican'thelpfeelinghappywhenIrememberthatIspentawonderfuldaywithmysisterNana.e.g.回顧過去，當我想起我和我妹娜娜度過了愉快的一天，我就忍不住感到開心。1.HereiswhatIdidthatday.Now,Iwouldliketo/I’meagertoshareitwithyou.2.Wedidthefollowingthingstospend/enrichouractivity/day.過渡句正文:詳細敘述活動2.Whilesb.wasdoingsth.

,sb.wasdoingsth..1.sb.didsth.+地點+心情.當我妹妹休息的時候，我正在煮西紅柿雞蛋面。MysisterandIsangsongstogetherathomehappilyandItoldmanyinterestingstoriestoher.我和我妹在家一起開心地唱歌，然后我給她講了很多有趣的故事。WhileIwascookingnoodleswithtomatoesandeggs,mysisterwashavingarest.4.Sb.didsth.assoonassb.didsth.5.Itwasthefirsttimethatsb.haddonesth.這是我第一次單獨和我妹待在一起。ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadstayedwithmysisteralone.Westoppedplayingandwatchingassoonasmyparentscameintotheroom.我爸媽一進門我們就停止了玩耍。Wedidn’tstopplayinggamesandwatchingcartonsuntilmyparentscamebackhome.直到我父母回來，我們才停止玩游戲和看動畫片。3.Sb.didn’tdosth.untilsb.didsth.先后順序起始：atfirst…/atthebeginning…/tobeginwith過程：afterthat…/then…/later/besides/what’smore最后：atlast…/finally/intheend時間序列詞早中晚inthe

morning/onSundaymorningatnoonintheafternoonintheevening正文模板Wedidthefollowingthingstospend/enrichouractivity/day.Atfirst,.sb.didsth.+地點+心情.Afterthat,Whilesb.wasdoingsth.,sb.wasdoingsth...Inthisactivity,doingXXwasthehappiest/mostmeaningfulthinginouractivity.What’smore,Sb.didn’tdosth.untilsb.didsth.Intheend,Sb.didsth.assoonassb.didsth.

Itwasthefirsttimethatsb.haddonesth.Wedidthefollowingthingstospend/enrichouractivity/day.Atfirst,MysisterandIsangsongstogetherathomehappilyandItoldmanyinterestingstoriestoher.Afterthat,WhileIwascookingnoodleswithtomatoesandeggs,mysisterwashavingarest.

Inthisactivity,helpingmysisterwithherhomeworkwasthehappiest/mostmeaningfulthinginouractivity.What’smore,Wedidn’tstopplayinggamesandwatchingcartonsuntilmyparentscamebackhome.Intheend,Westoppedplayingandwatchingassoonasmyparentscameintotheroom.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadstayedwithmysisteralone.尾段：表達感受1.Whatapleasantdaywehad!AlthoughIwastiredthatday,Ifeltveryhappy.I'mlookingforwardtodoingsth.againnexttime.2.Doingsth.isasmallthing,butinmyheartitisabighappiness.Happinessisalwaysaroundyouifyouputyourheartintoit.1.Whatanunforgettablethingitisinmylife!2.ThedayisoneofthemostunforgettabledaysinmymindthatIwillneverforgetit.歡樂型難忘型1.Itwasmorethananexperience! Allinall,Ibenefitedalotfromtoday’sactivity.2.I’velearnedalotfromthisexperience,whichbenefitsmealot.意義型用于志愿性活動（做好事）結(jié)尾場景句型擴充1.IwassoproudtohavedonewhatIcouldforthisvolunteeractivity.Allinall,I'velearnedmorethanIcansay.I'lvalueitforever.2.Throughthisactivity,Irealizethatit'snoteasybutmeaningfultobeavolunteer.3.IcouldnotonlydowhatIlovetodobutalsohelpothers.用于戶外活動（學校）1.Inmyopinion,theseactivitiescannotonlymakeourlifecolorfulbutalsoletusrelax.2.Ithinkthisactivityofferedme/usagoodexperiencetodevelopabilitiesaswellasopenourmind.全文模板

(Lookingbackonthepast,)Ican'thelpsmiling/feelingwarm/moved/happywhenIrememberthat+sb.didsth+時間/地點.Wedidthefollowingthingstospend/enrichouractivity/day.Atfirst,.sb.didsth.+地點+心情.Afterthat,Whilesb.wasdoingsth.,sb.wasdoingsth...Inthisactivity,doingXXwasthehappiest/mostmeaningfulthinginouractivity.What’smore,Sb.didn’tdosth.untilsb.didsth.Intheend,Sb.didsth.assoonassb.didsth.Itwasthefirsttimethatsb.haddonesth.ThedayisoneofthemostunforgettabledaysinmymindthatIwillneverforgetit.活動計劃類2016陜西短語積累出行方式bycar/bus/planetakethebus/train/subway/boat/ship/planerideabikeonfoot/walk時間安排summervacationNewYear’sDayMid-AutumnDayfrom9o’clockto12o’clock活動安排haveapicnicgoshoppinggoforawalk milkacowrideahorse feedchickenstakephotos rowaboatgofishing climbthemountainsplaysomegames gosightseeing注意安全：pay(close/great)attentiontooursafety遵守紀律：followtheorders/instructions按時回來：besuretocomebackontime.記錄沿途風景：recordalongthewonderfulview.萬能句型審題人稱：第一人稱時態(tài)：一般將來時結(jié)構(gòu)首段：引出活動+發(fā)出邀請中段：細節(jié)描述尾段：呼應(yīng)主題首段：引出活動誰打算（在什么時間什么地點）干啥？1.Sb.willdo

sth(withsb.)+(地點+時間).2.Bothsb.andsb.aregoingtopayavisitto

某人/地+(地點+時間).BothIandmyparentswillpayavisittoavillagenearbyatthisweekend.e.g.我和我父母這個周末將去附近的村莊游玩。發(fā)出邀請1.Wouldsb.liketodosth.withsb.?2.Iwouldliketoinviteyoutodosth.,because+原因e.g.Wehaven’tseeneachotherforawhile.3.ThereasonwhyIwouldliketoinviteyoutodosth.isthat…e.g.Itisoneofthe+adj.最高級+名（復(fù)數(shù)）thatI’veeverseen/heard/met/experienced.e.g.我為什么想邀請你和我們一起去，是因為這是我見到的最漂亮的村莊之一。ThereasonwhyIwouldliketoinviteyoutogowithusisthatitisoneofthemostbeautifulvillagesthatI’veeverseen.BothIandmyparentswillpayavisittoavillagenearbyatthisweekend.ThereasonwhyIwouldliketoinviteyoutogowithusisthatitisoneofthemostbeautifulvillagesthatI’veeverseen.首段中間段：細節(jié)描述承上啟下1.Hereismyplanfor…(例如:thisweekend/activity)2.Wecandothefollowingthings…(tospendourweekend/holiday)3.Nowletmetell/sharesomethingabout+活動(或用it代替之前內(nèi)容).4.Wecandothefollowingthingstoenrich…(ouractivity).

Wecandothefollowingthingstoenrichouractivity.Atfirst,wecandosth..Afterthat,itisagoodideatodosth.(becauseIamsointerestedinsth./doingsth.).Besides,Ithinkdoingsth.willbethemostmeaningfulthinginouractivity.Then,wewilldosth..Atlast,let’sdosth.togetherandwewillenjoyourselves.中間段模板

Wecandothefollowingthingstoenrichouractivity.Atfirst,wecanpickfruitandvegetables.Afterthat,itisagoodideatolearntocook.Besides,Ithinkfeedinganimalsisthemostmeaningfulthinginouractivity.Then,wewillchatwiththevillagers.Atlast,let’splaygamestogetherandwewillenjoyourselves.尾段：呼應(yīng)主題1.I’mreallylookingforwardtospendingawonderful/anunforgettabledaywith