安徽省蕪湖市2023-2024高二下學(xué)期第一次學(xué)情診斷英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版）

2023—2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期第一次學(xué)情檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題考生注意：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無(wú)效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.【答案】C1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whenisitprobablyconvenientforthewomantoreceivetheorder?A.At5:30. B.At6:20. C.At6:40.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthewomansatisfiedwithaboutthehouse?A.Thekitchen. B.Thebedroom. C.Thefurniture.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatwillTeddointheperformance?A.Holdthedragonball. B.Actthedragonbody. C.Wavethedragonhead.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhydoesthegirletoMike?A.Tolearnabouthiscollection.B.Toaskhimaboutamuseum.C.Toinvitehimtoanexhibition.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirkids’hobbies. B.Theirpastweekend. C.Anaturepark.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whogaveaspeechlastweek?A.Adoctor. B.Acook. C.Aputerengineer.7.Whatwillnextweek’sspeechbeabout?A.Studyingputerscienceatwork.B.Plantingvegetablesinspace.C.Keepinghealthyinlife.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Wheredidtheboyprobablygolastnight?A.Toacinema. B.Toastadium. C.TotheGreens’.9.Whatwillthespeakersdothisafternoon?A.Finishtheirhomework. B.Dosomeparttimejobs. C.Takecareofalittleboy.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inazoo. B.Inasupermarket. C.Inanamusementpark.11.Whatdoestheboyweartoday?A.Awhiteshirt. B.Blackshorts. C.AblackTshirt.12.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Makeanannouncement. B.Gotothepolicestation. C.Searchfortheboy.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Colleagues. C.Classmates.14.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutmostgamesinthemorning?AUnsatisfied. B.Excited. C.Worried.15.Whichpartdoesthemanlikebest?AThetrustgame. B.Thepersonalitytest. C.Therelayrace.16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Haveabreak. B.Havelunch. C.Playanothergame.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.WhatdidthespeakerthinkofherlifeinGhana?A.Relaxing. B.Busy. C.Boring.18.Wheredidthebabybirdliketorest?A.Ontowels. B.Inatree. C.Inthespeaker’shand.19.Whydidn’tthespeakernamethebird?A.Shecouldn’teupwithagoodone.B.Sheknewthebirdwouldfinallyleaveher.C.Sheconsidereditstrangetonameabird.20.Whatdidthespeakerdoafterthebirdflewaway?A.ShemovedbacktoEngland.B.Shemanagedtogetitback.C.Shewroteabookaboutit.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALifeBookThereisnogreatergiftthatyoucangivetothenextgenerationsofyourfamilythanyourstory.How?Bysharingyourstoryintheformofaprivateautobiography(自傳).LifeBook,providingafullrangeofservices,willunlockthoughtsandmemories,bringingthemtogetherinawaythatwillbeenjoyable,stimulatinganddeeplyrewarding,andcreateyourownautobiography,200pagesplus60ofyourownphotos.Yourbookin3simplesteps★RelivememoriesandstoriesYourpersonalinterviewerwillbeskilledintheartoflistening.Over12meetings,heorshewilllearnyourstory,helpingyourecallmemoriesinanenjoyableandstimulatingway.★Finishthemanuscript(初稿),pletewithphotosEveryminuteofyourconversationswithourinterviewerisrecordedandthensharedwithyourdevotedwriter.Heorshewillworkwithyoutofinishamanuscriptyouarehappywith.★ShareyourlifestorywithlovedonesWhenthemanuscriptisdone,it’stimeforthefinalstageofproducingyourbook.Soon,10copiesofabeautifullybound,hardbackbookwillbedelivereddirectlytoyouandthefamilymembersyou’vechosentoreceivea“firstedition”.Thenenjoytheexcitementandprideofsharingyourveryownpersonalautobiographywithyourfamily,nowandforever.RememberandberememberedMyhopeisthatmygrandchildrenandthenextgenerationwillgetsomeofthevaluesthatareimportanttome.ItisthebestgiftIcouldhavegiventomyfamily.—JerrieRuddBreenMychildrenandgrandchildrenwereamazedwhenIpresentedthemwiththebooks.Myeldestsonthenimmediatelyreadhiscopyfromcovertocover.—HarryGowStartyourstorytellingjourneyandpreserveyourlegacyintoyourveryownprivateautobiography!It’seasytogetstarted;calltodayon08009992280.21.WhatservicedoesLifeBookprovide?A.Recallingmemoriesinanenjoyingway. B.Chooseagreatgiftforone’sfamily.C.Improveone’sthinkingability. D.Writeabookaboutone’slife.22.Whichofthefollowingwillyoudointhesecondstep?A.Pickoutsixtyphotos. B.Rewriteyourmanuscript.C.Meetyourinterviewerforthelasttime. D.Recordyourconversationswithyourwriter.23.What’sthepurposeofthe“Rememberandberemembered”part?A.Tocallforments. B.Topromotesomewriters.C.Tosharesomegoodstories. D.ToattractcustomerstoLifeBook.BPhiloTaylorFarnsworthinventedthecurrentsystemoftelevisiontransmission(傳輸)andreceptionin1928,anditwasconsideredoneofthegreatscientificinventionsofthe20thcentury.Itwasremarkablebecausetheyounginventorhadjustcelebratedhis22ndbirthday.Farnsworthhaddesiredtobeaninventorsincetheageofsix.Farnsworthwasjust14whenhehadtheideaoftelevision.OnAugust261930,aboutadecadeafterfirsthavingtheideathatwasthebasisofhisinvention,hereceivedthepatent(專利)ontheelectronictelevisionsystem.Bytheendofhislife,hehadheldmorethan300patents.Farnsworthwasn’tthefirstpersontodreamuptelevision,buthewasthefirstpersontofindawaytomakeitworkwithoutamechanicalaspect.Thebiggestproblemthatinventorsfacedwashowtotransmitimagedata.Farnsworth’scentralinnovationwastoimagineawayofdoingitthatreliedonelectronictechnologyalone,andsowouldn’tbesloweddownbytheabilitiesofamechanicalimagetransmittingsystem.Farnsworthdreameduphisideawhilehewasdrivingahorsedrawnharrow(耙)onthefamily’snewfarminIdaho.Ashewasplowing(犁)apotatofieldinstraight,parallel(平行的)lines,hesawtelevision.Heimaginedasystemthatwouldbreakanimageintohorizontal(水平的)linesandputthoselinesbacktogetherintoapictureattheotherend.In1927,PhiloandhiswifeElmawatchedashemadethefirsttransmission:Ahorizontallinewastransmittedtoareceiverinthenextroom.Twoyearsafterthatfirsttransmission,FarnsworthsentanimageofElmaandherbrother,makingherthefirstwomanonTV.Farnsworththoughthisinventionhadrealisticprospects.“Ifwewereabletoseepeopleinothercountriesandlearnaboutourdifferences,whywouldtherebeanymisunderstandings?”heasked.“Warwouldbeathingofthepast.”24.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Farnsworthhadtheideaofinventingthetelevisionsincehewassix.B.ElmaandherbrotherwereonTVtogetherin1929.C.Farnsworthwasthefirstpersontodreamuptelevision.D.ThefirsttelevisioninventedbyFarnsworthappearedin1930.25.WhatwasthebiggestchallengeFarnsworthfacedwhendevelopingthesystemoftelevision?A.Howtorecognizethepicture.B.Howtomakethepictureclearer.C.Howtotransmitimagedatausingelectronictechnology.D.Howtoimprovetheabilitiesofthemechanicalimagetransmittingsystem.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFarnsworth’sprocessofinventingthesystemoftelevision?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.C.Natureisanendlesssourceofinspiration. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.27.WhatdidFarnsworththinkofhisinvention?A.Itinspiredpeopletoliveafortablelife.B.Ithelpedclearupmisunderstandingsbetweenpeopleindifferentcountries.C.Itenabledpeopletounderstandwarsdeeply.D.Itencouragedustobecuriousabouttheoutsideworld.CForalltheimportanceweplaceonwords,whetherspokenorwritten,muchofthemunicatingwedoonaregularbasisesthroughbodylanguage.AccordingtopioneeringresearchbyDr.AlbertMehrabian,only7percentofthemeaningfromhumanmunicationesfromtheactualspokenwordsused.Anadditional38percentesfrompeople’stoneofvoice,whilealarge55percentesfrombodylanguage.Researchershavelongidentifiedthatcertainkindsofbodymovementsandfacialexpressionscanmunicateinformationabouttheemotionswehappentobeexperiencingatthetime.Butaretheseemotionalsignalsshapedbydifferentculturesoraretheyuniversaltoallhumans?AnewresearcharticlepublishedinthejournalEmotionattemptstoanswerthisquestionthroughacrossculturalstudy.TheresearcherstraveledtoRatanakiri,CambodiatostudymembersofadistantKreunghilltribe(部落).LivinginCambodia’shighlands,theKreungarestilllargelyseparatedfromtheoutsideworldexceptforoccasionalvisitors.Theyhaveyettobeassimilated(同化)asmanyothersocietieshavebeen.Inthestudy,asetofvideoswerepreparedfeaturinganAmericanwoman,displayingthreepositiveemotions(happiness,loveandpride)andthreenegativeemotions(anger,fearandsadness)usingbodylanguagealone.TheeffectivenessofthesevideoswastestedusingthirtyfourAmericanparticipants.ThevideoswerethenpresentedtotwentysixKreungindividuals(elevenofwhomwerefemale).Theywereaskedtodescribetheemotionsbeingdisplayedintheirownwords.ResultsshowedthattheKreungparticipantstendedtobequiteaccurateinguessingwhichemotionswerebeingpresented.Theoverallaccuracyratewassixtytwopercentthoughtheiraccuracyindetectingspecificemotionssuchasangerandhappinesswasfarhigher.Overall,therewasnosignificantdiscrepancybetweenKreungandAmericanratersindetectingemotions,thoughAmericanparticipantsdidmuchbetterindetectingprideandlove.Still,thestudydoessuggestthatbodymovementscanexpressemotionssuchasanger,fear,sadnessandloveeventoindividualsbelongingtodifferentcultures.Emotionalsignalsreflectbasichumanneedsanddesiresthatallhumansshare.Learningmoreabouthowbasicbiologyandsocialfactorsshapethewaywemunicatemaywellbeessentialinhelpingtounderstandourselvesbetter.28.WhyweretheKreungchoseninthestudy?A.Theyliveahardandpoorlife. B.Theymakealivingbydevelopingtourism.CTheyenjoyarelativelyunaffectedculture. D.Theyusebodylanguagealonetomunicate.29.HowdoesthewriterdescribetheresultsofthestudyinParagraph5?A.Byusingpictures. B.Bytellingstories. C.Byanalyzingcauses. D.Bymakingparisons.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discrepancy”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Difference. B.munication. C.Relation. D.Balance.31.Whatdidtheresearchersconcludefromthestudy?A.Emotionalsignalsareessentiallylanguages.B.Emotionalbodylanguagemaygobeyondculture.C.Humanssharealltheemotionalbodymovements.D.Biologyandsocialfactorsaffectbasichumanneedsanddesires.DTheincreaseinprimate(靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物)ecotourismiscausingstressrelatedbehaviorsinmonkeys,accordingtoanewstudy.Thestudy,ledbytheUniversityofPortsmouth,lookedattheimpactofasingleenginemotorboatapproachingamunityofproboscismonkeys(長(zhǎng)鼻猴).Thosemonkeysareunusualwiththeirverylongnoses,whichmakesthemappealingtotourists.Andmanyoftheboatscarryingthetouristsapproachtheprimatesquicklyandloudly,oftenreachingtheriverbanksjustafewmetersawayfromthewildlife.Theresearchersconductedtheexperimentbyapproachingthemonkeysinamotorboatwithdifferentspeedsandtraveldistances—fastclose(approachingthemonkeysfor10secondswhen40metersawayataspeedof14.4km/hr),slowclose(approachingthemonkeyfor40secondswhen40metersawayataspeedof3.6km/hr),andslowfarconditions(approachingthemonkeysfor20secondswhen100metersaway,ataspeedof3.6km/hr).Theresultsshowedthatthemonkeysdisplayedstressrelatedbehaviorsforlongerinthefastcloseandslowcloseconditionsandalsoreducedfeedingasaresultoftheboatapproachinginthefastclosecondition.Oncetheboatstartedtoapproach,theproboscismonkeysshowedrepeatedscratching(撓)andoftenmovedquicklybackwardstohideinthetrees.Thiscouldpotentiallycausethemonkeystoleavetheirsafesleepingsitesandtogodeepintotheforestasitgetsdark,wheretheycouldfaceahigherriskofpredation(捕食行為).“Collectively,ourfindingssuggestthattheapproachofasinglemotorboatledtostressinproboscismonkeyswhentheywereapproachedascloselyas60metersfromtheothersideoftheriver,regardlessofthespeedofapproach,”saidDrMarinaDavilaRoss,leadauthorofthestudy.Theresearchersthusproposethatguidelinesforprimatetourismintheriversideareasshouldincludeanapproachspeedofnomorethan4km/hrwithin100metersoftheproboscismonkeys.Theysuggestitisalsoimportanttokeepadistance,preferablynocloserthan60metersaway,fromthemonkeys.“Suchinformationmightbehelpfulfortourists,allowingthemtomodify(修改)theirbehaviorswhenvisitingtheprimatesandwhenencouragingguidestofollowtheguidelines,”DrDavilaRossadded.32.Whatdidtheresearchers’experimentshowaboutproboscismonkeys?A.Theyfoundtheslowcloseconditionmoststressful.B.Theytendedtogohuntingwhenfacedwithdanger.C.Theylosttheirsenseofsafetyatthesoundofmotorboats.D.Theylosttheirwayveryeasilyatthesightofmotorboats.33.Whatdotheresearchersadvisetouriststodo?A.Toapproachproboscismonkeyslessfrequently.B.Toavoidgettingtooclosetoproboscismonkeys.C.Toaskguidesformoreinformationaboutproboscismonkeys.D.Tobehavethemselveswhiletryingtofeedproboscismonkeys.34.Whichofthefollowingmaybethewriter’sattitudetowardsprimateecotourism?A.Concerns. B.Confidence. C.Disapproval. D.Disinterest.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.PrimateEcotourism:abetterunderstandingofprimatesB.PrimateEcotourism:gettingclosetotheprimatesC.PrimateEcotourism:theconservationofprimatesD.PrimateEcotourism:anegativeeffectonprimatebehavior第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Mostpeoplebelievethatpencilsaremadefromlead,butthisisn’tquitetrue.They’reactuallymadeofamineralcalledgraphite(石墨).___36___DuringthelateMiddleAges,inavillagecalledBorrowdale,inEngland,agroupoflocalssawafewuprootedtrees.___37___Oneofthemhadtheideathatthisdarksubstancecouldbeusedtomarksheepsoownerscouldrecordandtrackthem.Thisdiscoverybythosecuriouslocalspavedthewayforthemodernpencils.Youmaywonderwhysolidgraphitecanleaveitscolorbehind.___38___Graphiteismadeofcarbonlayers.Whenweuseitasapencil,thecarbonfromthepencilrubsoffandgetsdeposited(沉淀)ontothefibersofthepaper.Thesedepositedpiecessticktothefibersofthepaperandfirmlyremainthere.___39___Youcouldstainyourclothesandmakeyourhandsdirty.Later,peoplecameupwithsomeideas.Forexample,inthelateeighteenthcentury,anofficerinNapoleon’sarmydesignedthewoodenpencilsweseetoday.Heroastedamixtureofwater,clayandgraphiteatabout1,900°F.Afterthismixturecooleddown,heputitwithinalongwoodencovering.Thisishowthewoodenpencilcameintobeing.Whenyouwanttoremoveyourwriting,youneedtoturntoaneraser.Thefunctioningofaneraserisbasedonamonprinciple.Erasinghappensbecauseofthefrictionthatdevelopsbetweentheerasermaterialandthepaper.Whenyourubaneraseronthepaper,theresultingfrictioncanproduceheat,whichhelpstheeraserbeesticky,stickierthanthepaper.___40___A.Overtheyears,graphite’suseshavechangedalot.B.Dealingwithgraphitedirectlycancauseagreatmess.C.Thisfeatureisduetothephysicalqualityofgraphite.D.Whenthequantityofclayisincreased,thepencilbeesharder.E.Afterfurtherinvestigation,theyfoundstrangedarkmatterunderneath.F.Therefore,itattractsthegraphitesubstancesfromthepencilontoitself.G.Thestoryofthediscoveryofgraphiteforuseasapencilisquiteinteresting.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GameilWilliamAllenisateacherinGlenmuirHigh.Sheoftentriesto___41___herstudentsbytellingherownstorytothemintheclassroom.Beingawareofthe___42___thatsomestudentsmightbefeeling___43___afternotscoringthegoodresultstheyhopedfor,WilliamsAllendecidedtoshareherstoryoffourtime___44___,sotheycanmakeanotherattempt.“IattendedVereTechnicalHighatthetimeandwhenIjust___45___thesubjectsthatIliked,Iremembermyteachertellingme,‘Girl,youaregoingtobe___46___notdoingmathsandEnglishinschool,’”sherecalled.Reality___47___WilliamsAllenWhensheappliedtoacollegeandwastoldsheneededapassinmathsandEnglishtobe___48___.So,forfouryears,sheattendedeveningclasses,sittingandresittingthetwoexamsbutshefailedinthefour___49___.“Onthefifthgo,Imadeupmymind___50___IrealizedthatifIdidn’tpassmathsandEnglish,Iwouldnotbeableto___51___mydream,”sheshared.“SoIputinevenmore___52___,andstudyharder.”___53___,shepassedtheexamsandwenttocollege.Shealwaysencouragesherstudentsbytellingherownstory.“Ijustwanteverystudenttobe___54___andknowthatasteachers,wedomakemistakesandwedofail.Sonomatterhowlowyouare,youcan___55___justlikeme.”41.A.motivate B.inform C.define D.reflect42.A.academy B.difference C.reality D.principle43.A.accessible B.astonished C.puzzled D.disappointed44.A.ceremonies B.failures C.dangers D.adventures45.A.mastered B.designed C.chose D.pleted46.A.regretful B.pleased C.forgetful D.grateful47.A.confused B.struck C.changed D.assisted48.A.identified B.rejected C.rewarded D.accepted49.A.experiments B.issues C.attempts D.courses50.A.because B.until C.unless D.though51.A.obtain B.achieve C.highlight D.admit52.A.effort B.love C.support D.chance53.A.Naturally B.Eagerly C.Gradually D.Eventually54.A.friendly B.sincere C.honest D.confident55.A.hangback B.buildup C.getaway D.holdup第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。SilkwasinventedinChinain3000BC.ItwaswellintegratedintotheChineseeconomyduringtheHanDynasty,___56___plainsilksandproductsofpeasanthouseholdswereusedasthemainformoftaxpaidtothegovernment.Fancysilkclotheswerewornbythewealthy___57___symbolsofstatusfromtheHanDynastyon.Womenplayed___58___majorroleintheproductionofthisvitalproduct.Inmanyhouseholds,thelaborioustaskofraisingthesilkworms(蠶)originally___59___(restrict)towomen.Producingsilkisa___60___(relative)lengthyprocessanddemandsconstantcloseattention.Thewormsneedacertaindegreeof___61___(warm)tosurvive.Sometimesthetinyeggsweresewnintolittlecottonbagsandwornbeneaththeclothes.Whenhatched(孵出),theymightbeplacedinshallowbasketsoronshelvesinthehouse___62___fedfreshmulberryleavesnightandday.Whentheybecamecocoons(繭),dippingthemintohotwatertoloosenthetightlywovenfilaments(細(xì)絲)andthen___63___(wind)thesefilamentsontoaspool(線軸)___64___(produce)thesilkthreadswovenintoclothwerealso____65____(woman)work.Today,silkfactoriesstillmainlyemploywomenforthesetasks.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)66.假設(shè)你是李華，你校英國(guó)交換Michael請(qǐng)你給他推薦一名羽毛球搭檔。請(qǐng)你給他回一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：(1)寫郵件的目的；(2)介紹所推薦的羽毛球搭檔；(3)約定雙方見面的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。注意：(1)寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；(2)可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearMichael,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________