2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省梅州市高三年級(jí)4月總復(fù)習(xí)質(zhì)檢（二模）英語試題(解析版)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE3廣東省梅州市2023-2024學(xué)年高三年級(jí)4月總復(fù)習(xí)質(zhì)檢（二模）英語試題第一部分聽力第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFreeCommunitySwapContact:CatherineCrawford,(718)809-1603ccrawford@JonKlar,(646)530-0381jklar@NewYorkerslookingtoreduce,reuse,andsavemoneythisyearareinvitedtoparticipateinStop‘N’Swap,afreecommunityeventorganizedbylocalnonprofitGrowNYC.TheaverageNYChouseholdthrowsawayabout2,000poundsofwasteayear.ByreusingthrougheventslikeStop‘N’Swap,NYCresidentscantakepartinsavingover40millionpoundsofmaterialfromlandfilleveryyear.Takeabreakfromshopping,supportacleanerfuture,andjointheever-growingreusecommunity!WHAT:FreeStop‘N’SwapCommunityReuseEventWHEN:February19th，12pm-3pmWHERE:BronxWorksClassicCommunityCenter-286East156thStreet,Bronx,NY10451Thepublicisinvitedtobringcleanandreusableitems.Nooneisrequiredtobringsomethingtotakesomething-youcansimplyshowupwithabagandseewhat’sfreeforthetaking.Books,toys,clothing,andelectronicsarejustsomeoftheofferings.Furnitureandotherlargeitemsarenotacceptedattheswap.Anythingleftoverattheendofthedayisdonatedorrecycled.Stop‘N’SwapshavedevelopedaregularfollowingamongenvironmentallyconsciousNewYorkers.Afteralmosttwoyearswithoutswaps,GrowNYChassetagoalofhostingoneswapineachofthecity’s59communitydistrictseachyear,providingopportunitiestomakeNYCtrulylivable-aplacewhereeverypersoncanenjoyahealthierlife.1.WhatshouldyoudotogetmoreinformationfromCatherine?A.Cal1(646)530-0381. B.Cal1(718)809-1603.C.Emailjklar@. D.Visit286East156thStreet,Bronx.2.WhatitemsareunacceptableattheStop‘N’Swap?A.Dry-as-dustbooks. B.Old-fashionedclothes.C.Out-of-dateelectronics. D.Second-handfurniture.3.WhatistheaimofGrowNYC’sStop‘N’Swap?A.TomakeNYCabetterplacetolive.B.ToenrichNewYorkers’communitylife.C.ToreducethecostofdealingwithwasteinNYC.D.Toencouragedistrictstocompeteinsustainability.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了GrowNYC組織的免費(fèi)社區(qū)交換活動(dòng)?！即鸢浮?.B2.D3.A【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Contact:部分中“CatherineCrawford,(718)809-1603”可知，應(yīng)該撥打(718)809-1603才能從凱瑟琳那里得到更多的信息。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中“Furnitureandotherlargeitemsarenotacceptedattheswap.(家具和其他大件物品不接受交換。)”可知，家具和其他大件物品在交換中是不可接受的。故選D。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“Afteralmosttwoyearswithoutswaps,GrowNYChassetagoalofhostingoneswapineachofthecity’s59communitydistrictseachyear,providingopportunitiestomakeNYCtrulylivable-aplacewhereeverypersoncanenjoyahealthierlife.(在近兩年沒有交換之后，GrowNYC設(shè)定了一個(gè)目標(biāo)，即每年在紐約市的59個(gè)社區(qū)中每個(gè)社區(qū)舉辦一次交換，為紐約市真正的宜居提供機(jī)會(huì)——一個(gè)每個(gè)人都能享受更健康生活的地方。)”可知，活動(dòng)的目的是讓紐約成為更適合居住的地方。故選A。BAtfirstlook,theplaygroundattheChildren’sGuild-TransformationAcademyinBaltimore,Maryland,lookslikeanyother.Ithasswings,slides,andplacesforchildrentoclimbandcrawl.Buttheplaygroundisnotjustaplaceforfun.Itisalsoaplacewherestudentscanlearn,growandgainindependence.Everything—fromthekindofsurfaceitsitson,tothecolorofitssittingareas,totheplacementofthesurroundingfence—isspecificallydesignedforkidswithautism(自閉癥).MarkRapaportisthemanagingdirectorofautismservicesattheTransformationAcademy.Hesaidtheschoolacceptsstudentsaged5to21withautismspectrumdisorder(ASD)andarelower-functioning.RapaportsaidthegoalofTransformationAcademyistomakethestudentsasindependentaspossibleinanefforttohelpthemprepareforadultlife.Theschoolaimstoprovidehelpwithdevelopingcommunicationandsocialskills,aswellaspracticalabilitieslikecleaningorcooking.TheplaygrounddesignedbyMarylandcompanySparks@Play,usingstructuresmanufacturedbyLandscapeStructures,Inc.tookamonthtodevelop,saidDanHack.HeworksforSparks@Playandhelpedleadtheplayground’sdesign.Hacksaidheandothersspentweeksgettingtoknowthestudentsandunderstandingtheirneedsbeforeanybuildingwasstarted.Thedesignprocessinvolvedphysicaltherapists,occupationaltherapists,andotherspecialists.Thehuge$500,000projectwasfundedwithsupportfromthestateofMarylandandthenonprofitOrokawaFoundation.Partsoftheplaygroundthatseemsmallareveryimportantforchildrenwithautismandotherdisabilities.Thesurroundingfenceextendsintoawoodedareatomakeitseemmoreopen.Andthegroundundertheplayareasismadeofsoft,butsolidmaterialstosupportstudentsusingwheelchairsorcrutches.Thebenchesontheoutsideoftheplaygroundlooksimplefromfaraway,butare“oneofourmostinclusivesensory”elements,Hacksaid.Theyhavemanydifferentcolorsthatbringaboutfeelingsofcalmandcuriosity.Theyarealsomadewithsmoothmaterialthatcanbefeltandmoved.Theacademy’sRapaportsaidifachildstartstofeeluneasy,theycansitdownandfeelthebench,whichcanhelpthemrelax.4.WhyistheplaygroundinBaltimoredesignedwithspecialmaterials?A.Tomakeitsuperiortootherplaygrounds. B.Tobetterservechildrenwithautism.C.Toimprovethequalityoftheplayground. D.Tomakeiteasierforkidstoclimbandcrawl.5.Whatcanwelearnfromtheplaygroundproject?A.Ittookamonthtocompletetheproject. B.Thedesignprocessissimpleandeasy.C.Theresultoftheprojectisuncertain. D.It’samoney-consumingproject.6.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thescaleandthestructureoftheplayground.B.Waysforkidstofreefromthestressandrelaxthemselves.C.Theunderlyinglogicandreasonablefactorsoftheplayground.D.Theadvantagesoftheplaygroundforautismanddisabledkids.7.WhichbestdescribestheplaygroundinBaltimore?A.Advanced. B.Environmental-friendly. C.Functional. D.Convenient.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了馬里蘭州巴爾的摩市專門為患有自閉癥和其他殘障的學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)了一家游樂場，旨在幫助他們學(xué)習(xí)、成長和獲得獨(dú)立性，使他們能夠更好地融入社會(huì)并提高生活質(zhì)量?！即鸢浮?.B5.D6.C7.C【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Everything—fromthekindofsurfaceitsitson,tothecolorofitssittingareas,totheplacementofthesurroundingfence—isspecificallydesignedforkidswithautism(自閉癥).(一切東西——從它提供的表面座位種類，到它的座位區(qū)域的顏色，到周圍圍欄的位置——都是專門為自閉癥兒童設(shè)計(jì)的)”和最后一段中“Andthegroundundertheplayareasismadeofsoft,butsolidmaterialstosupportstudentsusingwheelchairsorcrutches.(游樂區(qū)下面的地面是由柔軟但堅(jiān)固的材料制成的，以支持使用輪椅或拐杖的學(xué)生)”和“Theyarealsomadewithsmoothmaterialthatcanbefeltandmoved.Theacademy’sRapaportsaidifachildstartstofeeluneasy,theycansitdownandfeelthebench,whichcanhelpthemrelax.(它們也是用光滑的材料制成的，可以觸摸和移動(dòng)。該學(xué)院的Rapaport說，如果孩子開始感到不安，他們可以坐下來摸摸長凳，這可以幫助他們放松)”可知，巴爾的摩的游樂場要用特殊材料來設(shè)計(jì)是為了更好地服務(wù)自閉癥兒童。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Thehuge$500,000projectwasfundedwithsupportfromthestateofMarylandandthenonprofitOrokawaFoundation.(這個(gè)耗資50萬美元的龐大項(xiàng)目得到了馬里蘭州和非營利組織小川基金會(huì)的支持)”可知，這個(gè)操場項(xiàng)目耗資巨大。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Partsoftheplaygroundthatseemsmallareveryimportantforchildrenwithautismandotherdisabilities.Thesurroundingfenceextendsintoawoodedareatomakeitseemmoreopen.Andthegroundundertheplayareasismadeofsoft,butsolidmaterialstosupportstudentsusingwheelchairsorcrutches.Thebenchesontheoutsideoftheplaygroundlooksimplefromfaraway,butare‘oneofourmostinclusivesensory’elements,Hacksaid.Theyhavemanydifferentcolorsthatbringaboutfeelingsofcalmandcuriosity.Theyarealsomadewithsmoothmaterialthatcanbefeltandmoved.Theacademy’sRapaportsaidifachildstartstofeeluneasy,theycansitdownandfeelthebench,whichcanhelpthemrelax.(操場上看起來很小的部分對患有自閉癥和其他殘疾的孩子來說非常重要。周圍的柵欄延伸到一個(gè)樹木繁茂的區(qū)域，使它看起來更開放。游樂區(qū)下面的地面是由柔軟但堅(jiān)固的材料制成的，以支持使用輪椅或拐杖的學(xué)生。Hack說，操場外面的長椅從遠(yuǎn)處看很簡單，但卻是‘我們最具包容性的感官元素之一’。它們有許多不同的顏色，給人帶來平靜和好奇的感覺。它們也是用光滑的材料制成的，可以觸摸和移動(dòng)。該學(xué)院的拉帕波特說，如果孩子開始感到不安，他們可以坐下來摸摸長凳，這可以幫助他們放松)”可知，最后一段主要講的是游樂場的設(shè)計(jì)理念以及包含為自閉癥患者帶來舒適感覺的因素，即設(shè)計(jì)游樂場的潛在邏輯和合理因素。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Hacksaidheandothersspentweeksgettingtoknowthestudentsandunderstandingtheirneedsbeforeanybuildingwasstarted.Thedesignprocessinvolvedphysicaltherapists,occupationaltherapists,andotherspecialists.(Hack說，他和其他人花了幾個(gè)星期的時(shí)間來了解學(xué)生，了解他們的需求，然后才開始建造任何建筑。設(shè)計(jì)過程涉及物理治療師、職業(yè)治療師和其他專家)”以及最后一段中“Andthegroundundertheplayareasismadeofsoft,butsolidmaterialstosupportstudentsusingwheelchairsorcrutches.(游樂區(qū)下面的地面是由柔軟但堅(jiān)固的材料制成的，以支持使用輪椅或拐杖的學(xué)生)”和“Theyhavemanydifferentcolorsthatbringaboutfeelingsofcalmandcuriosity.Theyarealsomadewithsmoothmaterialthatcanbefeltandmoved.(它們有許多不同的顏色，給人帶來平靜和好奇的感覺。它們也是用光滑的材料制成的，可以觸摸和移動(dòng))”可知，巴爾的摩的操場在建造之前充分了解學(xué)生的需求，按照他們的需求而建，故它是有著實(shí)用功能的。故選C。CNewfindingssuggestthatwhenit-comestolearning,thesnakemaybequiteabitlikehumans.DavidHoltzman,ascientistattheUniversityofRochester,hasfoundthatsnakeshaveamuchgreatercapacityforlearningthanearlierstudieshadindicated.Holtzman’sstudychallenged24snakestoescapefromablackplasticcontainerthesizeofachild’spool.Cardsmountedonthecontainer’swallsandtapeonitsfloorprovidedthesnakeswithvisualandtouchablesignalstofindtheirgoal:holesinthecontainer’sbottomthatofferadark,comfortablespottohide.Simplyfallingintoaholeisn’ttheonlyproofthatthesnakesarelearningsomething,though.“Speedtofindthatgoalisoneofthemeasureswhichshowsthey’relearning,”Holtzmansays.“Onaverage,theytakeover700secondstofindthecorrectholeonthefirstdayoftraining,andthengodowntoabout400secondsbythefourthdayoftraining.Someareactuallyveryfastandfinditinlessthan30seconds.”Studiesdatingbacktothe1950sinterpretedsnakes’awkwardnesswithmazes(迷宮)asapoorreflectionontheirintelligence.“Earlyattemptstostudysnakeintelligencewereproblematicbecausethestudiesusedmazesastestingarenas(場地)-asthoughsnakesmightbeexpectedtorunthroughmazesinthesamewaymicerunthroughmazes,”saysPeterKareiva,aprofessorofzoology.“Snakesdonotencounteranythinglikemazesinnature,andtheydonotlearnhowtorunmazesinlaboratoryconditions.”Holtzmanalsofoundafewage-baseddifferencesinthesignalsthesnakesuse.Youngsnakesappeartobemoreadaptableandresourceful,usingavarietyofcluestofindtheirwaytotheexit.Buttheireldersseemtorelymuchmoreheavilyonvisualclues.“Actually,oneoftheamazingfindingsfromourstudiesisthatsnakesdousevisioninlocatingplaces,”saysHoltzman.“Theydon’tjustrelyonthechemicalcluespickedupbystickingtheirtonguesout,asmanysnakebiologistsassume.”8.Whatisthefunctionofthecardsandtape?A.Todirectthesnakestotheexits.B.Toprotectthesnakesfrombrightlights.C.Tocovertheholesatthecontainer’sbottom.D.Tomakethecontaineracomfortablespottostay.9.Whatdothedatainparagraph3showaboutthesnakesaccordingtoHoltzman?A.Theyareskillfulescapers. B.Theyaregoodlearners.C.Theycommunicatewitheachother. D.Theyadapttoenvironmentsquickly.10.Whatwastheproblemwithearlyattemptstostudysnakeintelligence?A.Theychosethewrongtestingarenas.B.Theyfailedtodotestsinlaboratoryconditions.C.Theyreferredtostudiesdatingbacktothe1950s.D.Theycomparedsnakeswithadifferentkindofanimal.11.WhatastonishesHoltzmanaboutsnakes?A.Theyrelyonsighttofindtheirway.B.Theyleavechemicalclueseverywhere.C.Theyoungbeattheireldersinmanyways.D.Theirtonguesareunabletorecognizechemicalclues.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家大衛(wèi)·霍爾茲曼發(fā)現(xiàn)，蛇的學(xué)習(xí)能力比之前的研究表明的要大得多?！即鸢浮?.A9.B10.A11.A【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Cardsmountedonthecontainer’swallsandtapeonitsfloorprovidedthesnakeswithvisualandtouchablesignalstofindtheirgoal:holesinthecontainer’sbottomthatofferadark,comfortablespottohide.(容器墻壁上的卡片和地板上的膠帶為蛇提供了視覺和可觸摸的信號(hào)，以找到它們的目標(biāo)：容器底部的洞，提供了一個(gè)黑暗、舒適的藏身之處)”可知，給蛇找到出口提供的指導(dǎo)性信息，這些東西可以指引蛇找到出口。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“‘Speedtofindthatgoalisoneofthemeasureswhichshowsthey’relearning,’Holtzmansays.‘Onaverage,theytakeover700secondstofindthecorrectholeonthefirstdayoftraining,andthengodowntoabout400secondsbythefourthdayoftraining.Someareactuallyveryfastandfinditinlessthan30seconds.’(‘找到目標(biāo)的速度是顯示它們正在學(xué)習(xí)的指標(biāo)之一，’霍爾茨曼說。‘在訓(xùn)練的第一天，它們平均需要700多秒才能找到正確的洞，然后在訓(xùn)練的第四天減少到400秒左右。有些甚至非常快，不到30秒就找到了’)”可知，第三段數(shù)據(jù)主要表明蛇是有學(xué)習(xí)能力的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Earlyattemptstostudysnakeintelligencewereproblematicbecausethestudiesusedmazesastestingarenas(場地)-asthoughsnakesmightbeexpectedtorunthroughmazesinthesamewaymicerunthroughmazes(早期研究蛇智力的嘗試是有問題的，因?yàn)檠芯坑妹詫m作為測試場所——好像蛇可能會(huì)像老鼠一樣穿過迷宮一樣)”可知，早期研究蛇的智力的嘗試是選擇的測驗(yàn)場地不對。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“‘Actually,oneoftheamazingfindingsfromourstudiesisthatsnakesdousevisioninlocatingplaces,’saysHoltzman.‘Theydon’tjustrelyonthechemicalcluespickedupbystickingtheirtonguesout,asmanysnakebiologistsassume.’(‘實(shí)際上，我們研究的一個(gè)驚人發(fā)現(xiàn)是，蛇確實(shí)利用視覺來定位位置，’霍爾茨曼說。‘它們不像許多蛇生物學(xué)家認(rèn)為的那樣，僅僅依靠伸出舌頭獲取的化學(xué)線索’)”可知，令霍爾茨曼感到驚訝的是蛇是靠視覺確定位置的。故選A項(xiàng)。DResearchledbyecologistBartHoekstraoftheUniversityofAmsterdamshowsthatbirdsareaffectedbythemassuseoffireworksonNewYear’sEveuptoadistanceof10km(6miles)away.Withdatafromweatherradarsandbirdcountsaninternationalteamofresearchersrevealedhowmanybirdstakeoffimmediatelyafterthestartofthefireworks,atwhatdistancefromfireworksthisoccursandwhichspeciesgroupsmainlyreact.“Birdstakeoffasaresultofanacuteflightresponseduetosuddennoiseandlight.Wealreadyknewthatmanywaterbirdsreactstrongly,butnowwealsoseetheeffectonotherbirdsthroughouttheNetherlands,”saysecologistBartHoekstraoftheUniversityofAmsterdam.InthescientificjournalFrontiersinEcologyandtheEnvironment,theresearchersthereforeargueforlargefireworks-freezones.Lastyear,otherresearchersatIBEDdiscoveredthatgeesearesoaffectedbyfireworksthattheyspendanaverageof10%longerlookingforfoodthannormalduringatleastthenext11days.Theyapparentlyneedthattimetorestoretheirenergytotheirformercondition,afterfleeingfromthefireworks.Because62%ofallbirdsintheNetherlandslivewithinaradiusof2.5kmofinhabitedareas,theconsequencesoffireworksarehighforallbirdsthroughoutthecountry.“Flyingrequiresalotofenergy,soideallybirdsshouldbedisturbedaslittleaspossibleduringthecoldwintermonths.Measurestoensurethisareespeciallyimportantinopenareassuchasgrasslands,wheremanylargerbirdsspendthewinter.Theeffectsoffireworksonbirdsarelesspronouncednearforestsandsemi-openhabitats.Inaddition,smallerbirdssuchastitsandfincheslivethere,whicharelesslikelytoflyawayfromdisturbance.”Theauthorsargueforfireworks-freezonesinareaswherelargebirdslive.Hoekstra:“Thesebufferzonescouldbesmallerinareaswherelightandsoundtravellessfar,suchasnearforests.Furthermore,fireworksshouldmainlybelitatcentrallocationsinbuilt-upareas,asfarawayfrombirdsaspossible.Itwouldbebestforbirdsifwemovedtowardslightshowswithoutsound,suchasdroneshowsordecorativefireworkswithoutveryloudbangs.”12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearch?A.It’sthefirstoneaboutfireworks’effectsonbirds.B.It’sconductedbycollectingdatafromweatherradars.C.Itshowstheextentofthefireworks’influenceonbirds.D.ItkeepstrackofbirdsthroughoutNetherlandsandbeyond.13.Whydidgeesespendmoretimelookingforfood?A.Tomakeupforthelostenergy. B.Tostoremorefoodincase.C.Tofindanewsourceofenergy. D.Tofindaplacewithoutfireworks.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pronounced”inPara.4mean?A.Predictable. B.Noticeable.C.Admirable. D.Avoidable.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Panicintheair B.Fireworks-freezonesC.Fireworksintheworld D.Birdsthroughoutthecountry【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了煙花對鳥類的影響?！即鸢浮?2.C13.A14.B15.A【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ResearchledbyecologistBartHoekstraoftheUniversityofAmsterdamshowsthatbirdsareaffectedbythemassuseoffireworksonNewYear’sEveuptoadistanceof10km(6miles)away.(阿姆斯特丹大學(xué)的生態(tài)學(xué)家巴特·胡克斯特拉領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究表明，除夕夜大量燃放煙花爆竹會(huì)影響到10公里（6英里）外的鳥類。)”可知，這項(xiàng)研究告訴讀者燃放煙花對鳥類的影響程度。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Lastyear,otherresearchersatIBEDdiscoveredthatgeesearesoaffectedbyfireworksthattheyspendanaverageof10%longerlookingforfoodthannormalduringatleastthenext11days.Theyapparentlyneedthattimetorestoretheirenergytotheirformercondition,afterfleeingfromthefireworks.(去年，IBED的其他研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，鵝受到煙花的影響很大，至少在接下來的11天里，它們尋找食物的時(shí)間平均比正常情況長10%。在逃離煙火之后，他們顯然需要時(shí)間將精力恢復(fù)到以前的狀態(tài)。)”可知，在逃離煙花之后，它們需要這段時(shí)間來補(bǔ)充失去的精力，以恢復(fù)到以前的狀態(tài)。故選A。【14題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Because62%ofallbirdsintheNetherlandslivewithinaradiusof2.5kmofinhabitedareas,theconsequencesoffireworksarehighforallbirdsthroughoutthecountry.(由于荷蘭62%的鳥類生活在居民區(qū)半徑2.5公里的范圍內(nèi)，因此煙花對全國所有鳥類的影響都很大。)”和劃線詞后“nearforestsandsemi-openhabitats(在森林和半開放的棲息地附近)”可知，煙花對離居民區(qū)近的鳥類影響很大，在森林和半開放的棲息地附近，煙花對鳥類的影響不那么明顯。所以劃線詞的含義為“顯著的、明顯的”A.Predictable可預(yù)測的；B.Noticeable顯著的；C.Admirable令人欽佩的；D.Avoidable可避免的。故選B。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“ResearchledbyecologistBartHoekstraoftheUniversityofAmsterdamshowsthatbirdsareaffectedbythemassuseoffireworksonNewYear’sEveuptoadistanceof10km(6miles)away.(阿姆斯特丹大學(xué)的生態(tài)學(xué)家巴特·胡克斯特拉領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究表明，除夕夜大量燃放煙花爆竹會(huì)影響到10公里（6英里）外的鳥類)”可知，文章主要介紹了煙花對鳥類的影響。A選項(xiàng)中intheair暗指鳥類，panic指煙花帶來的影響，故選項(xiàng)A“Panicintheair(空氣中彌漫著恐慌)”為最佳〖答案〗。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分。滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。PublicSpeakingItcanbestressfultodeliveraspeechinfrontofpeople.Whatdoyousay?Howdoyoucatchpeople’sattention?Whatdoyoudoifyoumessup?____16____Youcanusethefollowingbasicsabouttheartofpublicspeakingtohelpyouovercomethesechallengesandbeagoodspeaker.PointeverythingbacktothecentralideaBeforeyoubeginyourspeech,figureoutyourcoremessage.____17____Itmakesiteasiertodecidewhattosayandithelpsyoumakeeveryotherdecision,fromthestructuretothespecificstoriesandconcreteimagesthatyouinclude.____18____Tomakeyourpresentationmemorable,youcantryusing“stickystories”inyourspeeches—honest,vividanecdotes(逸聞)withdetailsthatengagethesensesofsight,sound,smell,tasteandtouch.Peoplerememberstoriesandimages.PracticeinfrontofpeoplePracticingyourspeechcaneasefeelingsofnervousnessandhelpyouadjustyourpresentation.Askafriendorafamilymembertolistentoyouasyoupractice.Youcanalsotakeavoicememowithyourphoneandplayitbacktoyourself.____19____SlowdownandstartagainIfsomethingunexpectedhappensinthemoment—sayyoustumble(結(jié)巴)orloseyourplace—pauseorslowdown.Takeadeepbreathandgobacktothebeginningofasentenceorrestatethewordyoustumbledon.Anddon’tworry,peopledon’tnoticethosepausesasmuchasyouthinktheydo.____20____Thepointistosetyourselfupforsuccess,notperfection.A.Usevividimageryandstorytelling.B.Theseproblemswilldriveyoumad.C.Avoidbigwordsandlongsentences.D.Evenifsomeonedoesnotice,that’sOK,too.E.Thenmakesurealltheideasinyourspeechpointbacktoit.F.There’salsoachancetopracticeshortspeechesonimportanttopics.G.Bydoingso,youcangetsupportivefeedbacktoimproveyourspeech.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了關(guān)于公共演講藝術(shù)的基本知識(shí)來幫助讀者克服演講的困難，成為一名優(yōu)秀的演講者?！即鸢浮?6.B17.E18.A19.G20.D【16題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Itcanbestressfultodeliveraspeechinfrontofpeople.Whatdoyousay?Howdoyoucatchpeople’sattention?Whatdoyoudoifyoumessup?(在眾人面前發(fā)表演講是很有壓力的。說什么呢？如何吸引人們的注意力？如果搞砸了怎么辦？)”可知，此處是指前文中提到的這些問題讓人苦惱，所以選項(xiàng)B“Theseproblemswilldriveyoumad.(這些問題會(huì)讓你發(fā)瘋的。)”切合文意，Theseproblems指代上文列舉的問題。故選B?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Pointeverythingbacktothecentralidea(把所有的東西都指向中心思想)”和前文“Beforeyoubeginyourspeech,figureoutyourcoremessage.(在你開始演講之前，弄清楚你的核心信息。)”可知，在開始演講之前，弄清楚演講的核心信息，演講中的所有內(nèi)容都要指向中心思想；E選項(xiàng)“Thenmakesurealltheideasinyourspeechpointbacktoit.(然后確保你演講中所有的觀點(diǎn)都指向它。)”承接上文，指出讓演講中的所有觀點(diǎn)都指向演講的核心，符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的“it”指代前文中提到的“coremessage”。故選E?！?8題詳析】設(shè)空處為小標(biāo)題；根據(jù)后文“Tomakeyourpresentationmemorable,youcantryusing“stickystories”inyourspeeches—honest,vividanecdotes(逸聞)withdetailsthatengagethesensesofsight,sound,smell,tasteandtouch.Peoplerememberstoriesandimages.(為了讓你的演講令人難忘，你可以嘗試在你的演講中使用“粘性敘事”——誠實(shí)、生動(dòng)的軼事和細(xì)節(jié)，吸引視覺、聽覺、嗅覺、味覺和觸覺。人們會(huì)記住故事和圖像。)”可知，本段主要闡述要在演講中使用生動(dòng)的故事和圖像敘述；所以選項(xiàng)A“Usevividimageryandstorytelling.(使用生動(dòng)的故事和圖像敘述。)”能夠概括本段主旨，適合作為小標(biāo)題。故選A。【19題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Askafriendorafamilymembertolistentoyouasyoupractice.Youcanalsotakeavoicememowithyourphoneandplayitbacktoyourself.(讓朋友或家人在你練習(xí)的時(shí)候聽你說。你也可以用手機(jī)錄一份語音備忘錄，然后回放給自己聽。)”可知，此處是指照前文這樣做可以得到好的反饋，以此完善自己的演講技巧，所以選項(xiàng)G“Bydoingso,youcangetsupportivefeedbacktoimproveyourspeech.(通過這樣做，你可以得到支持性的反饋來改善你的演講。)”切合文意。故選G?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Anddon’tworry,peopledon’tnoticethosepausesasmuchasyouthinktheydo.(別擔(dān)心，人們并沒有像你想象的那樣注意到這些停頓。)”和后文“Thepointistosetyourselfupforsuccess,notperfection.(關(guān)鍵是要為成功做好準(zhǔn)備，而不是追求完美。)”可知，此處是指即使有人注意到了你的停頓也沒關(guān)系，所以選項(xiàng)D“Evenifsomeonedoesnotice,that’sOK,too.(即使有人注意到了，也沒關(guān)系。)”切合文意。故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Twentyyearsago,Iwasmonthsintomyfirstjobatastart-upindependentpublishingcompanyinNewYork.Oneafternoon,I____21____atrainwithaloadofhot-off-the-presscatalogues(目錄薄)ourfirsttolisteveryoneofourtitles.Iwasonmywayto____22____myaunt,who’dagreedto____23____themtoherfriends.Backthen,Iwasmuchless___24___;somehowImadeitonthetrainbutIhadn’thadtimetobuya___25___.IfiguredI’dbuyoneonboard.Whentheconductorcametostandnexttome,Iopenedmy___26___andfoundnothinginside.Theydidn’t____27____creditcardsbackthen.Iwastoldtogetoffatthenextstation.____28____,themannexttomehanded$15totheconductor.Iwasbeyondgratefuland____29____;IpromisedhimIwouldsendhimacheck,whichhe____30____.Imadehimwritedownhisaddress,though.Later,Iwroteacheck,____31____itinaletter,andsentitoff.Iexpressedmy____32____againandincludedmyemailaddress.Soonheemailedmeandwe____33____alastingfriendship.That____34____actionhasstayedwithme.Thinkingaboutthatday,I____35____myselftobemuchkindertostrangersandtofocusonthegoodinpeople.21.A.cameacross B.rushedonto C.passedby D.lookedfor22.A.visit B.help C.rescue D.introduce23.A.return B.explain C.connect D.distribute24.A.determined B.objective C.organized D.professional25.A.ticket B.card C.gift D.book26.A.parcel B.wallet C.envelope D.bottle27.A.cancel B.reject C.provide D.accept28.A.Naturally B.Unexpectedly C.Doubtfully D.Disagreeably29.A.embarrassed B.disturbed C.annoyed D.dissatisfied30.A.gaveaway B.checkedout C.laughedoff D.sentback31.A.lost B.unfolded C.noticed D.enclosed32.A.appreciation B.admiration C.amazement D.approval33.A.destroyed B.inspired C.formed D.reported34.A.romantic B.generous C.emergent D.symbolic35.A.force B.allow C.warn D.remind【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者坐火車時(shí)身上沒帶現(xiàn)金，對方也不接受信用卡支付，這時(shí)一位好心的陌生人為作者付了錢，事后作者歸還了錢，兩人也成為了朋友的故事?！即鸢浮?1.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.B27.D28.B29.A30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：一天下午，我?guī)е淮蠖焉形闯霭娴哪夸浬狭嘶疖嚒@是我們第一次列出我們的每一本書。A.cameacross偶遇；B.rushedonto沖到；C.passedby路過；D.lookedfor尋找。根據(jù)后文“atrainwithaloadofhot-off-the-presscatalogue”指作者帶著目錄上了火車。故選B。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我正要去拜訪姑媽，她同意把它們分發(fā)給她的朋友們。A.visit拜訪，參觀；B.help幫助；C.rescue救援；D.introduce介紹。根據(jù)后文“myaunt”可知，作者拿著目錄去拜訪姑媽。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我正要去拜訪姑媽，她同意把它們分發(fā)給她的朋友們。A.return返回；B.explain解釋；C.connect連接；D.distribute分配。后文“themtoherfriends”中them指代上文提到的目錄，即把目錄分發(fā)給朋友。故選D。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)候，我沒有那么有條理；我設(shè)法趕上了火車，但我沒有時(shí)間買票。A.determined堅(jiān)定的；B.objective客觀的；C.organized有組織的；D.professional專業(yè)的。根據(jù)后文“somehowImadeitonthetrainbutIhadn’thadtimetobuya”可知，作者趕上了火車，但沒時(shí)間買票，說明事先沒有規(guī)劃好，故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)候，我沒有那么有條理；我設(shè)法趕上了火車，但我沒有時(shí)間買票。A.ticket車票；B.card卡片；C.gift禮物；D.book書。根據(jù)后文“IfiguredI’dbuyoneonboard.(我想我可以在火車上買一張)”可知，作者沒時(shí)間買車票，故選A。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)售票員站在我旁邊時(shí)，我打開錢包，里面什么也沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)。A.parcel包裹；B.wallet錢包；C.envelope信封；D.bottle瓶子。根據(jù)上文“Whentheconductorcametostandnexttome,Iopened”可知，作者要買車票，所以打開了錢包。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)候他們不接受信用卡。A.cancel取消；B.reject拒絕；C.provide提供；D.accept接受。根據(jù)后文“creditcardsbackthen”指不接受信用卡付款。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，我旁邊的人遞給售票員15美元。A.Naturally自然地；B.Unexpectedly意外地；C.Doubtfully懷疑地；D.Disagreeably不愉快地。根據(jù)后文“themannexttomehanded$15totheconductor.”可知，意外的是一個(gè)陌生人為作者買了車票。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我既感激又尷尬；我答應(yīng)給他寄支票，他卻一笑置之。A.embarrassed尷尬的；B.disturbed焦慮的；C.annoyed生氣的；D.dissatisfied不滿足的。結(jié)合上文可知作者沒帶錢買票，所以是感到尷尬。故選A?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我既感激又尷尬；我答應(yīng)給他寄支票，他卻一笑置之。A.gaveaway贈(zèng)送；B.checkedout結(jié)賬；C.laughedoff對……不予理會(huì)；D.sentback退回。根據(jù)后文“Imadehimwritedownhisaddress,though.(不過我讓他寫下了他的地址)”可知，作者要求對方寫下地址，說明對方并不在意作者是不是能還錢，即一笑置之。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我寫了一張支票，夾在信里寄出去了。A.lost丟失；B.unfolded展現(xiàn)；C.noticed注意到；D.enclosed隨信附上。根據(jù)上文“Iwroteacheck”指把支票附在信中寄出去了。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我再次表達(dá)了我的感謝，并附上了我的電子郵件地址。A.appreciation感激；B.admiration欽佩；C.amazement驚訝；D.approval贊成。根據(jù)上文“Iwasbeyondgrateful”指作者表達(dá)了感激。故選A。【33題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：很快他給我發(fā)了電子郵件，我們建立了持久的友誼。A.destroyed破壞；B.inspired鼓舞；C.formed形成；D.reported報(bào)告。根據(jù)后文“alastingfriendship”可知，兩人形成了長久的友誼。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我一直銘記著這次慷慨之舉。A.romantic浪漫的；B.generous慷慨的；C.emergent新興的；D.symbolic用作象征的。結(jié)合上文可知陌生人為作者付了車票錢，是慷慨之舉。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：想起那一天，我提醒自己要對陌生人友善一些，要關(guān)注人們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。A.force迫使；B.allow允許；C.warn警告；D.remind提醒。根據(jù)后文“myselftobemuchkindertostrangersandtofocusonthegoodinpeople”指作者從這次經(jīng)歷中開始提醒自己要對陌生人友善一些，要關(guān)注人們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheGuangdongLionDance,anationaltraditionpopularinFoshanandGuangzhou,isatypicalSouthernLionDance.Liondancing____36____(date)backthousandsofyears,totheTangDynasty,andalegendabouttheemperorhavingadream____37____alionsavedhislife.Andlaterit____38____(introduce)tothesouthbymigrantsfromthenorth.TheGuangdongLionDancedevelopedinto____39____(it)modernformduringtheMingDynasty(AD1368-1644).InChinesetradition,peopleregardthelionas____40____symbolofbravenessandstrength,whichcandriveawayevilandprotecthuman