高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題限時(shí)集訓(xùn)4 閱讀理解-推理判斷之推測(cè)隱含信息（含解析）-人教版高三英語(yǔ)試題

專題限時(shí)集訓(xùn)(四)閱讀理解—推理判斷之推測(cè)隱含信息A(2019·昆明市診斷測(cè)試)Theworldcanbeascaryplacewhenyou'reyoung.Itcanbeevenscarierwhenyou'reayounglittlebluepenguin(企鵝)，thetiniestofthepenguinspecies.Luckily，therearesomehumanswillingtohelp.TheysteppedintoprotectBilly，abluepenguinthatappearedonabeachinChristchurch，NewZealand.SpottedonNovember29attheslipwayatMoncksBay,nearSumner，inChristchurch，thelittlepenguinimmediatelyattractedasmallcrowd.JeffMeinSmithsawthecrowdwhilehewasbicyclingthatafternoon，andhebikedhometogethiscamera.Whenhereturnedtothescene，hefoundthatthepenguinhadreceivedalittlesign，onethatread“Hi，I'mwaitingformymumtocomeback.DOC(DepartmentofConservation)knowsI'mhere.Pleaseleavemealone.Keepyourdogaway.Thanks，Billythebabybluepenguin.”Billydidn'tmoveawayfromthesign.TheDOCarrivedlaterthatafternoontopickupBilly，thoughtheyweresurprisedtoseeitonthebeach.“It'sunusualforabluepenguintobeoutintheopenonthebeachduringtheday，”AnitaSpencer，aDOCseniorranger，toldStuff.BillywastakentotheChristchurchPenguinRehabilitationCenterafterbeingretrievedfromthebeach.Volunteersbelievethebirdmayactuallybeafemalepenguin，andisaround2monthsold.Thechickweighsamere550grams，lessthanastandardbasketball.Abluepenguinshouldweigharound900gramsatthisage.Mostlittlepenguinsgrowuptoweigh1kilogram.Thecenterwillhelpthelittlepenguingainsomeweightbyfeedingitfishjuice，beforeit'ssetfreeintotheocean.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要講述了一只小藍(lán)企鵝在人們的幫助下最終得救的故事。1．Whycantheworldbefrighteningtoayoungpenguin?A．Itisararespecies.B．Itfacespotentialdanger.C．Itissurroundedbythecrowd.D．Itisthreatenedbydogs.B[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容，尤其是Pleaseleavemealone.Keepyourdogaway可知，當(dāng)時(shí)有人在那只小藍(lán)企鵝旁邊豎立了一個(gè)牌子警示人們不要打擾它，不要讓狗靠近它。由此可推知，對(duì)于那只小藍(lán)企鵝來(lái)講，這個(gè)世界是可怕的，因?yàn)樗媾R著一些潛在的危險(xiǎn)。故B項(xiàng)正確。]2．ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatBilly．A．isafemalepenguinB．hasexpresseditsthanksC．weighslessforitsageD．preferslivingonthebeachC[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中第三、四句可知，這只小藍(lán)企鵝體重只有550克，而處于它這個(gè)年齡的小藍(lán)企鵝的體重應(yīng)達(dá)到900克左右。由此可推知，這只小藍(lán)企鵝的體重低于它這個(gè)年齡的小藍(lán)企鵝的體重。故C項(xiàng)正確。]3．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“retrieved”inParagraph4?A．Ignored. B．Cured.C．Givenaway. D．Broughtback.D[考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知，這只小藍(lán)企鵝是從沙灘上被帶到克賴斯特徹奇的一個(gè)企鵝康復(fù)中心的。由此可推知，畫線詞與broughtback“帶回”意思相近。故D項(xiàng)正確。]4．WhatwillhappentoBillyinthecenter?A．ItwillbereportedtoStuff.B．Itwillbevisitedbythelocals.C．Itwillbetakengoodcareof.D．Itwillbefedwithfruitjuice.C[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，在這只小藍(lán)企鵝被放回海洋之前，康復(fù)中心會(huì)幫助它增加一些體重。由此可推知，在這個(gè)企鵝康復(fù)中心，這只小藍(lán)企鵝會(huì)得到很好的照顧。故C項(xiàng)正確。]B(2019·安徽省五校聯(lián)盟質(zhì)檢)Whileanentiremonthfreeofhomeworkortestsmaysoundtoogoodtobetrue，thatisexactlywhatthestudentsatSturenskolanSchoolinBoden，SwedenweretreatedtoinApril.What'smore，iftheresultsoftheexperimentproveencouraging，starting2019，themiddleschoolerswillneverhavetoworryaboutafter-schoolworkortests，asidefromthenationalexaminations，whicharecompulsiveforstudentsacrossthecountry.Theschool'sprincipal，PetronellaSirkka，whocameupwiththeidea，said，“Weareconstantlyreceivingnewreportsthatourchildrenfeelbad.Andthat'sbecausetheyhaveahighlevelofstressallthetime.Thisisourwayoftryingtoreducethatstress.”Theeducatorsaysthatwhilebanninghomeworkandtestssoundsradical(激進(jìn)的),itmakessensegiventhechangesinthecurriculumandapproachestoeducation.Whileinthepaststudentswereprimarilysubjectedtomemorizingfacts，learningtodayisallaboutreflectionandanalysis.Asaresult，itisoftenharderforkids,especiallythosewithlittlesupportathome,tocomprehendthematerialbythemselves.Sirkkaisnottheonlyonewhobelievesafter-schoolworkdoesnothelpstudentslearn.InMarch2018，anotherprincipalinCanadaalsodecidedtodoawaywithhomework.Theyhopeparentswillspendtheextratimereadingtotheirkids.Whilethelong-termimpactoftherecentdecisionsmadebythetwoeducatorsremainstobeseen，theexperimenthasalreadyprovedsuccessfulinFinlandwhichhasdoneawaywithhomework，grades，andeventeachingbysubjectsformanyyears.Yet，F(xiàn)innishstudentsalwaysrankhighinthePISA(ProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment)testsespeciallyinmathandsciencebuttheyhavetheleasthomework！Hopefully，itwillonlybeamatteroftimebeforeUSeducatorsfollowtheirleadandbanafter-schoolworkaswell!【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。瑞典一所學(xué)校在四月份取消了學(xué)生的家庭作業(yè)和考試，這是該校校長(zhǎng)PetronellaSirkka看到學(xué)生作業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)太重而提出的舉措，且芬蘭采取的類似做法已獲成功。5．ThestudentsatSturenskolanSchoolhadnohomeworkinAprilbecause．A．theheadmasterwasexperimentingwithherideaB．theyneededtodosomeexperimentsduringthemonthC．theywerebusypreparingforthenationalexaminationsD．theheadmasterhadtocarryoutthegovernment'spolicyA[考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的Theschool'sprincipal,PetronellaSirkka,whocameupwiththeidea，并結(jié)合第一段的內(nèi)容可知，Sturenskolan學(xué)校的學(xué)生們?cè)谒脑路輿]有家庭作業(yè)和考試是該校校長(zhǎng)提出的想法，故A項(xiàng)正確。]6．Whatmakeschildren'slearninghardnowadays?A．Childrenhavetodomoreanalyzing.B．Theapproachtoeducationiscomplex.C．Childrengetnosupportathomeandschool.D．Therearemanymorefactstomemorize.A[考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段第二、三句可知，在過去，學(xué)生主要是被要求記住事實(shí)，而如今學(xué)生需要的是反思和分析。因此，孩子們往往很難自己理解這些材料。據(jù)此可知，反思和分析讓孩子們的學(xué)習(xí)更加困難。故A項(xiàng)正確。]7．WhatdoesPetronellaSirkkamostlikelyadviseparentstodo?A．Helpchildrenwiththeirhomework.B．Freechildrenfromafter-schoolhousework.C．Spendmoretimereadingtotheirchildren.D．Communicatewithteachersfromtimetotime.C[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段尾句可推知，PetronellaSirkka很可能會(huì)建議父母花些時(shí)間為他們的孩子們閱讀，故C項(xiàng)正確。]8．WhatcanweinferaboutthestudentsinFinland?A．Theystudythehardestatschool.B．Theyhaveamorerelaxingschoollife.C．Theyenjoygreatsuccessaftergraduation.D．Theyallhaveatalentformathandscience.B[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)尾段第一句中的主句可知，多年來(lái)，芬蘭已經(jīng)取消了家庭作業(yè)、成績(jī)等級(jí)，甚至科目教學(xué)。據(jù)此可推知，芬蘭學(xué)生的學(xué)校生活更加輕松，故B項(xiàng)正確。]C(2019·湖南省六校聯(lián)考)Notonlydoestheuseofplasticwaterbottleshurtyourwallet，italsoincreasespollutionandwastesenergyandwater.Only23%ofallplasticinAmericaendsupinarecyclingbin,meaningover$1billionworthofplasticistreatedasrubbishayear.Recently,SkippingRocksLabhasinventedakindofwaterbottlecalledOoho.Itisaconvenient，clearwaterbottlethatcaneitherbedrunkoreaten.Todrinkit，youcaneitherpeeloffthemembrane(薄膜)ortearaholeinthemembranewithyourteethtopourthewaterintoyourmouth.Toeatit,yousimplyputthewholebottleinyourmouth.OneproblemthescientistshaverunintoishowtoshiplotsofOohobubbleswithoutarrivingwithaverywettruck.However,theyhaveattemptedtopackageunitsofindividualbubblestogetherinsidealargerandthickermembrane.Itistargetinglargeoutdooreventssuchasmarathons，musicfestivals，andsportingevents，wheretonsofplasticbottlesareused，andfrequentlyleftbehindaslitter.Andtoomuchplasticissuretodoharmtotheenvironment，whichcouldaccountfortheirpurposeofsuchanewinvention.TheteamhasbeenworkingforthepasttwoyearstodevelopthetechnologyandmaterialsneededtoproduceOoho；theyhaverecentlyappliedforapatentfortheirnewadvancement.Thepriceforanindividualbubbleoraunitofbubbleshasnotbeensetyet，buttheycostabouttwocentstocreateaunit，whichischeaperthanplasticbottles.IthasappearedateventsinLondon，SanFrancisco，Boston，atconferences，festivals，andsoon.Oohoiscatchingmanypeople'sattentionandhasraisedover$1millionandgained1，000investorsinonlythreedays.Itismostlybeingsoldateventsatthemomenttokeeptheconsumer'sinterestwhentheproductionmachineisrunning.Itisquicklymakingarise，sokeepaneyeoutthisyearforthesebottlesofthefuture.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。由于塑料瓶的使用不但浪費(fèi)金錢，還造成環(huán)境污染，SkippingRocksLab發(fā)明了一種可以食用的包裝材料Ooho。本文介紹了Ooho的食用方法，運(yùn)輸方法以及制作成本，并展望了其市場(chǎng)前景。9．HowismostplasticdealtwithinAmerica?A．It'ssold. B．It'srecycled.C．It'sburied. D．It'swasted.D[考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知，在美國(guó)只有23%的塑料最終回到回收站，這意味著價(jià)值超過10億美元的塑料被視為垃圾。據(jù)此可知，在美國(guó)，大部分塑料被當(dāng)成垃圾處理了，故D項(xiàng)正確。]10．Whydidtheteaminvent