2024年高考英語復(fù)習(xí)主題詞匯 人際關(guān)系與社會交往（二）

話題二十一人際關(guān)系與社會交往（二）

第一部分話題詞匯積累

單詞&短語

1.prejudicen.

2.frequentlyadv.

3.reputationn.___________________

4.acquaintancen.

5.frictionn.___________________

6.fascinatev.______________

7.forgetfuladj.

8.fencen.___________________

9.flexibleadj.___________________

lO.fundamentaladj.

11.furnishedadj.___________________

12.fueln.___________________

13.fragileadj.__________________

14.fragrantadj.

15.fulfillv.__________________

16.flamen.________

17.flashn._________________

18.fortnightn.

19.fostervt.___________________

20.framen.___________________

21.fossiln.___________________

22.fistn.___________________

23.folkadj.n---------

24.formatn._________

25.garagen.___________________

26.floatv.__________

27.v.流動(dòng);流淌；流暢

28.adj.冰冷的，結(jié)冰的，冷凍的

29.n.自由；擺脫，免除

30.v預(yù)見，預(yù)知，預(yù)料

31.adj.正式的；正規(guī)的；方式上的

32.adv.幸運(yùn)的，交好運(yùn)地

33.adj.令人難忘的；難以忘懷的

34.n.外國人；外來人

35.adj.流利的；通暢的

36.vi.逃走；迅速離開

37.v.創(chuàng)立；創(chuàng)辦；興建

38.n.功能，機(jī)能；v.起作用；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)

39.adv.而且，此外，再者

40.v.獲得，得益；（鐘）走快；增加

41.n.一代人（或產(chǎn)品）;產(chǎn)生

42.theformer...thelatter_______________________

43.勝任某職位_______________________

44.把注意力集中在________________________________

45.確定一個(gè)日期

46.Myadviceisasfollows_______________________

47.愚弄某人

48.喜歡_______________________

49.一般來說_______________________

50.get...across_______________________

51..禁止某人做某事_______________________

52.使某人獲得自由_______________________

53.迫使某人做某事_______________________

54.因.原諒某人_________________________

55.發(fā)財(cái)_______________________

56.取笑_______________________

57.一件家具_(dá)______________________

58.奧運(yùn)會

59.進(jìn)入，踏上

60.gatherone'sstrength________________________

詞匯拓展

1.flexiblea4j.能適應(yīng)新情況的；靈活的；可變動(dòng)的;柔韌的;可彎曲的

Hewantedtofindajobwithflexibleworkingtime.

他想求聘一份上班時(shí)間自由的工作。

Wewillcarryoutaflexibleforeignpolicy.我們將實(shí)行靈活的外交政策。

Iwantflexiblepeoplewhocanadapttonewsystemsandprocesses.

我需要可塑性強(qiáng)的人，能夠適應(yīng)新的制度、新的程序。

Herbodyisverybecausesheusedtobeaballetdancer.

她的身體非常靈活因?yàn)樗郧笆俏话爬傥璧秆輪T。

【聯(lián)想】flexiblyadv.靈活地；易曲地；柔軟地；有彈性地

flexibilityn.柔韌性；靈活性；彈性；適應(yīng)性

inflexibleadj.缺乏彈性的；僵化的；固守己見的；死板的；頑固的；不能彎曲的

inflexibilityn.剛（硬）性;不可壓縮性;不（彎）曲（性）;不彎

inflexiblyadv.不屈曲地，不屈地

2.generallyspeaking一般說來

generallyspeaking是在句中用作插入語的現(xiàn)在分詞短語，和ingeneral同義。

,AmericanEnglishisdifferentfromBritishEnglishinpronunciation,spelling,expressionsandgrammar.

一般說來，美式英語和英式英語在發(fā)音、拼寫、習(xí)慣表達(dá)和語法方面有所不同。

,newspapersfollowtheAmericanway,butconferencereportsandschoolbooksusetheBritishspelling.

一般來說，報(bào)紙采用美式英語的拼法，而會議報(bào)道和教科書則采用英式英語的拼法。

【聯(lián)想】常見現(xiàn)在分詞短語作插入語：generallyspeaking,strictlyspeakingjudgingfrom/by...,talkingof...,considering

等。

Consideringhisage,hedidverywell.從年齡考慮，他干得挺不錯(cuò)。

Judgingfromhislook,heisverysick.從他的樣子判斷，他病得很重。

活學(xué)活用

一、閱讀下列句子，在空白處填入1個(gè)單詞或用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

l.Bythistimeshewasinherninetiesandneededhelpmoreandmore.（frequent）,

2.1havetoldyouthatthisskirtwasnotfityou.You'vereallyacopycat.

3.Thisgivestheteamthesupportandthe（flexible）theyneedtoaccomplishrepeatableresults.

4.Hehadputthewholesituationinanutshell.Itmaybebrieflysummedupfollows.

5.Thestream（freeze）up;youcanseethefishtrappedintheice.

二、翻譯句子

1.Pricemomenttostimulate（刺激）thenerveofthepublic,richorpoor,forthelifeoftheformer,thelatterforinvestment.

2.AtornadoandwildfiresfueledbystrongwindshavecausedwidespreaddestructioninthesouthernUnitedStates.

3.我認(rèn)為在公共場所禁止吸煙是個(gè)好主意。（forbid）

4.我對體育感興趣，而我妹妹愛好音樂。（fond）

參考答案

1.偏見2.頻繁地3.名聲；聲譽(yù)4.熟人5.不和，摩擦力6.使著迷；迷住7.健忘的8.籬笆9.柔韌的；

易彎曲的10.基本（礎(chǔ)）的11.裝配好家具的12.燃料，燃燒劑13.易碎的；虛弱的14.香的；芬芳的

15.履行；實(shí)現(xiàn)16.火焰17.閃光燈；閃現(xiàn)物；閃現(xiàn)18.十四天；兩星期19.培養(yǎng)；促進(jìn)；領(lǐng)養(yǎng)20.框架；結(jié)構(gòu)21.化石;

老頑固22.拳頭23.adj.民間的n.親屬；人們24.設(shè)計(jì)，安排，樣式25.車庫；汽車修理行26.漂??；漂流27.flow

28.frozen29.freedom3O.fbresee31.formal32.fortunately33.unforgettable34.foreigner35.fluent36.flee37.found

38.functions9.furthermore40.gain41.generation42.前者后者43.befitfortheposition44.fix/focusone'sattention

on45.fixadatefor46.我的建議如下47.makeafoolofsb.48.befondof49.generallyspeaking50.（使）通過；（使）被理解

51.forbidsb.fromdoingsth./fbrbidsb.todosth.52.setsb.free53.forcesb.todosth./intodoingsth.54.forgivesb.for...

55.makeafortune56.makefunof57.apiece/anarticleoffurniture58.theOlympicGames59.setfootin/on60.盡全力

詞匯拓展

1.flexible

2.Generallyspeaking;Generallyspeaking

活學(xué)活用

一、1.frequently2.for3.flexibility4.as5.hasfrozen

二、1.物價(jià)時(shí)刻刺激著公眾的神經(jīng)，不論貧富，前者為生活，后者為投資。

2.美國南部遭龍卷風(fēng)和野火襲擊，強(qiáng)風(fēng)使得災(zāi)難更加嚴(yán)重，造成了大范圍的破壞.

3.1thinkitagoodideatoforbidsmokinginpublicplaces.

4.Pminterestedinsportswhilemysisterisfondofmusic.

第二部分話題閱讀訓(xùn)練

（A）閱讀理解

Mostofusarealreadyawareofthedirecteffectwehaveonourfriendsandfamily.Butwerarelyconsiderthat

everythingwethink,feel,do,orsaycanspreadfarbeyondthepeopleweknow.Conversely（相反地）,ourfriendsand

familyserveasconduits（渠道）forustobeinfluencedbyhundredsoreventhousandsofotherpeople.Inakindofsocial

chainreaction,wecanbedeeplyaffectedbyeventswedonotwitnessthathappentopeoplewedonotknow.Aspartofa

socialnetwork,wegobeyondourselves,forgoodorill,andbecomeapartofsomethingmuchlarger.

Ourconnectednesscarrieswithitfundamentalimplications（影口向）forthewayweunderstandthehumancondition.

Socialnetworkshavevaluepreciselybecausetheycanhelpustoachievewhatwecouldnotachieveonourown.Yet,

social-networkeffectsarenotalwayspositive.Depression,obesity,financialpanic,andviolencealsospread.Social

networks,itturnsout,tendtomagnify（放大）whatevertheyareseededwith.

Partlyforthisreason,socialnetworksarecreative.Andwhatthesenetworkscreatedoesnotbelongtoanyone

individual-itissharedbyallthoseinthenetwork.Inthisway,asocialnetworkislikeacommonlyownedforest:Weall

standtobenefitfromit,butwealsomustworktogethertoensureitremainshealthyandproductive.Whilesocialnetworks

arefundamentallyanddistinctivelyhuman,andcanbeseeneverywhere,theyshouldnotbetakenforgranted.

Ifyouarehappierorricherorhealthierthanothers,itmayhavealottodowithwhereyouhappentobeinthenetwork,

evenifyoucannotrecogniseyourownlocation.Anditmayhavealottodowiththeoverallstructureofthenetwork,even

ifyoucannotcontrolthatstructureatall.Andinsomecases,theprocessfeedsbacktothenetworkitself.Apersonwith

manyfriendsmaybecomerichandthenattractevenmorefriends.Thisrich-get-richerdynamicmeanssocialnetworkscan

dramaticallyreinforcetwodifferentkindsofinequalityinoursociety:situationalinequalityandpositionalinequality.

Lawmakershavenotyetconsideredtheconsequencesofpositionalinequality.Still,understandingthewayweare

connectedisanessentialstepincreatingamorejustsocietyandincarryingoutpublicpoliciesaffectingeverythingfrom

publichealthtotheeconomy.Wemightbebetteroffvaccinating（接種疫苗）centrallylocatedindividualsratherthanweak

individuals.Wemightbebetteroffhelpinginterconnectedgroupsofpeopletoavoidcriminalbehaviourratherthan

preventingorpunishingcrimesoneatatime.

Ifwewanttounderstandhowsocietyworks,weneedtofillinthemissinglinksbetweenindividuals.Weneedto

understandhowinterconnectionsandinteractionsbetweenpeoplegiverisetowhollynewaspectsofhumanexperiencethat

arenotpresentintheindividualsthemselves.Ifwedonotunderstandsocialnetworks,wecannothopetofullyunderstand

eitherourselvesortheworldweinhabit.

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Wecan'tbeeasilyaffectedbystrangers.

B.Weareconnectedandformasocialnetwork.

C.Wehavenegativeeffectsonothersocialmembers.

D.Wewillnotmakeadifferenceinaspecificgroup.

5.Whyisasocialnetworklikeacommonlyownedforest?

A.Itremainshealthyandproductive.

B.Ittendstomagnifynegativethings.

C.Itiscreativeandsharedbypeopleinthewholesociety.

D.Whatitcreatescanbeenjoyedbyeveryoneinthenetwork.

6.WecanlearnfromParagraph4that.

A.whetherwearericherdependsonthenumberoffriendswemake

B.thewealthwepossesshasnothingtodowithindividualcontinuousefforts

C.sometimesoursuccessmaybelargelyduetoourpositioninsocialnetworks

D.wewon'tsucceedunlesswefullycontroltheoverallstructureofthenetwork

7.Whafstheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Tointroducethecharacteristicsofsocialnetworks.

B.Tourgepeopletounderstandhowoursocietyworks.

C.Toshowthesignificanceofunderstandingsocialnetworks.

D.Toexplainthepossibleconsequencesofignoringsocialnetworks.

【答案】4.B5,D6.C7,C

【解析】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了人際關(guān)系和社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)的重要性。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一■段的內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一■句“Aspartofasocialnetwork,wegobeyondourselves,forgoodor

ill,andbecomeapartofsomethingmuchlarger.（作為社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的一部分，無論好壞，我們都超越了自己，成為更大

事物的一部分。）”可推知，人與人之間是相互聯(lián)系、相互影響的，形成了一個(gè)社會網(wǎng)絡(luò).故選B項(xiàng).

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句"Andwhatthesenetworkscreatedoesnotbelongtoanyoneindividual——itissharedby

allthoseinthenetwork.（這些網(wǎng)絡(luò)所創(chuàng)造的東西并不屬于任何一個(gè)個(gè)體,而是由網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的所有人共享的。）”中的shared

byall可知，這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)創(chuàng)造出來的產(chǎn)品并不屬于任何個(gè)人，是整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)里面的人所共享的。故選D項(xiàng)。

6.推理判斷題。由第四段第一句"Ifyouarehappierorricherorhealthierthanothers,itmayhavealottodowithwhere

youhappentobeinthenetwork,evenifyoucannotrecogniseyourownlocation.（如果你比另U人更快樂、更富有或更健

康，這可能與你在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中所處的位置有很大關(guān)系，即使你不能識別自己所處的位置。）”中的whereyouhappentobe

可知，你的成功與你所處的社交網(wǎng)有很大的關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)。

7.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是文章最后一句"Ifwedonotunderstandsocialnetworks,wecannothopetofully

understandeitherourselvesortheworldweinhabit.（如果我們不了解社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)，我們就無法完全了解我們自己或者我

們所居住的世界。）”可知，作者寫作本文主要是為了闡釋社會關(guān)系網(wǎng)的重要性。故選C項(xiàng)。

（B）完形填空

完形填空（每小題1分，共15分）（2021?山東高三二模）

OfthemanyinteractionsIhadwithmymotheryearsago,onestandsout.Irememberthe21whenmomsent

metothemainroad,abouttwentyyardsawayfromthefarmhouse,to22apassinggroupofseasonalwork-seekers

homefora23.1madeafireandwasthento24themealforthem.

Thethoughtofcookinginalargethree-leggedpotinthathighheatwassufficientto25me.Ididnotmanageto

26myfeelingsfrommymother,andaftertheservice,shecalledmetothebalcony（陽臺）,whereshe27satto

attendtohersewing.

Lookingstraightintomyeyes,shesaid,"'Johnson,whywereyou28whenIrequestedyoutoarrangeameal

forthose29people?”Despitemyattempttodenyher30,andusingtheheatofthefireasan31for

mybadbehavior,momsaid,"Afoothasnonose.^^Itmeans,66Youcan'tdetectwhat32maylieaheadofyou.^^

IfIhad33thegroupofpeopleameal,itmayhavehappenedthat,inmy34sometimeinthefuture,I

foundmyselfatthemercyofthoseveryindividuals.35thatwasnotenoughtoshameme,momcontinued,UA

personisapersonbecauseofanotherperson.^^

21.A.periodB.occasionC.storyD.quarrel

22.A.sendB.demandC.inviteD.guide

23.A.restB.chatC.nightD.meal

24.A.prepareB.begC.orderD.buy

25.A.satisfyB.attractC.pleaseD.upset

26.A.hideB.expressC.defendD.change

27.A.deliberatelyB.usuallyC.currentlyD.secretly

28.A.fearfulB.contentC.excitedD.unhappy

29.A.poorB.braveC.weakD.homeless

30.A.praiseB.suggestionC.chargeD.encouragement

31.A.opinionB.excuseC.argumentD.idea

32.A.fortuneB.disasterC.troubleD.deal

33.A.bookedB.packedC.offeredD.denied

34.A.travelsB.lessonsC.programsD.struggles

35.A.IfB.AsifC.EventhoughD.Before

【答案】21.B22.C23.D24,A25.D26.A27.B28.D29.A30,C31.B32.C33,D

34.A35.B

【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。幾年前，母親讓“我”邀請一群路過此地找工作的人到家吃飯.母親讓“我”認(rèn)識到：你

不知道未來的人生中會遇到什么麻煩，幫助他人就是幫助自己。

21.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我記得有一次，媽媽讓我到離農(nóng)舍大約二十碼遠(yuǎn)的大路上，邀請路過的一群季節(jié)性

的求職者回家吃飯。A.period時(shí)期；B.occasion時(shí)機(jī)，場合；C.story故事,事情；D.quarrel爭吵。根據(jù)語境，作

者講述自己的經(jīng)歷，occasion這里指“某次的時(shí)候“，故選B.

22.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我記得有一次，媽媽讓我到離農(nóng)舍大約二十碼遠(yuǎn)的大路上，邀請路過的一群季節(jié)性

的求職者回家吃飯。A.send發(fā)送，派遣；B.demand要求；C.invite邀請；D.guide。根據(jù)下文“I...wasthento

themealforthem.”,可知，此處是“邀請”一群路過此地找工作的人到家里.故選C。

23.考查名詞詞義辨析.句意：我記得有一次，媽媽讓我到離農(nóng)舍大約二十碼遠(yuǎn)的大路上，邀請路過的一群季節(jié)性

的求職者回家吃飯。A.rest休息；B.chat閑談；C.night夜晚；D.meal飯。邀請那些人到家里“吃飯"。下句中meal

一詞有復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D。

24.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我生了火，然后準(zhǔn)備給他們做飯。A.pr叩are準(zhǔn)備；B.beg懇求；C.order命令；D.buy

買.根據(jù)上文“Imadeafire”可知，“我”生了火，然后“準(zhǔn)備”做飯。故選A。

25.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析.句意：一想到在那么熱的三腿的大鍋里煮飯，我就心煩意亂。A.satis?令人滿意；B.attract

吸引；C.please討人喜歡；D.upset使心煩。根據(jù)下文媽媽對“我”的勸說可知，“我”此刻為陌生人做飯并不甘心而心

煩意亂。故選D。

26.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析.句意：我沒打算向我的母親隱瞞我的感受，收拾停當(dāng)后，她把我叫到陽臺上，她通常坐在

那里做針線活。A.hide隱瞞；B.express表達(dá)；C.defend保衛(wèi)；D.change改變。根據(jù)下文母親找“我”談話可判斷,“我"

沒能“掩蓋住”自己的情緒。故選A.

27.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒打算向我的母親隱瞞我的感受，收拾停當(dāng)后，她把我叫到陽臺上，她通常坐在

那里做針線活。A.deliberately故意地；B.usually通常，經(jīng)常；C.currently目前；D.secretly秘密地。根據(jù)語境，陽

臺是母親“經(jīng)?！笨p紉的地方。故選B。

28.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她直視著我的眼睛說：“Johnson,當(dāng)我要求你為那些可憐的人準(zhǔn)備一頓飯時(shí)，你

為什么不高興呢？