安徽省蕪湖市2023-2024學(xué)年高一年級(jí)下冊(cè)開(kāi)學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題

高一英語(yǔ)

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫(xiě)清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形

碼粘貼區(qū)。

2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě)，字體工整、

筆跡清晰。

3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效;在草稿

紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。

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5.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊、不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Atabusstop.B.Onabus.C.Onthestreet.

2.Whotypedtheposition?

A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Jack.

3.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Hecan'tsolvetheproblem.B.Hewasoncetroubledbytheproblem.

C.Hewastoobusytohelpsolvetheproblem.

4.Whatwilltheweatherbelike?

A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.

5.Whatwillthewomandobesidesdoingherhomeworktomorrow?

A.Hangout.B.Makeacall.C.Preparefbrherdanceclass.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Wherecanyouenjoyasituationedy?

A.Onchannel2.B.Onchannel4.C.Onchannel5.

7.HowisPittsburghPolicesupposedtobe?

A.Boring.B.Justsoso.C.Nice.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8Whatwasthecartoonabout?

A.Lions.B.Pandas.C.Tigers.

9.Whereisthewomangoing?

A.Abookstore.B.Themoviestore.C.Thecinema.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whenisrecyclewastecollected?

A.Monday.B.Wednesday.C.Thursday.

11.Howmanyrecyclingcontainersshouldthemanprepare?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.

12.Whatarethespeakersgoingtotalkabout?

A.Sortingoutwaste.B.Collectingyardwaste.C.Collectingkitchenwaste.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Strangers.B.Classmates.C.Coworkers.

14.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftravellingbyair?

A.Fastandfbrtable.B.fortablebutexpensive.C.Fastbutexpensive.

15.Whatistheannouncementabout?

A.Thewoman'sflightisputoff.B.Thewoman'sflightiscanceled.

C.Thewomancangetonherflight.

16.Whydoesthemanetotheairport?

A.Toseethewomanoff.B.Topickupthewoman.C.Totravelwiththewoman.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.WhatwasthecolorofmostcarsMr.Perkinssaw?

A.Green.B.Blue.C.Yellow.

18.WheredidMr.Perkinsparkhisnewcar?

A.Onalargesquare.B.Outsidehisworkplace.C.Inabigparkinglot.

19.Whycouldn'tMr.Perkinsrecognizehiscar?

A.Helosthiskey.B.Thecarslookedthesame.C.Thereweretoomanycars.

20.WhendidMr.Perkinsfinallyfindhiscar?

A.Atfive.B.Atsix.C.Atseven.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

ThreeBooksforAMoreHonestViewofParent

Nowadays,itseemstherearetwowaystowriteaboutparenthood.Iamheartilysickofboth.ThisyearFve

decidedtohugbooksthatareinspiringandhonest,yetdonotavoidthepleasuresofparenthood.

LifeAmongtheSavagesShirleyJacksonprice:$15

ShirleyJackson,authorofoneofthemostamazinglysinisternovelsofalltimeandoftheshortstoryThe

Lottery,alsowrotetwocharmingnovelsaboutraisingherfourchildreninanoldfarmhouseinruralVermont.In

LifeAmongtheSavages,Jackson'shumorisasthrillingasherhorror,andherchildrenseemnevertoinspireinher

anythingworsethanafondexasperation（惱怒）.

ABlindManCanSeeHowMuchILoveYouAmyBloomprice:$13.95

ABlindManCanSeeHowMuchILoveYoucontainsoneofthemostabsoluteexpressionsofamother5slove

infiction.Muchofittakesplaceinthewaitingroomofagenderreassignmentsurgeon.Ifsaboutawomanwhois

determinedtobethemotherthatherchildneedshertobe.Inthiscollectionordinarywomenrisetotheoccasion

demandedbymotherhood.Theymakemistakesbuttheygeneral!succeedinmakingupforthem.

FamilyManCalvinTrillinprice:$18

Inhismemoir（回憶錄）FamilyMan,CalvinTrillinwriteswithhumorabouthiswifeanddaughters.Hegives

whatIthinkisthesinglemostusefulpieceofparentingadvice"Gettingadviceonthebestwaytobringupchildren

islikegettingadviceonthebestwaytobreathesoonerorlateryou'reprobablygoingtoforgetitandgobackto

yourregularoldinandout.^^Trillingivestheimpressionofbeingthebestkindofhusband.

1.Whichbooktellsastoryofraisingchildreninthecountryside?

A.TheLottery.B.FamilyMan.

C.LifeAmongtheSavages.D.ABlindManCanSeeHowMuchILoveYou.

2.WhatisCalvinTrillin'sFamilyManallabout?

A.Ahumorousmother.B.Anoperation.

C.Offeringadvice.D.Beingakindhusband.

3.Whatdothethreebookshaveinmon?

A.Theyshareatheme.B.Theytargetthesameaudience.

C.Theywerewrittenbythesameauthor.D.Theywerepublishedinthesameyear.

【答案】l.C2.C3.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了介紹了三本關(guān)于父母之道的書(shū)籍。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LifeAmongtheSavages部分中“ShirleyJackson,authorofoneofthemostamazinglysinister

novelsofalltimeandoftheshortstoryTheLottery,alsowrotetwocharmingnovelsaboutraisingherfourchildren

inanoldfarmhouse:inruralVermont.（作為是有史以來(lái)最令人驚訝的邪惡小說(shuō)之一和短篇小說(shuō)《彩票》的作者，

雪莉?杰克遜還寫(xiě)了兩部迷人的小說(shuō)，講述了她在佛蒙特州鄉(xiāng)下一所古老的農(nóng)舍里撫養(yǎng)四個(gè)孩子的故事）”可

知，L振加eSawzges講述了雪莉?杰克遜在鄉(xiāng)下?lián)狃B(yǎng)孩子的故事。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FamilyMan部分中“Inhismemoir（回憶錄）FamilyMan,CalvinTrillinwriteswith

humorabouthiswifeanddaughters.HegiveswhatIthinkisthesinglemostusefulpieceofparentingadvice

"Gettingadviceonthebestwaytobringupchildrenislikegettingadviceonthebestwaytobreathesoonerorlater

you'reprobablygoingtoforgetitandgobacktoyourregularoldinandout."（在他的回憶錄《居家男人》中，卡

爾文?特里林幽默地描寫(xiě)了他的妻子和女兒。他給出了我認(rèn)為最有用的一條育兒建議：“獲得關(guān)于養(yǎng)育孩子

的最佳方法的建議，就像獲得關(guān)于呼吸的最佳方法的建議一樣，遲早你可能會(huì)忘記它，回到你的日常生活

中去?？芍?，卡爾文?特里林的F〃膽切〃提供了育兒建議。故選C項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第——段中“ThisyearFvedecidedtohugbooksthatareinspiringandhonest,yetdo

notavoidthepleasuresofparenthood.（今年，我決定選擇那些既鼓舞人心又誠(chéng)實(shí)的書(shū)，同時(shí)也不回避為人父母

的樂(lè)趣）”和下文對(duì)書(shū)的介紹可知，這三本書(shū)雖然作者不同，但這三本書(shū)都以誠(chéng)實(shí)和鼓舞人心的方式探索和

呈現(xiàn)了為人父母的各個(gè)方面。每本書(shū)，無(wú)論是關(guān)于在鄉(xiāng)下?lián)狃B(yǎng)孩子，是關(guān)于母親堅(jiān)定不移的愛(ài)，還是關(guān)于

家庭生活的幽默思考，都以家人和親人關(guān)系作為共同的主題。故選A項(xiàng)。

B

EverythingagirlnamedBellaneededforherlifetochangeforthebetterwasadog.ButCeorgeisunlike

otherdogs.He'saservicedogwhofillsBella'sdayswithjoyandlaughterandhelpsherregainherindependence

back.

Bellawassufferingararemetabolic（新陳代譚寸的）disorder,whichleadstoshortneck,knockkneesandhip

problems.InBella'scase,herparentsweretoldthattheirdaughterwouldeventuallyneedawheelchairandwon't

beabletomoveonherown.

WhenthefamilyweledGeorgeintheirlives,hehelpedBellawalkbyprovidingassistance.Aharness（背帶）

withthewords“servicedog“isfastenedonhisbacksothatpeopleknowheisn'tjustapet.HeandBellaarenow

inseparableandheneverleavesherside.Bellaattendedschoolforonlyhalfadaybeforeleavingtoplayatthe

homeofherfriend一Hunter.BecausehegetstonaponthecouchwhileBellaplays.Georgelovesgoingoverthere.

Asathankyoufbrhisloyalty,BellawantedtogiveGeorgesomethinginreturn.Sheandherparentsthencame

upwiththeideatocontactBarkPost,awellknownwebsitethathostseventsreferredtoas"Dog'sBestDays”and

giveGeorgeadaytoremember.Amongtherest,thetwofriendsgottoshareahamburgertogetherandgottowalk

onsnow,somethingGeorgeenjoys.Theydidabunchoffunthingstogetherandhadalovelyday.

ThankstoGeorge,Belladoesn'tneedawheelchairandenjoystheindependenceherservicedogprovidesto

her."Georgeisjoyfulandhe'salwaystheretocheermeup.Heismybestfriend,5,Bellasays.

4.WhatdidthedoctorsayaboutBella'sillness?

A.Shewouldrecoverslowly.B.Shewoulddropoutofschool.

C.Shewouldlosetheabilitytowalk.D.Shewouldneedaservicedogtolookafterher.

5.WhatwasGeorge'smainjob?

A.ToplaywithBella.B.TofortBella.

C.TohelpBellawalk.D.TocheerBellaup.

6.WhydidBellaandherparentscontactBarkPost?

A.TheywantedtothankGeorge.B.TheywantedtofindfriendsforGeorge.

C.TheywantedtogiveGeorgearest.D.TheywantedtomakeGeorgewellknown.

7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.AGirlFightsHerIllnessBravely

B.APetDogBeesFamousforHisLoyalty

C.DogsAreImportantinHelpingtheDisabled

D.AServiceDogHelpsaGirlRegainHerIndependence

【答案】4.C5,C6.A7,D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Bella患有罕見(jiàn)的代謝性疾病，而George作為一只服務(wù)犬，幫助

她重新獲得了獨(dú)立和快樂(lè)的生活。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段uBellawassufferingararemetabolic（新陳代謝的）disorder,whichleadstoshort

neck,knockkneesandhipproblems.InBella'scase,herparentsweretoldthattheirdaughterwouldeventually

needawheelchairandwon'tbeabletomoveonherown.（貝拉患有一種罕見(jiàn)的代謝紊舌L,導(dǎo)致脖子短、膝夕卜翻

和髓關(guān)節(jié)問(wèn)題。在貝拉的案例中，她的父母被告知，他們的女兒最終需要輪椅，無(wú)法自己移動(dòng)。）”可知，

醫(yī)生告訴Bella的父母，Bella會(huì)失去行走能力，故選C項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“WhenthefamilyweledGeorgeintheirlives,hehelpedBellawalkby

providingassistance.（當(dāng)家人歡迎George進(jìn)入他們的生活時(shí)，他通過(guò)提供幫助來(lái)幫助Bella走路。）”可知，

George的主要工作是幫助Bella走路。故選C項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Asathankyouforhisloyalty,BellawantedtogiveGeorgesomethinginreturn.She

andherparentsthencameupwiththeideatocontactBarkPost,awellknownwebsitethathostseventsreferredto

as"Dog'sBestDays"andgiveGeorgeadaytoremember.（為了感謝他的忠誠(chéng)，貝拉想給喬治一些回報(bào)。然后，

她和她的父母想出了一個(gè)主意，聯(lián)系BarkPost,這是一個(gè)著名的網(wǎng)站，舉辦被稱(chēng)為“狗最好的日子”的活

動(dòng)，并給喬治一個(gè)值得紀(jì)念的日子。）”可知，Bella聯(lián)系BarkPost是為了感謝George,故選A項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章講述了Bella通過(guò)與George的接觸重新獲得了獨(dú)立，這意味著George作為一

只服務(wù)狗幫助Bella恢復(fù)了自主能力。因此，最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是D.AServiceDogHelpsaGirlRegainHer

Independence（一只服務(wù)狗幫助一個(gè)女孩重獲自主能力），D項(xiàng)更好地概括了整個(gè)故事的核心內(nèi)容，故選D項(xiàng)。

C

Mostpeoplehavealreadyheardwearefacinganeraofmassivespeciesextinction,thatwerunoutofinsect

pollinators（傳粉者）forourplantationsandthatspringsaresilentnow.Itisalsoagreedthatadiversenatureis

essentialforoureconomicandemotionalwellbeingandforhumanhealth.Buthowtoachievethis?

Buildingsproducedangerousemissions（排放物）pollutingtheair.Thenation'sbuildingsareresponsiblefor

40%ofallUScarbonemissions.Designingbuildingsthatputtheenvironmentfirstisessential.DanielJaconetti,

theNationalSustainableDesignLeaderforthearchitecturefirmHEDtellsGb&dMagazine,tuOurfirst

responsibilityistoeducateandthentodesignforclientsthebestpossiblebuildingthatmeetstheirneeds.^^

Thebestbuildingsaredesignedtoberesilient（能復(fù)原的）,energyefficient,fortable,andwithoutpoisonous

chemicals.Theyareprobablytheonesthatmakethemostsensetopeople一beingasefficientaspossible."You're

puttingoutfeweremissions.DanielJaconettitellsGb&d.

Ecoconsciousdesigncanbefbundinanumberofways.Theapplicationofsolarpowerisjustonemondesign

trend.Choosingecofriendlybuildingmaterialscanalsohelp.Thiscanincludeawidevarietyofmaterials,from

bambootothoserecycled.

Whenlookingforwaystocatertoecofriendlydesign,biophilia（熱愛(ài)生物）hasbeenusedinarchitectural

designtounitenatureintotheenvironment.Withmonelementsofbiophilicdesigninbuildingsincludingindoor

treesandplantsandlivingwallscreatures,wecanenjoythevariousbenefitsassociatedwiththepresenceofnature

indoors.Foralreadyconstructedhomes,biophilicdesignelementcanhelpcreateanenvironmentallyfriendly

atmosphere.Bringinginplantsisjustonemajorwaytomakeanecofriendlystatement.Properlystylingthe

greenerycanbethedifferencebetweenshowcasingthetreeitselfandallowingittoplementthesurrounding

design.

8.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.B.Toraisepeople'sawarenessofpollution.

C.Tocallonpeopletoprotectwildlife.D.Todrawpeople'sattentiontoemotionalwellbeing.

9.Whyisdesigningenvironmentallyfriendlybuildingsimportant?

A.Weneednewbuildingstobefbrtable.B.Buildingsaretoblameforseriousemissions.

C.Buildingsarewherewespendmostofourtime.D.Weneeddifferentbuildingstocheerourselvesup

10.Whichofthefollowingcandescribebestbuildings?

A.Luxury.B.Splendid.C.Ecofriendly.D.Lifechanging.

11.Whatcanyoudowithaconstructedhome?

ARedecorateit.B.Giveitathoroughclean.

C.Changeitsdesignstyle.D.Addsomegreenplantstoit.

【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了建筑行業(yè)排放十分嚴(yán)重，呼吁進(jìn)行環(huán)保建筑并對(duì)此提出了一些

建議。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第——段“Mostpeoplehavealreadyheardwearefacinganeraofmassivespeciesextinction,

thatwerunoutofinsectpollinators（傳粉者）forourplantationsandthatspringsaresilentnow.Itisalsoagreed

thatadiversenatureisessentialfbroureconomicandemotionalwellbeingandforhumanhealth.Buthowto

achievethis?（大多數(shù)人已經(jīng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)，我們正面臨著一個(gè)大規(guī)模物種滅絕的時(shí)代，我們的種植園已經(jīng)沒(méi)有昆蟲(chóng)授

粉者了，春天現(xiàn)在很安靜。人們還一致認(rèn)為，多樣性對(duì)我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)和情感福祉以及人類(lèi)健康至關(guān)重要。但

是如何做到這一點(diǎn)呢？）”可推知，第一段的作用是引入文章主題。故選A。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段uBuildingsproducedangerousemissions（排放物）pollutingtheair.Thenation's

buildingsareresponsiblefor40%ofallUScarbonemissions.Designingbuildingsthatputtheenvironmentfirstis

essential.（建筑物產(chǎn)生的有害排放物污染了空氣。這個(gè)國(guó)家的建筑占美國(guó)碳排放量的40%。設(shè)計(jì)將環(huán)境放在

首位的建筑是至關(guān)重要的）”可知，設(shè)計(jì)環(huán)保建筑很重要是因?yàn)榻ㄖ菄?yán)重排放的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。故選B。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thebestbuildingsaredesignedtoberesilient（能復(fù)原的），energyefficient,fortable,

andwithoutpoisonouschemicals.Theyareprobablytheonesthatmakethemostsensetopeople一beingas

efficientaspossible."You'reputtingoutfeweremissions.^^DanielJaconettitellsGb&d.（最好的建筑被設(shè)計(jì)成具

有彈性、節(jié)能、舒適和不含有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)。它們可能是對(duì)人們來(lái)說(shuō)最有意義的一一盡可能高效。“你的排

放量減少了。"DanielJaconetti告訴Gb&d）”可推知，最好的建筑是環(huán)保的。故選C。

【11題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Foralreadyconstructedhomes,biophilicdesignelementcanhelpcreatean

environmentallyfriendlyatmosphere.（對(duì)于已經(jīng)建成的房屋，親生物的設(shè)計(jì)元素可以幫助創(chuàng)造一個(gè)環(huán)境友好的

氛圍）”可知，你可以給建造好的房子添加一些綠色植物。故選D。

D

Ifsthedayofthebigrace.You'vegotyourrunningshoesonandyourstartingnumberpinnedtoyourtanktop

（背心裝）.You'vetrainedforweeksforthismarathon,buthaveyoushortchangedyourselfbynothavingacupof

coffee?

Studiesaboutcoffeecanbetricky.Oneweekscientistsfindthatcoffeeisbadforus,whilethenextweekthey

announceitprovidesbenefits.Whenitestocoffee'sstaringredient-caffeine,theresultsaremuchclearerin

relationtoathletes:Caffeineimprovesperformance.Itisoneofthefewlegalperformanceenhancersintheworld.

Instudies,athleteswhoconsumedcaffeinebeforearacewereabletogofaster,lastlongerandrecovermore

quicklythanthosewhodidn't.

Researchershavefoundthatcaffeinecausesmusclestousefatasfuel,ratherthanglycogen（糖原）storedin

themuscles,whichincreasesstrength.Caffeinealsocheersupmusclesbyreleasingcalciumstoredwithin,which

aidsspeedandendurance.Anditaffectshowhardyouthinkyou'reworking,sothatyoucanrunlongerandharder

withoutfeelingexhausted.

Youdon'tevenneedmuchcaffeinetogettheresults.Scientistsestimatethatbetween1and2milligramsof

caffeineperkilogramofbodyweightwilldothetrick.Moreisn'tbetter.It'spossibletoperformworsewhenyou

consumemorethan9milligramsperkilogram.

Caffeinecanhavedetrimentalsideeffectsinpeoplenotusedtoit,mostnotablyheadaches.Itisalso

discouragedforthosewithheartconditionsorhighbloodpressure.Insomerunners,coffeeandothercaffeinated

productscanresultindiarrhea（腹瀉）.Forthesereasons,it'sprobablybestnottodrinkyourfirstcupofcoffeethe

morningofamarathon.Instead,seehowyourbodyreactsduringyourtraining.

12.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Howresearchersmadethefinding.B.Howcaffeineincoffeehelpsrunners.

C.Whycoffeeisimportanttorunners.D.Whyresearcherscarriedouttheresearch.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detrimental“inParagraph5probablymean?

A.Beneficial.B.Unnoticeable.C.Efficient.D.Harmful.

14.Whatistheauthor'sadviceconcerningconsumingcoffee?

A.Testitseffectintraining.B.Takemorebeforearace.

C.Takesomeafterarace.D.Nevertakeanybeforearace.

15.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Anotebook.B.Adiary.C.Amagazine.D.Atravelguide.

【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹咖啡中的咖啡因可以幫助運(yùn)動(dòng)員跑的更快，時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)，但是因人而

異，咖啡因?qū)Σ怀：瓤Х鹊娜艘灿杏泻Φ母弊饔?，所以建議運(yùn)動(dòng)員可以在訓(xùn)練中測(cè)試咖啡的效果。

【12題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Researchershavefoundthatcaffeinecausesmusclestousefatasfuel,ratherthan

glycogen（糖原）storedinthemuscles,whichincreasesstrength.Caffeinealsocheersupmusclesbyreleasing

calciumstoredwithin,whichaidsspeedandendurance.Anditaffectshowhardyouthinkyou'reworking,sothat

youcanrunlongerandharderwithoutfeelingexhausted.（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，咖啡因會(huì)使肌肉使用脂肪作為燃料，

而不是儲(chǔ)存在肌肉中的糖原，從而增加力量?？Х纫蜻€通過(guò)釋放儲(chǔ)存在肌肉中的鈣來(lái)刺激肌肉，這有助于

提高速度和耐力。它會(huì)影響你認(rèn)為自己的努力程度，這樣你就可以跑得更長(zhǎng)、更努力，而不會(huì)感到疲憊。）”

可知本段主要講咖啡中的咖啡因?qū)ε懿秸叩淖饔?，也就是如何幫助跑步者。故選B。

【13題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文"mostnotablyheadaches.Itisalsodiscouragedforthosewithheartconditionsor

highbloodpressure.（最明顯的是頭疼。對(duì)于那些有心臟病或高血壓的人來(lái)說(shuō)也是不鼓勵(lì)的）”可推斷上文意

思是咖啡因會(huì)對(duì)不習(xí)慣咖啡因的人產(chǎn)生有害的副作用，所以detrimental意為“有害的"，和harmful同義，

故選D。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Forthesereasons,ifsprobablybestnottodrinkyourfirstcupofcoffeethemorning

ofamarathon.Instead,seehowyourbodyreactsduringyourtraining.（由于這些原因,最好不要在馬拉松比賽的

早晨喝第一杯咖啡。相反，看看你的身體在訓(xùn)練過(guò)程中是如何反應(yīng)的。）”可知作者建議可以在訓(xùn)練中測(cè)試

咖啡的效果。故選A。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文，可知文章介紹咖啡中的咖啡因可以幫助運(yùn)動(dòng)員跑的更快，時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)，但是因人而

異，咖啡因?qū)Σ怀：瓤Х鹊娜艘灿杏泻Φ母弊饔茫越ㄗh運(yùn)動(dòng)員可以在訓(xùn)練中測(cè)試咖啡的效果。故推斷

本文可能摘自雜志中，故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

HowtoDealwithNosy（好管閑的）People

Nosypeopleareeverywhere.Theyarejusttoomuchforustotolerate.However,nomatterwhattypeofnosy

peopleyoumeet,therearewaysyoucanusetogetoutofthesituation.16

Respond.Donotreact.

Whensomeonestartsaskingpersonalquestionsoneafteranother,youmightgetconfusedastowhy.When

youfindyourselfinthissituation,remindyourselftoslowdown.17Bemindfulofthesituationandtryto

respondwisely.Youdon'towe（欠）ananswertotheotherperson.

Answerthemreasonablywithoutshowingtoomuch.

Onegreatwayistogiveasatisfactoryanswerwithoutsayingtoomanydetails.Thisway,youwillsatisfytheir

curiosityandkeepyourpersonalboundaries（界線）.18Forinstance,yourlovedonemightask,“Iheard

youhadafightwithyourhusband.Whathappened?^^Youcouldsay,"Nothingserious.Wearefine.^^Thiswilllet

themknowyouarefineandyouneedn'tsaythedetails!

19

Sometimes,youjustdon'tfeellikeansweringtheotherperson'squestions.Itcouldbebecausetheyhaveno

businessknowingthedetails.Itcouldalsobethattheyarerude.So,ifsomeoneasksyouapersonalquestion,you

couldpolitelydeclinetoanswerbysaying,“Sorry,butIamnotfbrtablediscussingmyprivatematterslikethis.”

Showalackofenthusiasm.

Yourbodylanguagetellsalotaboutyou.Ittellsotherpeoplewhetheryouareinterestedintalkingtothem,

whetheryouarehavingagoodtimeandsoon.So,ifyouwanttomunicatethatyoudon'tappreciatethembeing

nosy,youcandosowithyourbodylanguage.Howdoyoudothis?Easy!Justshowalackofenthusiasm.

20

A.Avoidtalkingwiththem.

B.Politelydeclinetoanswer.

C.So,giveyourselftimetoreact.

D.Thereisnoneedtofeelrushedatall!

E.Usethiswaywhentheotherpersonisalovedone.

F.Givebriefanswersanddon'tlookthemintheeyetoomuch.

G.Followtheonesbelowandyouwillfinditeasytodealwiththem.

【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.B20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何與好管閑事的人打交道。

【16題詳解】

上文“However,nomatterwhattypeofnosypeopleyoumeet,therearewaysyoucanusetogetoutofthe

situation4然而，不管你遇到什么類(lèi)型的愛(ài)管閑事的人，你都可以用一些方法來(lái)擺脫這種情況）”指出有辦法

擺脫愛(ài)管閑事的人，下文各段“Respond.Donotreact.（回答，但不要有反應(yīng)）”、Answerthemreasonably

withoutrevealingtoomuch.（合理地回答他們，不要透露太多）”和“Showalackofenthusiasm.（表現(xiàn)出缺乏熱

情）”都是關(guān)于如何與愛(ài)管閑事的人打交道的建議。G項(xiàng)uFollowtheonesbelowandyouwillfinditeasyto

dealwiththem.（以下是關(guān)于如何應(yīng)對(duì)愛(ài)管閑事的人的建議）”承上啟下，引出下文的具體建議，上下文銜接自

然。故選G。

【17題詳解】

上文“Whensomeonestartsaskingpersonalquestionsoneafteranother,youmightgetconfusedastowhy.When

youfindyourselfinthissituation,remindyourselftoslowdown.（當(dāng)有人開(kāi)始一個(gè)接一個(gè)地問(wèn)私人問(wèn)題時(shí)，你可

能會(huì)感到困惑，不知道為什么。當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于這種情況時(shí)，提醒自己慢下來(lái)）”指出當(dāng)有人開(kāi)始一個(gè)接

一個(gè)地提出個(gè)人問(wèn)題時(shí)，你要提醒自己慢下來(lái)。D項(xiàng)“Thereisnoneedtofeelrushedatall!（根本沒(méi)有必要感

到匆忙!）”與上文語(yǔ)意一致，表達(dá)了相同的意思，^noneedtofeelrushed與上文“remindyourselftoslow

down”相照應(yīng)。故選D。

【18題詳解】

上文uOnegreatwayistogiveasatisfactoryanswerwithoutsayingtoomanydetails.Thisway,youwillsatisfy

theircuriosityandkeepyourpersonalboundaries（界線）.（一個(gè)很好的方法是給出一個(gè)令人滿意的答案，而不是

說(shuō)太多的細(xì)節(jié)。這樣，你會(huì)滿足他們的好奇心，并保持你的個(gè)人界限）”提出一個(gè)策略：給出一個(gè)令人滿意

的答案，而不是說(shuō)太多的細(xì)節(jié)。下文“Forinstance,yourlovedonemightask,"Hey!Iheardyouhadafightwith

yourhusband.Whathappened?^^Inresponse,youcouldsay,“Oh,nothingserious.Wearefine."Thiswillletthem

knowyouaredoingfine.（例如，你所愛(ài)的人可能會(huì)問(wèn)，“嘿！我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你和你丈夫吵架了。發(fā)生了什么？”作為

回應(yīng)，你可以說(shuō)，“哦，沒(méi)什么大不了的。我們很好。”這會(huì)讓他們知道你做得很好）”舉例子說(shuō)明如何對(duì)

你所愛(ài)的人如何使用這個(gè)策略。E項(xiàng)“Usethiswaywhentheotherpersonisalovedone.（當(dāng)對(duì)方是你所愛(ài)的人

時(shí)，請(qǐng)使用這一策略）”承上啟下，句中“thisway”指代上文所述策略。故選E。

【19題詳解】

設(shè)空句是本段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文Sometimes,youjustdon'tfeellikeansweringtheotherperson'squestions.It

couldbebecausetheyhavenobusinessknowingthedetails.Itcouldalsobethattheyarerude.So,ifsomeoneasks

youapersonalquestion,youcouldpolitelydeclinetoanswerbysaying,"Sorry,butIamnotfortablediscussingmy

privatematterslikethis."（有時(shí)候，你只是不想回答別人的問(wèn)題。這可能是因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有權(quán)利知道細(xì)節(jié)。也可

能是因?yàn)樗麄兒艽拄?。所以，如果有人?wèn)你一個(gè)私人問(wèn)題，你可以禮貌地拒絕回答：“對(duì)不起，我不喜歡

這樣討論我的私人問(wèn)題。可知，本段主要建議要禮貌地拒絕他人。故B項(xiàng)"Politelydeclinetoanswer.（禮

貌地拒絕回答）”是本段最佳小標(biāo)題。故選B。

[20題詳解】

上文“So,ifyouwanttomunicatethatyoudon'tappreciatethembeingnosy,youcandosowithyourbody

language.Howdoyoudothis?Easy!Justshowalackofenthusiasm.（所以，如果你想表達(dá)你不喜歡他們愛(ài)管閑

事，你可以用肢體語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)。你是怎么做到的?簡(jiǎn)單!只是表現(xiàn)出缺乏熱情）”提出用肢體語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)缺乏

熱情。F項(xiàng)"Givebriefanswersanddoiftlookthemintheeyetoomuch.（給出簡(jiǎn)短的回答，不要直視對(duì)方的眼

睛）”給出具體的做法建議：簡(jiǎn)短的回答，不直視其的眼睛。這是表示自己不喜歡他人管閑事的，不感興趣

的肢體語(yǔ)言。故選F。

第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Istartedmycyclingadventureearly.Themorningridewas21,thegentlebreeze（微風(fēng)）waspleasant

andtheroadwasfreeoftraffic.Thepathwaslinedbycolorfulflowers.Gazingatthemountains,IfeltlikeIwas

22throughapainting.Lookingdown,I23fallenleavesonthetrack.ItwasthefirsttimeIrealized

leavescouldbesorichincolor.Icametounderstandthetrue24ofautumnisfoundinthesesubtle,often

overlookeddetails.

Ofcourse,thisjourneywasalsoachallenge.EachtimeIenduredalengthyuphillclimb,I_25_myself

somewhereaheadlaya（n）26downhillsection.Itbecameakindofreward.Iwasthirstyandtired.Ipushed

mybikeuptheincline,whichhelpedstretchmymuscles.

Ipassedbyawomansellingoranges.Iwantedtobuysome.However,thewoman27mymoneyand

encouragedmetohelpmyself,28theorangeswerefromherowntrees.Iwasdeeply29.

Aftereatingtwo,Icrouched（蹲）bytheroadside,gazingattheuphillstretchahead.Ayoungcoupleinacar

30tobuyoranges.Iaskediftheycouldgivemealift.They31andevenofferedme

breadandwater.IlearnedtheywerefromSuzhouandhaddrivenherefortheweekend.They32I

visitSuzhouforanaroundthelakerideofTaihu.About10minuteslater,Isaidgoodbyetothemandcontinued

riding.

Mymoodwas33transformed.Ateamofcyclistsapproached,givingmethumbsup.Iwas

incrediblymotivated.Cycling144kminninehourswasa（n）34.However,asIreflectonthe

beautyalongtherouteandthekindnessofthepeopleImet,Iamstillful