2024年高考英語(yǔ)一模試題分類匯編：閱讀表達(dá)北京專用原卷版

專題06閱讀表達(dá)

(―)

（204屆?北京海淀區(qū).統(tǒng)考一模）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。

Asakid,IdreamedofbecomingamarinebiologistandIlivedoutthisfantasybysettingupaquariums（魚(yú)

缸）athome.Then,at20,1wasintroducedtophotographerDavidLiittschwager,whohiredmetohelphimwitha

magazineassignmentonmarinelife.

David'sassignmentwastodocumenttheamazingbiodiversityfoundintheocean.Myrolewastocollect

speciesforhimtophotograph.Everynight,Iwouldcastafloatinglamp.Likemothsdrawntoaflame,mysterious

creatureswouldemergefromthedepthsinsearchofthislight.I'dthensetupaquariumstohousethemasthey

waitedforDavidtotaketheirshot.

ThoseeveningsmademefeelasifIwereonanotherplanet.Ihadneverimaginedsuchstrangelife-forms

couldexistinouroceans.ButIdidn'tgraspthetruemagicofwhatwasinfrontofmeuntilIsawthephotographs

Davidtook.

Thebiggestsurprisewashisimageofababyflounder.Icaughtthisfishby

accident.OnlylaterdidInoticeitstwotinyeyeballsstaringbackatme.ButDavid's

photographofthisflounderrevealedauniverseofdetailthatevenmyeagereyes

hadmissed.Hismacrolensmagnifieditsribs.Thelightning-fastexposurefrozeits

motion.Apreciselyaimedlightreleasedtherainbow

hiddeninitsskin.Andtheblackbackgroundremovedalldistractionstofocus

ourattentiononthequietbeautyathand.

Yearsafterthatproject,Iwassnorkeling（潛水）onashallowreef.Outofthedarkness,anotherbaby

flounderemergedandsettledonmymask.ThistimeIknewwhattolookfor.BeforeworkingforDavid,Ihad

assumedthegoalofphotographywassimplytoreproduceanobservationsothatotherscouldsharethesame

experience.Ithadneveroccurredtomethatphotographycouldexpandourvisualperceptionandthereforeteach

ustoseetheworldanew.

40.Whatwastheauthor'sresponsibilityinDavid'sassignment?

41.WhywasDavid*simageofababyflounderthebiggestsurprisetotheauthor?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

>Encounteringababyflounderwhilesnorkelingdeepenedtheauthor9sunderstandingthatphotography

couldreproduceanobservation.

42.Whatcanhelpyouseetheworldanew?Clnabout40words）

(-)

(2024屆.北京西城區(qū).統(tǒng)考一模)

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。

Inafast-pacedworld,wherestressandmentaltirednessseemcommonplace,we'reconstantlylookingfor

newwaystounwind.Peoplemaycarryoutavarietyofactivitiestohelpthemrelax.Butwhataboutthebirdsongs

orothernaturesounds?Couldtheyalsohelppeopletoletgoofthetensionsofmodernlife?

AccordingtoastudybyKing'sCollegeLondonin2022,seeingorhearingbirdscouldhelptoboostthe

mentalwellbeingofpeople.Takingatriptoplacesrichinbirdlifelikeparks,forestsandcanalsandencountering

birdssingingtoeachotherinthetreescouldevenhelptotreatsomementalhealthconditions.Andifsnotjust

birdsthatcouldhaveacurativeeffectonourmoods.AnotherstudyconductedbytheNationalTrustcomparedthe

effectsofwoodlandsoundswithvoicedmeditation（冥想）apps.Thestudyfoundlisteningtobirdsongaswellas

otherwoodlandsoundslikeleavescrunchingunderfootorthegentleflowofastreamboostedfeelingsof

relaxation30%morethantheappsdo.Othersoundswhichmayhelptocoolpeopledownarewaveslappingon

theshore,gentlewind,andlightrainfall.

However,notallofusliveinruralsurroundings,anddependingonwherewelive,atriptothecountrysideto

seebirdsmaynotbeanoption.Butcouldthenaturesoundsthatoriginatetherestillhelpyou?Accordingto

researchbyCaliforniaPolytechnicStateUniversity,evenarecordingofthesoundsofbirdshadaprofoundeffect

onpeople'smood,whileotherstudiessawpeoplelisteningtosoundscapesofthecoastandforestswithsimilar

outcomestotheirwellbeing.

So,whereveryoulive,youcanaccessthewonderfulsoundsofbirdsandnatureduringastrollthrougha

woodorviasomeheadphones.Andmaybelisteningtothechirps,trills,warblesandwhistlesofsomebirdscould

helpyoutorelaxafteralong,hardday.

40.WhatdidthestudybyKing'sCollegeLondonin2022find?

41.HowdidtheNationalTrustconductthestudy?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

Accordingtothepassage,birdssinging,voicedmeditationappsandtherecordingofthesoundsofnaturehavethe

sameeffectonpeople'smood.

43.Besideswhatismentionedinthepassage,whatdoyouusuallydotohelpyourelaxinyourdailylife?（In

about40words）

（三）

（2024屆.北京東城區(qū)等五區(qū).統(tǒng)考一模）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。

Inordertofitinandmakefriendsinanewschool,Amandaobservedhowherclassmatesbehavedand

interactedwitheachother.Gradually,sheperfectlyadoptedthemannerismsoftheclassmatesaroundher,

laughingattheirjokes,noddinginagreementwiththeiropinions,hidingherselfintosomeoneshethoughtothers

wantedhertobe.We'vealldonethese.Thisissocialmasking,theprocessofholdingbackorhidingournatural

wayofinteractingwithotherssowecanfeelaccepted.

Inaworldthatoftentellsustojustbeourselves,youmightwonderwhymanyofusrelyonsocialmasking.

“Socialmaskinghappensbecauseweasaspecieswanttobeincluded,sayspsychologistDiptiTait."It'satribal

（群體的）thingofbeingtogetherratherthanbeingonourown.Weallhavecertainmaskstoprotectourselves

fromexposureanddifference."Whilemaskingcanhelpusdealwithsocialsituations,itcanalsocomewith

negativeconsequences.Hidingourbehavioursandinterestsconstantlycanleadtoastrongfeelingofseparation,

disconnection,andinternalconflict.Asaresult,wemayexperienceaheightenedandincreasedpossibilityof

developingdepressionaswestruggletounderstandsocialsituationsandsignsthatotherstakeforgranted.

Fortunately,amaskisnotourownskin.Wemayfeelextremelytiredaftersocialengagementsandwantto

spendtimealoneinordertofeellikeourselves.t6Thegoalistofeelsafeenoughtoremovethemask,“saysTait.

"It'scrucialforindividualstoreceiveacceptanceandsupportforwhotheyare,ratherthanfeelingliketheyneed

tohidetheirtrueselvesinordertofitin.^^

40.Whatissocialmasking?

41.Whydomanyofusrelyonsocialmasking?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

Whenpeoplestruggletounderstandsocialsituationsthatothersconsidernormal,theywillfeellessdepressed.

43.Inadditiontomasking,whatelsecanyoudotofitinwhenyouareinanewenvironment?（Inabout40words）

（四）

（2024屆.北京石景山區(qū).統(tǒng)考一模）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。

Winningasignificantscienceawardisabigdeal,especiallyifyouare12yearsold.ButMarineGill,agirl

fromFresno,California,wonthetopawardintheScientificJuniorInnovatorsChallenge（SIIC）fordesigninga

firedetectionsystemsuperiortoexistingones.

Marine'sinspirationcamefromafirethatdestroyedarestaurantinherneighbourhoodduringthespringof

2023.“Ihadneverreallyexperiencedsomethinglikethatbefore,shetoldTheWashingtonPostabouttheearly

morningfire,whichstartedinthekitchen.4tTheyhadsmokedetectingdevice（設(shè)備），andyetitstillburneddown."

Aftershestudiedfirestatistics,Marinespentoverhalfayeardevelopingafiredetectionsystemthatcould

havepreventedthefire.Unliketraditionalsmokedetectorsthatsenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair,

Marine'sthermal（熱的）imagingdeviceisdesignedtostopfiresfromoccurring.

Withathermalcameraandatinycomputer,thedevicedetectswhenaheatsourcehasbeenleftunattended

fortenminutesandsendsatextmessagewarning.Thehardestpartwastheprogramming."Ihadtwodesigns,and

myfirstdesigncompletelyfailed.ItwasareallybigchallengeIhadtogothrough,9,shesaid.Thefinaldevice

outperformstraditionalsmokedetectorsinspeedandaccuracy.Marinewantstobringthecostsdowntomakeit

evenmorecommonthanhardwiredsmokedetectors.

“Thetopwinnershave,exhibitedboundlesspossibility,MayaFranklin,presidentofSocietyforScience,

saidinthepressrelease."'Theirremarkableresearchnotonlyreflectstheirtalentbutalsoputsasteppingstoneto

anexcitingnewfuture.,^

40.WhatdesignwonMarineGillthetopawardintheSJIC?

41.FromwheredidMarinedrawinspirationforthedesign?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

Unliketraditionalsmokedetectors,Marine'sthermalimagingdeviceisdesignedtosenseactivefiresfromthe

smokeintheair.

43.WhatisthemainqualitythathasmadeMarineatopwinner?Why?（Inabout40words）

（五）

（2024屆.北京房山區(qū).統(tǒng)考一模）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。

Asthesayinggoes,"timewaitsfornoman”.Timeisalwaysagainstus,andwejustcan'tstopit.Maybe

thafswhysomeofusarealwaysrunninglateforappointments.Butiftimekeepingisnotwhatyou'regoodat,

don'tstress.Theremightbeagoodreasonforyourlackofpunctuality.

People'sattitudestobeingontimevary.Someclock-watchandmakesurethey'rebangontimeforameeting.

Itis,afterall,rudetobelate,andifyoucanmakeitontime,whycan'teveryoneelse?Butif,likeme,youwantto

makeeverysecondcount,youmighttrytosqueezeasmuchasyoucanintothetimeyouhaveavailable.However,

whenyourscheduledoesn,truntoplan,yourpunctualityinevitablyslips.

Peoplewholackpromptnesshavebeendescribedas“timebenders”.AuthorGracePacietoldtheBBCthat

“they'rethepeoplewhodon'twanttobelate,buttheyhaveastrangeresistancetobeingearly,andtheydon't

allowenoughTheyassumetheirjourneytoanappointmentwillalwaysgosmoothly,andthetrainwill

alwaysbeontime!

Perceptionsofunpunctualpeoplearealmostalwaysnegative-evenifsometimeswrong.Expertssay:Being

consistentlylatemightnotbeyourfault.Itcouldbeyourtype.Thepunctually-challengedoftensharepersonality

characteristics,suchasoptimism,lowlevelsofself-control,anxiety,orapenchantforthrill-seeking.Itisalso

possiblepeoplearelatesonottobeconspicuousandtoavoidtheanxiouswaitforotherstoturnup.

MaybewelatecomersshouldmakemoreofaneffortandfollowtheadviceIheardtonot"try"tobeontime

but“decide“tobeontime,

40.Whatdoes"timebenders"referto?

41.Whatarethepersonalitycharacteristicsoftimebenders?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

AccordingtoGracePacie,timebendersdon7careaboutbeinglatesotheydon7allowenoughtime.

43.Whatdoyouusuallydotobeontime?（Inabout40words）

（六）

（2024屆.北京延慶.統(tǒng)考一模）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問(wèn)題。

Anxietyisnotdeadly,becausebeingabletofeelanxiousshowsthatourfight-or-flightsystemisoperational,

whichisanindicatorofbrainandsensoryhealth.Onceweacceptthatbeinganxiousisanormalpartoflife,we

canuseittoourbenefit.

Anxietycanhelpbuildouremotionalstrength.Ifwewanttobuildemotionalstrength,weneedtofacesome

degreeofmentalstress.Ofcourse,unpleasantandabusetendtocausemoreharmthangood,buttheexperienceof

occasionalanxiety,stress,andtensionsubstantiallyincreasesouremotionalcourage.

Anxietycanincreaseyouremotionalconnection.Clinicalsciencehasidentifiedthatsharingouranxieties

withourlovedonesisoneofthemosteffectivestrategiestobuildconnection.Whenmypatientslearntoopenup

andsharetheiranxietieswiththeirpartners,theyalmostalwaysreportagreatersenseofemotionalconnection.

Anxietycanhelpusrebalance.Whenwefeelgenuinelyanxiousbecauseofstress,ifsourbody'swayof

tellingustorebalance.Nobodyistrulylimitless.Whenwepayattentiontoourinternalcuesandacknowledgeour

weaknesses,weemergemorefocusedandhealthieroverallandalsolessstressedandanxious.

Anxietycanbeahealthy,helpfulemotionthatisaconstructiveaspectofhumanlife.Whenitcomesto

occasionalexperienceofanxiety,itcanemotionallyhelpboostourcourage.Itcanalsobuildupemotionalconnect

ionwhenweexpressoursensitivefeelingstoothers.Andintheformofstress,itcanserveasaninternalindicator

toremainbalancedandhealthy.Nowit'shightimewestartedputtingittogooduse.

40.Whyisanxietynotdeadly?

41.Whencananxietyincreaseouremotionalconnection?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy?

Whenwepayattentiontoourinternalcuesandacknowledgeourweaknesses,weemergemorefocusedand

healthieroverallandalsomorestressedandanxious.

43.Asastudent,howdoyoumakeuseoftestanxietytohelpyoubebetterpreparedforexams?（Inabout40

words）

（七）

（2024屆.北京門頭溝.統(tǒng)考一模）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。

Thefirstpairsofjeansweredesignedforblue-collarworkers.Overthecourseofthe20thcentury,the

working-classpantshavetransformedintofashioniconsandbecomepopulararoundtheworld.However,each

newpairyoubuyhasamuchhighercostthanyoumightthink.

Everypairofjeanstakesabout0.7kilogramsofcotton.Growingthismuchcottonrequiresroughly10,000

litersofwater,nottomentionvariousherbicidesandpesticides,whichcanpollutegroundwater.Typically,plastic

fibersaremixedwithcottonthreadstoincreasecomfortandflexibility.Inordertodyethe