北師大版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)UNIT2 Section Ⅰ TOPIC TALK Lesson1課件

UNIT2

SUCCESSSectionⅠ

TOPICTALK&LESSON1導(dǎo)讀話題秒切入011．Hewhoseizestherightmoment，istherightman.—Goethe誰(shuí)把握機(jī)遇，誰(shuí)就心想事成。——歌德2．Thepeoplewhogetoninthisworldarethepeoplewhogetupandlookforcircumstancestheywant，andiftheycannotfindthem，makethem.—BernardShaw在這個(gè)世界上取得成就的人，都努力去尋找他們想要的機(jī)會(huì)，如果找不到機(jī)會(huì)，他們便自己創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)?！挷{3．Youhavetobelieveinyourself.That'sthesecretofsuccess.—CharlieChaplin人必須有自信，這是成功的秘密?！槔怼ぷ縿e林4．Trynottobecomeamanofsuccessbutrathertrytobecomeamanofvalue.—Einstein不要為成功而努力，要為做一個(gè)有價(jià)值的人而努力?！獝垡蛩固?．Victorywon'tcometomeunlessIgotoit.—M.Moore勝利是不會(huì)向我走來(lái)的，我必須自己走向勝利。——穆爾Successmeansdifferentthingsfordifferentpeople.Somemayequateitwithfame，somewithwealthandstillsomewithaccomplishments.Forme，itmeansfulfillingone'sdreams.Whateveryourdreamsare，youhaveagoalthereandthenfocusallyourattentiononit.Dreamsbringyouhopeandhappiness.Intheprocessofstrugglingforit，youcry，sweat，complainorevencurse，butthejoyofharvestingmakesyouforgetallthepainsandtroublesyouhavegonethrough.So

anoldproverbsaysthatthesweetestfruitisonethathasundergonethebitterestordeal.Shouldpeoplestoponcetheyhaveachieved

something?No!Inlife，theyarealwaystryingto

makethingsbetterorhavemoreofthesamesuccess.Athletesareconstantlystriving(努力)toshortentimeforraces，increaseheightsordistances.Theworldofmedicinehashaditsseriesofsuccesses，too.ChristianBarnardperformedseveralsuccessfulhearttransplants.Othermedicalexpertshaveachievedorgantransplants.Throughouttheages，mankindhasfoundtreatmentsandcuresforcancerandotherdiseases.AcureforAIDSmightsoonbediscovered.Successdoesnotbelongonlytotherichandfamous.Itshouldbethegoalofeveryone.Manysuccessfulpeoplehavehadhumblebeginnings.Atwork，westriveforachievement，too.Successmaymeanorganizingaconferencemoreeffectivelyandefficientlyeachyear.Sometimes，itisnotapatonthebackorthepromotionthatmakesitworthwhile.Thejourneytosuccesshasitsroadblocks，discouragementanddistractions.Ittakesgreatresourcefulnessandachievementtoovercomeobstaclesandsetbackstomoveonsuccessfully.[探究發(fā)現(xiàn)]1．Whyathletesareconstantlystrivingtoshortentimeforraces?___________________2．WhatisChristianBarnard'ssuccess?_________________________________________3．Accordingtothepassage，whodoessuccessbelongto?__________Toachievesuccess.Succeedinginperforminghearttransplants.Everyone.SectionⅠ

TOPICTALK&LESSON1預(yù)習(xí)新知早知道02詞匯識(shí)記詞匯活用嘗試?yán)斫庹n文譯注Ⅰ.匹配詞義A．單詞匹配(

)1.astronaut

A．a(chǎn)dj.obeyingtherules(

)2.disciplined B．n.宇航員(

)3.enthusiastic C．a(chǎn)dj.感激的(

)4.appreciative D．a(chǎn)dj.最后的，最終的(

)5.ultimate E．a(chǎn)dj.feelingorshowingalotof

excitementandinterestaboutsb./sth.(

)6.commitment F．n.thefactofdoingsth.togetherorof

workingtogethertowardsasharedaim(

)7.cooperation G．n.寢室，學(xué)生宿舍(

)8.employee H．n.thewillingnesstoworkhardand

giveyourenergyandtimetoajoboran

activity(

)9.dormitory I．n.家具(

)10.furniture J．n.雇員[答案]

1—5

BAECD

6—10

HFJGIB．短語(yǔ)匹配(

)1.makesense

A．發(fā)跡；出人頭地(

)2.geton B．退出，脫離；輟學(xué)(

)3.dropout C．有意義；解釋得通(

)4.turnone'sbackon D．贈(zèng)送；捐贈(zèng)(

)5.giveaway E．不理睬；背棄CABEDⅡ.默寫單詞1．______

n.

象征，標(biāo)志2．__________

adj. 樂觀的，樂觀主義的3．_________

adj. 堅(jiān)定的；盡心盡力的4．_________

adj. 有抱負(fù)的，有雄心的5．__________

vt.

欣賞；賞識(shí)6．______

n. 饑餓，饑荒7．______

adj. 內(nèi)疚的，羞愧的8．_________

n. 教授symboloptimisticcommittedambitiousappreciatehungerguiltyprofessorⅠ.語(yǔ)境填詞hunger；guilty；professor；dormitories；optimistic；means；ambitious；symbol；appreciate；career1．Inthispoemthebuddingflower_____youth.2．Theyarecautiously__________thatthereformswilltakeplace.3．Only_________studentsgetthebestmarks.4．Thewhitecolourisa______ofpurity.meansoptimisticambitioussymbol5．Youcan't__________Englishpoetryunlessyouunderstanditsrhythm.6．Myuncleentereduponadiplomatic______attheageofthirty-five.7．Threehundredpeopleinthistownaredyingof______everyday.8．Bobfelt______thathehadnotmadeanattempttosaveher.9．The_________adaptedhislecturetohisaudience.10．Mostofthestudentsofthiscollegelivein___________．a(chǎn)ppreciatecareerhungerguiltyprofessordormitoriesⅡ.語(yǔ)法填空之派生詞1．Ifelt______(guilt)aboutnotvisitingmyparentsmoreoften.2．Thousandsaregoing______(hunger)becauseofthefailureofthisyear'sharvest.3．IputapillowonthesaddlesothatIcouldride_____________(comfortable)．4．Everysingle________(employ)turnedupatthemeeting，evenpeoplewhousuallystayedaway.guiltyhungrycomfortablyemployee5．Hewas__________(determine)togivehisfamilyasecureandsolidbase.6．Thegovernmentis_________(commit)toprotectingtheinterestsoftenants.7．Theheadmasterinourschoolhopesthatwewillbemore_________(ambition)whenwegraduatethanwhenwegotadmitted.8．Hewasvery____________(appreciate)ofhiscolleagues'supportduringhisillness.determinedcommittedambitiousappreciative9．He'sbeenoutofactionfor16monthswithaseriousknee______(injure)．10．Themeetingdiscussedhowtopromote___________(cooperate)betweenthetwocountries.injurycooperation1．Theyspendhalfoftheirtimedreamingupwaysofgettingrichandachievingthesuccesstheyexpect，andtherestoftheirtimethinkingaboutallthethingstheywilldooncetheybecomerich.他們花一半時(shí)間想象各種發(fā)財(cái)和達(dá)到他們期望的成功的辦法，__________________________________________。另一半時(shí)間則用來(lái)考慮一旦發(fā)了財(cái)他們會(huì)干什么2．However，therearepeoplewhohaveturnedtheirbacksontheirmillionsandfoundotherformsofsuccessintheirlives.然而______________________，找到了人生中其他形式的成功。3．Hewastiredofbeingregardedaslivingasuccessfullife，asapersonwhohadeverythingwhilemanypeoplehadnothing.他厭倦了被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)擁有一切的人，過(guò)著成功的生活，__________________。有些人卻放棄了百萬(wàn)家財(cái)而許多人卻一無(wú)所有4．Theydidn'thavethechancetolearnandgetoninlife.他們沒有__________________________。5．JasonHarleydecidedtodropoutofthiskindoflifestyle，andhediscoveredthathavingonlyalittlemoneymadehimfree.詹森·哈利____________________，他發(fā)現(xiàn)只擁有少量金錢使他獲得了自由。接受教育和開啟新生活的機(jī)會(huì)決定放棄這種生活方式課文助讀①becomeamillionaire成為百萬(wàn)富翁②asymbolofsuccess成功的象征③ultimategoal最終目標(biāo)④dreamup虛構(gòu)，憑空想出⑤thinkabout考慮⑥getthesenseofsuccess獲得成功感⑦lookfor尋找⑧worryabout擔(dān)心⑨workhard努力工作⑩becomewealthy變得富有?makemoney賺錢?losethesenseofsuccess失去成功感?turnone'sbackon不理睬；背棄?otherformsofsuccess其他形式的成功?acollegeprofessor大學(xué)教授?afortuneoftwomilliondollars兩百萬(wàn)美元的財(cái)產(chǎn)?asmalldormitoryroom小宿舍?second-handfurniture二手家具?takecareof照料?growsomevegetables種些蔬菜?charityshops慈善商店?appreciatethischange欣賞這種變化?bepleasedtodo...很高興做某事?giveup放棄?betiredof厭倦，討厭?regard...as認(rèn)為……是?makethechoicetodo...決定做……?giveall...moneyaway把……錢財(cái)都捐贈(zèng)出去?bringsb.happiness給某人帶來(lái)快樂?livesimply過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單生活?behelpfultoothers幫助別人?millionsofpeople數(shù)百萬(wàn)人?dieofhunger餓死?havethechancetolearn有機(jī)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)?geton發(fā)跡；出人頭地?feelveryguilty感到很內(nèi)疚?withoutdoinganything什么都不做?giveaway...to把……贈(zèng)送給?morethan超過(guò)?banknotes鈔票?homelesspeople無(wú)家可歸的人?akindofsatisfaction一種滿足?meandoing...意味著?awell-paidjob一份高薪工作?asenseofachievement成就感?comefrom來(lái)自；出生于?truemeaninginlife生活的真諦?livecomfortably生活舒適?havenoworries沒有煩惱?dropoutofthiskindoflifestyle放棄這種生活方式原文呈現(xiàn)MONEYVSSUCCESSAngelaJohnsoninterviewsex-millionaireJasonHarleyFor

a

lot

of

people，becomingamillionaire①

is

asymbolofsuccess②

and

they

set

this

astheirultimategoal③.They

spend

half

of

their

time

dreamingup④

ways

of

getting

rich

and

achieving

the

success

they

expect，and

the

rest

of

their

time

thinkingabout⑤

all

the

things

they

will

do

once

they

become

rich.(1)But

do

all

millionaires

getthesenseofsuccess⑥

they

were

lookingfor⑦after

they

achieve

their

goals？(2)Some

continue

to

worryabout⑧

money

when

they

become

millionaires—they

workedhard⑨t(yī)obecomewealthy⑩，but

then

they

need

to

continue

makingmoney?so

they

don't

losethesenseofsuccess?they

have

achieved.(3)However，there

are

people

who

have

turnedtheirbackson?their

millions

and

found

otherformsofsuccess?in

their

lives(4)．Jason

Harley

is

one

example.(1)句中theyexpect為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞success；theywilldo也是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞things；oncetheybecomerich為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。(2)句中theywerelookingfor為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞success；aftertheyachievetheirgoals為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。(3)句中but連接表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句；so連接表示因果關(guān)系的并列句；whentheybecomemillionaires為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；theyhaveachieved為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞thesenseofsuccess。(4)who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞people。Sixteenyearsago，Jasonwasacollegeprofessor?withahugesix-bedroomhouseandafortuneoftwomilliondollars?.Todayhelivesinasmalldormitoryroom?withonlysecond-handfurniture?.TherearecertainlynosignsthatJasonisarichandsuccessfulman(5)！Thereisasmallgardenoutsidewithafewfruittrees，whichJasonenjoystakingcareof?(6)．Healsogrowssomevegetables?andafewflowers.Hegetshisclothesandalotofotherthingsfromcharityshops?.(5)that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。(6)which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞fruittrees。ButJasonappreciatesthischange?.Heispleasedto?giveup?thelifestyleofarichman.He

wastiredof?beingregardedas?livingasuccessfullife，asapersonwhohadeverythingwhilemanypeoplehadnothing.(7)Hemadethechoiceto?giveallhismoneyaway?.Andthis，hesaid，broughthimhappiness?andasenseofsuccessinlife.(7)句中while引導(dǎo)表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的并列句，第一個(gè)分句中whohadeverything為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞aperson。“Idon'tneedalotofmoney.Idon'twanttobuymorethings.Ihaveenough，”saidJason.“WhatIwant(8)istolivesimply?andbehelpfultoothers?.Afewyearsago，Iwasamillionaire，butIknewmillionsofpeople?diedofhunger?everyyear，andtherewereplaceswithnoschoolsandnoteachers.Somanypeoplecouldnevergotoschool.Theydidn'thavethechancetolearn?andgeton?inlife.ThisworriedmealotandIfeltveryguilty?beingarichmanwithoutdoinganything?.”(8)what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。Thereforehegaveawayallhismoneyto?charities.Wheneverhehadmorethan?twothousanddollars(9)，hewouldgiveawaysmallbanknotes?tohomelesspeople?inthestreetsoflocalareas.“Itwasakindofsatisfaction?andarealsenseofsuccessthatIhadneverfeltbefore(10)，”saidJason.“Sure，manypeoplethinkthat‘success’

meanshaving?millionsinthebankorawell-paidjob?(11)．ButIthinkmysenseofachievement?comesfrom?helpingothersandfindingtruemeaninginlife?(12)．”(9)whenever引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。(10)that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞success。(11)that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。(12)省略that的賓語(yǔ)從句，其中and連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作comesfrom的賓語(yǔ)。(13)Mostpeoplebelieve后為賓語(yǔ)從句，其中when...enoughmoney為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。(14)省略that的賓語(yǔ)從句。(15)that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。(16)省略關(guān)系代詞that的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞things。(17)because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。(18)句中howmuchmoneyyouhave和howyouunderstandthetruemeaningoflife都作介詞by的賓語(yǔ)。譯文參考金錢與成功安吉拉·約翰遜采訪前百萬(wàn)富翁詹森·哈利對(duì)很多人來(lái)說(shuō)，成為百萬(wàn)富翁是成功的象征，他們把這作為他們的最終目標(biāo)。他們花一半時(shí)間想象各種發(fā)財(cái)和達(dá)到他們期望的成功的辦法，另一半時(shí)間則用來(lái)考慮一旦發(fā)了財(cái)他們會(huì)干什么。但是，是否所有的百萬(wàn)富翁在實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的目標(biāo)后都獲得了他們所追求的成功感呢？有些人在成為百萬(wàn)富翁后仍然擔(dān)心錢的問(wèn)題——他們努力工作成為富人，但之后他們需要繼續(xù)賺錢，這樣他們就不會(huì)失去已經(jīng)獲得的成功感。然而有些人卻放棄了百萬(wàn)家財(cái)，找到了人生中其他形式的成功。詹森·哈利就是一個(gè)例子。16年前，詹森是一名大學(xué)教授，擁有一幢六間臥室的大房子和兩百萬(wàn)美元的財(cái)產(chǎn)。今天他住在一個(gè)只有二手家具的小宿舍里。沒有任何跡象表明詹森是一個(gè)富有和成功的人！

外面有一個(gè)小花園，里面有幾棵果樹，詹森喜歡照料它們。他還種了一些蔬菜和花。他的衣服和其他很多東西都是從慈善商店買的。但是詹森很欣賞這種變化。他很樂意放棄富人的生活方式。他厭倦了被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)擁有一切的人，過(guò)著成功的生活，而許多人卻一無(wú)所有。他決定把自己的錢財(cái)都捐贈(zèng)出去。他說(shuō)，這給他的生活帶來(lái)了快樂和成功感?！拔也恍枰芏噱X。我不想買更多的東西。我擁有的已經(jīng)夠多了，”詹森說(shuō)。“我想要的是簡(jiǎn)單的生活和幫助別人。幾年前，我是一個(gè)百萬(wàn)富翁，但我知道每年有數(shù)百萬(wàn)人死于饑餓。有些地方?jīng)]有學(xué)校，沒有老師。那么多人永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法上學(xué)。他們沒有接受教育和開啟新生活的機(jī)會(huì)。這讓我很擔(dān)心，我為自己是一個(gè)有錢人而什么都不做而感到很內(nèi)疚?！币虼怂阉械腻X都捐給了慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。只要他有兩千多美元，他就會(huì)把小面額的鈔票送給當(dāng)?shù)亟值郎蠠o(wú)家可歸的人?！斑@是一種我從未有過(guò)的滿足感和真正的成就感，”詹森說(shuō)?！爱?dāng)然，許多人認(rèn)為‘成功’意味著銀行里有數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元或者有一份高薪工作。但我認(rèn)為我的成就感來(lái)自幫助別人并找到生活的真諦?！贝蠖鄶?shù)人相信，當(dāng)他們生活舒適，并掙到足夠的錢時(shí)，他們就不會(huì)有任何煩惱。然而，大多數(shù)人總是覺得自己掙得不夠。詹森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式，他發(fā)現(xiàn)只擁有少量金錢使他獲得了自由。他懷念過(guò)去的東西嗎？“不，我現(xiàn)在快樂多了，因?yàn)槲沂前凑兆约旱膬r(jià)值觀生活的。成功不是看你有多少錢，而是看你如何理解生活的真諦?！崩斫庹n文精研讀03表層理解深度感悟速讀課文，完成下列任務(wù)Ⅰ.閱讀判斷判斷以下句子提供的信息是正確(T)，還是錯(cuò)誤(F)。1．Whenwegetthesuccesswewant，wewillfeelhappy. (

)2．Jasonwasregardedasasuccessfulmanbuthewasnothappy. (

)3．Bygivingawaymoneyandhelping，Jasonhadasenseofsuccess.

(

)4．Jasongaveawayallhismoneytocharities. (

)5．NothavingmuchgivesJasonmorefreedom. (

)FTTTTⅡ.補(bǔ)全信息選擇正確選項(xiàng)填入空白處，補(bǔ)全所給句子提供的信息：A．beingregardedaslivingasuccessfullifeB．takingcareofC．beingarichmanwithoutdoinganythingD．becomingamillionaireE．helpingothersandfindingtruemeaninginlifeF．havingmillionsinthebankorawell-paidjob1．Foralotofpeople，________isasymbolofsuccessandtheysetthisastheirultimategoal.2．Thereisasmallgardenoutsidewithafewfruittrees，whichJasonenjoys________．3．Jasonwastiredof________，asapersonwhohadeverythingwhilemanypeoplehadnothing.4．ThisworriedmealotandIfeltveryguilty________．5．Sure，manypeoplethinkthat“success”means________．DBACF細(xì)讀課文，完成下列任務(wù)Ⅰ.主旨匹配段落主旨大意1.Para.12.Para.23.Para.34.Para.45.Para.5A．Jasonappreciatesthischange.B．Jason'spastandpresent.C．Jasongaveawayallhismoney.D．Jason'sbeliefinlife.E.Jasonlivessimplyandhelpsothers.[答案]

1—5

BAECDⅡ.課文理解1．Whatdosomemillionairesusuallydoafterbecomingrich?A．Dreamupwaysofgettingmuchricher.B．Trytogetthesenseofsuccess.C．Goonmakingmoney.D．Lookfortheirnewlifegoals.2．HowdoesJasonfeelaboutthelifestyleofarichman?A．Tired.

B．Pleased.C．Excited. D．Puzzled.3．WhatdoesJasonwanttodonow?A．Tobuymorethings.B．Togetmoreeducation.C．Tobecomeamillionaireagain.D．Tohelpthosepeopleinneed.4．WhatisJason'sopinionofsuccess?A．Successmeanshavingmillionsinthebank.B．Successmeanshavingawell-paidjob.C．Successmeansfindingtruemeaninginlife.D．Successmeanslivingcomfortablyandfreely.5．HowwouldyoudescribeJasonHarley?A．Stubbornbutkind.B．Humorousandopen-minded.C．Generousandsympathetic.D．Childishbutnice.[答案]

1－5

CADCCⅢ.續(xù)寫素材積累續(xù)寫素材積累(三)——人物感受A．閱讀文中含有表示人物感受的語(yǔ)句1．Somecontinuetoworryaboutmoneywhentheybecomemillionaires—theyworkedhardtobecomewealthy，butthentheyneedtocontinuemakingmoneysotheydon'tlosethesenseofsuccesstheyhaveachieved.2．Heispleasedtogiveupthelifestyleofarichman.3．Hewastiredofbeingregardedaslivingasuccessfullife，asapersonwhohadeverythingwhilemanypeoplehadnothing.B．判斷下列語(yǔ)句中哪個(gè)不是表示人物感受的？1．ThisworriedmealotandIfeltveryguiltybeingarichmanwithoutdoinganything.2．Thereforehegaveawayallhismoneytocharities.3．“ItwasakindofsatisfactionandarealsenseofsuccessthatIhadneverfeltbefore，”saidJason.4．I'mmuchhappiernow，becauseIamlivingaccordingtomyvalues.[答案]

2教學(xué)知識(shí)細(xì)解碼04詞匯派生一詞多義要點(diǎn)直擊長(zhǎng)難句分析教材對(duì)接高考應(yīng)用落實(shí)1．determinevt.決定，確定→__________

adj.堅(jiān)定的，堅(jiān)決的→determinationn．決心，毅力2．disciplinen．自制力

vt.懲罰，處罰→___________

adj.遵守紀(jì)律的3．commitvt.犯(罪/錯(cuò))；承諾；保證→_________

adj.堅(jiān)定的；盡心盡力的→__________

n．投入忠誠(chéng)，奉獻(xiàn)；承諾4．a(chǎn)mbitionn．雄心；野心；抱負(fù)→_________

adj.有抱負(fù)的，有雄心的determineddisciplinedcommittedcommitmentambitious5．__________

vt.欣賞；賞識(shí)→____________

adj.感激的→appreciationn．欣賞；感激，感謝6．injurevt.損害；傷害→______

n．傷，損害→injuredadj.受傷的7．cooperatev．合作，協(xié)作→___________

n．合作，協(xié)作→cooperativeadj.合作的；同心協(xié)力的8．employvt.雇傭→________

n．雇員→employern．雇主→employmentn．雇傭，就業(yè)9．______

n．饑餓，饑荒→hungryadj.感到饑餓的；挨餓的10．guiltn．有罪；對(duì)罪行有責(zé)任→______

adj.內(nèi)疚的，羞愧的appreciateappreciativeinjurycooperationemployeehungerguiltycommitmentn．承諾；許諾；允諾承擔(dān)；保證；(對(duì)工作或活動(dòng)的)獻(xiàn)身，奉獻(xiàn)，投入；已承諾(或同意)的事；不得不做的事①Shedoesn'twanttomakeabigemotionalcommitmenttoSteveatthemoment. ____②Acareerasanactorrequiresonehundredpercentcommitment.____③Womenveryoftenhavetojuggleworkwiththeirfamilycommitments. ____________承諾投入不得不做的事知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1

determinedadj.堅(jiān)定的，堅(jiān)決的[例]Shegavemeadeterminedlook—thekindthatsaidshewouldnotchangehermind.她給了我一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的眼神——這種眼神表明她是不會(huì)改變主意的。

[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Hedetermined_________(learn)Chinese.②Weweredetermined_______(win)thegame.③Ihavedetermined________spendingmyholidayathome.④Shehasthe_____________(determine)toovercomealltheobstaclestosucceed.tolearntowinon/upondetermination知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2

committedadj.堅(jiān)定的；盡心盡力的[例]Heisregardedasacommittedsupporterofaradicalfree-marketeconomicspolicy.他被視為激進(jìn)的自由市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制政策的堅(jiān)定支持者。[知識(shí)拓展](1)commitvt.

投入；使承諾；犯(罪)commitsb.to(doing)sth. 使某人承諾(做)某事commitoneselfto(doing)sth. 答應(yīng)(做)某事commitsuicide/acrime/murder 自殺/犯罪/謀殺commitsth.tosth. 調(diào)撥；投入(2)commitmentn. 承諾，保證，承擔(dān)義務(wù)makeacommitment 作出承諾[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Borrowersshouldthinkcarefullybeforecommittingthemselvesto______(take)outaloan.②Thecouncilhascommittedlargeamountsofmoney___

housingprojects.③Itisanopenquestionhowlongthat__________(commit)canlast.takingtocommitment知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3

enthusiasticadj.熱心的，熱衷的[例]ShewasevenlessenthusiasticaboutgoingtoSpain.她對(duì)去西班牙更是不感興趣。[知識(shí)拓展](1)beenthusiasticabout

對(duì)某事熱心beenthusiastictodosth. 喜歡做某事(2)enthusiasmn. 熱情；熱心；熱衷的事物[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Heisenthusiastic_____bothstudyandphysicallabour.②Andasyoucansee，thechildrenwerereallyencouraged，andtheywerealsoenthusiastic________(read)allofthesebooks.③Withoutcorrectleadership，the__________(enthusiastic)ofthemassescannotbesustained.abouttoreadenthusiasm知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4

makesense有意義；解釋得通[例]Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當(dāng)你把太陽(yáng)放在那個(gè)位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能解釋得通。[知識(shí)拓展]makesenseof... 弄懂……的意思makenosense 無(wú)意義inasense 在某種意義上innosense 決不；決非(位于句首時(shí)，句子用部

分倒裝)there'snosenseindoingsth. 做……是沒有道理/作用的[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Ican'tmakesense__thispoem，butperhapsIwill，ifIreaditagain.②In__

sense，hissuggestionisverypractical.③Planningsofarahead________________—somanythingswillchange.那么早計(jì)劃是沒有意義的——那么多事情會(huì)發(fā)生變化。ofamakesnosense[名師點(diǎn)津]makesense的主語(yǔ)常是“物”，而makesenseof的主語(yǔ)常是“人”。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5

injuryn．傷，損害[例]Theinjurytotheirkeyplayercouldbeadecisivefactorinthegame.他們主力隊(duì)員受傷可能是這場(chǎng)比賽勝負(fù)的決定性因素。[知識(shí)拓展](1)dosb.aninjury

傷害某人doaninjurytosb. 傷害某人(2)injurev. 傷害，損害injuredadj. 受傷的[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Smokingdoesaninjury__health.②The_______(injure)manmountedhishorsewithdifficulty.toinjured知識(shí)要點(diǎn)6

appreciatevt.欣賞；賞識(shí)[例]Iappreciateyourhelpverymuch.我非常感謝你的幫助。[知識(shí)拓展](1)appreciate(one's)doingsth. 感激(某人)做某事Iwouldappreciateitif... 如果……我將不勝感激(2)appreciationn. 欣賞；鑒別；感激[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Ireallyappreciateyour________(think)highlyofmywork.②Iwouldappreciate__ifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtosolvetheseproblems.③Wewouldappreciateyou_______(let)usknowofanyproblems.thinkingitletting[名師點(diǎn)津]appreciate用法需注意的兩點(diǎn)：(1)appreciate后接動(dòng)名詞，而不可用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，且不能以“人”作賓語(yǔ)。(2)appreciate后面若跟when/if引導(dǎo)的從句作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句前應(yīng)用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。類似用法的動(dòng)詞還有hate，love，like，dislike等。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)7

hungern．饑餓，饑荒[例]Aroundfiftypeopledieofhungereverydayinthecamp.集中營(yíng)里每天大約有五十人餓死。[知識(shí)拓展](1)haveahungerfor

渴望……dieofhunger 死于饑餓(2)hungertodosth. 渴望做某事hungerfor/aftersth. 渴望得到某物(3)hungryadj. 饑餓的；挨餓的[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Idon'tknowabouttherestofyou，butI'm______(hunger)．②Shehungered___somecontactoutsideherowncircumscribedworld.③NewZealandersarestilllearning，stillhaveahunger___answersandarestillonthejourneytodiscoveringtheirownidentity.hungryforfor知識(shí)要點(diǎn)8

geton發(fā)跡；出人頭地[例]Sheisambitiousandeagertogeton.她雄心勃勃，迫切地想出人頭地。[知識(shí)拓展]getalong/onwith

進(jìn)展；相處getinto 染上(壞習(xí)慣)，陷入getacross 通過(guò)；被傳達(dá)；被理解getover 克服，從……中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)getthrough 接通；完成；通過(guò)；渡過(guò)getdownto 記下；開始getawaywith 干(壞事)而未受懲罰[即學(xué)即練]——完成句子①Thismistakewill______________difficulties.這一錯(cuò)誤將使他陷入困境。②Don'tattempttocheat—you'llnever_______________it.別想著作弊——對(duì)作弊者會(huì)嚴(yán)懲不貸。③Asmilecanhelpus____________difficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.微笑可以幫助我們渡過(guò)難關(guān)，在陌生人中找到朋友。④It'simpossible________________________him.

根本無(wú)法跟他相處。gethimintogetawaywithgetthroughtogeton/alongwith知識(shí)要點(diǎn)9

dropout退出，脫離；輟學(xué)[例]Thewindowwasopen，andthepotjustdroppedout.窗戶開著，花盆就掉了出去。[知識(shí)拓展]dropback/behind

落后，被拋在后面dropin 順便拜訪dropinto 順便進(jìn)入(某處)，隨意到(某處)看看dropoff 不知不覺睡著[即學(xué)即練]——完成句子①Theywouldunexpectedly________onus.他們會(huì)突然順道來(lái)訪。②Thecoltwasstrugglingtostaywiththepaceandstartedto______________________．那匹小馬奮力要跟上，但還是開始落后了。③Struggleasshemight，shekept_____________．盡管她拼命掙扎，還是不停地打瞌睡。dropindropback/behinddroppingoff重點(diǎn)句式1

whenever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句(教材P31)Wheneverhehadmorethantwothousanddollars，hewouldgiveawaysmallbanknotestohomelesspeopleinthestreetsoflocalareas.只要他有兩千多美元，他就會(huì)把小面額的鈔票送給當(dāng)?shù)亟值郎蠠o(wú)家可歸的人。[句式分析]本句中Wheneverhehadmorethantwothousanddollars是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，其中Whenever相當(dāng)于nomatterwhen。[例1]Wheneverwemetwithdifficulties，theycametohelpus.每當(dāng)我們遇到困難時(shí)，他們總來(lái)幫助我們。[例2]Giveusacallwheneveryouneedourservice.什么時(shí)候需要我們的服務(wù)，打個(gè)電話就行。[知識(shí)拓展](1)“疑問(wèn)代詞

＋ever”可引導(dǎo)兩種類型的從句，即讓步狀語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)相當(dāng)于“nomatter＋疑問(wèn)代詞”。(2)“nomatter＋疑問(wèn)代詞”只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①________happened，hewouldn'tsayaword.②_________dictionaryyou(may)take，youwillhavetopayatleast20dollars.③Youmayinvite_______youlike.WhateverWhicheverwhoever重點(diǎn)句式2

make復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)(教材P31)JasonHarleydecidedtodropoutofthiskindoflifestyle，andhediscoveredthathavingonlyalittlemoneymadehimfree．詹森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式，他發(fā)現(xiàn)只擁有少量金錢使他獲得了自由。[句式分析]句中madehimfree為make＋賓語(yǔ)＋形容詞(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。[例1]ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwastorealizeourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.但是我樂于幫忙，因?yàn)槲抑溃@是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)我們黑人和白人平等的夢(mèng)想。[例2]Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier，nottomakeitmoredifficult.新技術(shù)的目的是使生活變得更加容易，而不是變得更加困難。[知識(shí)拓展]make作使役動(dòng)詞，意思是“使成為，使作為，使變成”，其后的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(即賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))有以下表達(dá)方式：(1)make＋賓語(yǔ)＋名詞(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(2)make＋賓語(yǔ)＋不帶to的不定式(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(3)make＋賓語(yǔ)＋形容詞(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(4)make＋賓語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(5)make＋賓語(yǔ)＋介詞短語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(6)make＋賓語(yǔ)＋從句(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(7)make＋形式賓語(yǔ)it＋形容詞或名詞(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))＋帶to的不定式(作真正的賓語(yǔ))(8)make＋形式賓語(yǔ)it＋形容詞或名詞(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))＋從句(作真正的賓語(yǔ))[即學(xué)即練]——完成句子①M(fèi)ostpopsingers______________________．大多數(shù)流行歌手把音樂當(dāng)作他們的職業(yè)。②Nobody________________________

atacertaintime.沒有人讓我們?cè)谀骋还潭〞r(shí)間就寢。③Theteacherraisedhisvoicesothathecould_________________．那個(gè)老師提高了嗓門以便別人能聽到他。makemusictheircareermade/makesusgotobedmakehimselfheard④Wewillsoon______________________________________．我們不久就要把我們的學(xué)校發(fā)展成你們學(xué)校目前的樣子。⑤Everyoneshould_____________________________

andgetupearly.人人都應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成早睡早起的習(xí)慣。⑥Theywantto________________________

thattheydoanimportantandnecessaryjob.他們要向公眾表明，他們所做的工作是重要的，是必不可少的。makeourschoolwhatyourschoolisnowmakeitaruletogotobedearlymakeitcleartothepublic1．Somecontinuetoworryaboutmoneywhentheybecomemillionaires—theyworkedhardtobecomewealthy，butthentheyneedtocontinuemakingmoneysotheydon'tlosethesenseofsuccesstheyhaveachieved.[分析]句中___連接表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句；__連接表示因果關(guān)系的并列句；whentheybecomemillionaires為____引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；theyhaveachieved為省略that/which的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞_______________________。

butsowhenthesenseofsuccess[翻譯]有些人在成為百萬(wàn)富翁后仍然擔(dān)心錢的問(wèn)題——他們努力工作成為富人，但之后他們需要繼續(xù)賺錢，這樣他們就不會(huì)失去已經(jīng)獲得的成功感。

2．Hewastiredofbeingregardedaslivingasuccessfullife，asapersonwhohadeverythingwhilemanypeoplehadnothing.[分析]句中_____引導(dǎo)表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的并列句；第一個(gè)分句中whohadeverything為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞_________。

[翻譯]他厭倦了被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)擁有一切的人，過(guò)著成功的生活，而許多人卻一無(wú)所有。

whileaperson教材高考1.enthusiasticandambitious(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Iwasalwaysanenthusiasticreader，sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating(令人陶醉的)，anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.教材高考2.ButJasonappreciatesthischange.(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn'talotoffoodserved.3....Iwasamillionaire，butIknewmillionsofpeoplediedofhungereveryyear...(2020·天津卷)Forthosewhohungerforsomepeaceandquiet，soundcannowcreatesilence.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．________Ivisitedhim，hewasalwaysbusyworking.2．Theheavyrainmade__impossibleforustogoout.3．NexttimeyouareinGuangzhou，pleasedropin__me.4．Leonidas'familyhadbeenpoor，hewent______(hunger)foryears.5．Andwhatisthekeytoexpressinggratitudeand____________(appreciate)?Wheneveritonhungryappreciation6．The_______(injure)captain，lyinginthebowoftheboat，saidnothing.7．Thereisnosensein________(worry)aboutsuchathing.8．Hewantstomakesurethatschoolsarecommittedto_________(provide)alternativeeducation.9．Therewasanexpressionoffierce_____________(determine)onherface.10．Buthesaidheiswillingtobepat