高考英語閱讀理解難題Reading+Comprehension+for+top+students-3

高考培優(yōu)閱讀-5Fisher‘sclassReadingComprehension-3-Art?Perhapsthemostobviouswayartisticcreationreflectshowpeopleliveisbymirroringtheenvironment—thematerialsandtechnologiesavailabletoaculture.Stone,wood,treebark,clay,andsandaregenerallyavailablematerials.Inaddition,dependingonthelocality,otherresourcesmaybeaccessible:shells,horns,gold,copper,andsilver.Thedifferentusestowhichsocietiesputthesematerialsareofinteresttoanthropologistswhomayask,forexample,whypeoplechoosetouseclayandnotcopperwhenbothitemsareavailable.Althoughtherearenoconclusiveanswersyet,thewayinwhichasocietyviewsitsenvironmentissometimesapparentinitschoiceanduseofartisticmaterials.Theuseofcertainmetals,forexample,maybereservedforceremonialobjectsofspecialimportance.Orthebeliefinthesupernaturalpowersofastoneortreemaycauseasculptortobesensitivetothatmaterial.Whatisparticularlymeaningfultoanthropologististherealizationthatalthoughthematerialsavailabletoasocietymaytosomeextentlimitorinfluencewhatitcandoartistically,thematerialsbynomeansdeterminewhatisdone.WhydotheartistsinJapanesesocietyrakesandintopatterns;andtheartistsinRomansocietymeltsandtoformglass?Moreover,evenwhenthesamematerialisusedinthesamewaybymembersofdifferentsocieties,theformorstyleoftheworkvariesenormouslyfromculturetoculture.Asocietymaysimplychoosetorepresentobjectsorphenomenathatareimportanttoitspopulation.AnexaminationoftheartoftheMiddleAgestellsussomethingaboutthemedievalpreoccupationwiththeologicaldoctrine.Inadditiontorevealingtheprimaryconcernsofasociety,thecontentofthatsociety'sartmayalsoreflecttheculture'ssocialstratification.題目：

1.Accordingtothepassage,gold,copper,andsilverare(A)moredifficulttohandlethanwoodand(B)oftheirstablesocialconditions(C)oftheuniquestylisticfeaturesoftheirart(D)availableonlyinspecificlocations2.Thewordconclusiveinline7isclosestinmeaningto(A)definitive(B)controversial(C)concurrent(D)realistic3.Thewordapparentinline8isclosestinmeaningto(A)attractive(B)logical(C)evident(D)distinct4.Whydoestheauthormentionthesupernaturalpowersofastoneortreeinline10?

(A)toshowthatsomesculptorsavoidworkingwithspecificmaterials(B)toemphasizetheunusualpropertiesofcertainmaterials(C)asanexampleofhowartcanbeinfluencedbyculturalbeliefs(D)asanillustrationoftheimpactoftheenvironmentonreligiousbeliefs5.Theworditinline13refersto(A)realization(B)society(C)extent(D)influence6.ItcanbeinferredthattheauthormentionstheJapaneseandRomansocietiesbecause(A)theyinfluencedeachotherstone(B)commonlyusedbyartistsinallsocieties(C)essentialtocreateceremonialobjects(D)theyusedthesameartisticmaterialinverydifferentways7.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingstatementsaboutsandaretrueEXCEPT(A)Itisusedtocreateglass.(B)Romanartistsmixitintotheirpaints.(C)Itsusevariesfromculturetoculture.(D)Japaneseartistsuseittocreateartisticpatterns.8.ThewordMoreoverinline16isclosestinmeaningto(A)similarly(B)inaddition(C)incontrast(D)frequently9.Thewordpreoccupationinline20isclosestinmeaningto(A)involvement(B)separation(C)relationship(D)argument10.Thewordprimaryinline21isclosestinmeaningto(A)discrete(B)preliminary(C)ideal(D)fundamental答案：?DACCBDBBAD也許藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作反映人們生活方式的最明顯方式是反映環(huán)境——一種文化可用的材料和技術(shù)。石頭、木材、樹皮、粘土和沙子是通?？捎玫牟牧稀４送?，根據(jù)地點的不同，還可以獲得其他資源：貝殼、角、金、銅和銀。人類學(xué)家對社會將這些材料用于的不同用途很感興趣，他們可能會問，例如，當這兩種材料都可用時，為什么人們選擇使用粘土而不是銅。雖然目前還沒有確鑿的答案，但一個社會看待環(huán)境的方式有時在藝術(shù)材料的選擇和使用中是顯而易見的。例如，某些金屬的使用可能保留用于具有特殊重要性的禮儀物品?；蛘?，對石頭或樹木的超自然力量的信仰可能會導(dǎo)致雕塑家對這種材料敏感。對人類學(xué)家來說，特別有意義的是認識到，盡管一個社會可