高考英語培優(yōu)增分一輪人教經(jīng)典版特訓選修772Unit2Robotsa

Ⅰ.閱讀理解AFormanyyears,machineshavebeendoingworkthatpeopleoncedid,includingsomedifficultjobs.Searchandrescueoperationsindangerousenvironmentsareoftenseenasthefirstareasthatwillemployhightechnologyrobots.Butthereisanotherareawheretheymaysoontakejobstraditionallyheldbyhumanbeings:therestaurantindustry.TeamsfromaroundtheworldpetedinearlyJuneattheDARPARoboticChallengeFinalsinCalifornia.AteamfromSouthKoreaanditsrobot,calledDRC-Hubo,wonthefirstplaceinthepetition.ThesecondandthirdplacewinnerswerefromtheUnitedStates.Therobotswererequiredtodriveavehicle,climbupstepsanddomechanicalwork.Suchactivitiesareeasyforhumanstoperform,butmoredifficultformachines.Notallofthepetitorsweresuccessful.Thefailuresshowedhowdifficultitistodesigneffectivewalkingmachines.AkihiroSuzukiworksatYaskawaElectric,apanythatdevelopsrobots.Hesaysrobotscannotdoeverythingahumancan,buttheyareabletoworkwithoutbeingtired.Hesaysrobotscannottastefood,changeheatinglevelsorseasoningstogetthebestflavor(風味).Buthesaysifafoodcanbeeasilyprepared,arobotcanrepeatthesamemovementtoreproducethesamemeal.OneJapanesewomanwhosawtherobotsworkingwantedtobringthemhome.MasayoMorisaysshewouldliketohaveahusbandwhocouldworklikearobot.SuzumoMachineryshoweditssushi(壽司)makerrobot.ItperformstheoftendifficultworkofwrappingthepopularJapanesefood.HiroshiMondenisanofficialwiththepany.Hesayspeopleallovertheworldnoweatsushi,buttherearenotenoughskilledworkerstoprepareit.Hesayshismachinecanhelpanyonemakesushi.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。全文主要介紹了可以在餐飲業(yè)中應(yīng)用的機器人。1．InParagraph1,theauthortellsus________.A．robotsjustdodifficultjobsB．robotsaresometimesdangerousC．robotsarewidelyusedinourlifeD．robotsaregraduallyreplacinghumans答案：C段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“Formanyyears,machineshavebeendoingworkthatpeopleoncedid,includingsomedifficultjobs.”及最后一句中的“therestaurantindustry”可知，機器人正在做著以前由人類做的工作，包括一些困難的工作，且機器人還被應(yīng)用于餐飲業(yè)。由此可知，機器人正被廣泛應(yīng)用于我們的生活中。故選C項。2．WhydidsometeamsfailattheDARPARoboticChallengeFinals?A．Theirrobotscannotbeappliedathome.B．Preparingfoodisreallydifficultforrobots.C．Theyfailedtodesigneffectivewalkingrobots.D．Theirrobotscanjustrepeatthesamemovement.答案：C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句可知，有些參賽者的失敗表明設(shè)計行走機器人有多難。故選C項。3．Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat________.A．JapanesemenarelazyB．robotsarepopularinJapanC．JapanhasadvancedhightechnologyD．robotsusuallytakethejobofmakingsushiinJapan答案：B推理判斷題。文章最后一段舉了兩個事例，一是一位看到機器人工作的日本女士想要把它們帶回家，二是日本人用機器人做壽司，這兩個例子都表明機器人在日本是很受歡迎的。故選B項。4．Inwhichcolumncanweprobablyseethetext?A．Science. B．Culture.C．Health. D．Education.答案：A推理判斷題。本文主要介紹機器人在餐飲業(yè)中的應(yīng)用，屬于科技類，有可能來自于科學欄目。故選A項。BEverywhereIlookoutsidemyhomeIseepeoplebusyontheirhigh－techdevices,whiledriving,walking,shopping,evensittingintoilets.Whenconnectedelectronically,theyareawayfromphysicalreality.Peoplehavebeeninfluencedtobeetechnologyaddicted.Onesurveyreportedthat“addicted”wasthewordmostmonlyusedbypeopletodescribetheirrelationshiptoiPadandsimilardevices.Onestudyfoundthatpeoplehadahardertimeresistingtheallureofsocialmediathantheydidforsleep,cigarettesandalcohol.Themaingoaloftechnologypaniesistogetpeopletospendmoremoneyandtimeontheirproducts,nottoactuallyimproveourqualityoflife.Theyhavesuccessfullycreatedaculturaldisease.Consumerswillinglygiveuptheirfreedom,moneyandtimetocatchuponthelatestinformation,tokeeppacewiththeirpeersortoappearmodern.Iseepeopletrappedinapathological(病態(tài)的)relationshipwithtime－suckingtechnology,wheretheyservetechnologymorethantechnologyservesthem.Icallthistechnologyservitude.Iamreferringtoalossofpersonalfreedomandindependencebecauseofuncontrolledconsumptionofmanykindsofdevicesthateatuptimeandmoney.Whatisahealthyuseoftechnologydevices?Thatisthevitalquestion.Whoisreallyinchargeofmylife?Thatiswhatpeopleneedtoaskthemselvesifwearetohaveanychanceofbreakingupfalsebeliefsabouttheiruseoftechnology.Whenwecanlivehappilywithoutusingsomuchtechnologyforadayoraweek,thenwecanregaincontrolandpersonalfreedom,beethemasteroftechnologyanddiscoverwhatthereistoenjoyinlifefreeoftechnology.MaeWestisfamousforproclaimingthewisdomthat“toomuchofagoodthingiswonderful”.Butit'stimetodiscoverthatitdoesnotworkfortechnology.RichardFernandez,anexecutivecoachatGoogleacknowledgedthat“wecanbesweptawaybyourtechnologies”.Tobreakthegranddigitalconnectionpeoplemustconsiderhowlifelongagocouldbefantasticwithouttoday'soverusedtechnology.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章作者通過分析人們過度使用和依賴現(xiàn)代科技設(shè)備的種種弊端，呼吁大眾減少對高科技設(shè)備的過度依賴，回歸真實生活。5．Theunderlinedword“allure”inParagraph2probablymeans“________”．A．a(chǎn)dvantage B．a(chǎn)ttractionC．a(chǎn)daption D．a(chǎn)ttempt答案：B詞義猜測題。該詞所在句中的resist“抵制”，再結(jié)合上句中的“addicted”，即人們對現(xiàn)代高科技產(chǎn)品的迷戀可知，畫線詞與attraction意義接近，意為“吸引”。故選B。6．Fromthepassage,technologypaniesaimto________.A．a(chǎn)ttractpeopletobuytheirproductsB．providethelatestinformationC．improvepeople'squalityoflifeD．dealwithculturaldiseases答案：A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句話可知從這篇文章來看，技術(shù)公司目標是吸引人們來買他的產(chǎn)品。故選A。7．Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethatpeople________.A．considertoomuchtechnologywonderfulB．haverealizedtheharmofhigh-techdevicesC．canregainfreedomwithouthigh-techdevicesD．mayenjoylifebetterwithoutoverusedtechnology答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句話可推斷出人們?nèi)绻贿^度使用科技，可以更好地享受生活。故選D。8．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardstheoverusingofhigh-techdevices?A．Neutral. B．Sceptical.C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic.答案：C觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容來看，作者指出了人們過度使用科技的種種弊端，所以作者對過度使用高科技設(shè)備的態(tài)度是反對。故選C。Ⅱ.七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。[2018·安徽江南十校第二次聯(lián)考]LittleHabitsMakeaBigDifferenceEverythingaroundusischangingatanamazingspeed,itseems—butsomethingswillalwaysremainthesame.__1__Someofourdailyhabitshavethepowertoalwaysgiveushappinessandleadtowardsuccess.Herearesomelittlehabitsthatcanmakeabigdifference:1.__2__Manystudieshavelinkedearlyrisingwithsuccess.Anearlymorningwake-upcarriesbenefitsincludingbetterplanningandanticipation(預(yù)料)ofproblems,andmoretimetodothethingsthatmakeyouhappy.2．Happinessestothosewhoarecurious.__3__Aslongasyoulive,therewillalwaysbesomethingtolearn,andaslongasyoufollowyourheartandyourpassions,youwon'tmissoutonlearning.3．Believeinyourselfandallthatyouare.__4__Confidenceisthekeytosuccess—thethingthatletsyoulookatthepastwithoutregret,staygroundedinthepresent,andprepareforthefuturewithoutfear.4.Adaywellspentgetsyouagoodnightsleep.Enoughsleepmakesyoufeelhealthierandhappier,andit'smorethanliftingupyourselforremovingexhaustion(疲憊).Adequatesleepisakeypartofyourhealthandinnerhappiness.__5__Itdoesn'ttakeahugeefforttomakeasignificantchangeinyourlife—usingoneortwotinyhabitsmaybeallyouneed.Getstartedtodayandyou'llsoonexperiencetherewards.A．That'swhyhabitsaresopowerful.B．Thegroundworkofallhappinessisgoodhealth.C．Earlytorisemakesyouhealthy,wealthy,andwise.D．Thehabitofrespectmeanstreatingeveryonewithkindness.E．Nothingwillevermakeyouhappierthanhavingfaithinyourself.F．Whenyourestbetter,youcanlivebetterandachievemorehappiness.G．Thereisnostageinlifewhenwecan'tbelearningsomethingvaluable.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個雖小，但是卻可以對人生產(chǎn)生重大影響的習慣。1．A上文表述雖然我們周圍的一切變化的速度非?？欤怯行┦虑榭偸遣蛔?，由下一句內(nèi)容“Someofourdailyhabitshavethepowerto...”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是指習慣的力量。故選A項，其中的powerful與下句中的havethepower相呼應(yīng)。2．C根據(jù)下文可知，本段介紹的是早起的好處，并由設(shè)空后一句中的關(guān)鍵詞“earlyrising”“success”可確定C項內(nèi)容符合語境，故選C項。3．G本段主題是保持好奇心的人總會感到幸福。根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的“人只要活著，總有要學習的東西”可知，G項(人生中的任何一個階段都能夠?qū)W到珍貴的東西)符合語境，故選G項。4．E根據(jù)本段主題句“Believeinyourselfandallthatyouare.”及設(shè)空后的“Confidenceisthekeytosuccess”可知，本段介紹的是要相信自己，自信是成功的關(guān)鍵，E項中的“havingfaithinyourself”正是此意，故選E項。5．F根據(jù)上文可知，本段講述了休息的重要性，休息得越好，才會感到更加幸福，故選F項。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OurgroupSpringhillBaptistChurchstartedafoodpantry(食品儲藏室)tohelpoutmembersofthemunity.Aspartoftheprogram,webuythefoodthatwill__1__(distribute)andmakeboxesfordistribution.Wedothison__2__regularbasis—thesecondMondayofeverymonth.Oneday,asmyfriendandI__3__(load)ourgrocerycartswiththenecessaryitemsinthestore,agentlemanaskedus,“__4__doyougetsomanyitems？”Weexplainedweweredoingour__5__(month)groceryshoppingandgavehimsomedetailsaboutourprogram.__6__(say)thatitwasgreat,hewentonwithhisbusiness.Aftergatheringeverythingonourlist,westartedunloadingthefoodtocheckoutatthecounter,only__7__(inform)bythecashierthatourbillhadalreadybeenpaid.Thegentlemanwhoaskedaboutour__8__(intend)hadlefthiscreditcardnumbertopay__9__ourorderandthenwalkedoff.Hehadnoideawhatthecostwasbeforeheleft.Wewere__10__(extreme)shockedatthegenerosityofastranger.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者和朋友去為食品儲藏室購買食物時遇到了一位紳士，他在得知作者他們的意圖后悄悄地為他們支付了賬單。1．bedistributed考查動詞的語態(tài)。作為計劃的一部分，我們購買食物并將其進行分配。food與distribute之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)?？涨笆乔閼B(tài)動詞will，故填bedistributed。2．a(chǎn)考查冠詞。我們定期這樣做——每個月的第二個星期一。onaregularbasis意為“定期地”。3．wereloading考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。當“我”和朋友在商店里正往購物車里裝必需品時，一位紳士向我們問道。根據(jù)下文中的“weweredoingour...”可知，此處表示過去某個時間點正在進行的動作，應(yīng)用過去進行時；句子的主語是myfriendandI，是復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填wereloading。4．Why考查疑問詞。根據(jù)下文的“Weexplainedweweredoingour...”可知，這位紳士是在問“你們?yōu)槭裁促I這么多物品”，故填疑問詞Why表示“為什么”。5．monthly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。我們解釋道我們正在做我們每月一次的食品雜貨購物，并給他說了一些關(guān)于我們這個計劃的細節(jié)。根據(jù)空前的“our”及空后的“groceryshopping”可知，此處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語。上文的“everymonth”暗示這里填monthly“每月的，每月一次的”。6．Saying考查非謂語動詞。逗號后面的句子已有主要動詞作謂語，且兩句間無連詞，故空處所在部分是非謂語動詞，此處表示伴隨狀況，且he與say之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。7．tobeinformed考查非謂語動詞。作者他們在柜臺卸下食物結(jié)賬時，意外地被收銀員告知他們的賬單已經(jīng)被支付了。only后接不定式表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，inform與其邏輯主語之間是動賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用不定式的被動式。8．intention考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的“aboutour”可知，此處要填名詞，intention意為“意圖，目的”。9．for考查介詞。payforsth.是固定搭配，意為“為……而付錢，負擔……的費用”。故填for。10．extremely考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。這位陌生人的慷慨使我們非常震驚。應(yīng)用副詞修飾形容詞，故填extremely。Ⅳ.書面表達你的美國筆友Bob對釣魚很有興趣，請你根據(jù)以下要點，寫出你和你的爸爸暑假期間某天去釣魚的經(jīng)歷，通過電子郵件發(fā)給Bob，讓他分享你