2025版新教材高中英語Unit3FascinatingParksSectionⅣ寫作指導(dǎo)提能作業(yè)新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

UNIT3SectionⅣⅠ.閱讀理解(2024·上海市宜川中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期中)BecauseofthepoliticsandhistoryofAfrica,wildanimalsthere,whichareinterestedinfindingfoodandwaternotinpolitics,areintrouble.Inthepast,therewerenobordersbetweenAfricancountries,andtheanimalscouldtravelfreelyaccordingtotheseasonortheweather.However,inthe19thand20thcenturies,thecontinentwasdividedupintocoloniesandthenintonations.Fenceswereputupalongtheborders,sotheanimalscouldnolongermoveaboutfreely.Somecountriesdecidedtoprotecttheiranimalsbycreatingnationalparks.KrugerNationalPark,createdinSouthAfricain1926,wasoneofthefirst.Bytheendofthetwentiethcentury,ithadbecomeanimportanttouristattractionandahomeformanykindsofanimals.Amongthese,therewereabout9,000elephants,toomanyforthespaceinthepark.Itwasnotpossibletoletanyelephantsleavethepark,however.Theywouldbekilledbyhunters,ortheymightdamagepropertyorhurtpeople.SouthAfricanparkofficialsbegantolookforothersolutionstotheelephantproblem.Asearlyas1990,thegovernmentsofSouthAfricaandMozambiquehadbeguntalkingaboutforminganewparktogether.In1997,Zimbabweagreedtoaddsomeofitslandtothepark.AnewparkwouldcombinetheKrugerNationalParkwithparksinMozambiqueandZimbabwe.Therewouldbenonationalborderfenceswithinthepark,sothatelephantsandotheranimalsfromthecrowdedKrugerParkcouldmovetoareasofMozambiqueandZimbabwe.Thisnew“transfrontier”parkwouldcover13,150squaremiles(35,000squarekilometers)．Theideaofatransfrontierparkinterestedseveralinternationalagencies,whichgavemoneyandtechnicalassistancetoMozambiquetohelpbuilditspartofthepark.InApril2001,thenewparkwasopened,withnewbordersandanewname:TheGreatLimpopoTransfrontierPark.AbordergatewasopenedbetweenKrugerNationalParkandMozambique,andsevenelephantswereallowedthrough.Theywerethefirstof1,000elephantsthatwouldbetransferredtotheworld'sgreatestanimalpark.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。為了解決克格魯國家公園面臨的空間不足的問題，非洲三個國家一起合作建立了一個新的公園。1．ThepassagebeginswithB.A．a(chǎn)commonsense B．a(chǎn)factC．a(chǎn)mysteriesevent D．a(chǎn)theory解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Inthepast,there...aboutfreely.”可知，之前動物可以在陸地自由走動，但是因?yàn)閲业某闪?，設(shè)立邊界后，動物就不能在國家間自由地走動了，因此文章是由講解并描述過去的事實(shí)起先的，故選B。2．WhichofthefollowingwasaproblemfacingKrugerNationalPark？AA．Itwasnotbigenoughtoholdallitselephants.B．Alotofhuntersslippedintohuntanimals.C．AsthefirstnationalparkinAfrica,itwasnotwelldesigned.D．Toomuchtourismdidgreatdamagetoit.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Amongthese,therewereabout9,000elephants,toomanyforthespaceinthepark.”可知，克格魯國家公園面臨的問題是它沒有足夠多的空間來容納全部的大象，故選A。3．Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthenewpark？CA．Itisdividedintothreepartsbyfencesalongborders.B．Itisbuiltmainlyforelephantsratherthanotheranimals.C．ItislocatedacrosstheborderofSouthAfricaandMozambique.D．ItistheresultofatalkbetweenMozambiqueandsomeinternationalagencies.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Therewould...13,150squaremiles(35,000squarekilometers)．”可知，這是一個“跨境公園”，由此可推知，這個新的公園跨越南非和津巴布韋，故選C。4．ThepassagetalksmainlyaboutC.A．howinternationalaidhasfunctionedinAfricaB．howtheKrugerNationalParkwillsaveitselephantsC．howthreeAfricancountriescooperatedtomakeanewparkD．howmanyAfricananimalshavesufferedbecauseofnaturaldisasters解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，本文主要講解并描述三個國家一起致力于新公園的建設(shè)來解決大象生存空間的問題，故選C。Ⅱ.七選五依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2024·1月浙江高考卷)Withgaspricesrisingandairportsecuritylinessnakinglongerthanever,whynotbookyournextdomesticvacationonatrain?Comparedtootheralternatives,it'scomfortableandrelaxing.Hereissomeadviceonhowtomakeatripbyrailaspleasantaspossible.Planahead.Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,selloutveryquickly.1.DButnomatterwhenyoutravel,it'sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.Useatravelagent.Considerturningyourtravelplanovertoatravelagentandlettinghimdouble-checkallthedetails,makesuggestions,andthenhandletheactualreservations.Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.2.GThenyouwon'thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.Bringablanket.Whenyou'reridingontrains,youwon'tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.3.CInthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.Arriveearly.Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.4.ENote:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparturetimes,notarrivaltimes.Havefun.5.AReadabook,knit,doacrosswordpuzzle,orsimplywatchtheworldunfoldoutsidethewindow.Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide3,600(thenumberofsecondsinanhour)bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile(thedistancebetweentwomileposts).Ifittakesthetrain53secondstotravelonemile,you'regoing67.92mph.A．Traintripsaren'tforimpatienttypes.B．You'llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.C．Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.D．That'sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.E．Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.F．Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.G．Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat'srightnexttothediner.文章大意：本文是說明文。文章講解并描述一些關(guān)于如何使坐火車旅行盡可能歡樂的建議。解析：1．依據(jù)上文“Planahead.Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,selloutveryquickly.(提前支配。大多數(shù)長途火車，尤其是臥鋪，很快就賣光了。)”以及下文“Butnomatterwhenyoutravel,it'sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.(但無論你什么時候去旅行，最好至少提前90天預(yù)訂。)”可知，大多數(shù)長途火車的臥鋪很簡潔被定完，所以要提前支配預(yù)定，D項(xiàng)“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此?！狈险Z境，D項(xiàng)中“busysummermonths”與前后文呼應(yīng)，說明勞碌的夏季尤其須要提前支配。故選D項(xiàng)。2．依據(jù)上文“Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.(一個好的旅行社有時可以幫你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Thenyouwon'thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.(這樣你就不必為了吃飯而每天三次在行駛的火車上穿過幾節(jié)車廂了。)”可知，好的旅行社幫你預(yù)定，不僅可以找到打折的票，還可以節(jié)約從臥鋪到餐車的距離，G項(xiàng)中“bookyouinasleepingcarthat'srightnexttothediner”與前后文對應(yīng)，因此推斷G項(xiàng)“他可能還會給你預(yù)訂餐廳旁邊的臥鋪車廂。”符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)。3．依據(jù)上文“Whenyou'reridingontrains,youwon'tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.(當(dāng)你乘坐火車時，你不會免費(fèi)獲得一條毯子，即使你的旅行是過夜的。)”以及下文“Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.(特別是在夏天，空調(diào)會讓他們很冷。)”可知，這里提到了車廂內(nèi)溫度的問題，提示乘客最好自備毛毯，C項(xiàng)中“Thetemperatureonrailcars”與前后文對應(yīng)，因此推斷C項(xiàng)“列車上的溫度通常很難限制。”符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。4．依據(jù)上文“Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.(大多數(shù)火車每天只開一趟，有些火車一周只開三趟，所以錯過你的火車可能是一場災(zāi)難。)”以及下文“Note:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparturetimes,notarrivaltimes.(留意：時刻表上列出的時間是動身時間，不是到達(dá)時間。)”可知，本段提示要提前支配時間，錯過時間是很麻煩的事情，E項(xiàng)中“Youmighthavetowaitlonger”與前后文對應(yīng)，說明錯過火車導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，因此推斷E項(xiàng)“你可能要等超過24小時才能趕上下一班。”符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)。5．依據(jù)上文“Havefun.(玩得歡樂)”以及下文“Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide3,600(thenumberofsecondsinanhour)bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile(thedistancebetweentwomileposts)．”(要計算你的速度，用3600(一小時的秒數(shù))除以你走一英里(兩個里程碑之間的距離)所花費(fèi)的秒數(shù)。)”可知，本段講解并描述如何度過乘車時間，A項(xiàng)中講到火車旅行不適合沒有耐性的人與后文要計算時間，用不同的方式打發(fā)時間對應(yīng)，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(2024·湖南省長郡中學(xué)下學(xué)期高一期中)TwodolphinsracearoundinabigpoolintheOceanPark.Thesmallerdolphin,Grace,showsoffafewofher1.B,turningaroundandwavinghellotothe2.A.Themostamazingthingabouther,however,isthatshe'sevenswimmingatall.Shedoesn'thavea3.B.Gracelosthertailasababywhenshe4.Cinafishtrap.WhenthedolphinarrivedattheOceanParkinDecember2005,shewas5.Aforherlife.Overthepastsixyears,shehaslearnedtoswimwithouthertail.Grace6.Bherselftomoveanotherway—likeafish!Shepushesherself7.Dthroughthewaterbymovingherpeduncle(背鰭)fromsidetoside.The8.CputharmfulpressureonGrace'sbackbone.Soacompany9.Btocreateaman-madetailforher.Thetailhadtobe10.DenoughtostayonGraceassheswambutsoftenoughthatitwouldn't11.Aher.ThefirsttimeGraceworetheman-madetail,shesoon12.Citoffandletitsinktothebottomofthepool.Now,sheisstilllearningtousethetail.Thismonth,GracewillstarinDolphinTale,afilmthatfocusesonher13.Dandrecovery.Herprogresshasinspiredmorethanjustanewmovie.Manypeopletravelfromnearandfarto14.Cher.SeeingGraceswimwithherman-madetailgivespeoplesomuch15.A.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了失去尾巴的Grace(格雷絲)在海洋館里戴著人造尾巴努力地生活，帶給人們歡樂。1．A.hobbies B．tricksC．inventions D．greetings解析：依據(jù)后文“turningaroundandwavinghellotothe”可知，海豚在表演自己的技巧。故選B。2．A.crowd B．keepersC．partner D．enemies解析：依據(jù)前文“TwodolphinsracearoundinabigpoolintheOceanPark.”可知，這兩只海豚在海洋公園表演給人們看。故選A。3．A.choice B．tailC．baby D．head解析：依據(jù)后文“Gracelosthertail”可知，它沒有了尾巴。故選B。4．A.waslost B．turnedupC．gotcaughtup D．stayedup解析：依據(jù)后文“inafishtrap”可知，Grace小時候纏到了漁網(wǎng)中，失去了自己的尾巴。故選C。5．A.fighting B．waitingC．caring D．longing解析：依據(jù)前文“Gracelosthertailasababywhenshe4inafishtrap.”可知，Grace失去了尾巴，生活很艱辛，剛到海洋館時，很努力地活著。故選A。6．A.explored B．taughtC．led D．caused解析：依據(jù)前文“Overthepastsixyears,shehaslearnedtoswimwithouthertail.”可知，Grace自學(xué)游泳。故選B。7．A.upward B．downwardC．backward D．forward解析：依據(jù)前文“Grace6herselftomoveanotherway—likeafish！”可知，Grace學(xué)會了像魚一樣在水中向前游泳。故選D。8．A.idea B．a(chǎn)ttemptsC．movements D．success解析：依據(jù)前文“bymovingherpeduncle(背鰭)fromsidetoside”可知，像魚一樣運(yùn)動(游泳)對Grace有害。故選C。9．A.pretended B．offeredC．happened D．managed解析：依據(jù)前文“The8putharmfulpressureonGrace'sbackbone.”以及后文“tocreateaman-madetailforher”可知，一家公司情愿為它供應(yīng)人造尾巴來減輕用背鰭游泳的損害。故選B。10．A.big B．longC．cute D．strong解析：此處指在Grace游泳的時候尾巴必需足夠堅(jiān)實(shí)才不會脫落。故選D。11．A.hurt B．a(chǎn)nnoyC．embarrass D．kill解析：hurt“損害”；annoy“苦惱”；embarrass“使尷尬”；kill“殺害”。依據(jù)“softenough(足夠松軟)”可知，人造尾巴必需松軟，才能不損害到小海豚。故選A。12．A.took B．preferredC．shook D．cut解析：依據(jù)后文“l(fā)etitsinktothebottomofthepool”可知，Grace剛戴上這個尾巴時，很不適應(yīng)，把它甩落了。故選C。13．A.range B．behaviorC．nature D．rescue解析：依據(jù)前文“Gracelosthertailas...shewas5forherlife.”以及后文“recovery”可知，Grace被救回來，送到了海洋公園。故選D。14．A.help B．foolC．meet D．a(chǎn)pproach解析：依據(jù)后文的“Seeing”可知，此處指Grace的故事吸引了很多人前來看它的表演。故選C。15．A.courage B．experienceC．fun D．equipment解析：依據(jù)前文可知，Grace小時候失去了尾巴，但是照舊努力地活著，帶給人們歡樂，這給了人們很大的生活志氣，鼓舞了人們。故選A。Ⅳ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2024·全國乙卷)Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutong1.toroyalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully2.built(build)systemofringroads.Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace3.which/thatwelcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitectural4.wonders(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn'twork,5.butsomehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.6.Havingvisited(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,I7.wasamazed(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears8.recording(record)everythingIdiscovered.The9.remarkable(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,10.means(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了北京這座城市的古老建筑和現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展之間的獨(dú)特結(jié)合，同時探討了城市如何在不斷發(fā)展的同時疼惜其豐富的遺產(chǎn)。作者作為一名攝影師，記錄了這座城市的變更，并表示將來還會接著拍攝北京的風(fēng)貌。1．考查介詞。句意：從佛教寺廟到博物館，從狹窄的胡同到皇家宮殿，它擁有3000多年的輝煌歷史，甚至從它的布局來看，這座城市始終保持著細(xì)心建立的環(huán)城道路系統(tǒng)。依據(jù)上文的“FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums”可知，空處和上文保持一樣，表示“從……到……”，用介詞to。故填to。2．考查非謂語動詞。句意：從佛教寺廟到博物館，狹窄的胡同和皇家宮殿，它是3000多年輝煌歷史的家園，即使是在它的布局上，這座城市也保持著細(xì)心建立的環(huán)城公路系統(tǒng)。這里為非謂語動詞充當(dāng)定語，表示“細(xì)心建立的……”，和被修飾詞“systemofringroads”之間為被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞。故填built。3．考查定語從句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一個歡迎現(xiàn)代生活快節(jié)奏發(fā)展的地方，21世紀(jì)的建筑奇跡與過去的歷史建筑并存。這里為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞，先行詞為“aplace”，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。故填which/that。4．考查名詞。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一個歡迎現(xiàn)代生活快節(jié)奏發(fā)展的地方，21世紀(jì)的建筑奇跡與過去的歷史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空處為名詞形式；依據(jù)下文的“historicalbuildingsofthepast”可知，空處為名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填wonders。5．考查連詞。句意：但不知何故，這兩個迥然不同的世界卻很好地結(jié)合在了一起?？涨啊癐tisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn'twork，”和空后“somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.”之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but。故填but。6．考查非謂語動詞。句意：在過去的10年里，我多次訪問北京，我驚異于這里的新舊共存，驚異于一個城市如何在不斷發(fā)展的同時保持如此豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。這里為非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語，和主句主語“I”之間為主動關(guān)系；依據(jù)時間狀語“overthelast10years”可知，用完成時態(tài)，由此推斷，空處用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時態(tài)。置于句首，首字母大寫。故填Havingvisited。7．考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在過去的10年里，我多次訪問北京，我驚異于這里的