人教版必修一Unit4Naturaldisasters核心詞匯學案

2021-2022學年人教版(2019)必修一：Unit4Naturaldisasters核心詞匯

1.rescue

(l)n.援救，營救；營救行動

常見用法：come/gotoone'srescue來/去營救某人

例：Arealfriendistheonewhocomestoyourrescueinyourhourofneed.

其他搭配：rescueworkers救援人員

therescueteam救援隊

(2)v.營救;援救

常見用法：rescue…from…把...從....營救出來

彳列：Arescueworkerfromtherescueteamrescuedaboyfromtheriver.

【巧學助記】

1.Theyaretryingtorescuethecompanyruin.

2.Alotofsoldiersweresenttothecity(rescue)thosewhoaretrappedinthebuilding.

3.Thatwoman,togetherwithhertwochildren,(被從..

營救出來)thesinkingboatbyapassingboat.

4.Whentheseminersweretrappedinthecoalmine,thefirefighters(來營救他

們).

2.damage

(l)n.損壞；損失；損害賠償金(常用復數)

常見用法：do/causedamageto對...造成損害

例：Throwingtherubbisheverywherewilldo/causeseriousdamagetoourenvironment.

(2)vt.損害；破壞

常見搭配：bebadly/seriously/slightlydamaged遭受嚴重/輕微損害

例J：Mycarwasbadlydamaged,butluckilythekidswerenotseriouslyhurt.

【巧學助記】

1.Eatingtoomuchmeatonetimewilldodamageyourstomach.

2.Damage(cause)bytheearthquakedisasterwasveryserious.

3.Davidthreatenedtoreporthisneighbortothepoliceifthe(damage)werenotpaid.

4.這場事故不是很嚴重。那輛汽車只是輕微受損。

Itwasn'taseriousaccident.Thecar.

3.destroyvt.破壞，摧毀，毀滅

常見用法：becompletely/totallydestroyed被徹底摧毀

destroyone^life/faith/hope/confidence毀掉某人的生活/信仰/希望/信心

例：TheoldSummerPalacewasdestroyedinthefirein1860andanumberofculturalrelicswere

lost.

Thefailureintheexamdidn'tdestroyherconfidenceandsheworkedharderbefore.

K詞匯拓屣》

destructionn.破壞；毀滅

destructiveadj.毀滅性的，引起破壞的

【巧學助記】

1.Ahugeamountofenvironmentaldamagehasbeenbroughtaboutbythe(destroy)of

therainforest.

2.Earthquakesareamongthemost(destroy)naturaldisasters.Itcanstrikewithout

warning.

3.Mr.Smithwascaughtinarainstormyesterdayandhisnewcar(destroy)

completely.

4.Thisaccident(毀掉了他的自信).Ittookhimalongtimetocheerup.

3.affect

(1)vt.影響toproduceachangeinsb.

例：MyteacheraffectedmealotwhenIwasyoung.

(2)vt.深深打動；使悲傷/憐憫等

ManypeoplewereaffectedbythedeathofYuanLongping,thefatherofhybridrice.

(3)(疾病)侵襲；使感染

例：COVID-19affectedmanypeoplearoundtheworldin2020.

7糜VI

affectionn.喜愛；鐘愛

haveanaffectionfor喜愛...

affectingadj.動人的，感人的

【巧學助記】

1.Thankstothegovernment'said,those(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothe

safety.

2.Deeply(affect)bythestoryofthegirlwhoseeyesight(affect)bythe

disease,allthestudentsmovedintotears.

3.1feelalotof(affect)fbrmygrandmother,whooftentellsmesome(affect)

stories.

5.shelter

(l)n.避難所；庇護；居所

常見用法：undertheshelterof在...的庇護下

takeshelterfrom躲避...

例：Thehedgehog(刺猬)tookshelterfromtherainunderthemushroom.

Theyenjoyedtheirpicnicundertheshelterofahugetree.

(2)vl.保護；掩蔽vi.躲避(風雨或危險)

常見用法:shelter...from...保護...免收....

shelterfrom...躲避...

例：Treesshelterthehousefromthewind.

Wesatintheshade(背陰處)，shelteringfromthesun.

【巧學助記】

1.Someparentsarejusttooprotective.Theywanttosheltertheirkidseverything.

2.Itisdangeroustotakeshelterrainunderatreeespeciallyduringasummerrainstorm.

3.Wewerecaughtinathunderstorm,withoutanywhere(shelter).

6.ruin

⑴v.破壞；毀壞

常見用法：ruinone'shealth/fame/future毀壞某人的健康/名譽/前途

例：Thismistakeruinedhischancesofgettingtheoffer.

(2)n.破壞；損壞

常見用法：inruins嚴重受損；破敗不堪

gotoruin/fallintoruin衰落；衰敗

reducesth.toruins把某物夷為廢墟

例：Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake.

Theydon'twanttoseeourcountryfallintofinancialruin,orhavechildrengohungry.

ruin嚴重地損壞，側重指破壞事物的內在價值。

例：Theillnesshasruinedmylife.

damage指部分性破壞、損壞，一般還可以修復

例：Youhavedamagedmybike;you'dbettergetitrepaired.

destroy徹底的破壞、損壞，一般不能或很難再修復

例：Thebombcompletelydestroyedthatbuilding.

【巧學助記】

1.Twodayslater,thefightingbetweenthetwocountriesleftthearearuins.

2.Shewentthroughaperiodofemotionaladjustmentafterhercompanyfellruins.

3.Therainourholidayandwehadtochangeourplan.

4.Thecitytookonanewlookafterbeingreducedto(ruin)becauseofanearthquake.

7.shock

(l)n.震驚;令人震驚的事;休克

常見用法:inshock震驚，吃驚

例：He'sstillinastateofshock.

Thenewsofhisdeathcameasagreatshocktoeveryone.

Shewastakentohospitalsufferingfromshock.

(2)vt.(使)震驚

常見用法:Itshockssb.tosee/hear…看至U/聽到...使某人震驚。

例：Itshockedthemtohearthathehadgoneabroad.

聽說他出國的消息，他們驚訝不已。

K詞匯拓展］

(1)shockedadj.驚愕的，震驚的beshockedat/by對..感到震驚

beshockedtodosth.對做某事感到震驚

shockedlook/expression/voice震驚的表情/聲音

(2)shockingadj.令人震驚的，令人憎惡的

It'sshockingthat...........是令人震驚的。

【巧學助記】

1.1lookedatmyhusbandshock,waitingfbrhimtotellmethatIhadmisunderstood

everything.

2.Itshockedme(think)howclosewehadcometobeingkilled.

3.Peoplewere(shock)toseethatthelittlegirlwasoftenbeatenbyherstepmother.The

(shock)news(shock)allthepeoplearound,whichwasalso

shocktoherfatherwhowasworkingabroad.

4.(聽到...讓我震驚)thatthehospitalwasclosingdown.

5.Theparents(對..感到震驚)thenewsthattheirsonneededan

operationonhisknee.

8.trap

(l)vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套；使中計

常見用法：betrappedin困在...中

trapsbinto(doing)sth.誘使某人(做)某事

彳列：Jack'sfriendsoftenturnedtohimforhelpwhentheyweretrappedintrouble.

Thepolicetrappedthethiefintoasituationwherehecouldnotescape.

⑵n.陷阱；圈套

常見用法：lay/setaUapforsb.給某人設下圈套

fall/walkintoatrap落入圈套

例：Thesoldierssetatrapfortheenemy.

Ifyouchoosethisway,youarelikelytofallintoatrap.

【巧學助記】

1.Thinkcarefullybeforeyouanswerquestionsonline.Youmaybetrappedgivingaway

personalinformation.

2.Thesoldiersweresenttothefiood-hitareatosavethepeoplewho(trap)inthe

buildings.

9.bury

(l)vt.埋葬，安葬，覆蓋，遮蓋，掩蓋

常見用法：bury...in...把……埋到……里

buryone'sfaceinone'shands以手掩面

例：Onhearingthenews,sheburiedherfaceintoherhandsandwept.

(2)vt.使陷入；掩藏(感情、錯誤等)

常見用法：beburiedin=buryoneselfin...專心致志于...

例：You'llhavetoburyyourselfinyourstudiesifyouwanttopasstheexam.

【巧學助記】

1.Sinceshemovedhere,she(bury)inherresearchwork.

2.Thevolcanoeruptedandthelavapoureddownthemountain,(bury)severalvillages.

10.breathev.呼吸

常見用法：breathein/out吸氣/呼氣

例：Hisillnessisaresultofbreathinginpaintfumes(油漆氣體)overmanyyears.

Hebreatheddeeplybeforespeakingagain.

breathn.呼吸的空氣;一次吸入的空氣

outofbreath氣喘吁吁,上氣不接下氣

holdone*sbreath屏住呼吸

takeadeepbreath深吸一口氣

loseone'sbreath喘不過氣來

【誤區(qū)警示】

loseone'sbreath與beoutofbreath雖然含義相同，但是loseone'sbreath表示動作,beoutof

breath表示狀態(tài)。

【巧學助記】

1.Themorningairissogood(breathe).

2.Thedoctortoldmeto(深深吸氣)andthen(慢慢

呼氣).

3.Fredenteredwithoutknockingand,(上氣不接下氣)，sank

intoachair.

11.effortn.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力

常見用法：

makeanefforttodosth.盡力做某事

Ittakesefforttodosth.花費精力去做某事

sparenoefforttodosih.不遺余力地做某事

puteffortinto(doing)sth.努力做某事

inanefforttodosth.為了做某事

with/withouteffort費力地/毫不費力地

例：Theyaremakingeffortstoreducepoverty.

Iwillmakeeveryefforttoachievemygoal.

【巧學助記】

1.Weshouldrecognizeourchildren'sefforts（push）themselvesandworkhardto

achieveagoal.

2.Manyparentsarrangeeverythingfortheirchildrenand（不易余地

地）topavethewayfortheirsuccess.

3.China（正在努力）developtheeconomytoimprovethequalityof

people'slives.

4.Lifeisacontinuousprocessoffightingandnoonecanachievesuccess（毫不

費力地）.

12.suffer

（l）vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦，受折磨，常與from連用

常見用法：sufferfromabadcold/thelossofmemory/aheadache/toothache

（2）vt.遭受，蒙受后常跟抽象名詞，相當于experience

常見用法：sufferpain/hardship/adefeat/aloss/punishment

sufferern.受苦者，受難者，患病者

sufferingn.苦難，痛苦；讓人痛苦的事（常用復數）

【巧學助記】

1.Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughmany（suffer）duringthewar.

2.After（suffer）seriousdamagecausedbytheterribleearthquake,thecityrealizedthe

importanceoflivinginharmonywithnature.

3.Manycountries（遭受巨大損失）inthefinancialcrisis.

4.Maryis（身體不好）.

13.supplyn.&vt.

（l）n.供應（量）;補給;[pl.]補給品.

supplyandcommand供求

theelectricity/water/gassupply電力/水/煤氣供應.

medical/reliefsupplies醫(yī)療用品/救援物資

(2)vt.供應;供給

supplysb./sth.withsth.

supplysth.tosb./sth.為某人/某物提供某物

Theysupplythecountrywithoil.=Theysupplyoiltothecountry.他們?yōu)槟莻€國家供應石油。

【詞語辨析】supply,provide與offer

(1)supply尤指大量供應、供給

supplysb.withsth.=supplysth.tosb.

(2)provide強調提供所需之物

providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.-

Iprovidehimwithallhisrights.我向他提供了他的所有權利。

⑶offer強調主動提供offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.

TheydecidedtoofferJothejob.他們決定讓喬做這個工作。

【巧學助記】

1.Atthebeginningofthesemester,students(supply)withalistofbooksthattheyare

expectedtoread.

2.Theywillsupplyustechnologyinsupportwithoutaskingforanythinginreturn.

3.ThisbookwillsupplysomescientificmethodsusinEnglishlearning.

4.Ourschoollibrarycanprovideallkindsofgoodbooksstudents.

5.Finally,themanagerofferedagoodjobme.

14.survive

(1)vt.&vi.(經歷事故、戰(zhàn)爭或疾病后)活下來，幸存(不用于被動語態(tài))。作及物動詞時其后常

品艮war,accident,flood,fire,earthquake,aircrash等詞語。

Shewastheonlypersontosurvivetheaccident.

Hisdoctorsaysit'samiraclethathehassurvived.

(2)vi.&vt.從(困難)中挺過來，艱難渡過

Manybirdsdidn'tsurvivetheseverewinter.

Fvehadtoughfewmonths,butI'llsurvive.

(3)vi.(靠很少的錢)v繼續(xù)維持生活

常見用法：surviveonsth.依靠...生活

Howdoesthefamilysurviveonsuchasmallmonthlywage?

(4)vt.比……活(或存在)的時間長

常見用法：survivesb.by+時間比某人多活...

Shesurvivedherhusbandbytenyears.丈夫去世后她又活了十年。

survivaln.幸存，生存

survivorn.幸存者，生還者

【巧學助記】

1.Inthetrafficaccident,the(survive)wereallbadlyinjured.

2.Earthquakescannotbepredicted,butyourchancesof(survive)aremuchlargerif

youknowwhattodowhenanearthquakestrikes.

3.BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope,survivingentirelydiscardedfood.

4.幸運的是，所有的乘客在這次空難中生還。

Luckily,allthepassengers.

5.他在貧窮的學生時代靠很少的錢度日。

Heduringhisdaysasapoorstudent.

15.strike

(l)vi.&vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵襲;突擊;擊打

常見用法：

bestruckwith/by被...打動

strike...intoone'sheart使...刻骨銘心

Itstrikes/hitssb.that.(=Itoccurstosb.that...)某人突然想起...

strikeamatch劃火柴

striketwelve(鐘)敲12點

You'llbestruckbyherbeautythemomentyouseeher.你一見到她，就會被她的美麗打動。

Itstrikesmethatthemanwasnottellingthetruth.我突然感覺到這個人沒有說實話。

(2)n.罷工;罷課;襲擊

常見用法：

beonstrike在罷工(狀態(tài))

goonstrike舉行罷工(動作)

end/calloffastrike結束罷工

【巧學助記】

一、判斷下列句子中sirike的詞性及含義

1.Thecountrywasstruckbysuchterriblestormsasfewcitizenshadeverexperiencedbefore.

2.Astheclockstrucknine,playerstookuptheirpositionsandthematchbegan.

3.JustbeforeSeptembenMillerwasstruckbyacarandlosthisrightarm.

4.Itstruckherthatshecouldturntoherteacherforhelp.

4.Beforetheflightmadeastopover(中途停留)inFrance,thecaptainannouncedthatbecauseofa

strikenoflightswereleavingParis.

二、結合strike的用法完成句子

1.我突然想起以前在什么地方見過他。

______________________________Ihadmethimsomewhere.

2.我被三峽的天然美景深深打動了。

IthenaturalbeautyoftheThreeGorges.

3.這所學校給我的印象是非常雅致。

Thisschoolveryelegant.

2021-2022學年人教版(2019)必修一：Unit4Naturaldisasters核心詞匯答案版

1.rescue

(l)n.援救，營救；營救行動

常見用法：come/gotoone^rescue來/去營救某人

例：Arealfriendistheonewhocomestoyourrescueinyourhourofneed.

其他搭配：rescueworkers救援人員

therescueteam救援隊

(2)v.營救；援救

常見用法：rescue…from…把...從....營救出來

例：Arescueworkerfromtherescueteamrescuedaboyfromtheriver.

【巧學助記】

1.Theyaretryingtorescuethecompanyruin.

2.Alotofsoldiersweresenttothecity(rescue)thosewhoaretrappedinthebuilding.

3.Thatwoman,togetherwithhertwochildren,(被從..

營救出來)thesinkingboatbyapassingboat.

4.Whentheseminersweretrappedinthecoalmine,thefirefighters(來營救他

們).

【答案】1.from2.torescue3.wasrescuedfrom4.cametotheirrescue

2.damage

(l)n.損壞；損失；損害賠償金(常用復數)

常見用法：do/causedamageto對...造成損害

彳列：Throwingtherubbisheverywherewilldo/causeseriousdamagetoourenvironment.

(2)vt.損害；破壞

常見搭配：bebadly/seriously/slightlydamaged遭受嚴重/輕微損害

例：Mycarwasbadlydamaged,butluckilythekidswerenotseriouslyhurt.

【巧學助記】

1.Eatingtoomuchmeatonetimewilldodamageyourstomach.

2.Damage(cause)bytheearthquakedisasterwasveryserious.

3.Davidthreatenedtoreporthisneighbortothepoliceifthe(damage)werenotpaid.

4.這場事故不是很嚴重。那輛汽車只是輕微受損。

Itwasn'taseriousaccident.Thecar.

【答案】1.to2.caused3.damages4.wasonlyslightlydamaged

3.destroyvt.破壞，摧毀，毀滅

常見用法：becompletely/totallydestroyed被徹底摧毀

destroyone'slife/faith/hope/confidence毀掉某人的生活/信仰/希望/信心

例：TheoldSummerPalacewasdestroyedinthefirein1860andanumberofculturalrelicswere

lost.

Thefailureintheexamdidn'tdestroyherconfidenceandsheworkedharderbefore.

destructionn.破壞；毀滅

destructiveadj.毀滅性的，引起破壞的

【巧學助記】

1.Ahugeamountofenvironmentaldamagehasbeenbroughtaboutbythe(destroy)of

therainforest.

2.Earthquakesareamongthemost(destroy)naturaldisasters.Itcanstrikewithout

warning.

3.Mr.Smithwascaughtinarainstormyesterdayandhisnewcar(destroy)

completely.

4.Thisaccident(毀掉了他的自信).Ittookhimalongtimetocheerup.

【答案】

I.destruction2.destructive3.wasdestroyed

4.destroyedhisconfidence

3.affect

(1)vt.影響toproduceachangeinsb.

例：MyteacheraffectedmealotwhenIwasyoung.

(2)vt.深深打動；使悲傷/憐憫等

ManypeoplewereaffectedbythedeathofYuanLongping,thefatherofhybridrice.

(3)(疾病)侵襲；使感染

例：COVID-19affectedmanypeoplearoundtheworldin2020.

affectionn.喜愛；鐘愛

haveanaffectionfor喜愛...

affectingadj.動人的，感人的

【巧學助記】

1.Thankstothegovernment'said,those(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothe

safety.

2.Deeply(affect)bythestoryofthegirlwhoseeyesight(affect)bythe

disease,allthestudentsmovedintotears.

3.1feelalotof(affect)formygrandmother,whooftentellsmesome(affect)

stories.

【答案】

I.affected2.affected;wasaffected3.affection;affecting

5.shelter

(l)n.避難所；庇護；居所

常見用法：undertheshelterof在...的庇護下

takeshelterfrom躲避...

例：Thehedgehog(刺猬)tookshelterfromtherainunderthemushroom.

Theyenjoyedtheirpicnicundertheshelterofahugetree.

(2)vt.保護;掩蔽vi.躲避(風雨或危險)

常見用法:shelter…保護...免收....

shelterfrom...躲避...

例：Treesshelterthehousefromthewind.

Wesatintheshade(背陰處),shelteringfromthesun.

【巧學助記】

1.Someparentsarejusttooprotective.Theywanttosheltertheirkidseverything.

2.Itisdangeroustotakeshelterrainunderatreeespeciallyduringasummerrainstorm.

3.Wewerecaughtinathunderstorm,withoutanywhere(shelter).

【答案】1.from2.from3.toshelter

6.ruin

(l)v.破壞；毀壞

常見用法：ruinone^health/fame/future毀壞某人的健康/名譽/前途

例：Thismistakeruinedhischancesofgettingtheoffer.

(2)n.破壞；損壞

常見用法：inruins嚴重受損；破敗不堪

gotoruin/fallintoruin衰落；衰敗

reducesth.toruins把某物夷為廢墟

例J：Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake.

Theydon'twanttoseeourcountryfallintofinancialruin,orhavechildrengohungry.

ruin嚴重地損壞，側重指破壞事物的內在價值。

例：Theillnesshasruinedmylife.

damage指部分性破壞、損壞，一般還可以修復

例：Youhavedamagedmybike;you'dbettergetitrepaired.

destroy徹底的破壞、損壞，一般不能或很難再修復

例：Thebombcompletelydestroyedthatbuilding.

【巧學助記】

1.Twodayslater,thefightingbetweenthetwocountriesleftthearearuins.

2.Shewentthroughaperiodofemotionaladjustmentafterhercompanyfellruins.

3.Therainourholidayandwehadtochangeourplan.

4.Thecitytookonanewlookafterbeingreducedto(ruin)becauseofanearthquake.

【答案】

1.in2.into3.ruined4.ruins

7.shock

(l)n.震驚;令人震驚的事;休克

常見用法:inshock震驚，吃驚

例：He'sstillinastateofshock.

Thenewsofhisdeathcameasagreatshocktoeveryone.

Shewastakentohospitalsufferingfromshock.

⑵vt.(使)震驚

常見用法:Itshockssb.tosee/hear...看到/聽到...使某人震驚。

例：Itshockedthemtohearthathehadgoneabroad.

聽說他出國的消息，他們驚訝不已。

(1)shockedadj.驚愕的，震驚的beshockedat/by對..感到震驚

beshockedtodosth.對做某事感到震驚

shockedlook/expression/voice震驚的表情/聲音

(2)shockingadj.令人震驚的，令人憎惡的

Ifsshockingthat...........是令人震驚的。

【巧學助記】

1.1lookedatmyhusbandshock,waitingforhimtotellmethatIhadmisunderstood

everything.

2.Itshockedme(think)howclosewehadcometobeingkilled.

3.Peoplewere(shock)toseethatthelittlegirlwasoftenbeatenbyherstepmother.The

(shock)news(shock)allthepeoplearound,whichwasalso

shocktoherfatherwhowasworkingabroad.

4.(聽到..讓我震驚)thatthehospitalwasclosingdown.

5.Theparents(對..感到震驚)thenewsthattheirsonneededan

operationonhisknee.

【答案】

1.in2.tothink3.shocked;shocking,shocked,a

4.Itshockedmetohear

5.wereshockedby/at

8.trap

(l)vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套；使中計

常見用法：betrappedin困在...中

trapsbinto(doing)sth.誘使某人(做)某事

例：Jack'sfriendsoftenturnedtohimforhelpwhentheyweretrappedintrouble.

Thepolicetrappedthethiefintoasituationwherehecouldnotescape.

⑵n.陷阱；圈套

常見用法：lay/setatrapforsb.給某人設下圈套

fall/walkintoatrap落入圈套

例：Thesoldierssetatrapfbrtheenemy.

Ifyouchoosethisway,youarelikelytofallintoatrap.

【巧學助記】

1.Thinkcarefullybeforeyouanswerquestionsonline.Youmaybetrappedgivingaway

personalinformation.

2.Thesoldiersweresenttotheflood-hitareatosavethepeoplewho(trap)inthe

buildings.

【答案】1.into2.weretrapped

9.bury

(1)vt.埋葬，安葬，覆蓋，遮蓋，掩蓋

常見用法：bury…in…把……埋到……里

buryone'sfaceinone'shands以手掩面

例：Onhearingthenews,sheburiedherfaceintoherhandsandwept.

（2）vt.使陷入；掩藏（感情、錯誤等）

常見用法：beburiedin=buryoneselfin...專心致志于....

例：You'llhavetoburyyourselfinyourstudiesifyouwanttopasstheexam.

【巧學助記】

1.Sinceshemovedhere,she（bury）inherresearchwork.

2.Thevolcanoeruptedandthelavapoureddownthemountain,（bury）severalvillages.

【答案】1.hasburied2.burying

10.breathev.呼吸

常見用法：breathein/out吸氣/呼氣

例：Hisillnessisaresultofbreathinginpaintfumes（油漆氣體）overmanyyears.

Hebreatheddeeplybeforespeakingagain.

breathn.呼吸的空氣;一次吸人的空氣

outofbreath氣喘吁吁,上氣不接下氣

holdone*sbreath屏住呼吸

takeadeepbreath深吸一口氣

loseone'sbreath喘不過氣來

【誤區(qū)警示】

loseone'sbreath與beoutofbreath雖然含義相同，但是loseone'sbreath表示動作,beoutof

breath表示狀態(tài)。

【巧學助記】

1.Themorningairissogood（breathe）.

2.Thedoctortoldmeto（深深吸氣）andthen（慢慢

呼氣）.

3.Fredenteredwithoutknockingand,（上氣不接下氣），sank

intoachair.

【答案】1.tobreathe2.breatheindeeply;breatheoutslowly3.outofbreath

11.effortn.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力

常見用法：

makeanefforttodosth.盡力做某事

Ittakesefforttodosth.花費精力去做某事

sparenoefforttodosth.不遺余力地做某事

puteffortinto(doing)sth.努力做某事

inanefforttodosth.為了做某事

with/withouteffort費力地/毫不費力地

例：Theyaremakingeffortstoreducepoverty.

Iwillmakeeveryefforttoachievemygoal.

【巧學助記】

1.Weshouldrecognizeourchildren'sefforts(push)themselvesandworkhardto

achieveagoal.

2.Manyparentsarrangeeverythingfortheirchildrenand(不易余地

地)topavethewayfbrtheirsuccess.

3.China(正在努力)developtheeconomytoimprovethequalityof

people'slives.

4.Lifeisacontinuousprocessoffightingandnoonecanachievesuccess(毫不

費力地).

【答案］1.topush2.sparenoeffort3.ismakinganeffortto4.withouteffort

12.suffer

(l)vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦，受折磨，常與from連用

:珞'見用法：sufferfromabadcold/thelossofmemory/aheadache/toothache

(2)vt.遭受，蒙受后常跟抽象名詞，相當于experience

常見用法：sufferpain/hardship/adefeat/aloss/punishment

sufferern.受苦者，受難者，患病者

sufferingn.苦難，痛苦；讓人痛苦的事(常用復數)

【巧學助記】

1.Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughmany(suffer)duringthewa匚

2.After(suffer)seriousdamagecausedbytheterribleearthquake,thecityrealizedthe

importanceoflivinginharmonywithnature.

3.Manycountries(遭受巨大損失)inthefinancialcrisis.

4.Maryis(身體不好).

【答案】

I.sufferings2.suffering3.sufferedhugelosses4.sufferingfromillhealth.

13.supplyn.&vt.

(l)n.供應(量);補給乂pL］補給品.

supplyandcommand供求

theelectricity/water/gassupply電力/水/煤氣供應.

medical/reliefsupplies醫(yī)療用品/救援物資

⑵vt.供應;供給

supplysb./sth.withsth.

supplysth.tosb./slh.為某人/某物提供某物

Theysupplythecountrywithoil.=Theysupplyoiltothecountry.他們?yōu)槟莻€國家供應石油。

【詞語辨析】supply,provide與offer

(1)supply尤指大量供應、供給

supplysb.withsth.=supplysth.tosb.

⑵provide強調提供所需之物

providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.-

Iprovidehimwithallhisrights.我向他提供了他的所有權利。

⑶offer強調主動提供offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.

TheydecidedtoofferJothejob.他們決定讓喬做這個工作。

【巧學助記】

1.Atthebeginningofthesemester,students(supply)withalistofbooksthattheyare

expectedtoread.

2.Theywillsupplyustechnologyinsupportwithoutaskingforanythinginreturn.

3.ThisbookwillsupplysomescientificmethodsusinEnglishlearning.

4.Ourschoollibrarycanprovideallkindsofgoodbooksstudents.

5.Finally,themanagerofferedagoodjob