2022年浙江省麗水市高一下學(xué)期期末英語試卷

2021-2022學(xué)年浙江省麗水市高一下學(xué)期期末英語試卷本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）。第I卷1至8頁(yè)，第II卷8至10頁(yè)。第Ⅰ卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答第I卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卷上。2.選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卷上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第二部分:閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分35分）第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2.5分,滿分25分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卷上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ALastyear,thingsdidn’tgowelltome.Likemanypeopleduringthepandemic,myhusbandPaul,losthisjob.Iwasworking,butonlypart-time.Iwasworriedaboutmoney,COVIDandourfuture.That’swhenourmailboxesreallystartedgettingtome.I’dneverlikedourmailboxesmuch,whichwasalreadyinroughshapeandstoodattheendofourlongdrivewaywiththepaintfadedandthemetalpolerusted(生銹).Oneday,someonehaddrivenintothepole,whichwasnowbentslightly.However,becausetheboxescouldstillholdthemailsandthepostmanwasn’tcomplaining,therewasnoneedtoreplacethem.ButeverytimeIsawthemlately,theyremindedmeofalltheproblemsinmylife.“Lord,Iwishwehadbettermailboxes,”Ifoundmyselfthinkingonedayonmywaytowork.Itwasmoreofapassingthoughtthanaprayer.Iprobablywouldhaveforgottenallaboutitifitwerenotforthenewswegotthenextmorning.“Ourneighborjustsentamessage,”Paulsaid.“Agirldrovehercarrightintothemailboxes,completelybreakingthemdown.”“Issheokay?”Iasked.“Shewasn’thurt,butreallyupset.Shihiemsawithappen.Hesaidshe’sjustateenager.Hegaveherournumberandinformation.”“Thatcertainlywasn’tinthebudget,”Ithought.AsmuchasIwantednewmailboxes,gettingthemwouldbeexpensive.Iglancedoutofthewindow.Therewasanunfamiliarcarattheendofthedriveway.Itwastoofarawaytoseewhatthedriverwasdoing.Surprisingly,abouttwohourslaterIfoundonthespotwhererustedmailboxeshadoncestoodwasasolid,whitepostwithnew,shinymailboxsittingoneacharm—oneblack,onewhite.Paulhandedmeanote.“DearNeighbor,Iamso,sosorryIhity’all’smailbox.Iboughtandreplacedthemwithnewprettyones.Again,Iamsosorry.Haveawonderful,blessedday!”Thewriterhadincludedherphonenumberandaddressincaseweneededanythingelse.Wedid—weneededtothankher!Wealsowantedtomakesureshehadn’tbeeninjured.1.Whydidn’tthewriterreplacehermailboxes?A.Shewasbusyworking. B.Thepostmanlikedthem.C.Theycouldstillbeused. D.Theyremindedherofthedifficultiesinlife.2.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAudree?A.Cleverandbeautiful. B.Hardworkingandintelligent.C.Talentedandfriendly. D.Responsibleandconsiderate.3.Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheresultoftheevent?A.It’sboring. B.It’sdiscouraging.C.It’sinspiring. D.It’sinteresting.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者一家在疾病流行期間生活艱難，一個(gè)女孩撞壞了作者家的舊郵箱，她真誠(chéng)地道歉并為作者家更換了新郵箱，這件事讓作者在艱難的生活中重新看到了愛和希望?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“However,becausetheboxescouldstillholdthemailsandthepostmanwasn’tcomplaining,therewasnoneedtoreplacethem.”（然而，由于這些盒子仍然可以裝郵件，郵遞員也沒有抱怨，因此沒有必要更換它們。）可知，作者認(rèn)為郵箱仍然可以裝郵件，因此沒有必要更換它們，由此可知，作者沒有更換郵箱，因?yàn)樗鼈內(nèi)匀豢梢允褂?。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容“DearNeighbor,Iamso,sosorryIhity’all’smailbox.Iboughtandreplacedthemwithnewprettyones.Again,Iamsosorry.Haveawonderful,blessedday!”（親愛的鄰居，很抱歉，我撞了你們的郵箱。我買了并換上了新的、漂亮的郵箱。再一次，我很抱歉。祝你們有美好的一天?。┛芍瑢懕銞l的人為Audree，她為撞壞了鄰居的郵箱道歉，并為鄰居更換了新的郵箱，由此可知，她是一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的人；根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Thewriterhadincludedherphonenumberandaddressincaseweneededanythingelse.”（寫信人留下了她的電話號(hào)碼和地址，以防我們還需要什么。）可知，Audree還留下了自己的電話號(hào)碼和地址，以防鄰居有其他需要，由此可知，她是一個(gè)考慮周到的人，綜上所述，Audree是一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的和考慮周到的人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Wedid—weneededtothankher!Wealsowantedtomakesureshehadn’tbeeninjured.”（我們確實(shí)需要——我們需要感謝她！我們還想確保她沒有受傷。）可知，作者想要感謝女孩，女孩的行為不止是一種責(zé)任心的體現(xiàn)，也讓作者在艱難的生活中重新看到了愛和希望，由此可推斷出，作者認(rèn)為這次事情的結(jié)果是鼓舞人心的。故選C項(xiàng)。BInthisdigitalage,informationisincreasinglydigitizedthroughthewideuseoftechnology.Newspapers,magazinesandeventextbooksarebecomingorexpectedtobedigitalsoon.However,despitethesharpincreaseofsuchtechnologyindailylife,printmediaisfarfrombecomingunnecessary.Idon’tthinkthatreadinginprintisadyingmode.Firstly,printoffersasuperreadingexperience.Thefeelingofholdingabookinourhands,feelingitsweightandturningoveritspages,helpsustobeimmersedinandengagedfullywiththematerial.Theactofturningoverpagesalsohelpstodirectourselvesintheconceptsandstructureofthetext.Incontrast,readingthroughanumberofpagesonadeviceisunsatisfying,andwecanlosetrackofhowmuchwehaveread.Inaddition,theartificialglowofdigitalscreenstiresone’seyesout,andcanevenaffectone’ssleep.Moreover,physicalcopiesexpressgreateraesthetic(審美的)beautythandigitalones.Thedesignsthatbeautifybookcoversandspinesmaketheideascompleteandaddbeautytoourhomesaswell.Thewrinklesthathaveaccumulatedovertimeleaveuswithanemotionalattachmenttothebooksthemselves.Furthermore,thepresentationofcontentinprintalsoallowsforgreaterappreciationofimagery(意象).Incontrasttotherestrictionsofdigitalscreens,thetangible(可觸摸的)natureofprintallowsforclearimagerythatisclearandimpactfulinitspresence.Advocatesofdigitalprintsupporttheconvenienceofthemedium.Indeed,e-readersprovideaconvenientsolutiontostorageandtransportation.However,thiscarriesitsownweaknessesaswell.Forone,theuseofdigitalmediarequirestheinvestmentinasmartdevice.Foranother,takingnotesontheprintedtextiseasier.Inconclusion,despitetheconveniencesaffordedbydigitalmedia,physicalprintstillremainsapopularmodeofreadingtoday.The“l(fā)essismore”natureofprintmediaremainsitsstrongestsellingpointtoday.4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Toomuchdigitalreadingwillnotinfluenceourhealth.B.Turningoverpageshelpstocompletelyunderstandthetexts.C.Readinginprintoffersreadersfullengagementwithmaterials.D.Readerscanexactlyknowhowmuchtheyhavereadbydigitalreading.5.Wheredoesthegreateraestheticbeautyofphysicalcopieslie?A.Aclearimagery. B.Abundantideas.C.Emotionaldependence. D.Convenienceoftransportation.6.What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Topopularizetwotypesofreadingmodes.B.Topersuadepeopletoenjoydigitalreading.C.Toinformpeopleofanewtrendinreading.D.Toarguewhyreadinginprintwillnotdisappear.7.Theauthorstatestheopinionby_________.A.usingexamples B.makingacomparisonC.askingandansweringquestions D.analyzingcausesandeffects【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了在這個(gè)數(shù)字時(shí)代，紙質(zhì)閱讀并不會(huì)消亡，并介紹了與電子閱讀相比，紙質(zhì)閱讀的優(yōu)勢(shì)。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Thefeelingofholdingabookinourhands,feelingitsweightandturningoveritspages,helpsustobeimmersedinandengagedfullywiththematerial.”（手捧一本書的感覺，感受它的重量和翻閱它的書頁(yè)，幫助我們完全沉浸在材料中并與之充分接觸。）可知，閱讀印刷品可以幫助我們完全沉浸在材料中并與之充分接觸，由此可知，“閱讀印刷品可以讓讀者充分接觸材料?！边@一選項(xiàng)是正確的。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Furthermore,thepresentationofcontentinprintalsoallowsforgreaterappreciationofimagery(意象).Incontrasttotherestrictionsofdigitalscreens,thetangible(可觸摸的)natureofprintallowsforclearimagerythatisclearandimpactfulinitspresence.”（此外，印刷品內(nèi)容的呈現(xiàn)還可以更好地欣賞圖像。與數(shù)字屏幕的限制形成對(duì)比的是，印刷品的有形本質(zhì)允許清晰的圖像，在其中出現(xiàn)時(shí)清晰而有影響力。）可知，實(shí)物復(fù)制品更大的審美意義在于允許清晰的圖像存在，可以讓讀者更好地欣賞圖像，由此可知，實(shí)物復(fù)制品更大的審美意義在于清晰的圖像。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“However,despitethesharpincreaseofsuchtechnologyindailylife,printmediaisfarfrombecomingunnecessary.Idon’tthinkthatreadinginprintisadyingmode.”（然而，盡管這類技術(shù)在日常生活中急劇增加，但印刷媒體遠(yuǎn)沒有變得沒有必要。我不認(rèn)為閱讀印刷品是一種消亡的模式。）、第二段關(guān)鍵句“Firstly,printoffersasuperreadingexperience.”（首先，印刷品提供了一種超級(jí)閱讀體驗(yàn)。）和第三段關(guān)鍵句“Moreover,physicalcopiesexpressgreateraesthetic(審美的)beautythandigitalones.”（此外，實(shí)物復(fù)制品比數(shù)字復(fù)制品表現(xiàn)出更大的審美意義。）可知，文章主要告訴人們?yōu)槭裁从∷⑵烽喿x不會(huì)消失，并列舉了印刷品閱讀不會(huì)消失的原因，例如提供了一種超級(jí)閱讀體驗(yàn)和表現(xiàn)出更大的審美意義，由此可知，文章的主要目的是討論為什么印刷品閱讀不會(huì)消失。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Theactofturningoverpagesalsohelpstodirectourselvesintheconceptsandstructureofthetext.Incontrast,readingthroughanumberofpagesonadeviceisunsatisfying,andwecanlosetrackofhowmuchwehaveread.”（翻頁(yè)的行為也有助于引導(dǎo)我們了解文本的概念和結(jié)構(gòu)。相比之下，在一臺(tái)設(shè)備上閱讀大量頁(yè)面并不令人滿意，我們可能會(huì)忘記自己讀了多少。）和第三段關(guān)鍵句“Incontrasttotherestrictionsofdigitalscreens,thetangible(可觸摸的)natureofprintallowsforclearimagerythatisclearandimpactfulinitspresence.”（與數(shù)字屏幕的限制形成對(duì)比的是，印刷品的有形本質(zhì)允許清晰的圖像，在其中出現(xiàn)時(shí)清晰而有影響力。）可知，作者通過將紙質(zhì)閱讀和在電子設(shè)備上閱讀進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，進(jìn)而說明紙質(zhì)閱讀的好處，由此可知，作者通過比較闡述了自己的觀點(diǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。CIt’sanage-oldquestion:Howcanweextendourlivesandmaketheyearswehaveasdiseaseandpain-freeaspossible?Ifyoulookonsocialmedia,anynumberofso-calledexpertsareprovidingquick-fixtipsforextendinglongevity.Onesuggestion,accordingtoexpertsisthatifyouwanttoextendyourlife,youneedtostarttoday.LeBrasseuristheco-directoroftheGlennCenterforBiologyofAgingResearch.Hesaysthatwithoutquestiontheresearchshowsthatexerciseisthemosteffectiveandhealthymeanstoextendhealthyaging.Thegoal,hesays,istodecreasediseaserateuntiltheveryendoflifeandexerciseisagreattoolforthis.AccordingtoLeBrasseur,exerciseseemsparticularlyeffectiveatpreventaging.Extensiveevidencehasshownthatexerciselikerunning,swimming,bikingandliftingweightsextendsheartandcognitivehealth.Butwhilestructuredexerciseisimportant,dailynonstructuralmovementisalsokeytolivingalongandhealthylife.Onlineshopping,screentimeandvirtualeverythinghaveengineeredmovementrightoutofourday,whichworksagainsthealthyaging,saysLeBrasseur.Fromgroceryshoppingtowalkingtothemailboxtoparkingfurtherawayfromyourdestination,expandingdailymovementisbestifyouwanttoprosperinlateryears.“Physicalinactivityisoneofthebiggestchallengestohealthyaging,”hesays.Beyondmovement,LeBrasseursaysthosewithpositiveattitudeintheirlifealsotendtobehappierandhealthier.Thisishardtoquantifycomparedtoexerciseandwedon’tknowtheworkingsystem,butitcouldberelatedtothefactthatpositivitycontributedtohealth.Thethirdlegtoourhealthyagingstoolis,notsurprisingly,diet.Threetimesaday,everyday,yourdietisyourdailymedicineifyouchoosetherightfoods.Andaccordingtoanabundanceofevidence,theMediterraneandiet—awayofeatinginspiredbythoselivingneartheMediterraneanSea—isthehealthiestwaytolivealonglife.Intheendlongevityisaboutthelonggame.Exercise,movement,apositiveoutlookandaMediterraneandietaresimpleenough,butittakeseffortstomakethemhappen.Still,beingabletomove,love,eatandenjoyyourselflaterinlife,nowthat’saworthwhiledevotion.8.WhatisLeBrasseur’sopiniononexercise?A.Itistheonlywaytopreventaging. B.Itcontributessignificantlytoalonglife.C.Itcansurelycureallkindsofheartdiseases. D.Itisthebiggestchallengetohealthyaging.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quantify”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Workout. B.Pickup. C.Takein. D.Relateto.10.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment. B.Health. C.Education. D.Travel.【答案】8.B9.A10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了科學(xué)家指出研究表明，鍛煉是延長(zhǎng)健康老齡化的最有效和健康的手段。雖然有組織的運(yùn)動(dòng)很重要，但每天的非結(jié)構(gòu)性運(yùn)動(dòng)也是健康長(zhǎng)壽的關(guān)鍵。且除了運(yùn)動(dòng)，那些生活態(tài)度積極的人往往也更快樂、更健康?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hesaysthatwithoutquestiontheresearchshowsthatexerciseisthemosteffectiveandhealthymeanstoextendhealthyaging.(他說，毫無疑問，研究表明，鍛煉是延長(zhǎng)健康老齡化的最有效和健康的手段)”可知，LeBrasseur認(rèn)為運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)長(zhǎng)壽有很大的貢獻(xiàn)。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Beyondmovement,LeBrasseursaysthosewithpositiveattitudeintheirlifealsotendtobehappierandhealthier.”以及后文“comparedtoexerciseandwedon’tknowtheworkingsystem,butitcouldberelatedtothefactthatpositivitycontributedtohealth”可知，萊布拉瑟爾說，除了運(yùn)動(dòng)，那些生活態(tài)度積極的人往往也更快樂、更健康，所以畫線詞所在句意思是：與鍛煉相比，這很難計(jì)算，我們也不知道它的工作機(jī)制，但它可能與積極有益于健康這一事實(shí)有關(guān)。故畫線詞意思是“計(jì)算”。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“It’sanage-oldquestion:Howcanweextendourlivesandmaketheyearswehaveasdiseaseandpain-freeaspossible?Ifyoulookonsocialmedia,anynumberofso-calledexpertsareprovidingquick-fixtipsforextendinglongevity.Onesuggestion,accordingtoexpertsisthatifyouwanttoextendyourlife,youneedtostarttoday.(這是一個(gè)古老的問題：我們?nèi)绾窝娱L(zhǎng)我們的壽命，使我們?cè)谟猩瓯M可能遠(yuǎn)離疾病和痛苦？在社交媒體上，許多所謂的專家都在提供延長(zhǎng)壽命的速效方法。根據(jù)專家的建議，如果你想延長(zhǎng)壽命，你需要從今天開始)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了科學(xué)家指出研究表明，鍛煉是延長(zhǎng)健康老齡化的最有效和健康的手段。雖然有組織的運(yùn)動(dòng)很重要，但每天的非結(jié)構(gòu)性運(yùn)動(dòng)也是健康長(zhǎng)壽的關(guān)鍵。且除了運(yùn)動(dòng)，那些生活態(tài)度積極的人往往也更快樂、更健康。可推知，文章可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的“健康”版面。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。LearningtoManageYourTimeTheprinciplesbelowareabouteffectivetimemanagementThinkoftimemanagementtechniquesastoolstohelpyoudowhatyouvaluebest.____11____Commitment—Ifyoucan’tpromisetodevotetimetoatask,don’tputitinyourschedule.____12____Ifyoudon’tactuallysticktoyourschedule,itwillsoonbecomeuseless.Onethingatatime—Currentresearchshowsusthatmulti-taskingisuntrue.Whenswitchingbetweentasks,wepayatimecost:Ittakestimetogetmentallybackintothetask,thusmakinguslessefficient.____13____Thisdepthisnecessarywhereyouareexpectedtogainadeeperunderstanding.Response—Inthemomentofdecision-making,whenfacedwithotherthingswhicharenotincludedintheschedule,takeamomenttothinkandrespond.____14____Forexample,ifexerciseisatoppriorityforyou,don’tletasuddenfearaboutagradepreventyoufromexercising.Youcanreducetheamountofexercisetime,butdon’tcutitout.Don’tlet“mindgames”getintheway.Flexibility—____15____Don’tscheduleeveryhouroftheday.Leaveemptytimeandscheduleinentertainmenttime.CreatetwoorthreehoursonFridayasacatch-allmakeuptime.Whenthingscomeupandyouaredecidingwhethertodifferfromyourestablishedschedule,lookforfuturehoursanddaystoseewhereyoucanmakeuplosttime.A.Bebriefwhenmakingyourschedule.B.Howdoyoucombineflexibilitywithyourschedule?C.Whenswitchingwealsolosethedepthofourengagement.D.Trytokeeptheprinciplesinmindasyouscheduleyourtime.E.Switchblocksoftimesothatyourscheduleshowsyournewcommitment.F.Rememberwhat’smostimportanttoyouanddowhatwillhelpyougetit.G.Creatingascheduleyoucan’tactuallykeepissettingyourselfupforfrustration.【答案】11.D12.G13.C14.F15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要提出了一些時(shí)間管理的原則?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theprinciplesbelowareabouteffectivetimemanagement.Thinkoftimemanagementtechniquesastoolstohelpyoudowhatyouvaluebest.(下面的原則是關(guān)于有效的時(shí)間管理。把時(shí)間管理技巧看作是幫助你做你最看重的事情的工具)”結(jié)合后文詳細(xì)說明了這些原則，D選項(xiàng)中theprinciples對(duì)應(yīng)上文中Theprinciples。故D選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你安排時(shí)間時(shí)，盡量記住這些原則”符合語境，故選D?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyoucan’tpromisetodevotetimetoatask,don’tputitinyourschedule.(如果你不能保證花時(shí)間完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)，就不要把它列入你的日程表)”以及后文“Ifyoudon’tactuallysticktoyourschedule,itwillsoonbecomeuseless.(如果你不堅(jiān)持你的時(shí)間表，它很快就會(huì)變得無用)”可知，前后文都提到了無法保證堅(jiān)持時(shí)間表的問題，即本句是在說明制定了實(shí)際上無法遵守的時(shí)間表會(huì)導(dǎo)致的問題，故G選項(xiàng)“制定一個(gè)你實(shí)際上無法遵守的時(shí)間表會(huì)讓自己陷入沮喪”符合語境，故選G?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whenswitchingbetweentasks,wepayatimecost:Ittakestimetogetmentallybackintothetask,thusmakinguslessefficient.(在不同任務(wù)之間切換時(shí)，我們付出了時(shí)間代價(jià)：我們需要花時(shí)間來重新回到任務(wù)中，從而降低了效率)”可知，上文提到了在不同的任務(wù)之間切換，C選項(xiàng)中switching對(duì)應(yīng)上文中switching。故C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)切換時(shí)，我們也失去了參與的深度”符合語境，說明切換帶來的不良后果。故選C?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Response—Inthemomentofdecision-making,whenfacedwithotherthingswhicharenotincludedintheschedule,takeamomenttothinkandrespond.(回應(yīng)——在做決定的時(shí)候，當(dāng)面對(duì)計(jì)劃之外的事情時(shí)，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間思考和回應(yīng))”以及后文“Forexample,ifexerciseisatoppriorityforyou,don’tletasuddenfearaboutagradepreventyoufromexercising.Youcanreducetheamountofexercisetime,butdon’tcutitout.Don’tlet“mindgames”getintheway.(例如，如果鍛煉是你的首要任務(wù)，不要讓對(duì)成績(jī)的突然恐懼阻止你鍛煉。你可以減少鍛煉時(shí)間，但不要停止。不要讓“心理游戲”成為阻礙)”可知，后文提到了鍛煉是首要任務(wù)，就不要擔(dān)心成績(jī)，即強(qiáng)調(diào)記住最重要的是什么，故F選項(xiàng)“記住對(duì)你來說最重要的是什么，并做能幫助你得到它的事情”符合語境，故選F?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Flexibility(靈活性)”以及后文“Don’tscheduleeveryhouroftheday.Leaveemptytimeandscheduleinentertainmenttime.CreatetwoorthreehoursonFridayasacatch-allmakeuptime.Whenthingscomeupandyouaredecidingwhethertodifferfromyourestablishedschedule,lookforfuturehoursanddaystoseewhereyoucanmakeuplosttime.(不要把一天中的每一個(gè)小時(shí)都安排好。留出空閑時(shí)間，安排娛樂時(shí)間。周五騰出兩三個(gè)小時(shí)來化妝。當(dāng)事情發(fā)生時(shí)，你正在決定是否要與既定的計(jì)劃有所不同，看看未來的幾個(gè)小時(shí)或幾天，看看哪些地方可以彌補(bǔ)失去的時(shí)間)”可知，本段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)了靈活性，B選項(xiàng)中flexibility對(duì)應(yīng)上文中Flexibility。故B選項(xiàng)“你是如何將靈活性和你的時(shí)間表結(jié)合起來的？”符合語境，故選B。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20個(gè)小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卷上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Atourresidence,wemadesureasmalllawn(草坪)spaceremainedgreenbywateringregularly.Iliveinanarea____16____byafairlylargegarden.Thereareanumberoffruittrees____17____herealongwithmanyplantsandlotsofgrass.That____18____theflyingbeauties—thebirdsvisitingthespaceregularly.Atfirstsight,thegardenappearsvery____19____butactuallymanybirdsliveinitorvisitit____20____.Somepeoplekeepbirdsin____21____tolistentotheirsongs.Isayitis____22____betterforthebirdstolivefreely.EverymorningIamawakenedbytheshrill____23____ofamagpie-robin.ThesoundissosweetandIjustlieinbedlisteningtothesongs____24____thebirdfliesaway.Smallplantsandbushesprovidegood_____25_____forinsectsandverysmallbirds,whilelargertreeswillattractvisits_____26_____morebirdsandmammals.Theycometosing,_____27_____abitorlookforfood.Soitisalwaysa(n)_____28_____toseethem.Ijustsitquietlyandthey_____29_____theirbusinessundisturbed.It’seasytoattractbirdstoyour_____30_____howeversmallandcloseitistoacity.Ihaveseenthespotted-dove,pigeonandvariousotherlittlebirdswhichIcannot_____31_____.Theysing,danceand_____32_____theirbeautifulcolors.Itisquitea(n)_____33_____.Ontheotherhandtherearethoseannoyinglittlesparrowsthatcomeintothehouseto_____34_____food._____35_____tosay,thesurroundingareaisbeingdevelopedandthewildlifeisbeingchasedawayordestroyed.16.A.destroyed B.threatened C.controlled D.surrounded17.A.growing B.moving C.sticking D.changing18.A.calledin B.broughtin C.resultedin D.joinedin19.A.strange B.quiet C.creative D.unusual20.A.bravely B.silently C.immediately D.frequently21.A.cages B.plants C.cities D.forests22.A.far B.hardly C.little D.less23.A.dialogues B.claims C.whispers D.songs24.A.because B.when C.until D.since25.A.shelter B.view C.shade D.position26.A.after B.from C.to D.with27.A.jump B.smell C.eat D.rest28.A.annoyance B.fright C.pleasure D.surprise29.A.goabout B.worryabout C.accountfor D.answerfor30.A.business B.garden C.home D.space31.A.greet B.name C.buy D.spot32.A.admire B.explore C.paint D.display33.A.challenge B.idea C.treat D.deal34.A.examine B.steal C.donate D.prepare35.A.Happy B.Silly C.Sad D.Rude【答案】16.D17.A18.C19.B20.D21.A22.A23.D24.C25.A26.B27.D28.C29.A30.B31.B32.D33.C34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文一篇記敘文。講述的是作者住所處的花園吸引了各種鳥兒和動(dòng)物們的來訪。在一片人與自然和諧相處的背后，作者感到悲傷的是：在城市的開發(fā)過程中，很多野生動(dòng)物卻被驅(qū)逐。【16題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們的住所，我們通過定期澆水來確保一小塊草坪保持綠色。我住在一個(gè)被一個(gè)相當(dāng)大的花園包圍的地區(qū)。A.destroyed破壞；B.threatened威脅；C.controlled控制；D.surrounded圍繞。根據(jù)后文的“Thereareanumberoffruittrees____2____herealongwithmanyplantsandlotsofgrass.”可知，我們所住的地方是被大花園圍繞的。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這里生長(zhǎng)著許多果樹，還有許多植物和許多草。A.growing生；B.moving移動(dòng)；C.sticking粘；D.changing改變。根據(jù)前文的“afairlylargegarden”可知，是許多水果樹在花園中生長(zhǎng)。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：這導(dǎo)致了飛行的美人出現(xiàn)——鳥類定期造訪花園。A.calledin召集；B.broughtin引入；C.resultedin導(dǎo)致，引起；D.joinedin加入?？涨暗膖hat指代的是前句的“Thereareanumberoffruittrees____2____herealongwithmanyplantsandlotsofgrass.”，生長(zhǎng)著許多果樹，還有許多植物和許多草導(dǎo)致了很多鳥類的出現(xiàn)。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：乍一看，花園看起來很安靜，但實(shí)際上很多鳥住在里面或經(jīng)常來參觀。A.strange奇怪的；B.quiet安靜的；C.creative創(chuàng)造的；D.unusual不同尋常的。根據(jù)后文“butactuallymanybirdsliveinitorvisitit____5____.”可知，空前與but后的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，乍一看花園里好像沒什么鳥，是安靜的。故選B。【20題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.bravely勇敢地；B.silently沉默地；C.immediately立即地；D.frequently頻繁地。根據(jù)前文“thebirdsvisitingthespaceregularly.”可知，很多鳥是經(jīng)常來此花園。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有些人把鳥養(yǎng)在籠子里，為了聽它們唱歌。我說，鳥兒自由地生活要好得多。A.cages籠子；B.plants植物；C.cities城市；D.forests森林。根據(jù)前文的“Somepeoplekeepbirds”以及后文的“l(fā)ivefreely”，可知有些人把鳥養(yǎng)在籠子里。故選A。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.far非常，很大程度上；B.hardly幾乎不；C.little極少，輕微；D.less更少地，程度較低地。根據(jù)后文“forthebirdstolivefreely”可知，作者認(rèn)為讓鳥兒自由地生活更好。副詞far用于修飾比較級(jí)，加深程度。故選A。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每天早晨，我都被喜鵲美妙的歌聲喚醒。A.dialogues對(duì)話；B.claims要求；C.whispers耳語；D.songs歌聲。根據(jù)后文的“ThesoundissosweetandIjustlieinbedlisteningtothesongs”可知，每天早晨我被美妙的歌聲所喚醒。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：聲音是如此的甜美，我只是躺在床上聽著歌曲，直到鳥兒飛走。A.because因?yàn)?；B.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；C.until直到；D.since自從。根據(jù)前文的“Ijustlieinbedlisteningtothesongs”可知，我一直躺在床上傾聽鳥兒的歌聲，直到鳥兒飛走。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：小的植物和灌木為昆蟲和很小的鳥類提供了良好的庇護(hù)所，而較大的樹木會(huì)吸引更多的鳥類和哺乳動(dòng)物。A.shelter庇護(hù)所，避難所；B.view觀點(diǎn)，視野；C.shade陰涼；D.position職位，位置。根據(jù)后文的“Theycometosing,____12____abitorlookforfood”可知，花園為鳥類提供了好的庇護(hù)所，它們才能夠在這里歌唱、休息和覓食。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.after在……之后；B.from來自；C.to對(duì)于；D.with和……。根據(jù)后文“morebirdsandmammals”可知，較大的樹木吸引了來自鳥兒和其他動(dòng)物的來訪。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它們來唱歌、休憩或覓食。A.jump跳；B.smell聞起來；C.eat吃；D.rest休息。根據(jù)空前的“sing”和“l(fā)ookforfood”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該填寫動(dòng)詞與此并列。故選D。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以看到它們總是一種樂趣。我只是安靜地坐著，他們不受打擾地干他們的事。A.annoyance惱怒；B.fright恐懼；C.pleasure愉快，樂趣；D.surprise驚喜。根據(jù)前文的“ThesoundissosweetandIjustlieinbedlisteningtothesongs”以及后文的“Ijustsitquietly.”可知，作者以愉悅的心情來欣賞鳥兒的歌聲，并觀賞它們。故選C。29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：同上。A.goabout忙于，從事；B.worryabout擔(dān)心；C.accountfor解釋；D.answerfor對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé)。根據(jù)前文的“Ijustsitquietly.”以及“Theycometosing,____12____abitorlookforfood.”可知我安靜地坐在那里，動(dòng)物們?cè)诟璩谛菹?，在覓食，在忙著自己的事。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：無論你的花園多么小，離城市多么近，都很容易吸引鳥類來到你的花園。A.business生意，事業(yè)；B.garden花園；C.home家；D.space空間。根據(jù)前文的“Iliveinanarea____1____byafairlylargegarden.Thereareanumberoffruittrees____2____herealongwithmanyplantsandlotsofgrass.”可知，文章講述的是花園中吸引了各種鳥類。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我見過斑鳩、鴿子以及各種我叫不出名字的小鳥。A.greet問候；B.name命名；C.buy買；D.spot發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)空前的“variousotherlittlebirdswhichIcannot”可知，許多鳥兒的名字我是叫不出來的。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它們唱歌，跳舞，展示它們美麗的色彩。A.admire欽佩；B.explore探索；C.paint噴繪；D.display展示。根據(jù)空前的“they”可知，主語是鳥兒，根據(jù)空后的theirbeautifulcolors，可知是鳥兒展示自己的美麗的顏色。故選D。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這真是非常（美好的）款待。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.idea想法；C.treat款待；D.deal交易。根據(jù)前文“Theysing,danceand____17____theirbeautifulcolors.”可知，作者能夠在花園中看到各種顏色的鳥兒，這是對(duì)他非常美好的款待。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：另一方面，還有那些討厭的小麻雀，它們會(huì)進(jìn)到房子里偷食物。A.examine檢查；B.steal偷；C.donate捐贈(zèng)；D.prepare準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)空前的“annoyinglittlesparrows”可知，是它們溜進(jìn)作者的房子里偷食物。steal的主語是小麻雀。故選B。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：可悲的是，周邊地區(qū)正在被開發(fā)，野生動(dòng)物正在被趕走或破壞。A.Happy愉快的；B.Silly愚蠢的；C.Sad悲傷的；D.Rude粗魯?shù)摹８鶕?jù)后文的“thewildlifeisbeingchasedawayordestroyed.”可知許多野生動(dòng)物在隨著城市的發(fā)展過程中被驅(qū)逐和破壞，故表達(dá)作者悲傷的心情。故選C。第Ⅱ卷注意：將答案寫在答題卷上。寫在本試卷上無效。第二節(jié)：語法填空（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Onceawisemantoldmethatgoodpersonalitywasthehighestdegreeinourlives.Ididn’tunderstand____36____itmeantuntilIinterviewedJiXianlin,awell-knownprofessorinPekingUniversityandhetoldmeoneofhistruestories.In____37____autumnofoneyear,anewsemester____38____(begin)andastudentfromanotherprovincewascarryingtonsofluggage____39____campus.Afterawhile,hefeltverytiredandputhisluggagebytheroad.Atthatmoment,anoldmanwalkedtowardshim.Thestudentaskedtheoldman____40____(help)himtakecareofhisluggageforawhilewhenhewenttodealwiththeadmissionissues.Theoldmanpromisedwithout____41____(hesitate).Afteralmostonehour,thestudentcamebackandsawhimstill____42____(keep)aneyeonhisluggageresponsibly.Hethankedtheoldman____43____(sincere)andtheypartedlater.Afterseveraldays,theschoolheldtheopeningceremony____44____thestudentastonishinglyfoundthatthevice-presidentofPekingUniversity,JiXianlin,wasexactlytheoldman_____45_____helpedhimtakecareofhisluggage.【答案】36.what37.the38.began39.on40.tohelp41.hesitation##hesitating42.keeping43.sincerely44.and##where45.who##that【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了北京大學(xué)副校長(zhǎng)季羨林幫助學(xué)生看行李的事情，通過這件事作者意識(shí)到好的人格魅力的重要性?！?6題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：直到我采訪了北京大學(xué)著名教授季羨林，他給我講了一個(gè)他的真實(shí)的故事，我才明白這是什么意思。分析句子可知，句子為賓語從句，空格處單詞引導(dǎo)從句，作“understand”的賓語，從句中缺少“meant”的賓語，指事物，沒有選擇范圍，故應(yīng)用“what”引導(dǎo)從句。故填what?！?7題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：一年的秋天，新學(xué)期開始了，一個(gè)來自另一個(gè)省份的學(xué)生在校園里搬著大量的行李。分析句子可知，“autumn”為名詞，根據(jù)句中“ofoneyear”可知，句中特指某一年的秋天，故空格處應(yīng)用定冠詞“the”，表示特指。故填the?！?8題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：一年的秋天，新學(xué)期開始了，一個(gè)來自另一個(gè)省份的學(xué)生在校園里搬著大量的行李。根據(jù)句意和句中“In_____autumnofoneyear”可知，句子陳述的是過去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，“begin”意為“開始”，動(dòng)詞詞性，過去式為“began”。故填began?！?9題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：一年的秋天，新學(xué)期開始了，一個(gè)來自另一個(gè)省份的學(xué)生在校園里搬著大量的行李。根據(jù)句意可知，句中涉及固定短語“oncampus”，意為“在校園里”，故空格處應(yīng)用“on”。故填on?！?0題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：學(xué)生去辦理入學(xué)手續(xù)時(shí)，讓老人幫他照看一下行李。根據(jù)句意可知，句中涉及固定短語“asksb.todosth.”，意為“讓某人做某事”，“help”意為“幫助”，動(dòng)詞詞性，故空格處應(yīng)用“tohelp”。故填tohelp?！?1題詳解】考查名詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：老人毫不猶豫地答應(yīng)了。分析句子可知，“without”為介詞，后接名詞作賓語，“hesitate”為動(dòng)詞，對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞為“hesitation”，意為“猶豫”，為不可數(shù)名詞；“without”后也可用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，“hesitate”的動(dòng)名詞形式為“hesitating”。故填hesitation/hesitating?！?2題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：將近一個(gè)小時(shí)后，學(xué)生回來了，看到他仍在負(fù)責(zé)地看著自己的行李。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短語“seesb.doingsth.”，意為“看見某人正在做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，“keep”的現(xiàn)在分詞為“keeping”。故填keeping。【43題詳解】考查副詞。句意：他真誠(chéng)地感謝老人，隨后他們分別了。分析句子可知，“thanked”為動(dòng)詞，后面應(yīng)用副詞修飾，“sincere”為形容詞，對(duì)應(yīng)的副詞為“sincerely”，意為“真誠(chéng)地”，作狀語。故填sincerely。【44題詳解】考查并列句和定語從句。句意：幾天后，學(xué)校舉行了開幕式，學(xué)生驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，北京大學(xué)副校長(zhǎng)季羨林正是幫助他照看行李的老人。分析句子可知，“學(xué)校舉行了開幕式”和“學(xué)生驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)……”之間為并列關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用連詞“and”連接前后兩個(gè)句子；或把句子看成限制性定語從句，先行詞為“openingceremony”，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，此時(shí)空格處可用關(guān)系副詞“where”引導(dǎo)從句。故填and/where。【45題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：幾天后，學(xué)校舉行了開幕式，學(xué)生驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，北京大學(xué)副校長(zhǎng)季羨林正是幫助他照看行李的老人。分析句子可知，句子為限制性定語從句，先行詞為“oldman”，指人，在從句中作主語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞“who”或“that”引導(dǎo)從句。故填who/that。第四部分：寫作（共三節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：課本原文填空（共10小題，每空一詞，每小題1分，滿分10分）課本原文填空Customsplayasignificantroleinfestivals,butsometimestheycanchange____46____time.Withthedevelopmentofmodernsocietyandthespreadofnewideas,sometraditionsmay____47____awayandothersmaybeestablished.Oneexampleisthe____48____ChineseSpringFestivalcustomoflightingfirecrackerstodriveawaytheevil____49____andcelebratethenewyear.____50____,manybigcitieshavegivenupthiscustominorderto____51____airpollution.AnotherexampleisHalloween,whichslowlybecameanexcitingfestivalforchildren,inspiteofits____52____origins.Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial,withbusiness____53____advantageofthecelebrations.Onlineshoppingwebsitesand____54____mediaappshavemadeitmucheasierforthepublictospendmoreongiftsfortheir_____55_____ones.Althoughsomebelievefestivalsshouldnotbecommercialized,othersbelievetheincreaseinspendingisgoodfortheecon