2023年小升初英語介詞專項

介詞一．定義。介詞是英語中很活躍的詞，一般置于名詞之前。它常和名詞或名詞性詞語構(gòu)成介詞短語。同一個介詞常和不同的詞語搭配形成固定搭配，表達不批準義。二．分類介詞按結(jié)構(gòu)大體分為以下三類：1.簡樸介詞（SimplePrepositions）如：about，at，by，under，of，over..2.符合介詞（CompoundPrepositions）如：inside，into，outside，without3.短語介詞（PhrasalPrepositions）如：infrontof，becauseof，accordingto，三．用法at①表達時刻：Igotoschoolatseveneveryday我天天早上7點去上學(xué)。②表達在某一具體地點（小地點）：Heisstandingatthebusstop他站在公共汽車站。③表達動作的方向、目的：Letmehavealookatthepicture讓我看看這幅圖。④用于某些固定搭配：atonce立刻、立即atlast最后atthesametime同時atfirst開始時notatall一點也不about①表達大約時間：It’saboutsixo'clocknow.現(xiàn)在大約6點鐘了。②表達地點；在……周邊：Everythingaboutmeissobeautiful我周邊的一切都那么美好。③關(guān)于，對于：Wearetalkingaboutthenews.我們正在談?wù)撔侣?。④用于某些固定搭配：talkabout談?wù)搕hinkabout考慮what/howabout怎么樣after①在……之后：AfterdinnerIwatchTV.晚飯后我看電視。②在……后面：Hecameintotheroomafterme.他在我后面進了房間。behind①在……之后：Thereisabikebehindthetree.樹后有一輛自行車②比……晚，遲于：Thetrainisbehindtime.火車晚點了by①在……旁：Heissittingbythebed.他正坐在床邊。②到……時候：WehavelearnedthreeEnglishsongsbynow.到現(xiàn)在為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)會了三首英文歌曲。③以……方式：Igotoschoolbybus.我乘公共汽車去上學(xué)。④用于某些固定搭配：onebyone一個接一個bytheway順便說一句for①為，給，替：I'llmakeacardformyteacher.我要給老師做張卡片。②由于：Thankyouforhelpingme.謝謝你幫我。③表達給（某人）用的：Thereisletterforyou.這兒有你一封信。④用于某些固定搭配：begoodfor對.....有好處bebadfor對....有害Thankyoufor......感謝belatefor遲到lookfor尋找in①在……里面：Thepencilisinthedesk.鉛筆在課桌里。②在一段時間里：Wehavefourclassesinthemorning.我們上午有四節(jié)課。③用，以：What'sthisinEnglish?這用英語怎么說？④在某一年份，季節(jié)，月份：in2023,inspring,inJanuary⑤表達狀態(tài)，服飾：Helenisinyellow.海倫身穿黃色衣服。⑥在……方面：HeisweakinEnglish.他的英語不行。⑦用于某些固定搭配：infrontof在……前面intheend最后intime及時inbed臥床inthesun陽光下inclass課上inEnglish用英語like①像……樣：Helookslikehisfather.他像他的父親。②這樣，那樣：Don'tlookatmelikethat.別那樣看著我。③如何：What'stheweatherlike?天氣如何。④用于某些固定搭配：looklike看起來像soundlike聽起來像near靠近，在……附近：Mybedisnearthewindow.我的床在窗戶旁。of①的（表達所屬關(guān)系）：Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.這是一張我家的照片。②……的（用于所有格）：Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一個朋友。③表達數(shù)量（與連詞連用）：OneofusisfromBeijing.我們中有一個來自北京④想到，談到：Ioftenthinkofthem.我經(jīng)常想到他們。⑤用于某些固定搭配：ofcourse當然becauseof由于，由于on①在……上面：Therearesomeappleonthetree.樹上有些蘋果。②在（星期）天，在某天的上午（下午，晚上）：TheygotoEnglishclassonSunday.星期天他們?nèi)ド嫌⒄Z課。IleftBeijingonthemorningofMay1.我在5月1日早上離開北京。③用于某些固定搭配：onduty值日ontime準時over①在……正上方：Thereisalampoverthetable.桌子上方有一盞燈。②遍及，穿過：Thereisabridgeovertheriver.有座橋橫跨那條河。③超過，不止：Sheisalittleover2.她兩歲多了。to①到，往，向：Hewalkstothewindow.他走向窗戶。②表達時間、數(shù)量，到……為止Pleasecountfromtentothirty.請從10數(shù)到30.③向，對，給：HappyNewYeartoyouall.大家新年好。④用于某些固定搭配：from....to....從.....到.....too....to....太.....不能.....underWhat'sunderyourdesk?你書桌底下是什么？with①和：Couldyougohomewithme?你能和我一起回家嗎？②表達隨著狀態(tài)，帶有：Who'sthatgirlwithglasses?那位戴眼睛的女孩是誰？三、介詞的固定搭配1)介詞和名詞的連用2)動詞和介詞的連用3)形容詞和介詞連用atarriveat/in到達=getto=reachatfirst起初；開始atdinner在吃晚飯atlast最后atnight在深夜atschool在上學(xué)athome在家；無拘束laughat嘲笑atpresent現(xiàn)在atwork上班，在工作lookat看....begoodat擅長.....atonce立刻ongetoff/on上/下車onone’swayhome在我回家路上onduty值日turnon/off打開/關(guān)掉onholiday度假ontime準時ontheleft/right在左/右邊ontheradio在廣播中onfoot步行onsale出售；降價出售puton穿上onthefarm在農(nóng)場onTV在電視上播放onthephone在電話中inbeinterestedin對……感愛好inclass在課堂上inEnglish用英語inbed臥床inhospital住院inthemiddle在中間intheday在白天dowellin擅長inthesun在陽光下forwaitfor等待belatefor在lookfor尋找Thankyoufor感謝begood/badfor對.....有益/有害what’sforlunch?午飯吃什么？withhelpsb.withsth.幫助某人......bebusywith忙于......seewithoureyes用眼睛看writewithapen用鋼筆寫bestrictwith對.....規(guī)定嚴格talkwith和....談?wù)?）其他looklike看起來象......hearfrom收到....來信learnfrom向.....學(xué)習(xí)turnup/down調(diào)大/小音量listento聽......getup起床too.....to....太....不能....實戰(zhàn)演練一．選擇填空，并把其字母編號寫在括號內(nèi)。()1.It’stime______supper.A.at B.in C.on D.for()2.It’snotime______school.It’stime______gobackhome.A.to,forB.to,toC.for,to()3.MrBrowncomes______America.A.at B.from C.in D.to()4.What’sthis_____English?A.in B.at C.on D.under()5.SometimesIgotoschool_____foot.A.by B.in C.on D.with()6.Count（數(shù)）_____one_____ten.A.from,by B.from,to C.to,to D.at,to()7.Mysisterislooking____hernewshoesnow.A.at B.after C.for D.to()8.It’scoldoutside.Please_____yourwarmclothes.A.putin B.takeoff C.puton D.putup()9.Theclassroomisquitedifferent_____thatone.A.of B.from C.with D.like()10.A:Domanychildreninourclassoftenskate________winter?B:Yes,theyusuallyhavefun_______winter.A.in,inB.on,onC.at,at()11.A:Doestheautumnstart_________August?B;Sometimesitdoes.Butusuallyitstarts_______September.A.in,inB.on,onC.at,at()12.Iusuallyplaytabletennis________school.A.afterB.whenC.by()13.Ilikesummer.Isitcool______autumn?What_______summer?Oh,itistoohot.A.in,aboutonB.on,aboutonC.in,aboutin()14.A:Doyoulistentotheradio_______alongtime?B:No,Ioftenlistentoit______________twentyminutes.A.for,toB.for,forC.to,for()15.WhenisMayDay?It’s_______thefirstofMay.A.onB.inC.at()16.Theywillmovetothenewschool______nextMonday.A.onB.inC./()17.Healwaysgoestoschoolat7:00______everyday.A.onB.inC./()18.Shedoesherhomework______halfanhoureveryday.A.inB.forC./二、用所給的介詞填空。in,from,for,with,against,with,on,to,at,of1.Gostraightahead,thepostofficeis________yourright.2.Wecouldbuyhamburgers_______lunch.3.Ihelpmymother______thehousework.4.Youcancomeandhavedinner______us.5.Ipaintedapicture_______horses.6.Billisaheavyboy_______shorthair.7.Adultsusuallygiveluckymoneytochildren_______SpringFestival.8.It’sapostcard（明信片）__________theUSA.9.Ilive_________theeighthfloor.11.Areyoulistening________me?12.Weusuallystay________home______Saturdayafternoon.13.Shallwemeet_______thegate（大門）_______theschool?14.Don’twalk_______thegrass.15.Somechildrenareswimming_______theriver（河）.三．用適當介詞填空1.Canyouseethewordswritten________theblackboard?(in,on,by,with)2.Thereisaslogan(標語)_______thewall.(on,in,over,above)3._______thehelp_______theteachers,thestudentshavemadegreatprogress_______theirstudy.(on,in,of,with)4.Hewillbeback_______aminute.(on,in,for,by)5.What’sthis______(at,on,in)English?6.Christmasis______(at,on,in)the25thofDecember.7.Isthereacat______(under,behind,in)thedoor?8.Theman______(with,on,in)blackisSuHai’sfather.9.Hedoesn’tdowell______(at,on,in)PE.10.Lookatthosebirds______(on,in)thetree.11.Wearegoingtomeet______(at,on,in)thebusstop_____(at,on,in)halfpastten.12.Isthereacat______(under,behind,in)thedoor?13.Welive______(at,on,in)anewhousenow.14.Doesitoftenrain______(at,on,in)springthere?四．判斷下列介詞用得是否對的，對的的畫“√”，錯誤的畫“×”，并將錯誤的改正過來。（10分）（）1.It’stimetolunch. （）2.It’shotoutside.Pleaseputonyourcoat. （）3.Howaboutthisskirt? （）4.Who’satdutytoday? （）5.Myfather’sbirthdayisatthelstofJune .（）6.Onthestreet,therearemanycars. （）7.Icanseelotswithtress. （）8.Doyouliketoplaywithayo-yo? （）9.Thereisaparkinthetheatre. （）10.Inyourright,Icanseetwoboys. 五．單項選擇。（15分）（）1.—What’sthis English?—It’sanapple.A.onB.inC.atD.of（）2.Lily,canyougoshopping me?A.nearB.atC.withD.from（）3.Englishisspoken America.A.inB.atC.byD.with