新教材2024版高中英語(yǔ)Unit2LessonsinlifeSectionⅣWriting-如何寫概要寫作學(xué)生用書外研版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

SectionⅣWriting——如何寫概要寫作PartⅠ文體感知Ⅰ.框架建構(gòu)：整體理解1．SkimthesummaryofTheBlueBirdandyou'llfindthatthefirstparagraphintroducesthemain________，________and________oftheplay.2．Thecentralideaoftheplayisthathappinessistobefoundnotin________suchaswealth,butinsimplethingsthatarefoundin________，andinactsof________and________．Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表達(dá)TitleandauthoroftheplayTheBlueBird;MauriceMaeterlinckMaincharacter(s)________&________StartoftheplayThey________onadangerousjourneyinsearchoftheBlueBird.ClimaxTyltyldiscoversthebluebirdhasbeenthereinhishomeallthetime.ConclusionThebird________，andTyltylaskstheaudiencetosearchforit.Ⅲ.學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)1setoff(1)動(dòng)身，動(dòng)身(2)使爆炸(3)引發(fā)，激起?Theysetoffbeforedawn.他們黎明前就動(dòng)身了。?IwillsetoffforBeijingtomorrow.我明天將動(dòng)身去北京。?Thechildrengatheredinthegardentosetofffireworks.孩子們聚集在花園里放煙花。?Newsthattheclaimmightbetruesetoffwidespreadpanic.這一說(shuō)法可能屬實(shí)的消息引起了普遍的恐慌。setaside暫不考慮；省出，留出setdown寫下，登記setup建立，創(chuàng)立；建起，豎起setout動(dòng)身，動(dòng)身；陳述，闡明setaboutdoing＝setouttodo著手做[即學(xué)即練]寫出下列句中setoff的含義①I'llsetoffearlytoavoidthetraffic.____________②Theletterfromhisparentssetoffasenseofhomesickness.____________③BoyslikesettingofffireworksduringtheSpringFestival.____________2本部分重要短語(yǔ)：①insearchof找尋②intheend最終，最終③tothepoint簡(jiǎn)明恰當(dāng)，中肯(教材原句)Asthechildrenofapoorwoodcutter,theyaresecretlyobservingapartyatthehomeoftheirwealthylandlordswhenafairyappears.作為一個(gè)貧困樵夫的孩子，當(dāng)一個(gè)仙女出現(xiàn)時(shí)，他們正在富有的地主家里隱私地辦一個(gè)聚會(huì)。bedoing...when...句式，意為“正在做某事……，突然……”，一般強(qiáng)調(diào)意料之外的狀況。類似句式有：beabouttodo...when.../beonthepointofdoing...when...剛要做……，突然……h(huán)adjustdone...when...剛剛做完……，突然……beonone'sway(to)．..when...(去)……途中，突然……behalfway(to)…when...……做了一半時(shí)，突然……?IwasdrivingdowntoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.我正往倫敦開(kāi)，突然發(fā)覺(jué)走錯(cuò)路了。?Jackwasworkinginthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.杰克正在試驗(yàn)室里工作時(shí)，突然停電了。?Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.我們剛要?jiǎng)由?，突然就起先下雨了。[語(yǔ)境助記](méi)Shewasonthepointofclosingthedoorwhenoneofherclassmatescalledhername,outofbreath.她剛要關(guān)上門，突然她的一個(gè)同學(xué)氣喘吁吁地叫她。[即學(xué)活用]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Lucywaswalkinginthestreet________adogdashedtoher.②Hewasabout________(dive)whenhesawashark.③Hewasonthepointof________(give)upwhenhismotherencouragedhim.④They________(do)achemistryexperimentwhentheirclothescaughtfire.PartⅡWritingasummary概要寫作是對(duì)閱讀理解和寫作的綜合考查，須要學(xué)生在正確理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，在不變更原文中心思想、體裁和結(jié)構(gòu)的前提下，用精簡(jiǎn)的語(yǔ)句高度概括文章的主要內(nèi)容和觀點(diǎn)?？荚囍械母乓獙懽饕话愎?yīng)一篇350詞左右的短文，以說(shuō)明文和爭(zhēng)論文為主，要求學(xué)生依據(jù)短文寫出一篇60詞左右的概要。1．寫作步驟(1)細(xì)致閱讀并理解文章大意；(2)從宏觀角度抓住主題句，忽視次要信息；(3)運(yùn)用自己的語(yǔ)言高度概括文章，形成全文的概要。2．寫作中語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的留意事項(xiàng)(1)精確運(yùn)用詞匯和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)：奇異運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)中常用的高分表達(dá)，如定語(yǔ)從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等。(2)有效運(yùn)用邏輯關(guān)系詞，保證上下文的連貫性。常見(jiàn)的邏輯詞有：并列關(guān)系：and,or,also,too,aswell(也)，both...,and...,either...or...(或者……或者……)等遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：what'smore(而且)，besides(除此以外)，inaddition(此外)，furthermore/moreover(再者)，notonly...butalso...(不但……而且……)等轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but,however,though等先后依次關(guān)系：first,second,firstofall,tobeginwith,finally,lastbutnotleast等因果關(guān)系：because,becauseof,owingto(因?yàn)?，dueto(由于)，asaresultof(由于)，therefore,consequently(結(jié)果)，asaresult(結(jié)果)，thus/therefore(因此)等歸納總結(jié)：onthewhole(總體來(lái)說(shuō))，inaword/inconclusion/insummary/inshort(總之)等(3)保證語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的獨(dú)立性，學(xué)會(huì)通過(guò)同義轉(zhuǎn)換、句子重構(gòu)等方法用自己的語(yǔ)言概括原文的主題句。例如：atsunamithatcrashedintothecoastsofAsia中crashedinto可以換成hitgovernmentofficialssaid中said可以換成statedIhavelookedformymissingdictionaryeverywhere.中missing可以換成lostThenumberofdeathsisexpectedtogrowevenhigher.中isexpected可以換成ispredictedkillingmorethan6，500people可以改寫成withmorethan6，500peoplekilledHowever,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadsmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.可以改寫成However,itisdifficulttodeliverfoodandsuppliesbecauseof/owingto/duetodangerousconditionsanddamagedroads.典題演練閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Scientistssayahugepercentageofbirdspeciesareindangerbecausetheirhabitats,orhomelands,aredisappearing.Traditionalmigrationpathstakebirdsthroughcountriesthatarenotprotectinglocationstostop,restandfeed.Thescientistsstudiedthemigration,orfight,paths,ofalmost1，500species.Thedecidedthat91percentofthempassedthroughdangerousareas.Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.Buildingandpavinghavecoveredovernaturewherebirdsstopandfeedasthemovefromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Forexample,abirdcalledthebar-tailedgodwitmigratesfromitsbreedinggroundsintheArctic.ItfliesallthewaytothesouthernhemisphereinAustraliaandNewZealand.Alongtheway,thesmallbirdsstopatYellowSeamudflatsinChina,Korea.Oneofthescientistsworkingonthestudysays“manyofthesecriticalsiteshavebeenlosttolandreclamation(開(kāi)墾)owingtourban,industrialandagriculturalexpansion.”Theproblem,accordingtoinvestigators,isthatmanyofthesesmallbirdsdiealongtheirmigrationbecausetheydon'thaveasafeplacetoeatandrest.Thereisnoplacetorestoretheirenergyforthenextlegoftheirjourney.“Theysimplyperish(死亡)alongtheway，”saysoneofthescientists.CountriesinNorthAfrica,CentralAsiaandthosealongthecoastsofEastAsiaarehavingthemostdifficulttimeconservingland.Thescientistssaythesecountriesdonothaveenoughareasthataresafeforbirds.Theresearcherssaycountriesneedtoworktogetherandprovidesafestopoverareasforbirdsthatpassthroughtheirboundaries.Forexample,onecountrymighthavepreservedsafezonesformigratingbirds.Butaneighborcountrymightnot.Abirdmightperish.OnescientisttellstheLosAngelesTimesthatwhilesomehabitatsarechanging,moreworkcanbedonetomakeurbanareassafeforbirds.Hesayssmallchanges—likeplantingmorenativeplantsorkeepingcatsoutofareasbirdswouldbelikelytouse—couldmakeabigdifference.一、讀懂原文，歸納大意本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，是典型的“總—分—總”的結(jié)構(gòu)，即提出問(wèn)題—分析問(wèn)題—解決問(wèn)題，結(jié)構(gòu)明確，要點(diǎn)清楚。科學(xué)家指出世界上大部分的鳥(niǎo)類的生存受到威逼。最大的威逼來(lái)自人類的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。呼吁世界各國(guó)加強(qiáng)合作，為過(guò)境的鳥(niǎo)兒供應(yīng)平安的棲息地，改善現(xiàn)狀。二、定位主題句，抓關(guān)鍵信息Para.1：Scientistssayahugepercentageofbirdspeciesareindangerbecausetheirhabitats,orhomelands,aredisappearing.Para.2：Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.Para.3:Theproblem,accordingtoinvestigators,isthatmanyofthesesmallbirdsdiealongtheirmigrationbecausetheydon'thaveasafeplacetoeatandrest.Para.4：Theresearcherssaycountriesneedtoworktogetherandprovidesafestopoverareasforbirdsthatpassthroughtheirboundaries.和Smallchanges...couldmakeabigdifference.三、整理要點(diǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)要點(diǎn)1第一段主題句中的birdspeciesareindanger可改為endangeredbirdspecies;becausetheirhabitats,orhomelands,aredisappearing可改為短語(yǔ)duetothedisappearanceoftheirhabitatsorhomelands。要點(diǎn)2其次段主題句中的Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.可用另一種結(jié)構(gòu)和表達(dá)方式，比如：Developmentaccountsfor/istoblameforthemajordangerofmigratorybirds.要點(diǎn)3第三段主題句中的becausetheydon'thaveasafeplacetoeatandrest可整合為forthelackofasafeeatingandrestingplace。要點(diǎn)4第四段主題句中的needtoworktogether可用makejointefforts來(lái)替換；smallchanges可改為alittlekindness，makeabigdifference可改為contributealot。四、連接過(guò)渡，檢查抄寫_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________