新教材2024版高中英語Unit2LessonsinlifeSectionⅣWriting-如何寫概要寫作學生用書外研版選擇性必修第四冊

SectionⅣWriting——如何寫概要寫作PartⅠ文體感知Ⅰ.框架建構：整體理解1．SkimthesummaryofTheBlueBirdandyou'llfindthatthefirstparagraphintroducesthemain________，________and________oftheplay.2．Thecentralideaoftheplayisthathappinessistobefoundnotin________suchaswealth,butinsimplethingsthatarefoundin________，andinactsof________and________．Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表達TitleandauthoroftheplayTheBlueBird;MauriceMaeterlinckMaincharacter(s)________&________StartoftheplayThey________onadangerousjourneyinsearchoftheBlueBird.ClimaxTyltyldiscoversthebluebirdhasbeenthereinhishomeallthetime.ConclusionThebird________，andTyltylaskstheaudiencetosearchforit.Ⅲ.學問點1setoff(1)動身，動身(2)使爆炸(3)引發(fā)，激起?Theysetoffbeforedawn.他們黎明前就動身了。?IwillsetoffforBeijingtomorrow.我明天將動身去北京。?Thechildrengatheredinthegardentosetofffireworks.孩子們聚集在花園里放煙花。?Newsthattheclaimmightbetruesetoffwidespreadpanic.這一說法可能屬實的消息引起了普遍的恐慌。setaside暫不考慮；省出，留出setdown寫下，登記setup建立，創(chuàng)立；建起，豎起setout動身，動身；陳述，闡明setaboutdoing＝setouttodo著手做[即學即練]寫出下列句中setoff的含義①I'llsetoffearlytoavoidthetraffic.____________②Theletterfromhisparentssetoffasenseofhomesickness.____________③BoyslikesettingofffireworksduringtheSpringFestival.____________2本部分重要短語：①insearchof找尋②intheend最終，最終③tothepoint簡明恰當，中肯(教材原句)Asthechildrenofapoorwoodcutter,theyaresecretlyobservingapartyatthehomeoftheirwealthylandlordswhenafairyappears.作為一個貧困樵夫的孩子，當一個仙女出現(xiàn)時，他們正在富有的地主家里隱私地辦一個聚會。bedoing...when...句式，意為“正在做某事……，突然……”，一般強調意料之外的狀況。類似句式有：beabouttodo...when.../beonthepointofdoing...when...剛要做……，突然……h(huán)adjustdone...when...剛剛做完……，突然……beonone'sway(to)．..when...(去)……途中，突然……behalfway(to)…when...……做了一半時，突然……?IwasdrivingdowntoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.我正往倫敦開，突然發(fā)覺走錯路了。?Jackwasworkinginthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.杰克正在試驗室里工作時，突然停電了。?Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.我們剛要動身，突然就起先下雨了。[語境助記]Shewasonthepointofclosingthedoorwhenoneofherclassmatescalledhername,outofbreath.她剛要關上門，突然她的一個同學氣喘吁吁地叫她。[即學活用]單句語法填空①Lucywaswalkinginthestreet________adogdashedtoher.②Hewasabout________(dive)whenhesawashark.③Hewasonthepointof________(give)upwhenhismotherencouragedhim.④They________(do)achemistryexperimentwhentheirclothescaughtfire.PartⅡWritingasummary概要寫作是對閱讀理解和寫作的綜合考查，須要學生在正確理解文章的基礎上，在不變更原文中心思想、體裁和結構的前提下，用精簡的語句高度概括文章的主要內容和觀點。考試中的概要寫作一般供應一篇350詞左右的短文，以說明文和爭論文為主，要求學生依據(jù)短文寫出一篇60詞左右的概要。1．寫作步驟(1)細致閱讀并理解文章大意；(2)從宏觀角度抓住主題句，忽視次要信息；(3)運用自己的語言高度概括文章，形成全文的概要。2．寫作中語言表達的留意事項(1)精確運用詞匯和語法結構：奇異運用英語中常用的高分表達，如定語從句、強調句、非謂語動詞等。(2)有效運用邏輯關系詞，保證上下文的連貫性。常見的邏輯詞有：并列關系：and,or,also,too,aswell(也)，both...,and...,either...or...(或者……或者……)等遞進關系：what'smore(而且)，besides(除此以外)，inaddition(此外)，furthermore/moreover(再者)，notonly...butalso...(不但……而且……)等轉折關系：but,however,though等先后依次關系：first,second,firstofall,tobeginwith,finally,lastbutnotleast等因果關系：because,becauseof,owingto(因為)，dueto(由于)，asaresultof(由于)，therefore,consequently(結果)，asaresult(結果)，thus/therefore(因此)等歸納總結：onthewhole(總體來說)，inaword/inconclusion/insummary/inshort(總之)等(3)保證語言表達的獨立性，學會通過同義轉換、句子重構等方法用自己的語言概括原文的主題句。例如：atsunamithatcrashedintothecoastsofAsia中crashedinto可以換成hitgovernmentofficialssaid中said可以換成statedIhavelookedformymissingdictionaryeverywhere.中missing可以換成lostThenumberofdeathsisexpectedtogrowevenhigher.中isexpected可以換成ispredictedkillingmorethan6，500people可以改寫成withmorethan6，500peoplekilledHowever,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadsmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.可以改寫成However,itisdifficulttodeliverfoodandsuppliesbecauseof/owingto/duetodangerousconditionsanddamagedroads.典題演練閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)其內容寫一篇60詞左右的內容概要。Scientistssayahugepercentageofbirdspeciesareindangerbecausetheirhabitats,orhomelands,aredisappearing.Traditionalmigrationpathstakebirdsthroughcountriesthatarenotprotectinglocationstostop,restandfeed.Thescientistsstudiedthemigration,orfight,paths,ofalmost1，500species.Thedecidedthat91percentofthempassedthroughdangerousareas.Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.Buildingandpavinghavecoveredovernaturewherebirdsstopandfeedasthemovefromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Forexample,abirdcalledthebar-tailedgodwitmigratesfromitsbreedinggroundsintheArctic.ItfliesallthewaytothesouthernhemisphereinAustraliaandNewZealand.Alongtheway,thesmallbirdsstopatYellowSeamudflatsinChina,Korea.Oneofthescientistsworkingonthestudysays“manyofthesecriticalsiteshavebeenlosttolandreclamation(開墾)owingtourban,industrialandagriculturalexpansion.”Theproblem,accordingtoinvestigators,isthatmanyofthesesmallbirdsdiealongtheirmigrationbecausetheydon'thaveasafeplacetoeatandrest.Thereisnoplacetorestoretheirenergyforthenextlegoftheirjourney.“Theysimplyperish(死亡)alongtheway，”saysoneofthescientists.CountriesinNorthAfrica,CentralAsiaandthosealongthecoastsofEastAsiaarehavingthemostdifficulttimeconservingland.Thescientistssaythesecountriesdonothaveenoughareasthataresafeforbirds.Theresearcherssaycountriesneedtoworktogetherandprovidesafestopoverareasforbirdsthatpassthroughtheirboundaries.Forexample,onecountrymighthavepreservedsafezonesformigratingbirds.Butaneighborcountrymightnot.Abirdmightperish.OnescientisttellstheLosAngelesTimesthatwhilesomehabitatsarechanging,moreworkcanbedonetomakeurbanareassafeforbirds.Hesayssmallchanges—likeplantingmorenativeplantsorkeepingcatsoutofareasbirdswouldbelikelytouse—couldmakeabigdifference.一、讀懂原文，歸納大意本文是一篇說明文，是典型的“總—分—總”的結構，即提出問題—分析問題—解決問題，結構明確，要點清楚。科學家指出世界上大部分的鳥類的生存受到威逼。最大的威逼來自人類的經濟發(fā)展。呼吁世界各國加強合作，為過境的鳥兒供應平安的棲息地，改善現(xiàn)狀。二、定位主題句，抓關鍵信息Para.1：Scientistssayahugepercentageofbirdspeciesareindangerbecausetheirhabitats,orhomelands,aredisappearing.Para.2：Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.Para.3:Theproblem,accordingtoinvestigators,isthatmanyofthesesmallbirdsdiealongtheirmigrationbecausetheydon'thaveasafeplacetoeatandrest.Para.4：Theresearcherssaycountriesneedtoworktogetherandprovidesafestopoverareasforbirdsthatpassthroughtheirboundaries.和Smallchanges...couldmakeabigdifference.三、整理要點，轉換表達要點1第一段主題句中的birdspeciesareindanger可改為endangeredbirdspecies;becausetheirhabitats,orhomelands,aredisappearing可改為短語duetothedisappearanceoftheirhabitatsorhomelands。要點2其次段主題句中的Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.可用另一種結構和表達方式，比如：Developmentaccountsfor/istoblameforthemajordangerofmigratorybirds.要點3第三段主題句中的becausetheydon'thaveasafeplacetoeatandrest可整合為forthelackofasafeeatingandrestingplace。要點4第四段主題句中的needtoworktogether可用makejointefforts來替換；smallchanges可改為alittlekindness，makeabigdifference可改為contributealot。四、連接過渡，檢查抄寫_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________