中考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)周圍的環(huán)境

周圍的環(huán)境(Personalenvironment)(9)房屋與住所(Kindsofhomes)(10)居室(Roomsinhomes)(11)家具和家庭用品(Furniture&householditems)(12)社區(qū)(Community)七下M4Lifeinthefuture七下M6Aroundtown八上M2Myhometownandmycountry九下M3Lifenowandthen世界與環(huán)境(Theworldandtheenvironment）(74)國(guó)家與民族(Countriesandnationalities)(75)環(huán)境保護(hù)(Environmentalprotection)(76)人口(Population)八上M9Population九上M12SaveourworldPart1與本話題相關(guān)的核心詞匯與短語(yǔ)環(huán)境問(wèn)題environmentindustryrubbishpolluteplasticspreadendangeredwastewaterfactoryfarmdirtywastecausespreadoverinrecentyearsinthepastsituationenvironmentalproblemthrowawaybeworriedaboutheavyrainsealevelcutdownbeharmfultotroublenoiselitternaturaldestroywildair/water/noisepollutioninthefuture環(huán)境保護(hù)energycollectreducesavegovernmentimproverecycleusedenvironment-friendlypulltogethermakeadifferencetocomeupwithwiththismethodasmuch/manyaspossibletakeactioncleano...takeouttherubbishtakesteps/measuresmakecontributiontocallonprotect...from/againstsolvetheproblempolicyprotectreusegreenswitchoffpayattentiontotakecareofclearout周圍環(huán)境介紹alongpastthewaytogetto=arriveat/in=reachgetoff/onintheeast/west/north/southofontheeast/west/north/southofacrossoppositetakea/an/the+交通工具near=nexttoonthecoasttotheeast/west/north/southofthroughoverthereinthemiddleofonone’sleft/rightthepopulationofPart2與本話題相關(guān)的核心句子、篇章及寫(xiě)作一、漢譯英1.在未來(lái)，天氣的改變并不意味著衣服的改變。_____________________________________________________________________2.海平面也會(huì)上升。_____________________________________________________________________3.也許在空中會(huì)有交通堵塞。_____________________________________________________________________4.當(dāng)車的數(shù)量加倍時(shí)，污染也會(huì)加倍，甚至更糟糕。_____________________________________________________________________5.當(dāng)人口增長(zhǎng)過(guò)快時(shí)，它會(huì)導(dǎo)致許多問(wèn)題，例如：太多的交通（堵塞）和噪音。_____________________________________________________________________6.交通狀況總是很糟糕，更不用說(shuō)空氣污染了。_____________________________________________________________________7.也將會(huì)有更多當(dāng)?shù)氐尼t(yī)院來(lái)滿足增長(zhǎng)的人口的需要。______________________________________________________________________8.污染是我們的大敵，我們要與之斗爭(zhēng)。_____________________________________________________________________9.在一些地方，來(lái)自工廠的污染蔓延至城市和村莊。_____________________________________________________________________10.我們需要一個(gè)健康的環(huán)境，但是我們每天產(chǎn)生太多的廢棄物。_____________________________________________________________________11.當(dāng)你不需要燈的時(shí)候，關(guān)掉他們。_____________________________________________________________________12.不要浪費(fèi)東西，盡可能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間使用物品，把物品改成其他的東西來(lái)重新使用。_____________________________________________________________________13.把你的垃圾分類為：玻璃，塑料，紙和橡膠。_____________________________________________________________________二、完型填空Theenvironmentiseverythingaroundusinthenaturalworld.Itistheearth,theair,rivers,lakes,forestsandseas.Theseare1humanbeingsdependonforaliving.Allnaturalwasteis2.Animalwasteanddeadbodiesarebrokendownbysmallcreatures,likethosewormsinthesoil.Thisistheir3.Thecarbondioxidethatpeopleandanimalsbreathe（呼吸）outisusedbyplantstobreatheandhelpthem4.Plantsgiveoutoxygenwhichpeopleandanimalsneedtobreathein.Plants5waterthroughtheirroots.Theypassitoutthroughtheirleaves6moisture（水分）.Thismoisture,togetherwithwatervapourcomingfromriversandseas,risesandturnsintowaterdropletsandformsclouds.Largerwaterdropletsthenfalldownintheformof7.Inthisway,thewatergoes8totheearth,riversandseastobeusedagain.However,humanshavemadealotofchangestotheearth.Thetechnologyandindustryhavemadelife9,buttheyalsoproducealotofnewwaste.Naturefindsthisnewwastehardor10torecycle.Manshalldealwiththisproblembeforeitistoolate.1．A．how B．what C．which D．where2．A．a(chǎn)voided B．a(chǎn)llowed C．reduced D．recycled3．A．food B．hobby C．method D．support4．A．grow B．continue C．progress D．increase5．A．putaway B．giveoff C．takeup D．holdon6．A．like B．with C．in D．a(chǎn)s7．A．wind B．rain C．storm D．shower8．A．forward B．a(chǎn)bout C．back D．a(chǎn)way9．A．slower B．easier C．heavier D．cheaper10．A．helpful B．valuable C．impossible D．unnecessary三、語(yǔ)法填空AMostnewbabies11._____(be)borninthedevelopingcountries.Thesecountriesare12.______(find)inAfrica,SouthAmericaandpartsofAsia.InthedevelopedcountriesofEuropeandNorthAmerica,thepopulation(人口)isgrowingvery13._______(slow).Thisis14.______(連詞)womeninthesecountrieshave,onaverage(平均),onlyoneortwo15.______(child).Inthedevelopingcountries,manywomenhavefiveormorechildren.In1950,aboutonequarteroftheworld'spopulationlivedinthedevelopedcountries.By2050,thesecountrieswillbehometoonlyaboutone16.________(ten)oftheworld'speople.Inthedevelopingcountries,morethanonebillionpeoplearestill17._______(live)belowthepoverty(貧困)line.Thesepeopledonothaveenoughfoodtoeatandtheyliveinpoorhousingconditions.Childrengetlittletimeatschoolandsuffer18._______(介詞)manykindsofdiseases.Atthe19.________(begin)ofthe21stcentury,theworld'spopulationwasaroundsix20.______(billion).TheU.N.hassaidthattheworld'spopulationwillleveloff(平穩(wěn)下降)at12.5billionbytheyear2100.Othergroupsthinktheworld'spopulationwillcontinuetogrow,reaching14billionbeforeitbecomesstable(穩(wěn)定的),orevenfalls.BLondon,21._____(冠詞)capitaloftheUK,22.______(have)apopulationofover9million.Fromabouttheyear1800untilWorldWarⅡ,Londonwasthe23.______(big)cityintheworld.Butnowtherearemanycitieswhicharemuchbiggerthanit.Londonisfamous24._____(介詞)manythings.25.______(tour)comefromallovertheworldtovisititsfamousbuildings,enjoyitsbeautifulsceneryandhearthefamousclock,BigBen.Likemanybigcities,Londonhasproblemswith26.______(traffic)andpollutionwhichstopthecityfrom27._______(develop).Overone28._______(million)peopleadayusetheLondonunderground,buttherearestilltoomanycarsonthestreets.Theairisn'tclean,butitisanyhow29._______(clean)thanitwas100yearsago.Forme,thebestthingsaboutLondonaretheparks.Therearefiveinthecitycentre.30.______(連詞)mychildren'sfavouriteplaceisHamleys,thebiggesttoyshopintheworld.四、閱讀理解AThehumanpopulationontheearthgrowslargereachyear.Asaresult,moreandmorefoodneedstobeproducedinordertofeedeveryone.Becauseofclimate(氣候)change,thistaskisbecomingevenmoredifficult.Inthepast,whenfarmerstriedtogrowmorefood,theywouldusemethodsthatweren'talwayshealthyfortheenvironment.Tosolvethisproblem,somescientistscarriedoutaresearchproject.Theyspentseveralyearstalkingtofarmers.Theywantedtoseewhatproblemsfarmerswerehavingandhowtheseproblemscouldbesolved.Thisledtothecreationofspecialrobots.Theserobotsmovearoundonfarmsandcollectmuchinformationaboutplants.Theycantakepicturesofplantsandcheckeachplant'sgrowth.Inthepast,thoughfarmersdidhaveinformationabouttheenvironmentandtheweather,theydidn'thavethetimeorabilitytocheckeachplant.Now,withtheserobots,theycan.Bycollectingmoreinformationaboutplants,scientistsbelievethatcomputerscanhelpfarmersknowhowtheirplantswillgrow.Forexample,ifrobotscanfindwhichplantsareill,farmerscanquicklytakethemawaybeforetheyareabletohurtotherplants.Theinformationwillalsoallowfarmerstoonlyfertilizeandwatertheplantsinneed.Andthentheycanbemuchstrongerandhealthier.Sostudyingeachplantcouldendupsavingtimeandmoney.()31.Whatmakesthetaskofproducingmorefoodbecomemoredifficult?A.Farmworkers. B.Researchprojects.C.Climatechange. D.Populationgrowth.()32.Whatspecialabilitydotherobotsinthetexthave?A.Tocheckeachplant. B.Totelltheweather.C.Totakepicturesoffarmers. D.Totakeawayplants.()33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fertilize”inthetextprobablymean?A.收割 B.施肥 C.排列 D.降溫()34.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Afilmwebsite. B.Ahistorybook.C.Atouristguide. D.Asciencemagazine.BWiththedevelopmentoftheeconomy,theproblemoftheleft-behindchildren(留守兒童)hasbecomeaserioussocialproblem.Moreandmorepeoplebelieveweshoulddosomethingtohelpthem.Thebiggestproblemisthatthechildrenarealllookingforwardtothelovefromtheirparents.Manyofthemcanjustgetacalloraletterfromtheirparentshalfayearorseveralyears.Sosomechildrenstillcan'trememberwhattheirparentslooklike.Whentheymeettheirowntroubles,theyhavenoonetotalkwith.Nobodycangivethemenoughcare.Becauseofbeingtoofarawayfromtheirparents,thestudyoftheleft-behindchildrenisthesecondbiggestproblem.Fromareportabouttheirstudy,only2%ofthechildrengetgoodresults,while10%getcommonresultsand88%getpoorones.Whatapity!Therearealsomanyotherproblemsoftheleft-behindchildren,suchashavingnoability(能力)toprotectthemselves,unhealthylifestyles,spendingtoomuchpocketmoneyandtoomuchtimeontheInternetandsoon.Inaword,tosolvealltheproblemsoftheleft-behindchildrenneedsthegovernment,familiesandschoolstotrytheirbesttogether.()35.Whichisthemostseriousproblemoftheleft-behindchildrenaccordingtothepassage?A.Theydon'tstudywell. B.Theydon'tlovetheirparents.C.TheyarecrazyabouttheInternet. D.Theycan'tgetenoughlovefromtheirparents.()36.Manypeoplethink________.A.theleft-behindchildrenreceivemuchloveB.thegovernmentandfamiliesshoulddotheirbestC.weshoulddosomethingtohelptheleft-behindchildrenD.theparentsoftheleft-behindchildrendon'tcareaboutthem()37.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Theleft-behindchildren B.AserioussocialproblemC.Howtohelptheleft-behindchildren D.Theproblemsoftheleft-behindchildrenCTheBeijing2022WinterOlympicswereagreatsuccess.ChinakeptthepromisetoholdgreenOlympics.Manygreenactionsmadethempossible,likeprovidingenvironmentallyfriendlysmartbeds,usingnewenergy(能源)carswith100%cleanenergyandreusingrainandsnowwater.Takemakingiceasanexample.Chinadidn'tusecommonmaterialtomakeicebecauseitisn'tfriendlyenoughtotheenvironment.Through18months'hardwork,ChinaindependentlydevelopedtheCO2directcoolingtechnology(技術(shù)).Amongallthe15icesportingplacesintheWinterOlympics,7usedtheCO2directcoolingtechnologytomakeice.Asaresult,theycausedmuchlesspollution.Beijingdidsomuchmoretosaveenergy.Beijingbuiltthenewsportingplaceswithgreenmaterials.Asfortheoldones,Beijingusednewglasswallstotaketheplaceoftraditionalwallstoletmorenaturallightin.Wealsoreused70%ofthewasteheattokeepwarmanddry.AndweusedalargenumberofnewenergycarsattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicswerethefirsttotrulyrealizegreenWinterOlympics,andtheysetnewstandards(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))ingreentechnologies.SomenewspaperssaidChinahadsetanexamplefortheworldinenvironmentalprotectionandgreendevelopment.()38.HowlongdidittakeChinatodeveloptheCO2directcoolingtechnology?A.18months. B.100weeks.C.15days. D.7years.()39.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推斷)that________.A.allthebuildingswillbebuiltwithglasswallsinthenearfutureB.theCO2directcoolingtechnologymaybewidelyusedintheworldC.thehigh-pressureliquidCOwilltotallytaketheplaceofR507soonD.nonewstandardsingreentechnologiesmaybesetaftertheOlympics()40.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ANewGreenIce-makingTechnologyB.GreenTechnologiesUsedinSportsC.ASharedFutureofGreenDevelopmentD.TheGreenBeijingWinterOlympics五、寫(xiě)作每年的6月5日是世界環(huán)境日，我國(guó)2024年世界環(huán)境日以“全面推進(jìn)美麗中國(guó)建設(shè)”為主題，旨在深入學(xué)習(xí)宣傳貫徹習(xí)近平生態(tài)文明思想，引導(dǎo)全社會(huì)牢固樹(shù)立和踐行綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，動(dòng)員社會(huì)各界積極投身建設(shè)美麗中國(guó)、實(shí)現(xiàn)人與自然和諧共生的現(xiàn)代化的偉大實(shí)踐。請(qǐng)按照以下提示，以“ProtectOurEnvironmentinDailyLife”為題，寫(xiě)一篇90詞左右的倡議書(shū)。要求必須用到表格中的所有信息，對(duì)省略的信息進(jìn)行適當(dāng)補(bǔ)充，語(yǔ)句通順，書(shū)寫(xiě)規(guī)范。采取行動(dòng)(action)節(jié)省資源(saveresources)1.節(jié)省紙張：......2.節(jié)約用水：......3.節(jié)約用電：......4.節(jié)省木材：notuseone-off(一次性的)papercupsorchopsticks減少污染(reducepollution)1.保護(hù)樹(shù)木花草2.綠色出行：......3.垃圾分類：......提出希望(hopes)……________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、漢譯英1.那邊有一家大的書(shū)店，就沿著這條街，在路的右邊，銀行對(duì)面。____________________________________________________________________________2.穿過(guò)街道，沿著這條街走，在路左側(cè)的第三條街道左轉(zhuǎn)。___________________________________________________________________________3.它在康河（theRiverCam）河畔，有大約120,000的人口。___________________________________________________________________________4.學(xué)生們和游客們喜歡沿河乘船旅游。___________________________________________________________________________5.海岸上的小村莊和沙灘在假期很受歡迎。___________________________________________________________________________6.在過(guò)去，我們住在一間小房子里。（當(dāng)時(shí)）沒(méi)有電燈，只有蠟燭。___________________________________________________________________________7.我們每年只能吃一兩次肉。____________________________________________________________________________8.如今交通和旅游更加容易。____________________________________________________________________________9.一般來(lái)說(shuō)，我認(rèn)為如今的生活更好。____________________________________________________________________________二、完型填空ARichardwasborninCalifornia.He1withthreeoldersistersandtheyhadahappylife.Therewasfoodonthetableandhehadplentyofclothestoo.Theywenttogoodschoolsinthecity.Allthiswas2becauseoftheirfatherMichael.

Michaelwasbornina3familyinasmalltownjustoutsideMexicoCity.WhenMichaelwasaboy,therewasnotenoughfoodforhimtoeat,orfreshwatertodrink.Wheneverhewasthirsty,hewouldgototherivertocollect4.Michaellivedinasmallhouse.Manytimeshesleptonthe5,withjustablanketbetweenhimandtheground.

Thatallchangedattheageof17.Michael6totheUnitedStateswithhisfamily.ThefirstfewyearswerealmostasdifficultasitwasinMexico,but7thingsbegangettingbetter.

WhenMichaelturned19,hedecidedtogotoacommunitycollege.Hisfatherhadalwaysstressed(強(qiáng)調(diào))the8oflearningEnglishwhiletheylivedinMexico.ThatwasveryusefultoMichaelnow.SoonMichaelbroughthomeexcellentreportcards(成績(jī)報(bào)告單).9this,hewasabletogotouniversity.

Aftergraduatingfromtheuniversity,Michaelgotagreatjobthat10well,whichallowedhimtohelphisparents.Hesoonhadahappybigfamilyofhisown.

11.A.stoodup B.grewup C.livedup D.cutup12.A.possible B.patient C.important D.humorous13.A.big B.small C.rich D.poor14.A.food B.drink C.water D.juice15.A.bed B.table C.ground D.sofa16.A.travelled B.moved C.drove D.flew17.A.suddenly B.gradually C.clearly D.especially18.A.difference B.importance C.situation D.decision19.A.Becauseof B.Asfor C.Suchas D.Nextto20.A.spent B.took C.cost D.paidBIliveinPorto.ItisacityinthenorthofPortugal.Ithasapopulationofabout260,000people.Andit’sthe11biggestcityafterLisboninPortugal.It’sabeautifulcity.Peoplelike12aroundbecausetherearelotsofbeautifulstreets.Theyare13ofchurches,museumsandmarkets.ThereisaplacecalledFozwheretherearealotofoutdoorbarsand14.Peoplegothereattheweekendto15inthesun,enjoyfood,andwatchtheAtlantic.Theweatherhereisverydifferentfrom16inthesouthofPortugal.Thewintercanbevery17,anditsometimesrainsfordays.Thesummeriswonderful.It’ssunnybutnotusuallytoohot.Andit’spleasanttogotothemountainsorthebeach.WhatmanyvisitorslikethebestinPortoisthe18.Therearesomebeautifulbridges,andlotsofvisitors19boattrips.ButIthinkthebestthingsaboutPortoarethepeopleandtheatmosphere(氛圍).It’squitesmallandit’sverysafeandfriendly.It’saworkingcityandithasarealsenseofhistory.Andthat’s20Ilikelivingheresomuch.()11.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth()12.A.walking B.driving C.running D.flying()13.A.fond B.careful C.sure D.full()11.A.toilets B.bookstores C.restaurants D.hospitals()15.A.teach B.fly C.fight D.sit()16.A.it B.that C.them D.this()17.A.wet B.dry C.snowy D.stormy()18.A.mountain B.street C.tower D.river()19.A.goout B.goon C.godown D.goup()20.A.what B.because C.why D.how三、語(yǔ)法填空Wouldyouliketoliveinacitywherebuildingsturnthelightsoffforyou,andself-drivingcarswillfindthe1._______(near)parkingspacethemselves?2._______(連詞)itmightsoundalittlefarfromyou,3._____