2025版高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)突破專題二“形”“態(tài)”各異的動(dòng)詞第一講動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)與主謂一致考點(diǎn)二被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

考點(diǎn)二被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式(以do為例)時(shí)態(tài)一般式進(jìn)行式完成式現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are＋doneam/is/are＋being＋donehave/has＋been＋done過(guò)去時(shí)was/were＋donewas/were＋being＋donehad＋been＋done將來(lái)時(shí)shall/willbe＋doneshall/will＋havebeen＋done過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)would/shouldbe＋donewould/should＋havebeen＋doneAfterschoolwewenttothereadingroomtodosomereading,onlytobetoldthatitwasbeingdecorated.(過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))放學(xué)后，我們?nèi)ラ営[室看書，結(jié)果卻被告知閱覽室正在裝修?！军c(diǎn)津】(1)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can,may,must,haveto，usedto等)＋be＋done”構(gòu)成；(2)含有begoingto,beto,beaboutto等結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其構(gòu)成為“begoingto(beto,beaboutto)＋be＋done”。二、主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義的幾種狀況英語(yǔ)中有很多動(dòng)詞，如clean,sell,read,write,wash等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)特征時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，主語(yǔ)通常是物；在這種狀況下，常常和easily,well等副詞連用。Thiskindofclothcleanseasily.這種布料簡(jiǎn)潔清洗?！军c(diǎn)津】(1)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)意義強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)的特征，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。(2)感官動(dòng)詞feel,sound,taste,look等后跟形容詞、名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，無(wú)被動(dòng)形式。Junkfoodtastesdeliciousbutitdoesn'tcontainenoughnutrition.垃圾食品吃起來(lái)美味但養(yǎng)分不足。(3)在need,want,require,deserve,bear等動(dòng)詞，worth等形容詞的后面，動(dòng)詞-ing形式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。Yourcompositionstillrequirespolishing/tobepublished.你的文章出版前還需潤(rùn)色。(4)在某些“主語(yǔ)(人/物)＋be＋形容詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式”中，動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。這些形容詞有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。Theproblemisdifficulttoworkout.這個(gè)問(wèn)題很難解決。(可看作省略了forme)(5)betorent/blame也屬于主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。Whoistoblameforthemistake?誰(shuí)應(yīng)為這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤擔(dān)當(dāng)責(zé)任？即時(shí)演練(五)單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2024·全國(guó)甲卷)Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstillbeemployed(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.2．Whenreceivingtheletterlastnight,Ididn'tnoticewhatwasmarked(mark)onthebackoftheletter.3．Ourcityisbecomingamodernone.Moreandmoretallbuildingshavebeenbuilt(build)inthelastfiveyears.4．Thislisteningmaterial,togetherwithitsCD-ROMs,sells(sell)well.5．Meetingsareheld(hold)everytwodaysinthecompanyandheisfedupwiththem.6．(2024·浙江1月卷)IntheMingDynasty，thecenterwastheForbiddenCity，surroundedinconcentric(同心的)circlesbytheInnerCityandOuterCi