2025版新教材高中英語Unit1PeopleofAchievementSectionⅣ寫作指導(dǎo)提能作業(yè)新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

UNIT1SectionⅣⅠ.閱讀理解(2024·江蘇省蘇州市下學(xué)期高一模擬預(yù)料)DrPaulFarmer,whodiedunexpectedlyattheageof62inRwanda,wasoneofthemostextraordinarypeopleIhaveeverknown.Asco-founderoftheglobalhealthorganizationPartnersinHealth,Paulspentmorethan30yearschangingthewayhealthcareisdeliveredinthepoorestplacesonearth.Alongtheway,hisfinemind,bigheart,andcontinuousdrivetodogoodinspiredcountlessotherstofollowhisexample.WhilestillastudentatHarvardMedicalSchoolinthe1980s,Paulandhiscolleaguesopenedaone-roomclinicinremoteCange,Haiti,wheretheynotonlycaredforlocals,buttrainedateamofhealthworkerstoservethesurroundingareas.Helivedthereinasimplehomewithconcretefloors,andnohotwater,notsodifferentfromtheadaptedbushegrewupinwithhisparentsinFlorida.Withinafewyears,theclinic'sworkgainedworldwidenoticeforbringingtuberculosis(肺結(jié)核)undercontrolinthearea.Today,PartnersinHealthoperates16healthinstitutionsinHaiti,andemploysalocalstaffofnearly7,000.Theyalsooperatein11othercountries,includingRwanda,wheretheypartneredwiththegovernmenttorebuildthenation'shealthsystem.Millionsofpeopleareservedeveryyear,mostofwhomliveonlessthanafewdollarsaday.I'mhonoredtohaveworkedcloselywithPaul.For20years,Iwatchedhimmakeadifferenceinthepoorestplaces,eveninthefaceofdysfunctional(功能失調(diào)的)politicsandviolence.Paul'spassingisahugelosstotheworld.Buthisvoicestillringsinourears.Allourlivesarepassing,butthepurposeoflivinglasts:toliftothersandenablethemtoliveandworkjustashedid—withlove,gratitude,andjoy.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了全球衛(wèi)生組織健康合作伙伴的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人Paul(保羅)在海地坎蓋創(chuàng)辦診所，限制住了肺結(jié)核，并變更了最貧困地區(qū)醫(yī)療服務(wù)方式的故事。1．Whatcanweknowabouttheclinic？DA．Itcatchesimmediateworldwideattention.B．ItislocatedinPaul'shometown.C．Itisco-foundedbyPaulandthelocals.D．Ittreatspatientsandtrainshealthworkers.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Whilestill...surroundingareas.”可知，診所不僅治療當(dāng)?shù)氐牟∪?，還培訓(xùn)了一批醫(yī)療工作者。故選D。2．WhydoestheauthormentionthefiguresinParagraph4？DA．Toadvocatecross-bordercooperation.B．ToindicatethedifficultiesPaulfaces.C．Toraisepublicconcernaboutglobalhealth.D．TohighlightPaul'scontributionstoglobalhealth.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段可知，本段講解了Paul限制住了肺結(jié)核，并為其他國家人民服務(wù)。由此可推知，作者提及那些數(shù)據(jù)是想進(jìn)一步突出Paul在面臨困難時仍為全球衛(wèi)生事業(yè)做出宏大的貢獻(xiàn)。故選D。3．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPaul？BA．Carefulandgraceful.B．Kindandinfluential.C．Stubbornandsympathetic.D．Aggressiveandadventurous.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“Alongtheway...tofollowhisexample.”可知，Paul懷抱善意為貧困人群帶去了健康醫(yī)療的同時，也猛烈影響著多數(shù)的人。由此可推知，Paul是一個和善又具有極強(qiáng)影響力的人。故選B。4．WhatdoesPaul'sstoryteachus？CA．Wellbegunishalfdone.B．Toliveinthemomentcounts.C．Lifeislimited,yetkindnesslasts.D．Healthmattersmorethanwealth.解析：推理推斷題。通讀全文，尤其依據(jù)最終一段中的“Allour...withlove,gratitude,andjoy.”可推知，通過Paul為全球衛(wèi)生事業(yè)做出貢獻(xiàn)的故事，文章主要是想教會我們生命有限，但關(guān)愛他人卻是永恒的這個道理。故選C。Ⅱ.七選五依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(2024·全國甲卷)TricksToBecomingAPatientPersonHere'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There'soneanswer.1.G.IntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.●Practicegratitude(感謝)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.2.E.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control，”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.●MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(滿足)mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.3.B.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You'llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoyingsituations.●4.C.Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“5.F.”You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A．FindyourcausesB．StartwithsmalltasksC．AccepttheuncomfortableD．AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE．ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF．Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG．They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience文章大意：這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了變得耐性的一些方法。解析：1．依據(jù)上文“Here'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There'soneanswer.(這里有一個謎語：交通堵塞、排長隊和等待假期起先有什么共同之處？答案只有一個)”可知，本句說明上文謎語的答案，結(jié)合“交通堵塞、排長隊和等待假期”這些狀況可知都須要耐性。故G選項“在這些狀況下，我們都須要一點(diǎn)額外的耐性”符合語境，故選G。2．依據(jù)上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.(感恩有許多好處：探討表明，感恩讓我們更快樂，壓力更小，甚至更樂觀)”以及后文“‘Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control，'saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.(加州高校的探討員葉麗說：‘表達(dá)感謝可以培育自我限制實(shí)力。')”可知，上文提到了感恩的諸多好處，可知本句接著說明感恩的好處：它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐性。E選項中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E選項“它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐性”符合語境，故選E。3．依據(jù)上文“Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.(我們養(yǎng)成等待習(xí)慣的唯一方法就是練習(xí))”以及后文“Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.(把你最寵愛的節(jié)目推遲到周末再看，或者多等10分鐘再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列舉的事情都是日常的小事，說明要從小事起先練習(xí)等待，故B選項“從小任務(wù)起先”符合語境，故選B。4.依據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.(我們中的許多人都認(rèn)為舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，當(dāng)我們閱歷舒適區(qū)之外的事情時，我們會對環(huán)境失去耐性)”可知，本段提到了舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，結(jié)合前文的小標(biāo)題都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨與接受不舒適相關(guān)，C選項中uncomfortable對應(yīng)后文comfortable。故C選項“接受不舒適”符合語境，故選C。5．依據(jù)上文“Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself(你應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會對自己說……)”以及后文“You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.(然后你會慢慢變得更有耐性)”結(jié)合本段主要說明的是不舒適的狀態(tài)，可知，本句為對自己所說的話與接受不舒適相關(guān)，故F選項“這僅僅是不舒適，而不是無法忍受”符合語境，故選F。Ⅲ.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。(2024·湖北省黃石一中高一下學(xué)期期中)ZhangGuimei,whohas1.Aher40yearstoeducationinaChina'ssouthwesternarea,isa“mother”andheadmasterwhohasignited(點(diǎn)燃)thehopesofmanygirlswiththelightof2.C.At17,sheleftherhometownHeilongjiangforYunnanProvince.WhileteachinginHuapingcounty,shesawmanygirls3.Dofschoolduetopoverty.Itsaddenedherverymuchandmadeher4.Bthataneducatedfemaleisabletochangethesituationofpovertyinafamilyandeventhefate(命運(yùn))ofthreegenerations.In2002,Zhangwas5.Dtobuildafreeall-girlshighschool,inthehopeofchangingthefutureofthegirlsinthemountainsandliftingthemoutofpoverty.In2007,Zhang6.BareportinBeijingatthe17thCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)NationalCongress.Herreport“Ihaveadream”madeherdreamofbuildingafreeall-girlshighschool7.Ctoall.Ayearlater,Zhang'sschoolwas8.A,becomingthefirstfreeall-girlshighschoolinChina.Beforeitwassetup,lessthan50percentofthestudentsinHuapingtookhighschoolentranceexams.However,thefigure9.Dtoover90percentlastyear.Inthepast,ruralgirlsinthecountyoftenhadnochoicebutto10.Catayoungage.Today,an11.Bnumberofthemaregoingtohighschoolsforeducation.Duringthepast13years,theschoolhashelpedover1,800students12.Dtheirdreamsofgoingtouniversities.Duetoherselflesswork,Zhangwas13.ACPC'stophonorJuly1MedalattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing.Attheceremony,shesaid：“ThethingswehavedonearewhatmanyCPCmembersaredoingeveryday.14.CI'mstillcapable,Iwillstandintheclassroomtogivemyall,whichIwillneverever15.A”sheremarked.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了“七一勛章”獲得者之一張桂梅老師。這位孩子們眼中的“媽媽”“燃燈校長”一生致力于華坪女高的教化事業(yè)。1．A.contributed B．a(chǎn)ppliedC．belonged D．responded解析：依據(jù)后文“her40yearstoeducation”可知，此處指為教化事業(yè)貢獻(xiàn)了40年。contribute...to意為“把……貢獻(xiàn)給”。故選A。2．A.lantern B．fireworkC．education D．midnight解析：依據(jù)前文“her40yearstoeducation”可知，此處指用教化之光點(diǎn)燃了許多女孩的希望。故選C。3．A.figureout B．setoutC．carryout D．dropout解析：依據(jù)后文“ofschoolduetopoverty”可知，許多女孩因?yàn)樨毨Фz學(xué)。dropoutofschool意為“輟學(xué)”。故選D。4．A.grateful B．a(chǎn)wareC．concerned D．curious解析：依據(jù)后文“thataneducatedfemale...ofthreegenerations”可知，她意識到一個受過教化的女性可以變更一個家庭的貧困狀況，甚至是三代人的命運(yùn)。故選B。5．A.addicted B．shockedC．likely D．determined解析：依據(jù)后文“tobuildafree...themoutofpoverty”可知，張桂梅決心建立一所免費(fèi)的女子中學(xué)，希望變更山區(qū)女孩的將來，幫助她們擺脫貧困。故選D。6．A.replaced B．deliveredC．disguised D．represent解析：依據(jù)后文“areportinBeijingatthe17thCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)NationalCongress”可知，此處指作報告，應(yīng)用動詞deliver。故選B。7．A.limited B．faithfulC．known D．typical解析：依據(jù)前文“Herreport‘Ihaveadream'madeherdreamofbuildingafreeall-girlshighschool”可知，她的報告使她建立一個免費(fèi)的全女生中學(xué)的幻想眾所周知。故選C。8．Apleted B．a(chǎn)ppointedC．a(chǎn)nnounced D．confirmed解析：依據(jù)后文“becomingthefirstfreeall-girlshighschoolinChina”可知，此處指建成了中國第一所免費(fèi)的女子中學(xué)。故選A。9．A.dropped B．divedC．walked D．jumped解析：依據(jù)前文“l(fā)essthan50percentofthestudentsinHuapingtookhighschoolentranceexams”以及后文“toover90percent”可知，學(xué)校的建成讓參加中考的人數(shù)猛增。故選D。10．A.retire B．performC．marry D．leave解析：依據(jù)前文“Inthepast,ruralgirlsinthecountyoftenhadnochoicebutto”可知，在過去，農(nóng)村的女孩往往沒有選擇，只能早點(diǎn)結(jié)婚。故選C。11．A.existing B．increasingC．individual D．equal解析：依據(jù)前文可知，參加中考的人數(shù)增加，他們中越來越多的人進(jìn)入中學(xué)接受教化。故選B。12．A.remove B．repeatC．refuse D．realize解析：依據(jù)后文“theirdreamsofgoingtouniversities”可知，此處指實(shí)現(xiàn)上高校的幻想。故選D。13．A.awarded B．a(chǎn)rrangedC．a(chǎn)chieved D．a(chǎn)ttracted解析：依據(jù)后文“CPC'stophonorJuly1MedalattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing”可知，此處指張被授予七一獎?wù)?。故選A。14．A.Aswellas B．AssoonasC．Aslongas D．Asfaras解析：此處是指只要可以，張桂梅就會站在講臺上，奉獻(xiàn)她的全部。aslongas“只要”。故選C。15．A.regret B．ensureC．forgive D．imagine解析：依據(jù)前文可知，此處指張桂梅為教化事業(yè)奉獻(xiàn)終身，且永不后悔。故選A。Ⅳ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2024·全國甲卷)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi'an,asafirststep1.tojourney(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路途)byfoot.Onthe1,100-kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang，2.wholosthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation3.held(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.4.Afriendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental5.protection(protect).Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore6.meaningful(meaning).Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1,000plasticbottlesalongthe40-dayjourney.Inthelastfiveyears,Cao7.haswalked(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa's8.highest(high)mountain.Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometers9.fromXi'antoKashgaronSept.20,10.planning(plan)tohikebacktoXi'aninfivemonths.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述的是一個失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一帶一路的事情。解析：1．考查非謂語動詞。句意：近日，一名來自北京的盲人徒步40天來到西安，作為“一帶一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，journey為動詞，表示“旅行”，step前面有序數(shù)詞，應(yīng)用不定式，作后置定語。故填tojourney。2．考查定語從句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8歲時因一次車禍?zhǔn)鞯哪凶硬苁⒖荡┻^了三個省的40個城市和縣。分析句子結(jié)合及句意可知，此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞為CaoShengkang，指人，在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故填who。3．考查非謂語動詞。句意：受到在北京實(shí)行的“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇的啟發(fā)，曹確定徒步穿越這條路途，以向古代絲綢之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有謂語動詞decided，所以hold應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式，hold與cooperation之間為邏輯動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語，表被動。故填held。4．考查冠詞。句意：他的一位摯友吳凡在旅行中自愿成為他的同伴。依據(jù)句意可知，此處泛指“他的一個摯友”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，friend以輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用a，空處位于句首，首字母大寫。故填A(yù)。5．考查名詞。句意：曹和吳還沿路收集垃圾，以促進(jìn)環(huán)境疼惜。依據(jù)句意和空前的形容詞environmental可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞protection作賓語，protection表示“疼惜”時，是不行數(shù)名詞。故填protection。6．考查形容詞。句意：曹認(rèn)為這將使這次徒步旅行更加有意義。此處是make復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)用形容詞meaningful作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填meaningful。7．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在過去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34個國家，2016年，他到達(dá)了乞力馬扎羅山頂，這是非洲最高的山峰。依據(jù)時間狀語inthelastfiveyears可知，此