高中英語(yǔ)高考語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句講與練

高中英語(yǔ)高考語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句講與練Myfatherwasbornin1931.TheAnti-JapaneseWarbrokeoutin1931.

fMyfatherwasbornin1931when(inwhich)theAnti-JapaneseWarbrokeout.

在主從復(fù)合句中，修飾或限制某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。

Wewillneverforgettheyears.Weworkedtogetherinthecountrysideinthoseyears.(狀語(yǔ))

A.先行詞+連詞（關(guān)系代詞）+陳述句

fWewillneverforgettheyearswhen(inwhich)weworkedtogetherinthecountryside.

who【先行詞為人。主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)?！?/p>

Wewillneverforgettheyears.Wespenttheyearstogetherinthecountryside.(賓語(yǔ))

whom【先行詞為人。賓語(yǔ)?！縡Wewillneverforgettheyearsthat/whichwespenttogetherinthecountryside.

that【先行詞為物/人。主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。】?By16:30,whichwasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.

which【先行詞為物。主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。】?Intheyearsthatfolloweci,theybuiltsevenschoolsandtwohospitalsinAfrica.

【上面所說(shuō)的主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)是指連接詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成份。連接詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省去。】l)October1,1949isthedaywhen(onwhich)thePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded.

Themanlivesonthe78thfloor.Themanisamillionaire.2)1stillrememberthedaywhen(onwhich)shejoinedtheairforce.

3)Thedaysaregonewhenphysicalstrengthwasmoreimportantthanknowledge.

—Themanthat/wh。livesonthe78thfloorisamillionaire.

4)Therewasatimewhenmanypeoplecametotheislandfortreasure.

HeisgoingtomarryMary.HedoesnotloveMaryatall.

5)1won'tforgetthedayswhenweworkedtogetherandthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.

—HeisgoingtomarryMary(who/that/whom)hedoesnotloveatall.

?where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，前面不加介詞，fromwhere是例外：

ThetreeswillbecutdownnextThursday.Thetreeswereplanted20yearsago.

Wewillhavearestunderthetree,fromwherewecanhaveawonderfulviewofthecitybelow.

fThetreesthat/whictlwereplanted20yearsagowillbecutdownnextThursday.C.先行詞(物/人)+whose+名詞…

Thecellphoneisstillingoodorder.Myauntboughtthecellphonein2016.whose：某人的/某物的

—Thecellphone(that/which)myauntboughtin2016isstillingoodorder.Doyouknowthestudent?His/HerfatherworksatthePeople'sBank.

l)Thefarmersplantedsometreesthat/whichdidn'tneedmuchwater.—DoyouknowthestudentwhosefatherworksatthePeople'sBank?

2)Hewhowillnotlearnwhenheisyoungwillregretitwhenheisold.Theschoolshopisclosedfortheholidays.Theschoolshop'scustomersaremainlystudents,

3)Hewh。doesn'treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.fTheschoolshop,whosecustomersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.

4)Hethatclimbshighfallsheavily.l)Thevillagersrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.

whoseparents

5)Hewilltellyoueverythingthatheheardaboutthegovernor.2)Thebossdonated3milliondollarstothechidrendiedinthe2008earthquake.

3)LastyearIboughtanancientChinesevasewhosepriceisveryreasonable.

B.地方+where(狀語(yǔ))+陳述句(where=at/on/inwhich]

時(shí)間+when(狀語(yǔ))+陳述句[when=at/on/inwhich]

?1)1decidedtowriteaboutChaplin,oneofwhosofilmsIhadseenseveralyearsbefore.

【如連接詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，那么連接詞就只能用that/which]

?2)OurEnglishteacher,w社hwhosehelpwehavemadegreatprogressinEnglish,hascompleted

TheywillflytoWashington.TheyplantostayinWashingtonfortwoorthreedays,

thirtyyearsofteaching.(withone'shelp)

fTheywillflytoWashington,wheretheyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.?3)Thepeople,inwhosevillageItauqht38yearsaqo,arelivingagoodlife,(inone'svillage)

TheywillflytoWashington.WashingtonliesinthenortheastoftheUSA.?4)OnMay12,2008,anearthquakestruck/hitsomeareasinWestChina,fromwhoseeffectsthe

—TheywillflytoWashingtonthat/whichliesiothenortheastoftheUSA.peopletherearestillsuffering.(sufferfrom)

?Finallyhereachedalonelyislandwhichwascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.D.先行詞(人)+介詞+whom+陳述句

先行詞(物)+介詞+which+陳述句

常這樣用的介詞有：常用復(fù)雜介詞：asaresultof,becauseof,atthebackof,infrontof,

of(…的)inonataboutwithwithoutfortoafterabove

inthemiddleof,atthebottomof,onthetopof,atthefootof...

l)Theanimalthat/whichthescientistsareinterestedinisthetiger.

l)Thereisagreatpaininmyrightfoot,becauseofwhichIcanonlywalklikethis.

?Theanimalinwhichthescientistsareinterestedisthetiger.

2)Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatanoldman.

2)Theexpert(that/who/whom)myfatheristalkingwithisfromEurope.

?TheexpertwithwhommyfatheristalkingisfromEurope.3)Atlastwereachedthemountain,onthetopofwhichstandsaTVtower.

3)Mr.Blackistheperson(that/who/whom)Ishouldwritetoatonce.4)Atlastwereachedthemountain,atthefootofwhicharelotsofvillas(另(J墅).

?)Mr.BlackisthepersontowhomIshouldwriteatonce.5)ThismorningIsawamaninthestreet,ontheheadofwhomstoodamonkey.

4)Inthestreetthereisnobody(who/whom)Icanturntoforhelp.G.介詞+which+名詞：duringwhichtime(在那段時(shí)間期間)

?InthestreetthereisnobodytowhomIcanturnforhelp.

atwhichtime(在那個(gè)時(shí)間)inwhichcase(假如/如果那樣的話(huà))

[which：關(guān)系限定詞，可譯為：這，那】

5)Shewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,afterwhichshewentontoYaleUniversity.

l)Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom2013to2017,duringwhichtimehestudiedvery

6)Luckily,we'dbroughtaroadmapwithoutwhichwewouldhavelostourway.

7)Westillrememberthedayonwhich(when)hejoinedthearmy.hard.(定語(yǔ)從句)

8)Thatisthecityinwhich(where)hewasbom53yearsago.?Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom2013to2017.Duringthattimehestudiedveryhard.

E.名詞/數(shù)詞/some/many/most/all/both/none/neither/each/few/any/several/(不是定語(yǔ)從句)

either/half+ofwhich/whom...

2)Themancomeshereat6:00pm,atwhichtimeweareusuallyhavingsupper.

二ofwhich/whom+名詞/數(shù)詞/some/many/most/all/both/none...

3)Telephonemeat8:00am,bywhichtimeIshouldhavetheinformation.

l)Lastweek,twopeoplecametolookatthehouse,bothofwhomwantedtobuyit.

4)Thequestionsareontheuniverse,aboutwhichsubjectweknownothing.

2)Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofwhomIhadmetbefore.

3)1have9friends,oneofwhomisasoldier.5)Hemaywinthecompetition,inwhichcaseheislikelytogetintothenationalteam.

4)1have9friends,two/some/allofwhomaresoldiers.H.which代主句或主句的一部分所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句：

5)Themanhas2sons,theolderofwhomisageneral.l)MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,whichmadealltheothersupset.

6)Thefactorymakes100shipseveryyear,80%ofwhicharesoldabroad.

2)Katehasmadegreatprogress,whichshockshermom.

7)1have9dictionaries,oneofwhichisveryexpensive.

3)They'vewontheirlastthreematches,whichIfindabitsurprising.

8)1have9dictionaries,two/some/allofwhichareexpensive.

4)Bettyalwaystellslies,whichwefindstrange.

9)Chinahasalotofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.

(否定句)

10)Thehouse,thewallo。whichwasdestroyedinthequake,hasbeenrepaired.5)Momtreatsmejustlikeababy,whichIcannotbear.

?Thehouse,whosewallwasdestroyedinthequake,hasbeenrepaired.I.as代主句或主句的一部分所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句：

ll)Shehasabigclock,thehands(針)ofwhicharemadeofgold.定語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)；定語(yǔ)從句是被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)；定語(yǔ)從句含有“正如，像，如像”等意義時(shí)；

?Shehasabigclock,whosehandsaremadeofgold.關(guān)系代詞用as。

F.復(fù)雜介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which,whom,whose)aswe/lknow:正如我們/我所知

asisknowntoall/us:眾所周知A.whichIthinkisB.IthinkwhichitC.whichIthinkitisD.Ithinkwhichis

aswe/l/anyonecansee:正如我們/我/任何人能看到的4)Wehavesentupanotherman-madesatellite,isannouncedintoday'snewspaper.

ashasbeensaidbefore:像以前所說(shuō)A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what

asisthecase:情況就是這樣5)Helpingothersisahabit,youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.

asthesayinggoes:常言道；俗話(huà)說(shuō)；諺語(yǔ)說(shuō)；正如諺語(yǔ)/俗話(huà)所說(shuō)A.itB.thatC.whatD.one

asoftenhappens:…經(jīng)常發(fā)生6)Alotoflanguagelearning,hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyear

asismentionedabove:正如上面提至的oflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.

l)Asissaid,youraunthasgoneabroad.A.asB.itC.whichD.this

2)Ashasbeenmentionedabove,thebridgewasbuiltin1600.7)TheScienceMuseum,wevisitedlastmonth,isoneofLondon'stouristattractions.

3)Asweknow,BritishEnglishisalittledifferentfromAmericanEnglish.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where

4)“Youcan5tjudgeabookbyitscover,“astheoldsayinqqoes(說(shuō)).8)Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,theweathermaybebetter.

6)Asisthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

7)Asisoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.

8)Thenumberofsmokers,asisreported,hasdroppedby17percentinthepastoneyear.K.定語(yǔ)從句被省去主語(yǔ)和部分謂語(yǔ)：

J.限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：l)Shehadonly$2withwhichshecouldbuyhimapresent.

前者與主句關(guān)系密切，無(wú)從句,句意不完整。

?Shehadonly$2withwhichtobuyhimapresent.

后者與主句關(guān)系不是很密切，從句和主句間常有一逗號(hào)。

2)Thetwentyworkershaveonlytworoomsinwhichtheycanlive.

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的連接詞不能是that。

?Thetwentyworkershaveonlytworooms?whicht。live.

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的連接詞通常不能省去。

3)Frank5sdreamwastohavehisownfactoryinwhichhecouldproducethingswithhisownhands.

先行詞（人），who/whom（賓語(yǔ)）

?Frank'sdreamwastohavehisownfactoryinwhichtoproducethingswithhisownhands.

先行詞（人），who（主語(yǔ)）

先行詞（物），which（主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)）4)MydreamistohavealargefarmonwhichIcangrowlotsofappletrees.

先行詞（時(shí)間），when（狀語(yǔ)）?Mydreamistohavealargefarmonwhicht。grow10tsofappletrees.

先行詞（地方），where（狀語(yǔ)）5)1wanttofindamanherewithwhomIcanhaveatalk.

先行詞（人/物），whose（定語(yǔ)）■Iwanttofindamanherewithwhomt。haveatalk.

先行詞，介詞+whom(人)/which(物)幾種特殊的定語(yǔ)從句

l)Now,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,isquiteunexpected.1.先行詞為business,family,activity,race,job,work,position,stage,

A.thatB.whichC.whoD.itatmosphere,situation,case,stage,point(地點(diǎn))等時(shí)，連接詞在定語(yǔ)從句作狀語(yǔ)

2)Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks,________animalsandplantscanbeprotected.時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句常用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。

A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.wherel)Thewomanworksinabusinesswherw/(inwhich)everyoneisbusyalldaylong.

3)Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,ofgreatimportancetoscience.（business:職業(yè),行業(yè)，企業(yè)，公司，商店）

2)A11theneighborsadmirethisfamilywhere/(inwhich)theparentsaretreatingtheirchildF.復(fù)合句中有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，前句已有which時(shí)，后句用that。

likeafriend.G.主句是who,what,which開(kāi)頭的特殊問(wèn)句時(shí)。

3)Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivitywheresightmattersmorethanl)HeisthetallestmanthatIhaveeverseenintheworld.

hearing.(活動(dòng))2)Thethirdforeigncountrythat1expecttovisitisBritain.

4)Lifeislikealongracewherewecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.(比賽)3)PleasetellthestudentssomethingthatyouknowabouttheChineseDream.

5)1findteachingfunandchallenging.Itisajobwhereyouaredoingsomethingseriousbut4)Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.

interesting.5)Isthereanythingthatyouwanttodotoday?

6)Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatworkwhereagood6)Thereisnothingthatwecaedoforsuchaperson.

impressionisamust.7)Thisistheonly/veryanimalthatlivesinthisforest.

7)Salesdirectorisapositionwherecommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassales.8)Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe'stheonlyoneofthewomenthatwearsaneveningdress.

(職務(wù)；職位)9)Mr.Brownistheonlypersoninourschoolthat/wh。willattendthemeeting.

8)Todaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostalltherights.(地點(diǎn))10)AlIthefarmerswho/thatarerresertatthemeetingwillgetsomebooksaboutagriculture.

9)Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployeesll)Pleasesendusalltheinformationthatyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.

enjoytheirwork.12)TheywilltalkabouttheplantsandthepeoplethattheysawinTibet.

2.先行詞為stay(停留；逗留)，occasion(時(shí)機(jī)/時(shí)間incident停件)，point(時(shí)間)等時(shí)，13)Inthepondtherearelotsoffishesthatareeatingsomethinghappily.

連接詞在定語(yǔ)從句作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句常用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。14)Thereareaboutnineteachersintheofficewhoarepreparinglessons.

15)Mycousinwillsellthehousewhichwasbuiltin2010thatstandsonthetopofthemountain.

DShe'llneverforgetherstaytherewhenshefoundhermissingson.

16)Whoistheguythatisstandingatthegate?

2)OccasionsarequiterarewhenIhavethetimetospeedholidayswithmyfamily.

17)Whichistheschoolthattheworkersbuiltlastyear?

3)Maybethedisappearanceofthedinosaurcameafteranunexpectedincidentwhenahugerock

18)Whothatbreakthewindowshouldbepunished.

fi~omspacehittheearthandputtoomuchdustintotheair.

?先行詞是someone/somebody,anyone/anybody,everyone/everybody,nobody,

4)Willtherebeapoint/timewhenIcanget20,000dollarsamonth?all,one,ones等指人時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that,who,whom(賓語(yǔ))都可以。

5)TodayIwillgoonwiththestoryatthepointwheretheheroisabouttorescuethegirl.1)1willtellthegoodnewstoeveryonethat/whowillgosightseeingnextweek.

[第5)和第6)兩句point的意思是“地點(diǎn)”。第6)的point也可以看作時(shí)間。】2)Anyone(that/who/whom)youmentionedjustnowwillbegiventwodollars.

6)Wehavecometoapoint(a、which)/where/wheiiwemustdecidewhattodointhefuture.?先行詞為that指物時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句用which;先行詞為those指物時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句用

3,定語(yǔ)從句常用that的情況：which/that;先行詞為those指人時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句可以用who/that,who更常見(jiàn)：

A.名詞前有最高級(jí)，序數(shù)詞。

l)Whatwasthatwhichyousawintheskylastnight?

B.all,some,much,little,few,none,everything,anything,nothing,something等指物時(shí)。

2)Whatarethosewhichshewantstoreread?

C.先行詞前有all,every,some,any,no,little,much,few,one,theonly/very/right/last/next時(shí)。

3)Youmustfindthosethat/whichmayattracttopscientists.

當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可用關(guān)系代詞whoo

D.先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。4)Thosewho/thatwanttoflytoTaiwanmustsignhereaftertheparty.

E.Therebe+物?that????。[Therebe+A+who...]5)Godwillpunishthosethat/whohavedonebaddeeds.

4.幾種固定結(jié)構(gòu)的定語(yǔ)從句:tothestation.

先行詞+inwhich/that/不用連詞

(way)6)?Thisisthereasonthatshegaveusforherabsencefromthelecture.

先行詞(manner)+inwhich

7)1don'tliketheway(inwhich)/thatyoutreatyourchildren.(狀語(yǔ))

先行詞(means)+bywhich

8)Mr.Brownhasagiftforexplainingmathematicalconceptsinwaysthatmakethemseemclear

先行詞(method)+by/withwhich

andobvious.(主語(yǔ))

先行詞(situation)+inwhich/where

9)1willbuythesamejacketasyouarewearing.

先行詞(case)*inwhich/where

先行詞(condition)+inwhich/where10)Shehasboughtthesamecellphoneasisonthetable.

先行詞(business)+inwhich/wherell)Thisisthe(same)monkeythatIsawintheforest20minutesago.

+

先行詞(point)atwhich/where(point:地方)12)Thisisthe(same)girlthatwemetwithinthedesertlastautumn.

先行詞(point)+when(point:時(shí)間)

13)Thisisthe(same)bookstorewhereweboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.

先行詞(reason)+why/forwhich

14)TheywillseesuchfilmsaswereshownatthecinemalastTuesday.

先行詞(trend)+inwhich

15)Don,ttrustsuchpeopleaspraiseyoutoyourfacebutspeakillofyoubehindyourback.

先行詞(occasion)+inwhich/when(occasion:時(shí)間)

16)Thestudentmadeasmuchprogressaswehadexpected.

[以上情況連接詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)才這么用;,如連接詞作主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，那么就該用that/whicho]

thesame......as....和什么相同的另外的物17)Intheschoollibraryyoucanborrowasmanybooksasyouwant.

thesame.....that...?：（原人/原物）18)Asmanychildrenascametomybirthdaypartyweregivensomecakes.

thesame...where.和什么相同的地方19)Heissuchagoodboyaswealllike.(定語(yǔ)從句)

such..........as..........■和什么類(lèi)似???

?Heissuchagoodboythatwealllikehim.(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)

■

as___.......as............定語(yǔ)從句等練習(xí)題

helpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.

1.Doyouhaveanythinginmindyou'dlikeforsupper?

2)Nowwecanseeclearlythemethodbywhichthemachineworks.

------Well,,isOKwithme.

3)1canthinkofmanycaseswherestudentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandA.that;anythingB.which;everythingC.what;whateverD.where;something

expressionsbutcouldn'twriteagoodessay.2.Thewrongyou'vedonehimisterrible,foryoushouldmakeanapologytohim,Ithink.

A.thisB.whichC.whatD.that

4)DrFosterthinksthatanytrendinwhichthetemperatureincreasesby5degreeswouldleadto

3.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,ofgreatimportancetoscience.

acatastrophe.

A.whichIthinkitisB.whichIthinkisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis

5)Thereasonwhy/(forwhich)theymissedthetrainwasthattheircarbrokedownontheway4.ThisisthehospitaltheyvisitedlastyearandistheoneIworkedin