中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)之重點你語法被動語態(tài)解讀課件

語法專項被動語態(tài)(主動語態(tài)，句子的主語manypeople是動作speak的執(zhí)行者。相當于中文的“把”字句).Englishisspokenbymanypeople.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(被動語態(tài)，句子的主語English是動作speak的承受者。相當于中文的“被”字句).被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：助動詞be有人稱,數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成?！癰e+done”動詞過去式和過去分詞的變化規(guī)則：1.一般情況加-ed.

look--looked--lookedplay--played--played4.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，變y為i,再加-ed.study--studied--studiedcarry--carried--carried3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，末尾只有一個輔音,應(yīng)雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ed.stop--stopped--stoppedplan--planned--planned2.以e結(jié)尾的動詞，只加-d.

live--lived--livedhope--hoped--hoped5.不規(guī)則變化（見不規(guī)則動詞表）1.Flowers___alongtheroad.A:plantB:isplantedC:areplantingD:areplanted2.Chinese___bymoreandmorepeoplefromallovertheworldtoday.A.learnB.learnedC.islearnedD.arelearned3.Drivingafterdrinkingwine___inChina.A.allowsB.doesn’tallowC.isallowedD.isn’tallowed4.Don’tbeafraid.Thedog___tothetree.A.istiedB.musttieC.wastyingD.tied5.Thesickboy___tohospitalbythepoliceyesterday.A.istakingB.wastakenC.takesD.tookPractice:DCDAB1）不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰2）沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者3)需要強調(diào)或突出動作的承受者主動語態(tài)如何變被動語態(tài):Englishisspokenbyus(被動語態(tài))賓變主,主變介賓謂變bedone時不變（be體現(xiàn)時態(tài)，人稱和數(shù)的變化）WespeakEnglish(主動語態(tài))主語謂語賓語主語謂語賓語by:被...由...byTheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenhelphimwithhomework.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.隨學(xué)隨練各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)1、一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are+動詞的過去分詞即：am/is/are+donee.g.Theshirtsaremadeofsilk.Ourclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.2、一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was/were+動詞的過去分詞即：was/were+donee.g.Thetreeswereplantedbythesestudents.Thechickenwaskilledbythatman.3、情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+be+動詞的過去分詞即：情態(tài)動詞+be+donee.g.Theworkwillbefinishedintendays.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Practice:1.English_____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspoken2.Thissong_____bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.isoftensangC.isoftensung3.Japanese_____ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.arenotspoken4.Whomwasthebook_____?A.writeB.writtenC.writtenby5.Theimportantmeeting____onacoldmorninglastyear.A.wasbeinghadB.washeldC.heldCCACB6.Thecoat____hersister.A.madetoB.wasmadeforC.weremadeto7.Ourroommust_____clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekept8.Theriversmellsterrible.Peopleshould____dirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedthrowingC.stopthrowing9.Thebookmay____fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.keepC.kept10.---Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage?---Alotofnewroads___,Ithink.AmustbebuiltBhavetobuildCmustbuildDhavebuiltBBBAA拓展:5.過去進行時態(tài)的被動時態(tài)：4.現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：was/were+being+doneam/is/are+being+done6.一般將來時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：7.現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：8.不定式的被動語態(tài)：have/has+been+doneto+be+doneshall/will+be+done1.帶雙賓語句子的被動語態(tài).指物的賓語叫直接賓語，指人的賓語叫間接賓語givemeabook=giveabooktome

間賓

直賓

直賓間賓(1)Hegaveme

abook.

主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)--------(2)Iboughthim

abook.

主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)--------

Iwasgivenabookbyhim.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.Hewasboughtabookbyme.Abookwasboughtforhimbyme.to:for:make,buy,get,choose,cook...pass,give,show,bring,sell,send,tell,teach,return,lend...2.含有短語的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)動詞短語是一個不可分割的整體，在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不可丟掉構(gòu)成的動詞短語的介詞和副詞。Theytakegoodcareofmychild.-----Iturnedofftheradio.-----Mychildistakengoodcareof

.Theradiowasturnedoff(byme).3.感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態(tài)e.g.1.IsawhimplaybasketballlastSunday.---2.Thebossmakeshimworkfor10hours.---即：三眼：seewatchlookat(notice)兩耳：hearlistento一感覺：feel三使役：makehavelet這些詞在主動句中，其后的動詞不加to，但變被動句時必須加to.HewasseentoplaybasketballlastSunday.Heismadetoworkfor10hours.不用被動語態(tài)的情況2）連系動詞look,sound,taste,smell等不用被動語態(tài)。1）像happen,takeplace,等不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。e.g.

Atrafficaccidenthappenedjustnow.e.g.Mooncakestastedelicious.Theideasoundsgreat.難點：主動形式表被動意義3)needdoing=needtobedone.tobedone表不定式的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。

Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.1）當表示主語質(zhì)地,自身特征的動詞open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive與副詞well或easily連用時，可用主動語態(tài)表被動意義，用作不及物動詞。

Thiskindofpenwritessmoothly.Thiskindofshirtsellswellhere.2)在beworthdoing中，doing表被動意義

Thebookisworthreading.Practice1.Lastyear,LiHua,acollegestudent,____toworkfortheOlympicGames.AischoosingBisCwaschoosingDwaschosen2.----Who’sthelittlebabyinthephoto,Susan?----It’sme,thisphoto______tenyearsago.AtakesBistakenCtookDwastaken3.It’sreportedthattheUndergroundLinesNo.3_____inourcityin2022.AwillbuildBhasbuildCwillbebuiltDhasbeenbuilt4.----Lookatthesignontheright.----Ok,parking____here.Adoesn’tallowBisn’tallowedCdidn’tallowDwasn’tallowed5.---Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage?---Alotofnewroads___,Ithink.AmustbebuiltBhavetobuildCmustbuildDhavebuiltDDCBA6.---Doyoubelievetherearealiens?---I’mafraidnot.Idon’tthinkaliens__inspace.AcanfindBcanbefoundCcanbefoundedDcan’tbefound7.----Alice,You___onthephone.----I’mcoming.Thanks.AwantBarewantedCarewantingDhavewanted8.Thethief_____bythepolicemanalready.AiscaughtBcaughtChascaughtDhasbeencaught9.Mary___thesongataparty.AheardsingBwasheardsungCwasheardtosingDwasheardsing10.---Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday?---Well,it’ssurprising.Thestrongestteamofourschool___.AwasbeatenBwonCscoredDwasfailedBBDCA11.Thiskindofclothes___well.Andit___.Asells,hasbeensoldoutBissold,hasbeensoldoutCwassold,soldoutDsells,soldout12.---DoyouoftenseeWilliam___ontheplayground?---No,heisoftenseen___Chinesekungfuinthepark.Arun,playBrun,toplayCrunning,playDrunning,toplay.13.---WillyoucometojoinusthisSunday?---Iwon’tcomeunlessBob___.AisinvitedBwillbeinvitedCcaninvitedDinvites14.Today,theforestshavealmostgone.Peoplemust___downtoomanytrees.AstoptocutBstopfromcuttingCbekeptcuttingDbestoppedfromcutting15.---Haveallthestudentsknownthatourclasswillvisitthefactorynextweek?---Yes,everystudent____aboutit.AhavetoldBhavebeentoldChastoldDhasbeentoldBADDARickis15yearsold．Hewantstotakehisfamily—his1andhissisterJessica—outtolunch，sohewantstomakemoneyby2hisparentsdosomethings.Rick3at6：30，andthenhecleansthehouse．4about7：00,heeatsbreakfastandthengoestoschool．Hehasfour5inthemorningandthreeintheafternoon．At5：30.Rickgoeshome6hehelpshismombuyfood，or7thecarforhisfather.Hissistersometimeshelpshim.Rickhas85dollarsnow.Heonly815dollarsmoreforthelunch.Heisvery9.Soonhecantakehisfamilyouttolunchand10willpaythebill(付賬)．(1)A.parents

B.teachersC.friendsD.classmates(2)A.letting

B.makingC.watchingD.helping(3)A.goeshome

B.getsupC.doeshomeworkD.hasbreakfast(4)A.At

B.On

C.InD.After(5)A.burgers

B.eggsC.classesD.schools(6)A.or

B.andC.butD.so(7)A.buys

B.getsC.knowsD.cleans(8)A.takes

B.givesC.needsD.shows(9)A.happy

B.tidyC.healthyD.fat(10)A.she

B.heC.theyD.youADBACBDCABIamnewtoNewYork.Idonotknowanyoneinthecity.Anoldwomanlivesnextdoor.Shegivesmeabigboxoffruitandvegetables.ThekindneighborisVal.ThefruitandvegetablesarefromVal'sgarden.Therearecarrots,tomatoes,strawberriesandsooninthegarden.Valdoesn'thavesonsordaughters.Butsheishappy.Shelikesworkinginhergarden.Shelovesthoseplants.Sometimes,shetalkstothem.Oneday,Idon'tseeValinthegarden.Somedayslater,Iseepeopletakemanyboxesfromherhome.Grassgrowsinthegarden.Theplantslooksad.ThenIknowValpass