Unit1ScienceFictionReviewusefulstructures復習被動語態(tài)課件高二英語人教版選擇性

ReviewusefulstructurespassivevoiceXiaoMing’sCellphoneXiaoMing’scellphone_________(break)①.Icouldn’tgetthroughtohimwhilethecellphone________(repair)②.Iwantedtoinformhimthathe________(admit)③tothebasketballclub.Cellphones_____(use)④widelynowadays.Itseemsthatthey____(use)⑤sofrequentlythatpeople_______(control)⑥bythem.Someonethinksthatcellphonesshould_____(restrict)⑦onsomeoccasions.XiaoMing’scellphone______(repair)⑧wellsoon.MaybebynextSundaythecellphone_______(bring)⑨homeand________(use)⑩again.XiaoMing’sCellphoneXiaoMing’scellphonewasbroken①.Icouldn’tgetthroughtohimwhilethecellphonewasbeingrepaired②.Iwantedtoinformhimthathehadbeenadmitted③tothebasketballclub.Cellphonesarewidelyused④nowadays.Itseemsthattheyarebeingused⑤sofrequentlythatpeoplehavebeencontrolled⑥bythem.Someonethinksthatcellphonesshouldberestricted⑦onsomeoccasions.XiaoMing’scellphonewillberepaired⑧wellsoon.MaybebynextSundaythecellphonewillhavebeenbrought⑨homeandwillbebeingused⑩again.規(guī)則感悟①是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，結構為was/were＋過去分詞。②是過去進行時的被動語態(tài)，結構為was/were＋being＋過去分詞。③是過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，結構為hadbeen＋過去分詞。④是一般現在時的被動語態(tài)，結構為is/am/are＋過去分詞。⑤是現在進行時的被動語態(tài)，結構為is/am/are＋being＋過去分詞。⑥是現在完成時的被動語態(tài)，結構為have/hasbeen＋過去分詞。⑦是帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)，結構為情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞。⑧是一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，結構為will＋be＋過去分詞。⑨是將來完成時的被動語態(tài)，結構為will＋havebeen＋過去分詞。⑩是將來進行時的被動語態(tài)，結構為will＋be＋being＋過去分詞。Scanthereadingtextandunderlinealltheverbsinthepassivevoice.Thendiscusswithapartnerwhythepassivevoiceisused.(P5E1)Itwasgoingtobetested

outbyLarry’swife,Claire.(para1)…butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.(para2)Nowshewasbeinglookedafterbyarobotthatlookedsohuman,anditwasdisturbing.(para3)…shewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot,…(para4)Ashewasnotallowedtoaccompanyhertotheshops,…(para6)SosherangTonyandtoldhimshewasbeingtreatedbadly.(para6)Howawfultobediscoveredbyher,Clairethought.(para6)…,whichwasbeingcompletelytransformed,wouldbeready.(para7)語態(tài)用來表示主語與謂語之間的關系。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者

什么時候常用被動語態(tài)不知道動作的執(zhí)行者沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者強調動作的承受者

Theintroductionofthepassivevoice:Reviewpassivevoice.TensesFormsthesimplepresenttensethesimplepasttensethesimplefuturetensethepastfuturetensethepresentcontinuoustensethepastcontinuoustensethepresentperfecttensethepastperfecttensethefutureperfecttenseincludingmodalverb助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞am/is/are+donewas/were+doneshall/willbe+donewouldbe+doneam/is/arebeing+donewas/werebeing+donehave/hasbeen+donehadbeen+donewillhavebeen+donemodalverbbe+donetheformofpassivevoice

1.特殊結構的被動形式(1)雙賓動詞的被動結構

例：He

gave

her

some

money.

She

was

given

some

money.

Some

money

was

given

to

her.帶有雙賓語的主動句，變被動句時，一般把“人”提前作主語；將“物”提前則要在“人”的前面加to

或for。

帶復合賓語的動詞變被動語態(tài)時,一般將主動結構中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構中的主語,而將賓語補足語保留不動(這時的賓語補足語為主語補足語)。(2)帶復合賓語的動詞的被動結構

例：HisfathercalledhimJack.HewascalledJackbyhisfather.

(3)“it+be+過去分詞+從句”式的被動結構:Itisknown/suggested/believed/reportedacknowledged/calculated/estimated/required…thatPeoplesaythatheisanagriculturalscientist.→Itissaidthatheisanagriculturalscientist.→Heissaidtobeanagriculturalscientist.Weexpectthatourteamwillwinthegame.→Itisexpectedthatourteamwillwinthegame.→Ourteamisexpectedtowinthegame.2.不及物動詞(短語)不能用于被動語態(tài)。Anaccidenthappenedontheroadlastnightandfivepeoplewerekilled.昨晚這條路上發(fā)生了一起意外事故，五個人遇難。上周那個地區(qū)發(fā)生了一場大火。Abigfirebrokeoutinthearealastweek.常見的有：happen/takeplace/occur發(fā)生；remain剩下；breakout爆發(fā)；last持續(xù)；comeout出版；comeup被提出；loseheart失去信心；runout用完。3.某些及物動詞和動詞短語無被動語態(tài)獅子和老虎屬于貓科。Lionsandtigersbelongtothecatfamily.常見的有：have有；cost花費；lack缺少；suit適合；belongto屬于；sufferfrom遭受；datefrom/backto追溯到；consistof由……組成；takepartin參加。4.主動形式表示被動意義的結構(1)表示主語的某種屬性特征或功能的動詞Thesignreadsasfollows.告示如下。Theshirtdoesn’twashwell.這件襯衫不好洗。Hernewbookisveryinterestingandsellswell.她的新書很有趣很暢銷。常見的有：，如read，write，sell，wash，clean，cook，draw等，常與well，easily，smoothly等副詞連用，常用其主動形式表達被動意義，主語通常是物。Junkfood___________(taste)deliciousbutitdoesn’tcontainenoughnutrition.垃圾食品吃起來美味但營養(yǎng)不足。Youridea_________(sound)wonderfulbutitisn’tpractical.你的想法聽起來很棒但不切實際。tastessounds(2)系動詞如look,seem,appear,feel,taste,smell,sound,remain,stay,continue,become,grow,get,come,go等后接形容詞作表語。BNomatterwhathedidtothedoor，it_______open.A.didn’tB.wasn’tC.wouldn’tD.hadn’t不論他怎么對付這個門，它就是打不開。(3)open，close，lock，move，keep等動詞常與won’t，can’t，wouldn’t連用。B

Thepolicyispartly___________(blame)forcausingtheworstunemployment

inEurope.(5)在betoblame結構中，動詞不定式用主動形式表示被動意義。

(4)當want,need,require,deserve表示“需要”或“值得”時，在或worth等形容詞的后面其賓語可用動詞-ing形式的主動形式表示被動意義。

Thecarpetreallywants_______________(clean)

Thefilmiswellworth____________(see).cleaning/tobecleaned.seeingtoblame

(6)在某些“主語(人/物)＋be＋形容詞＋不定式”結構中例：Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.

Theproblemisdifficulttowork______

在“be+形容詞+不定式”結構中，不定式表示的動詞與句子主語之間是邏輯上的動賓關系時，用主動形式表示被動意義。常見形容詞有：cheap,easy,comfortable,difficult,hard,light,heavy,expensive,pleasant,interesting,fit等

out.Thepatientgot________(treat)onceaweek.那位病人一周接受一次治療過馬路時要小心，否則你可能會被汽車撞到。Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad,oryoumaygethitbyacar.

“get＋過去分詞”也可以表示被動，此結構比較口語化。treatedCompletethesentenceswithappropriateformsoftheverbsinbrackets.ThentrytotranslatethesesentencesintoChinese.(P5E2)Whatisdonecannot___________.(undo)beundone木已成舟Janet___________chairwomanofthestudentunionlastmonth.(elect)waselectedTwohundredgrammesofflourshould_________tothecakemix.(add)珍妮特上個月當選為學生會主席。beadded蛋糕料里需要加入兩百克面粉。A3,000-seatvenue________________________forthecircusperformanceinNovember.(build)wasbuilt/willbebuilt一個擁有三千座位,供馬戲表演使用的場地于十一月建成/將在十一月建成。Workingefficiency_________________sincethisnewsoftwarewasadopted.(improve)Onlyonepieceofcarry-onluggage_______________foreacheconomyclasspassenger.(allow)自從采用了新軟件,工作效率就被提升了。hasbeenimprovedItisagreathonourformeto______________toaddressthisinternationalAIconference.(invite)經濟艙的乘客每人僅允許攜帶一件隨身行李。isallowedbeinvited我很榮幸能被邀請在AI大會上發(fā)言。WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundthatthesalesman’ssalary____________________atthemeeting.(discuss)WithexamsbeingadaptedintoBraille,ablindseniorhighschoolstudentscored630pointsoutof650intheCollegeEntranceExamination.Heisexpected_____________toatopuniversity.(admit)我進會議室的時候發(fā)現正在討論銷售員的薪水。wasbeingdiscussed使用轉換為盲文的高考試卷,一位高中的視障學生考取了630分(總分650）。他有望被一所名校錄取。tobeadmittedReadtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.(P5E3)Sciencefiction__________bymanypeopleasamirrorthroughwhichourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedand___________________.TheThree-BodyProblem,______byChinesewriterLiuCixin,isoneofthoseastonishingpredictionsaboutthefuture.TheworkwasfirstpublishedinaChinesesci-fimagazinein2006andprintedasathree-volumebookin2008.Whenthefirstvolume_______________intoEnglishbyChinese-AmericanauthorKenLiu,itattractedattentionaroundtheworld,becomingthefirstAsianwinneroftheHugoAwardforBestNovel.Thebook__________manythemessuchasspaceexploration,aliencontact,Al,andthefutureofhumans.Para1isregardedexplored/representedwrittenwastranslatedrepresentsTheThree-BodyProblembeginswiththestoriesoftwounrelatedpeople,YeWenjieandWangMiao.Ye_____________tojoinasecretprojectinaremoteareaofChina,which______________tocontactalienlifeforms.Intheotherstory,set20yearslater,WangMiao_____________inapopularonlinegamecalled“ThreeBody”,inwhichpeopleliveonanunknownplanetwiththreesuns.ButWangdiscoversitismorethanagame—ituncoversagreatdangerthreateninghumanexistence.Howarethesetwopeople’sstories___________AndhowwilltheirbehaviourchangeEarth’sfutureandthecivilisationsofotherplanetsAnswerstoallthesequestionsarewaitingto_______________whenyougoonreading.Para2bediscoveredisrecruitedhasbeensetupgetscaughtupconnectedReadtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.(P5E3)《三體》是劉慈欣創(chuàng)作的長篇科幻小說系列，由《三體》《三體2∶黑暗森林》《三體3∶死神永生》組成，第一部于2006年5月起在《科幻世界》雜志上連載。作品講述了地球人類文明和三體文明的信息交流、生死搏殺及兩個文明在宇宙中的興衰歷程。WhydoestheauthorwritethispassageReadthepassageagainandanswerthequestionsblow.(P5E3)Howdoeshe/sheconveyhis/herpurposeThepassageisabookintroductiontothesci-finovelTheThree-BodyProblem,writtenbyChinesewriterLiuCixin.WithTheThree-BodyProblem,thewriterintendstotellushowourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedandrepresentedinsciencefiction.Thefirstparagraphtellsaboutthebook’swriterandtranslatorandintroducesitsinfluenceandachievement.Thesecondparagraphcontainsaverybriefsummaryofthebook’sbeginning,whichisaimedtoarousereaders’curiosity.1.Thecity

(recognize)asthemusicalcapitalofEuropesincethe16thcentury，hometothelikesofMozartandBeethoven.2.Mywashingmachine

(repair)thisweek，soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.3.Nowadays，cycling，alongwithjoggingandswimming，____________

(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.4.WeallfeelitisJackaswellashiswifethatis

(blame)fortheirson’sbadperformanceatschool.對點練習hasbeenrecognizedisbein