北京市海淀區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年八年級下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

海淀區(qū)八年級練習英語2024.07學(xué)校班級姓名考生須知1.本試卷共10頁，共九道大題，55道小題。滿分100分?？荚嚂r間90分鐘。2.在試卷和答題紙上準確填寫學(xué)校名稱、班級名稱、姓名。3.答案一律填涂或書寫在答題紙上，在試卷上作答無效。4.在答題紙上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其余題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。5.考試結(jié)束，請將本試卷和答題紙一并交回。聽力理解(共26分)一、聽后選擇(共9分，每題1.5分)聽下面三段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有兩道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。請聽一段對話，完成第1至第2小題。1.Whereisthegirlgoing?A.Toabank.B.Toahotel.C.Toacinema.2.Howisthegirlprobablygoingthere?A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.請聽一段對話，完成第3至第4小題。3.Whyistheboyupset?A.Becausehehadafightwithhissister.B.Becausehissistermesseduphisroom.C.BecausehissisterwatchedTVallthetime.4Whatwilltheboydonext?A.Talktohissister.B.Forgetaboutit.C.Cleantheroom.請聽一段獨白，完成第5至第6小題。5.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.Thetripwillstartat5:00a.m.B.Thestudentswillbuyamap.C.Mr.Brownwillbetheguide.6.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Tosuggestaplacetogosightseeing.B.Topreparestudentsforabikeridingtrip.C.ToexplaintherulesofvisitingtheGreatWall.二、聽后回答(共12分，每題2分)聽對話，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容筆頭回答問題。每段對話你將聽兩遍。請聽一段對話，完成第7小題。7.Whatwilltheboydofirst?______________________________請聽一段對話，完成第8小題。8.Whatdoesthegirlthinkofvisitingtheteamuseum?______________________________請聽一段對話，完成第9小題。9.Whatgiftdidtheboyget?______________________________請聽一段對話，完成第10小題。10.Whatdoesthegirladvisetheboytodo?______________________________請聽一段對話，完成第11至第12小題。11.Howlonghasthegirllearnedpainting?______________________________12.Whatdoesthegirlwanttobewhenshegrowsup?______________________________三、聽后轉(zhuǎn)寫(共5分)聽短文，請根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容和思維導(dǎo)圖中的提示信息，寫出短文主要內(nèi)容。請注意語法正確，語意連貫。短文開頭已經(jīng)給出，短文你將聽三遍。13.I'vegotsomeinformationabout___________________________________.知識運用(共28分)四、單項填空(共10分，每題1分)從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。1.Mysisterlovesmusicverymuchand________dreamistobeasinger.A.she B.he C.her D.his【答案】C【解析】句意：我妹妹非常喜歡音樂，她的夢想是成為一名歌手?？疾榇~辨析。she她；he他；her她，她的；his他的。根據(jù)“Mysisterlovesmusicverymuch”以及“dreamistobeasinger.”可知，此處使用形容詞性物主代詞修飾其后名詞，主語“mysister”是女性，所以用her。故選C。2.Iusuallyhelptocleanupthecityparks________Sundays.A.on B.in C.at D.for【答案】A【解析】句意：星期天我通常幫助打掃城市公園?？疾榻樵~辨析。on在具體某天；in接年/月/季節(jié)；at接具體某時刻；for接一段時間。根據(jù)“Sundays”可知，考查固定短語onSundays“在星期天”。故選A。3.Qomolangmais8,848.86metershigh,________itisverydangeroustoclimb.A.so B.for C.but D.or【答案】A【解析】句意：珠穆朗瑪峰高8848.86米，所以攀登它是非常危險的?？疾檫B詞辨析。so所以；for因為；but但是；or或者。根據(jù)“Qomolangmais8,848.86metershigh”以及“itisverydangeroustoclimb.”可知，應(yīng)該說珠穆朗瑪峰高8848.86米，“所以”攀登它是非常危險的，其他選項不符合語境。故選A。4.YuGongMovestheMountainsisoneof________storiesinChina.A.famous B.morefamous C.mostfamous D.themostfamous【答案】D【解析】句意：《愚公移山》是中國最著名的故事之一。考查最高級。oneofthe+形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“最……的……之一”，故選D。5.Mymumaskedme________thedogafterschool.A.walk B.towalk C.walking D.walked【答案】B【解析】句意：我媽媽叫我放學(xué)后去遛狗。考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)“Mymumaskedme”可知，考查asksbtodosth“要求某人做某事”，因此設(shè)空處填不定式。故選B。6.Tomisasciencelover.Heoften________attheNationalScienceMuseumontheweekend.A.volunteer B.volunteers C.volunteered D.hasvolunteered【答案】B【解析】句意：湯姆是一個科學(xué)愛好者。他經(jīng)常周末在國家科學(xué)博物館做志愿者?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)“Heoften”可知，該句描述經(jīng)常性的動作，為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是“He”，動詞填三單形式。故選B。7.I________tothenewamusementparkwithmyfriendsnextmonth.A.go B.went C.willgo D.havegone【答案】C【解析】句意：下個月我和我的朋友們將去新主題公園。考查一般將來時。由“nextmonth”可知，事情還未發(fā)生，應(yīng)用一般將來時willdo。故選C。8.—Whatwereyoudoingwhenitstartedtorainyesterday?—I________thepianoathome.A.play B.played C.wasplaying D.willplay【答案】C【解析】句意：——昨天開始下雨的時候你正在做什么？——我在家里彈鋼琴?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)“Whatwereyoudoingwhenitstartedtorainyesterday?”可知，設(shè)空處是問昨天開始下雨的時候正在進行的動作，因此為過去進行時。故選C。9.Jim________theSummerPalacetwicesincehecametoBeijing.A.visits B.visited C.wasvisiting D.hasvisited【答案】D【解析】句意：自從吉姆來到北京，他已經(jīng)參觀了頤和園兩次?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)“theSummerPalacetwicesincehecametoBeijing.”可知，該句是含有since的現(xiàn)在完成時，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“have/has+done”。故選D。10.—Doyouknow________?—Yes.Itteacheschildrenaboutendangeredanimals.A.whatdoestheprogramdo B.whattheprogramdoesC.whatdidtheprogramdo D.whattheprogramdid【答案】B【解析】句意：——你知道這個程序是做什么的嗎？——知道。它教孩子們有關(guān)瀕危動物的知識?？疾橘e語從句。know是動詞，此處是賓語從句。賓語從句是陳述語序，即“連接詞+主語+謂語動詞（+其他）”，故A與C選項錯誤。根據(jù)“Itteaches...”可知應(yīng)是一般現(xiàn)在時。故選B。五、選詞填空(共6分，每題1分)閱讀下面的短文，從方框中選擇適當?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空。normalfightusekeepanimalunlessTheMonkeyKingisnotjustany____11____monkey.Infact,sometimeshedoesn’tlooklikeamonkey!Thisisbecausehecanmake72changestohisshapeandsize,turninghimselfintodifferent____12____andobjects.But____13____hecanhidehistail,hecannotturnhimselfintoaman.Tofightbadpeople,theMonkeyKing____14____amagicstick.Sometimeshecanmakethesticksosmallthathecan____15____itinhisear.Atothertimes,heisabletomakeitbigandlong.TheMonkeyKinghasexcitedthechildrenofChinaformanyyears.AndassoonastheTVprogramcameoutmorethan40yearsago,WesternchildrenbecameinterestedinreadingthisstorybecausethecleverMonkeyKingkeeps____16____tohelptheweakandnevergivesup.【答案】11.normal12.animals13.unless14.uses15.keep16.fighting【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述美猴王不是一般的猴子，他手持金箍棒，會72變，美猴王讓中國的孩子們激動了很多年。美猴王一直為了幫助弱者而戰(zhàn)斗，并且永不放棄?！?1題】句意：美猴王不僅僅是一只普通的猴子。此處需填一個形容詞作定語修飾名詞monkey。結(jié)合下句“hedoesn’tlooklikeamonkey”和備選詞匯可知，“normal普通的，一般的”符合語境。故填normal。【12題】句意：這是因為他會根據(jù)他的形狀和大小做出72種變化，將自己變成不同的動物或物體。此處需填一個名詞和objects作并列賓語。結(jié)合句意和備選詞匯可知，“animal動物”符合語境。形容詞different“不同的”后應(yīng)跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填animals。【13題】句意：但除非他能隱藏自己的尾巴，否則他就無法把自己變成一個人。此處需填一個連詞。美猴王把自己變成一個人的條件是隱藏自己的尾巴。結(jié)合句意和備選詞匯可知，“unless除非”符合語境。故填unless。【14題】句意：為了打敗壞人，美猴王使用一個魔法棒。此處需填一個動詞作謂語。結(jié)合句意和備選詞匯可知，“use使用”符合語境，根據(jù)上下文時態(tài)可知，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是theMonkeyKing。謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填uses?！?5題】句意：有時他能將金箍棒變得如此之小以至于他能把它放到耳朵里。此處需填一個動詞。結(jié)合句意和備選詞匯可知，“keep放，存放”符合語境。情態(tài)動詞can后面跟動詞原形。故填keep?！?6題】句意：40多年前電視節(jié)目一出，西方的孩子開始對讀這個故事感興趣，因為聰明的美猴王為了幫助弱者而不斷戰(zhàn)斗，從不放棄。此處需填一個動名詞。keepdoingsth.意為“一直做某事”。結(jié)合“tohelptheweakandnevergivesup”和備選詞匯可知，“fight戰(zhàn)斗”符合語境。故填fighting。六、完形填空(共12分,每題1.5分)閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。JoaquinandhismothercaughtthebuseverydaytohisnewschoolaftermovingtoEngland.Joaquindidn’tknowmuchEnglish.Whentheygotonthebus,hismomwouldbuy____17____.Everymorningshewouldsay“TworeturnstoBlackfriars”.Whentheygotoffthebus,shewouldmakeJoaquinsay“Thankyouverymuch”.Joaquinwantedto____18____hisEnglishbeforehespokeit,buthenevertookthechancetopractice.Oneday,Joaquin’smothercaughtacoldandhadabadcough.ShetoldJoaquintobuytickets.Joaquintookadeepbreath.Hesteppedontothebus.Withasuddenburstofconfidence,Joaquinsaidinhismostpolitevoice,“TwoticketstoBlackfries,please.”Thebusdriverwasconfused,“Blackfries?”Joaquinfelthisfacegored,“ToBlackfries.MyschoolisatBlackfries.”“DoyoumeanBlackfriars?”“Yes.”O(jiān)ncehehadpaidfortheirtickets,he____19____himselfbehindhismomandcoveredhisface.Joaquinfeltashamed(羞愧的).Whentheygotoffthebus,Joaquindidn’tsay“Thankyou”tothebusdriverlikeheusuallydid.Fortherestoftheday,Joaquinwas____20____andupset.WhenJoaquin’smothercametoschoolto____21____him,shenoticedthathersonwasunhappy.“Joaquin,what’swrong?”“I’vebeenworriedalldayaboutmyEnglish.Itriedto____22____you,butIcouldn’tdoit.IwantmyEnglishtobeperfect,butIfinditscarytospeak.Iwanttogohome.”“It’sokay,mylove,”Joaquin’smothersaid____23____,“Youdon’tneedtobeperfect.Youjustneedtobeconfident.”Shesmiled,“Youaredoingsowell,andIamproudofyou.Don’tgiveup,Joaquin.”Joaquinnodded.Thebusarrivedtotakethemhome.Whentheyreachedtheirstop,heconfidentlythankedthebusdriverwithabrightsmile.Thebusdriversmiledandthankedhimback.AsJoaquinandhismotherwalkedhome,herealizedthatifhehadenough____24____andheldhisheadhigh,thenhecoulddoanything.17.A.cards B.tickets C.toys D.drinks18.A.judge B.prove C.perfect D.present19.A.hid B.prepared C.enjoyed D.taught20.A.tired B.smart C.quiet D.excited21.A.train B.collect C.control D.change22.A.stop B.trust C.save D.help23.A.patiently B.angrily C.coldly D.differently24.A.interest B.honesty C.creativity D.confidence【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.C21.B22.D23.A24.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述了Joaquin因為英語不好不敢說英語，而他的媽媽鼓勵他只需要自信就可以了，在媽媽的鼓勵下，他變得自信起來。【17題】句意：當他們上了公共汽車，他的媽媽會買票。cards卡片；tickets票；toys玩具；drinks飲料。根據(jù)“Whentheygotonthebus,hismomwouldbuy”以及后文媽媽說的“TworeturnstoBlackfriars”可知，是買票。故選B?！?8題】句意：Joaquin想在說英語之前完善自己的英語，但他從來沒有機會練習。judge判斷；prove證明；perfect使完善；present展現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“hisEnglishbeforehespokeit,buthenevertookthechancetopractice.”以及后文的“IwantmyEnglishtobeperfect,”可知，此處指的是他想完善自己的英語。故選C?！?9題】句意：買完票后，他躲在媽媽身后，遮住了臉。hid躲；prepared準備；enjoyed享受；taught教。根據(jù)“himselfbehindhismomandcoveredhisface.”可知，是躲在媽媽身后。故選A?！?0題】句意：那天剩下的時間里，Joaquin安靜而沮喪。tired累的；smart聰明的；quiet安靜的；excited興奮的。根據(jù)“andupset.”并結(jié)合語境，可知指的是安靜而沮喪。故選C?！?1題】句意：當Joaquin的母親來學(xué)校接他時，她注意到兒子不開心。train培訓(xùn)；collect聚集，集合；control控制；change改變。根據(jù)“WhenJoaquin’smothercametoschoolto…h(huán)im”可知，是來和他集合，即來接他。故選B。【22題】句意：我想幫你，但我做不到。stop停止；trust相信；save保存；help幫助。根據(jù)“you,butIcouldn’tdoit.IwantmyEnglishtobeperfect,”可知，此處指的是想幫你但是做不到。故選D?！?3題】句意：“沒事的，我的寶貝，”Joaquin的母親耐心地說，“你不需要完美。你只需要自信?！眕atiently有耐心地；angrily生氣地；coldly冷淡地；differently不同地。根據(jù)媽媽說的“It’sokay,mylove,”以及“Youdon’tneedtobeperfect.Youjustneedtobeconfident.”可知，媽媽是耐心地說。故選A?！?4題】句意：當Joaquin和母親走回家時，他意識到，如果他有足夠的信心，高昂著頭，那么他可以做任何事情。interest興趣；honesty誠實；creativity創(chuàng)造力；confidence信心。根據(jù)前文媽媽說的“Youjustneedtobeconfident.”以及“andheldhisheadhigh,thenhecoulddoanything”可知，此處指的是只要他有足夠的信心，他可以做任何事情。故選D。閱讀理解(共26分)七、閱讀理解(共26分，每題2分)(一)閱讀下列活動介紹，請根據(jù)人物喜好和需求，選擇適合的活動并將活動對應(yīng)的A、B、C、D選項填寫在相應(yīng)位置上。選項中有一項為多余選項。ASummercampsareagreatwayforyoutoexperiencenewthingsandhavefun.Herearesometotryout.AMusicCampscanprovideyouwithagoodchancetolearntoplayinstruments,sing,danceandmakenewfriends.Youmayevengettolearnhowtomakeyourownsongs.AgreatnumberofmusiccampsSunamerareavailableforallagesandskilllevels.CainlBSportsCampsaregreatplacestomeetnewpeople,developskills,andhavefun.Somecampsfocusonimprovingsportsskills,whileothersoftenholdsportsgames.Youwillhavethechancetolearnfromgoodcoachesandothertalentedplayers.SPORTSCAMPCLeadershipWorkshopshelpstudentshaveamorepositiveandopenattitudetowardsnewthings.Workingwithexperiencedtrainersandlivingwithotheryoungleaders,youcanlearnhowtodoyourbest,betruetoyourselfandmakeapositivedifference.DCollegeRoadTripscangiveyouaclearideaofwhereyou’dliketocontinueyoureducation.Youcangetasenseofcollegelife,meetcollegestudentsandvisitplacesthataredifferentfromamiddleschool.Thistypeofcampsisoftenhostedbyorganizationsthatpartnerwithuniversities.25.Davewantstoimprovehisskillsinsoccerandmeettalentedplayers.26.Judyisamusicloverandshedreamsofmakingherownsongs.27.Aronisplanningatripandhehopestogetasenseofcollegelife.【答案】25.B26.A27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了四個夏令營活動?！?5題】根據(jù)“Davewantstoimprovehisskillsinsoccerandmeettalentedplayers.”可知，戴夫想提高自己的足球技術(shù)，結(jié)識有天賦的球員。B選項“運動營地是結(jié)識新朋友、發(fā)展技能和享受樂趣的好地方……”與之對應(yīng)，故選B?！?6題】根據(jù)“Judyisamusicloverandshedreamsofmakingherownsongs.”可知，朱迪是一個音樂愛好者，她夢想著制作自己的歌曲。A選項“音樂營……甚至可以學(xué)習如何制作自己的歌曲……”與之對應(yīng)，故選A?！?7題】根據(jù)“Aronisplanningatripandhehopestogetasenseofcollegelife.”可知，阿倫正在計劃一次旅行，他希望了解大學(xué)生活。D選項“大學(xué)公路旅行……可以了解大學(xué)生活，結(jié)識大學(xué)生……”與之對應(yīng)，故選D。(二)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。B“Michael,comeon!Let’sgetgoing!”myoldersisterRoseshouted.“I’mcoming!”TheyearlyMiniMarathon(馬拉松)wasDadandRose’stradition.AlthoughIdidn’tlikeexercising,Iagreedtojointhemthisyear,formydadpromisedIcouldwearhisfavoritesmartwatch.Wegottotherace.Soontheracestarted.RoseandDadwereoffwiththecrowd,butIdecidedtorunonmyown.Afterthefirstmile,IfeltsurprisinglylesstiredthanIthought.MaybeIwasmeanttobearunner—maybeI’devenbeatmysister!Afterthefirstmileandahalf,Ithoughtthismightnotbesobaduntilmylegstartedtocrampup!Oh,no!Icouldn’ttakeonestepfarther.Iwalkedtothesideoftheroadwithdifficulty.“Michael!”someonecalledout.ItwasJosh,oneofRose’steammatesonthetrackteam.“Areyouokay?”heasked.“I’mokay.Justcrampingup,nobigdeal.”“Sometimesthebestwaytodealwithitisjusttokeepmoving.Let’sgotogether.”“Youaresonicetostopandhelp.”Isaid.“Don’tmentionit,buddy.Weleavenoteammatebehind.”Aswewalked,wesawthesignpassfortwomiles.Okay,overhalfwaythere.ThenIstartedtorunagain.Ifeltitwasdifficultanduncomfortable.Suddenly,Iheardsomeonecalloutmyname.ItwasRose.“Ididn’tseeyoujustnow.Whathappened?”Roseasked.“Littlemanisallgood—justsomecramps,”Joshadded.Iwassoembarrassed(尷尬的).“Yeah,IguessIwasn’tasreadyasIthought,because,well,Ididn’treallytrain.”“Nowonder!You’vegottobuilduptothis!”shesaid“Howareyoufeelingnow?”“Better.Rose,youshouldn’thavestoppedforme—yourtimeisgoingtobeterriblenow!”“You’remylittlebrother,andIdon’twantyoutogetinjured.Let’straintogethernexttime.Trainingiseasierwhensomeoneisbyyourside.”“Yeah.Thanks,Rose.”Shesmiled.“Let’sfinishthisracetogether.”“Alright,let’sgo!”28.MichaelagreedtoruntheyearlyMiniMarathonbecause________.A.hewantedtobearealrunner B.hecouldwearDad’ssmartwatchC.hetrainedhardfortherace D.helikedexercisingverymuch29.WhenMichaelstartedtorunagain,hefeltitwas________.A.excitingandinteresting B.unusualanddangerousC.difficultanduncomfortable D.surprisingandembarrassing30.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Havingagoalisimportanttosuccess.B.It’simportanttokeeppromisestoothers.C.Friendsandfamilyarealwaysthereforyou.D.It’seasiertodothingsalonethanwithothers.【答案】28.B29.C30.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者參加迷你馬拉松比賽，中途腿抽筋了，在姐姐和姐姐的一個隊友Josh的幫助下繼續(xù)參加比賽的故事?！?8題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AlthoughIdidn’tlikeexercising,Iagreedtojointhemthisyear,formydadpromisedIcouldwearhisfavoritesmartwatch.”可知，作者同意參加一年一度的迷你馬拉松比賽，因為他可以戴爸爸的智能手表。故選B?！?9題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThenIstartedtorunagain.Ifeltitwasdifficultanduncomfortable.”可知，當作者再次開始跑步時，他覺得很困難，也很不舒服。故選C。【30題】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了作者參加迷你馬拉松比賽，中途腿抽筋了，在姐姐和姐姐的一個隊友Josh的幫助下繼續(xù)參加比賽的故事，所以C項正確。故選C。CThebatterieswenormallyusehavetwonoticeableproblems,bothofwhichlieinthematerials.Firstly,lithium(鋰),commonlyusedinbatteries,isbelievedtobeexpensiveandcausewaterandlandpollution.Besides,mostbatteriesusealiquidelectrolyte(液體電解質(zhì)).Theseliquidsareflammable,whichmeanstheycancatchfireeasily.ScientistsfromthePacificNorthwestNationalLaboratory(PNNL)areworkinghardtomakenewmaterialsforbatteries,andthey'vegothelpfromartificialintelligence(AI).ThePNNLscientistsfocusedonsolid(固體)electrolytes,tryingtouselesslithiuminthemeanwhile.Theybeganwithmorethan32millionpossiblematerials.TheAIprogramstudiedthislist.“Thefirststepwastofindouttheonesthatarestable(穩(wěn)定的),”saidKandlerSmith,anexpertfromthePNNL,“Manyofthematerialsinthelistwouldnotworkinareallab,becausethesematerialsarenotstable.”ThenAIstarteditsjobbystudyingthe32millionmaterials,andcutthelistdowntohalfamillionataspeedthatsurprisedeveryone.Theteamthenchoseotherwaystolimitthenumberofmaterials.Costtomakethematerialwasoneexample.Intheend,scientistswereleftwith18finalists.Theystudiedthesematerials,andfinallynarroweddowntoonenewmaterial.Andtheybuiltaworkingbatteryfromit!SmithwasveryimpressedthatittookAIjustover80computerhourstofinishthetask.Thesameworkwouldhavetakenabout20yearsifdonethroughexperimentsinalab.Withsolidelectrolytes,thenewly-builtbatteriesarehopefullymorestableandmuchlessflammable.Moreover,thenewmaterialhas70%lesslithiumthananormalbattery.Batteriesmadewiththismaterialcouldcostlessinthefuture.Butoneproblemisthatthenewly-builtbatteriescharge(充電)muchmoreslowly,whichscientistswouldneedtoworkon.Still,Smithbelievesit’sanexcellentstartingpoint.HeisexcitedabouttheimpactofusingAI.Ithasreallyspeduptheworkscientistscoulddo.Thesameprogramcouldhelpscientistsinhundredsofotherfields.31.ThePNNLscientistsusedAIto________.A.controlthecostoftheexperimentB.cutdownthelistofpossiblematerialsC.makethedangerofbatteriesnoticeableD.comparesolidelectrolyteswithliquidones32.Accordingtothepassage,thenewly-builtbattery________.A.usesaliquidelectrolyte B.getschargedmorequicklyC.couldbesaferwithlesscost D.mightbeusedforalongertime33.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AI:AKeytoScientificDifficultiesB.AI:AGreatHelperinBatteryBuildingC.Newly-builtBattery:LightoftheFutureD.Newly-builtBattery:SuccessinCuttingCost【答案】31.B32.C33.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了人工智能應(yīng)用于制造電池?！?1題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“‘Thefirststepwastofindouttheonesthatarestable(穩(wěn)定的),’saidKandlerSmith,anexpertfromthePNNL,‘Manyofthematerialsinthelistwouldnotworkinareallab,becausethesematerialsarenotstable.’”可知，清單上的許多材料在真正的實驗室中都無法工作，因為這些材料不穩(wěn)定。第一步是找出那些穩(wěn)定的，即減少列表上可能的材料。故選B?！?2題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Withsolidelectrolytes,thenewly-builtbatteriesarehopefullymorestableandmuchlessflammable.”可知，使用固體電解質(zhì)，新制造的電池有望更穩(wěn)定，更不易燃?！癕oreover,thenewmaterialhas70%lesslithiumthananormalbattery.Batteriesmadewiththismaterialcouldcostlessinthefuture.”可知，這種新材料的鋰含量比普通電池低70%。用這種材料制成的電池將來的成本會更低。由此可知這種新型電池更安全、成本更低。故選C。【33題】最佳標題題。根據(jù)文章可知，本文主要介紹了人工智能應(yīng)用于制造電池，故最佳標題是“AI：電池制造的大幫手”。故選B。DMaryhasalwaysbeenoneofthebeststudentsinherclass.Sheoftensaystoherself:“IfItryabitharder,Icanimprovestillmore.”O(jiān)nceaga?n,hergradestopthelistwhensheentershighschool.Butthenshebeginstoworry:“HowcanIkeepthisup?WhatifIgetabadgrade?Whatwouldothersthink?HowcanIlookmyselfinthemirrorifI’mnotperfect?”Maryisanexampleofahigh-achievingstudentwhoseoutstandingperformanceinschoolhasmadeheraperfectionist.Perfectionistsoftenhaveveryhighstandardsandareoverlycritical(批評的)ofthemselvesiftheyfallshortofthosestandards.Astudyamongstudentsaged12to19showsthathighacademic(學(xué)業(yè)的)achievementisacommonreasonforthedevelopmentofperfectionism.Ithaslongbeenbelievedthatperfectionismleadstobetterperformance.Inthisview,perfectionismhasabrightsidebecauseitdrivesstudentstoperformbetterandbetter.Butthenewstudyquestionsthis.Actually,itsupportstheoppositeidea——highperformanceleadstoincreasesinperfectionism.Thatis,it’snotperfectionismthatmakesstudentsbetteratwhattheydo,buttheotherwayaround.Continuouspositivefeedback(反饋)seemstopushstudentstoworkharderformoreand,astheyrealizetheycanreachtheirhighgoals,theyraisetheirstandardsevenhigher.Itshouldalsobenotedthatresearchgenerallypointstothebenefitsofhighacademicsuccess.However,thisnewstudyonceagainchallengesthatidea.Academicsuccessmaycomewithcertaincosts.Studentsmaycometoseeitasbotharesponsibilityandaburden(負擔),believingthattheyneedtokeepthisperfectimagethathasalreadybeenformed.So,studentswhohaveachievedacademicsuccessarelikelytosufferfromthefearofmakingmistakes,performingpoorlyinexamsandlosingtherespectofothers.Iftheydoso,they’vefallenintothetrap(陷阱)ofperfectionism.TherearemanytopstudentslikeMary,whoareusedtogettingthebestgrades.Theyhavedevelopedaperfectionisticmindset,thinkingtheirliveswouldbedestroyediftheyeverfailed.It’sveryimportantthatthesestudentsshouldlearnnotonlyhowtoachieveacademicsuccess,butalsohowtodealwiththatsuccesswithoutfallingintothetrapofperfectionism.34.Thewords“fallshortof”inParagraph2probablymean“________”.A.refusetoraise B.holdonto C.failtomeet D.keepupwith35.Whatcanwelearnfromthenewstudyinthepassage?A.Highacademicachievementislikelytodeepenperfectionism.B.Perfectionismdrivesstudentstobettertheirlearninghabits.C.Topstudentsbenefitgreatlyfrombeingperfectionists.D.Morecriticismpushesstudentstoreachtheirgoals.36.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A.makingmistakescomeswithcertaincostsB.gettinggoodgradesstopsstudentsfromenjoyinglifeC.studentscanactuallygrowfromchallengesintheirstudiesD.studentsshouldlearntoproperlydealwithacademicsuccess37.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toshowthebenefitsperfectionismmaybring.B.Todiscusshowtokeepperfectimagesatschool.C.Toadvisestudentsagainsthavinghighexpectations.D.Towarnstudentsnottobecaughtupinperfectionism.【答案】34.C35.A36.D37.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了現(xiàn)在很多學(xué)生在學(xué)術(shù)上取得成功之后會擔心自己不能達到別人的期望，這種吹毛求疵的心理帶來極大的危害，他們應(yīng)從自己的成就中去看待自己，防范吹毛求疵的陷阱?！?4題】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Perfectionistsoftenhaveveryhighstandardsandareoverlycritical(批評的)ofthemselvesiftheyfallshortofthosestandards.”可知，那些完美主義者有很高的標準，如果他們未達到這些標準，他們會很輕易的批評他們自己。故此處是講如果他們沒有達到這些標準，他們就會批評他們自己。所以fallshortof的意思是沒有達到，與failtomeet意思相同。故選C?！?5題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Actually,itsupportstheoppositeidea——highperformanceleadstoincreasesinperfectionism.”可知，事實上，它支持相反的觀點高表現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致完美主義的增加。故高成就可能會加深完美主義。故選A。【36題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It’sveryimportantthatthesestudentsshouldlearnnotonlyhowtoachieveacademicsuccess,butalsohowtodealwiththatsuccesswithoutfallingintothetrapofperfectionism.”可知，這些學(xué)生學(xué)習如何取得學(xué)業(yè)成功固然重要，但學(xué)會如何在不陷入完美主義陷阱的情況下處理這種成功也同樣重要。故學(xué)生不僅要學(xué)習如何取得成功，也要學(xué)會正確處理學(xué)業(yè)上的成功。故選D?！?7題】主旨大意題。根據(jù)根據(jù)“It’sveryimportantthatthesestudentsshouldlearnnotonlyhowtoachieveacademicsuccess,butalsohowtodealwiththatsuccesswithoutfallingintothetrapofperfectionism.”可知，這些學(xué)生學(xué)習如何取得學(xué)業(yè)成功固然重要，但學(xué)會如何在不陷入完美主義陷阱的情況下處理這種成功也同樣重要。故作者意在告誡學(xué)生不要陷入完美主義的陷阱。故選D。書面表達(共20分)八、閱讀表達(共10分,第51至第53題每題2分,第54題4分)閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Haveyouheardaboutanimalcafés?Inmanyzoos,youcanonlyseetheanimalsincages.However,itwillbeeasyforyoutopetsomecuteanimalsinananimalcafé.It’saplacewhereyoucanplaywithanimalswhileenjoyingthefoodanddrinks.Catcafésarethemostpopularandhavebeenaroundforthelongest.Whenyouspendtimewiththecats,youcaneitherinteractwiththemorjusttakeiteasywhilereadingabook.Theinsidesofmanycafésarelikeregularhouses,lettingyourelaxasifyouwereatafriend’shouseorevenyourownhome.Toattractmorevisitors,theownersofthecafésalsolookafterotheranimalssuchasdogs,rabbitsandducks.“Becauseoflimitedlivingspaceandbusyworkschedules,manyyoungpeoplearenowunabletoraisepetsthemselves.Thepetsheresatisfytheirneeds.”saidDuanMu,theownerofacafé.UptoFebruary2024,thereweremorethan4,000animalcafésinChina.Animalcaféscanbemainlydividedintotwomodes(模式).Thefirstmoderaisesanimalsinthecaféandisusuallywelcomedbycustomerswhodon’thavepets.Theseplaceschargeadmission(收費).Thesecondmodesimplyallowspetstovisitandenjoycoffeetimewiththeirowners.Thereisnoadmissioncharge.Butthecustomersneedtoorderdrinksandsnacksiftheystayinananimalcaféwiththeirownpets.“Iprefertochooseacaféthatallowsmetobringalongmyowncat.”YuMiao,a30-year-oldcatownersaid.Petsarethehighlightofanimalcafés,buttheycanalsopresenttrouble.Somedoctorsremindtheprobablehygiene-related(衛(wèi)生相關(guān)的)foodproblemscausedbyanimals.Manycaféownersalsosaythattherearesometimesincidentsofanimalsbitingorscratching(抓傷)customers.Itisimportantnottorunafteranimalsortrytopickthemupbyforce.Youarenotallowedtouseyourcameraflashwhentakingpictures,either.38.Whatisananimalcafé?_____________________________________39.Whydotheownersofthecatcafésalsolookafterotheranimals?_____________________________________40.Whatdothecustomersneedtodoiftheystayinananimalcaféwiththeirownpets?_____________________________________41.Wouldyouliketogotoananimalcafé?Whyorwhynot?(Giveatleast2reasons.)_____________________________________【答案】38.It’saplacewhereyoucanplaywithanimalswhileenjoyingthefoodanddrinks.39.Toattractmorevisitors./Becausetheywanttoattractmorevisitors.40.Thecustomersneedtoorderdrinksandsnacks.41.Yes.BecauseIcanplaywithanimalsandIcanalsoreadbooksandrelaxmyselfthere.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了動物咖啡館?！?8題】根據(jù)第一段“Haveyouheardaboutanimalcafés?”和“It’saplacewhereyoucanplaywithanimalswhileenjoyingthefoodanddrinks.”可知，這是一個你可以在享受食物和飲料，同時與動物玩耍的地方。故填I(lǐng)t’saplacewhereyoucanplaywithanimalswhileenjoyingthefoodanddrinks.【39題】根據(jù)第二段“Toattractmorevisitors,theownersofthecafésalsolookafterotheranimalssuchasdogs,rabbitsandducks.”可知，為了吸引更多的游客，咖啡館的主人還照顧其他動物，如狗、兔子和鴨子。故填Toattractmorevisitors./Becausetheywanttoattractmorevisitors.40題】根據(jù)第三段“Butthecustomersneedtoorderdrinksandsnacksiftheystayinananimalcaféwiththeirownpets.”可知，如果顧客和自己的寵物待在動物咖啡館，他們需要點飲料和零食。故填Thecustomersneedtoorderdrinksandsnacks.【41題】本題答案不唯一，言之有理即可。由文章可知，在動物咖啡館理既可以和小動物一起玩，也可以閱讀、放松自己。故填Yes.BecauseIcanplaywithanimalsandIcanalsoreadbooksandrelaxmyselfthere.九、文段表達(10分)從下面兩個題目中任選一題，根據(jù)所給提示，完成一篇不少于50詞的英語文段寫作。文中已給出內(nèi)容不計入總詞數(shù)。所給提示詞語僅供選用。請不要寫出你的校名和姓名。題目①42.假如你是李華，你校英語社團將要舉行一次讀書分享會(ReadingSalon)。你打算邀請交換生Peter參加這次活動。請你用英文給他寫一封電子郵件，告知他活動的時間和地點，活動內(nèi)容以及需要做什么準備。提示詞語：library,introduce,share,favorite提示問題：●WhenandwherewillyouhavetheReadingSalon?●Whatareyougoingtodo?●WhatdoyouadvisePetertoprepareforthisactivity?DearPeterHowisitgoing?IamwritingtoinviteyoutotheReadingSaloninourschool.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________