2024年中考英語真題分類匯編（全國）（第一期）專題25 短文填空 考點3 自由填空和綜合填空（第01期）（解析版）

專題25短文填空考點3自由填空和綜合填空（第01期）一、短文自由填空（2024·河南·中考真題）閱讀短文，根據(jù)語篇要求填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞。ReadingWorksheetStoriesWhatdoyouthinkofthestory?TheBoyWhoCriedWolfThisisawonderfulstoryeveryoneshouldknow.We’resupposedtokeepinmindthatit1importanttotellthetruth.TheUglyDucklingIlikeit!Thismightbe2mostfamousshortstoryofall.Ittellsusthatweshouldbeproud3whoweare,evenifwedon’tlookorfeellikeeveryoneelse.StoneSoupItisaninterestingstory4teachesustoworktogetherandshare.Iwonderwhatmyfriendswouldbringtoputinthepot(鍋)ofsoupiftheywereinthestory.Youcanalsoaskyourfriends5thinkaboutit.Theiranswersmightbefun!【答案】1．is2．the3．of4．that/which5．to【導語】本文介紹了三個故事和對故事的看法。1．句意：我們應該記住說真話是很重要的。根據(jù)“it…importanttotellthetruth”可知，此處需要be動詞作謂語，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是it，故填is。2．句意：這可能是最著名的短篇小說了。根據(jù)“Thismightbe…mostfamousshortstoryofall.”可知，此處是“the+形容詞最高級”結構，故填the。3．句意：它告訴我們，我們應該為自己感到驕傲，即使我們看起來或感覺和別人不一樣。根據(jù)“Ittellsusthatweshouldbeproud…whoweare”可知，beproudof“為……感到驕傲”，固定短語，故填of。4．句意：這是一個有趣的故事，教會我們一起工作和分享。根據(jù)“Itisaninterestingstory…teachesustoworktogetherandshare.”可知，此處是定語從句，先行詞是物，引導詞在從句中作主語，用that/which引導。故填that/which。5．句意：你也可以讓你的朋友考慮一下。根據(jù)“Youcanalsoaskyourfriends…thinkaboutit.”可知，此處是asksbtodosth短語，故填to。（2024·內蒙古赤峰·中考真題）閱讀短文，根據(jù)語篇內容填空，使短文通順、意思完整，每空限填一詞。TheCountryfair(集市)isacommonformoftradinginChina.Inmyhometown,Chifeng,there6fairsearlyinthemorning.Theyareverypopular.Foods,fruits,vegetables,clothesanddailynecessitiesaredisplayedalongbothsides7theroad.Thefairsareopenforjust2or3hours,sopeopleoftenget8veryearly.Theyareveryexcitedtodothiskindofshopping.In9lastmonthofthelunaryear,thefairsarebusierthanusual.GoodsfortheSpringFestivalarefoundthere.Familiesoftendotheshoppingtogether.Theybuydeliciousfood,pictures,duilianandsoon.Itisthehappiestmomentforkids.Theirparentsoftenbuysomefireworksfor10.Thisiswhathappinessisabout.【答案】6．are7．of8．up9．the10．them【導語】本文是一篇說明文，作者介紹了自己家鄉(xiāng)的集市。6．句意：在我的家鄉(xiāng)赤峰，一大早就有集市。此處是therebe句型，意為“有”。時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是復數(shù)，be動詞用are。故填are。7．句意：食物、水果、蔬菜、衣服和生活必需品陳列在道路兩側。bothsidesoftheroad“道路兩側”，用介詞of，表“……的”。故填of。8．句意：集市只開放兩三個小時，所以人們常常起得很早。此處指人們?yōu)榱粟s集會起得很早。getup“起床”，動詞短語。故填up。9．句意：在農歷的最后一個月，集市比平時更繁忙。根據(jù)“In…lastmonthofthelunaryear”可知，此處特指農歷的最后一個月，其前應加定冠詞the。故填the。10．句意：他們的父母經常給他們買一些煙花。buysth.forsb.“給某人買某物”。此處指父母給孩子們買煙花，故用代詞賓格them，指代上文提到的kids，作介詞for的賓語。故填them。（2024·山西·中考真題）請閱讀下面語篇，根據(jù)其內容，在空白處填入適當?shù)膯卧~，使其通順、連貫，并將答案寫在答題卡相應的位置上。每空一詞。Asthesayinggoes,“Lifeislikeaboxofchocolates,youneverknowwhatyouwillget.”Duringourpreparationforzhongkao,wemightgetthebitter(苦的)chocolate.Thebitternesscomesfrommanythings,11gettingupearly,doingallkindsofexercisesandsoon.Butwhenwetastethebitternesscarefully,wewillbesurprisedtodiscoversomesweetnessinit.Thesweetnesscomesfromthe12wholoveus.Thefirstmustbeourparents.Theyhelpedustotidyupourroomsandpreparedeliciousmeals.Besides,wewanttoexpressthankstoourteachers.They13ustobringoutthebestinourselves.Also,weshouldn’tforgetourclassmates.Theyhelpedustokeepmovingwhenwewantedtogive14.Withthehelpofallofthem,wecouldachievesomuchinourlife.Andlifeisthesame.Bitternessisjusttheoutside,15thesweetnessistheinside.Whenwethinklifeisnotwhatweexpect,wecanlooktothebrightsideandwillfindsomethingnice.【答案】11．like/including12．people/persons13．helped14．up15．but【導語】本文講述了我們的生活中既有苦澀，也有甜蜜。當我們面對苦澀時，不要忘記尋找生命中的甜蜜。11．句意：苦澀來自很多事情，比如/包括早起，做各種練習等等。此處缺少介詞，下文用以舉例一些苦澀的事情，故用like“例如”或including“包括”。故填like/including。12．句意：甜蜜來自愛我們的人。此處缺少名詞作賓語。根據(jù)下文“Thefirstmustbeourparents…Besides,wewanttoexpressthankstoourteachers.…”可知，此處指甜蜜來自于愛我們的人們，故用people“人”或名詞復數(shù)persons“人”。故填people/persons。13．句意：他們幫助我們展現(xiàn)了自己最好的一面。此處缺少謂語動詞。根據(jù)“Besides,wewanttoexpressthankstoourteachers.They…ustobringoutthebestinourselves.”可知，此處指老師幫助我們展現(xiàn)最好的一面。help“幫助”，動詞，結合下文“Theyhelpedustokeepmoving…”可知，此處是一般過去時，謂語動詞用其過去式。故填helped。14．句意：當我們想放棄的時候，他們幫助我們繼續(xù)前進。根據(jù)“Theyhelpedustokeepmovingwhenwewantedtogive…”可知，此處指當我們想要放棄的時候，同學們幫助我們前進。giveup“放棄”，動詞短語。故填up。15．句意：苦澀只是外表，但甜蜜是內在。此處缺少連詞，前后文之間是轉折關系，故用but“但是”連接。故填but。二、短文綜合填空（2024·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·中考真題）閱讀短文，根據(jù)首字母或所給詞的適當形式填空，使文章語義通順。Electriccarsmayseemtobearecentinvention,buttheyhavebeenaroundforyears.Intheearly1900s,thereweremoreelectriccarsontheroadt16gasoline(汽油)cars.Atthattime,gasolinewasexpensivecomparedwithotherfuels(燃料),soelectriccarsweremorepopular.Whengasolinepricesd17andnewtechnologiesongasolinecarsweredeveloped,electriccarswereoutofdate.Gasolinecarsbecamemorepopulari18.Duringthe20thcentury,gasolinecarsgotbigger,19(heavy)andfaster.Moreandmorepeoplehadboughtgasolinecars.Morefuelwasneeded.Sothisc20moreairpollution.Whenpeoplebegantor21thattherewerenotenoughoilontheearth,theyrequiredcar22(make)toproducemoreefficient(高效能的)cars.Onemethodof23(solve)theproblemwasa“hybrid”car,onethatranpartlyongasolineandpartlyonelectricity.Hybridcarsbecamepopularinthe2000sbecausegasolinepriceswentupwhilepricesofhybridcarswentdown.Anall-electriccarusesnogasoline.H24,theproblemisthatelectriccarsarenotsuitableforlongjourneys.Manypeoplearenotpleasedwithit.Thegovernmentandthecarfactoriesareworkingtogethertodevelopsafe,cheapand25(use)electriccars.Whenmoreandmorepeoplehavetheseelectriccarsinthefuture,agasolinestationmaydisappear.【答案】16．(t)han17．(d)ropped18．(i)nstead19．heavier20．(c)aused21．(r)ealize/(r)ealise22．makers23．solving24．(H)owever25．useful【導語】本文主要介紹了電動汽車的發(fā)展情況。16．句意：在20世紀初，路上行駛的電動汽車比汽油車多。根據(jù)“thereweremoreelectriccarsontheroadt...gasoline(汽油)cars”可知，路上行駛的電動汽車比汽油車多，than“比”符合語境，故填(t)han。17．句意：當汽油價格下降和汽油車的新技術被開發(fā)出來時，電動汽車就過時了。根據(jù)“Whengasolinepricesd...andnewtechnologiesongasolinecarsweredeveloped,electriccarswereoutofdate.”可知，汽油價格下降且有技術更新，電動汽車會過時，drop“下降”，時態(tài)是一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填(d)ropped。18．句意：汽油車反而變得更受歡迎。根據(jù)“electriccarswereoutofdate.Gasolinecarsbecamemorepopulari...”可知，電動汽車過時了，那么汽油車反而變得更受歡迎，instead“反而”符合語境，故填(i)nstead。19．句意：在20世紀，汽油車變得更大、更重、更快。此處與bigger和faster并列，所以用形容詞比較級heavier“更重”，故填heavier。20．句意：這就造成了更多的空氣污染。根據(jù)“Moreandmorepeoplehadboughtgasolinecars,morefuelwasneeded.Sothisc...moreairpollution.”可知，使用更多的燃料造成了更多的空氣污染，cause“造成”，時態(tài)是一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填(c)aused。21．句意：當人們開始意識到地球上沒有足夠的石油時，他們要求汽車制造商生產更節(jié)能的汽車。根據(jù)“Whenpeoplebegantor...thattherewerenotenoughoilontheearth”可知，人們意識到地球上沒有足夠的石油，realize/realise“意識到”，begantodosth“開始做某事”，故填(r)ealize/(r)ealise。22．句意：當人們開始意識到地球上沒有足夠的石油時，他們要求汽車制造商生產更節(jié)能的汽車。根據(jù)“theyrequiredcar...toproducemoreefficient(高效能的)cars”可知，要求汽車制造商生產更節(jié)能的汽車，maker“制造商”，此處表示復數(shù)含義，使用名詞復數(shù)形式，故填makers。23．句意：解決這個問題的一種方法是“混合動力”汽車，一種部分使用汽油，部分使用電力的汽車。of是介詞，其后用動名詞作賓語，故填solving。24．句意：然而，問題是電動汽車不適合長途旅行。前后兩句構成轉折關系，可用however“然而”連接，句首需大寫首字母。故填(H)owever。25．句意：政府和汽車工廠正在合作開發(fā)安全、便宜和有用的電動汽車。此處與safe和cheap并列作定語，useful“有用的”符合語境，故填useful。（2024·重慶·中考真題）根據(jù)下面短文內容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格處填上一個最恰當?shù)脑~，使短文完整、通順。請將完整的單詞填寫在答題卡上對應的位置。“Doyougetenoughsleep?”Theanswerisprobablynoifyouaskatiredstudentwhoisalwaystakinganap(小睡)onaclassroomdesk.“Icouldn’tgettosleepandexperiencedarestlessnightagain.”Youmayoftenhearsuchwordsfromanadult.Nothavingenough26isacommonproblemaroundtheworld.However,sleepisjustlikefoodandwatertous.27ofuscanliveifwedon’tsleepatall.Sleepexpertssaythatanadultrequires7to9hoursofsleepanightandateenagerneeds8.5to9.5hours.Anythinglesscouldbeh28toourhealth.Accordingtoastudy,sleepingonlyfivehoursanightforaweekislikehavingablood-alcohol(酒精)levelof0.1percent.Thatisabovethesafedrivinglimit(限制)inmostcountries.Mostpeopleprobablywouldn’ttakeanexamorgotoworkiftheygetdrunk.But29enoughsleep,theystilldothesethings.Asaresult,they30intheexamsorperformbadlyatwork.What’sworse,doctorsandnursesoftenworklonghours.Whentheyaresleepy,theymighthurtapatientoreven31apatient’sdeathbyaccident.32sleepissoimportant,manypeoplethesedaysarenotgettingenough.Inasurvey,twentypercentsaythatdaytimesleepinessinfluencestheirdailywork.Theyfeelithardtopayfullattentionduringtheday.However,theydon’tseemtocare.Someevenshowoffhowenergetictheycanbethenextdayjustwithlittlesleep.Itmaybetimetowakeupand33thewaywethink.Weshouldrealizethatnotsleepingenoughisaseriousproblem.【答案】26．sleep27．None28．(h)armful29．without30．fail31．cause32．Though/Although33．change【導語】本文介紹了充足睡眠的重要性。26．句意：睡眠不足是世界上一個普遍的問題。enough形容詞，修飾名詞，根據(jù)“Doyougetenoughsleep?”可知此處介紹睡眠不足的問題，sleep表示“睡眠”。故填sleep。27．句意：如果不睡覺，我們不能生存。根據(jù)“ifwedon’tsleepatall”可知不睡覺，大家都不能生存，noneof表示“沒有”，強調三者或三者以上都不，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填None。28．句意：任何不足都可能對我們的健康有害。根據(jù)“Sleepexpertssaythatanadultrequires7to9hoursofsleepanightandateenagerneeds8.5to9.5hours.”可知此處介紹睡眠不足對健康有害，此空為形容詞作表語，harmful表示“有害的”。故填(h)armful。29．句意：但是沒有充足的睡眠，他們仍然做這些事。根據(jù)“Mostpeopleprobablywouldn’ttakeanexamorgotoworkiftheygetdrunk.”可知飲酒不能做的事，但是沒有充足的睡眠仍然會去做。介詞without表示“沒有”。故填without。30．句意：結果他們考試失敗或者在工作中表現(xiàn)不好。此空為謂語動詞，根據(jù)“intheexamsorperformbadlyatwork.”可知此處指考試失敗，fail表示“失敗”，主語是復數(shù)，謂語動詞用原形。故填fail。31．句意：當他們困了的時候，他們可能會傷害病人，甚至意外導致病人的死亡。or連接并列的動詞原形，根據(jù)“apatient’sdeathbyaccident.”可知此處指意外導致人死亡，cause表示“引起”。故填cause。32．句意：盡管睡眠如此重要，現(xiàn)在很多人也沒有充足睡眠。根據(jù)“sleepissoimportant,manypeoplethesedaysarenotgettingenough.”可知此句是讓步狀語從句，用though或although引導，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填Though/Although。33．句意：也許是時候醒過來，改變我們的思維方式了。and連接并列的動詞原形，根據(jù)“Weshouldrealizethatnotsleepingenoughisaseriousproblem.”可知此處指改變“我們”的思維方式，change表示“改變”。故填change。（2024·重慶·中考真題）根據(jù)下面短文內容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格處填上一個最恰當?shù)脑~，使短文完整、通順。Intheworldthatwearecreatingveryquickly,we’regoingtoseemoreandmorethingsthatlooklikesciencefiction,andfewerandfewerthingsthatlooklikejobs.Forexample,ourcarsareveryquicklygoingtostartdriving34.Thatmeanswe’regoingtoneedfewerdrivers.Atthesametime,theremightbesomenewkindsof35inthefuture.Let’shavealookatsomeofthem.Robotswillbecomemorecommoninourhomesandschools,sowe’llneedpeoplewhoknow36tofixthem.Theseworkerswillbelikerobotdoctors,findingoutwhat’swrongwitharobotandhelpingitgetbetter.Imaginegoingonvacationtospace!Inthefuture,morepeoplemightbeinterestedinspacetravel,sowemightneedg37whocanshowtouristsaroundthestarsandplanets.AsAI(人工智能)isdevelopingfast,we’llneedpeopletocheckthatitworksproperly.WecallthesepeopleAIrulekeepers.Theywillmake38thatAIwon’tdoanythingharmfultohumans.Schoolmightlookdifferentinthefuture,withlessonsdesignedjustforyou.Thenwe’llneedp39learningplanners.Theseplannerswouldcreatespeciallearningplans40eachstudent,sothateveryonecouldgetwhattheyneedtosucceed.Thesearejustafewexamplesofthejobswemighthaveinthefuture.Thebestwaytogetreadyforthesefuturejobsistobeopen