新教材2021-2022學(xué)年英語(yǔ)北師大版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)練習(xí)：Unit 6 Starting out 與 Understanding ideas

十六Unit6Startingout&Understandingideas

語(yǔ)用訓(xùn)練

I.單句語(yǔ)法填空

1.Thenewlawrestricts]restrict)thesaleofguns.

2.Itissogreedy(greed)ofyoutoleavenoneofthecakeforeveryone

else.

3.Adapting(adapt)toschoollifequicklyisimportantforfreshmen,which

willinfluencetheirperformances.

4.We'vetriedtomakethedesignofracingbicyclesmore

appealingfappeal)toyoungpeople.

5.Nowweseldomcarrycash,sothethieves(thief)arehavingahard

time.

6.Asastudent,doyouthinkthatitisworthwhiletospendagreat

amountoftimeoncomputergames?

7.Someanimalscanadapttotheurbanandsuburban(suburb)

environmentquitewell.

8.Itisestimated(estimate)thatupto100,000peoplewatchortakepart

infoxhunting.

9.Itdidn/ttakethechildrenalongtimetofigure(figure)outthecorrect

answer.

10.Whenhisfriendwasintrouble,helenthimahandwithout

hesitation(hesitate).

n.選詞填空

throwaway,adaptto,crashinto,beresponsiblefor,outofreachof,

takeover,underconstruction,forsure,fitinwith,getatastefor

1.Cooking,traditionallyundertakenbymothers,hasbeenoften

takenoverbyfathersnowadays.

2.Thebuildingunderconstructionisapubliclibrary.

3.Eventothisdaywedon'tknowwhathappenedforsure.

4.I/vegotboxesofoldclothes,whichIreallyshouldthrowaway.

5.Learningtorelievestressisanecessarymeanstoadapttomodern

society.

6.Atruckwentoutofcontrol,andcrashedintothebackofthebus.

7.Mostpeoplewhocomefromothercountriesseemtofitinwiththe

wayoflifehere.

8.Thecyclist,ratherthanthebusdriver,shouldberesponsibleforthe

accident.

9.IfyougotoNewOrleans,youwillgetatasteforjazz.

10.TheseproductsarenormallyboughtandstoredcarefuIlyoutofreach

ofchildren.

第I.完成句子

1.Onlybyworkinghardcanweliveahappvlife.

只有通過(guò)努力工作，我們才能過(guò)上幸福的生活。

2.Atlastthethiefhadnochoicebuttoadmitstealingthecomputer

fromtheoffice.

最后那個(gè)小偷沒(méi)有別的選擇，只能承認(rèn)從辦公室偷了電腦。

3.Withalltheworkfinished,theyhurriedbackhomeforlunch,(with

復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))

所有的工作完成后，他們急忙回家吃午飯。

4.It'simportantthatweshouldhaveapositiveattitudetolife.

重要的是我們對(duì)生活要有積極的態(tài)度。

5.Thegovernmentiscommittedtoprotectingtheinterestsoftenants.

政府致力于保護(hù)房客的利益。

n.結(jié)合課文主題并使用本單元詞匯與句型，根據(jù)提示寫(xiě)一篇so詞

左右的短文

1.如果沒(méi)有野生動(dòng)植物與我們作伴，地球上的人類也延續(xù)不下去。

(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))

2.野生動(dòng)植物提供了(offer)很多益處(benefit)。正是野生動(dòng)植物幫我

們制造氧氣、食物、提供各種資源。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)

3.目前野生動(dòng)植物還沒(méi)有(haveyetto)得到很好的保護(hù)。

4.只有靠自己的聰明才智，我們才能保護(hù)好野生動(dòng)植物。(倒裝句)

5.讓野生動(dòng)植物和人類和平相處很重要。(Itisimportantthat...)

Wildanimalsandplantsarecloselyrelatedtoourlife.Without

wildanimalsandplants,wehumanbeingsonearthwillnotbeable

tocontinuetosurvive.Asweallknow,wildlifeoffersmanybenefits.

Itiswildlifethathelpsusproduceoxygen,foodandallkindsof

resources.Atpresent,wildlifehasyettobewellprotected.Only

byourintelligencecanweprotectwildlife.It'simportantthatwildlife

andhumanbeingsshouldliveinharmonywitheachother.

------------主題閱讀-----------

I.閱讀理解

A

（2021?遂寧高二檢測(cè)）

NewZealandisoneofthebestcountriesintheworldtoexperience

howlifemighthavebeeninprehistorictimes.NewZealandisanatural

lover/sparadise（樂(lè)園）withitsconservationreserves.

KaharoaConservation

TheKaharoaConservationishometoanumberofendangeredbirds

andtheNorthIslandKokakoisjustoneofthem.TheKokakoispossibly

NewZealand'smostbeautifulsongbirdwithsuchavarietyofwhistles,

clicks,buzzesandwhirrsinitssoundrange.Onebirdsoundslikea

chorus!

MokaihahaEcologicalArea

RichinMaorihistory,theMokaihahaEcologicalAreahashigh

conservationandscientificvalue.Birdlifefeaturesthisnatural

wonderlandwiththesymphonyincludingsuchstarsastheTui,Kereru,

Fantail,BellbirdandtheendangeredKokako.

WhakarewarewaForestConservationPark

Ifmountainbikingisyourthing,thenthisistheplaceforyou!

TheWhakarewarewaForestprovidesanetworkoftracksthrough

exceptionallyimpressivescenerythathasmadeRotoruafamousforits

mountainbiking.

MaungatautariEcologicalIsland

Aprojectofgreatecologicalimportanceisbeingundertakenbya

communityaimedattherestorationofMaungatautarivolcanoforest.

Thevolcanoforesthassustainedthelivesofitswildlifeforhundreds

ofyearsbutsincetheintroductionofEuropeanpestssuchasdeer,

rabbits,goats,pigsandrats,thenativevarietiesofmammals,

birdsandplantshavebeenfacingthreats.

Theaimofthecourageousprojectistogetridofallintroduced

pestsfromthe3363hectaresofforest.Luckily,lifeintheforestof

Maungatautariisbeginningtoawakenagain.

【文章大意】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。對(duì)新西蘭的自然保護(hù)區(qū)進(jìn)行了介紹。

1.WhatisspecialaboutthebirdKokako?

A.Itcanmakedifferentsounds.

B.Itisacommonspecies.

C.ItonlylivesintheKaharoaConservation.

D.Itisthemostbeautifulbirdsintheworld.

選細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知可能是新西蘭最美麗的

AoKokako

鳴禽，在它的音域里有各種各樣的口哨、咔噠聲、嗡嗡聲和旋轉(zhuǎn)聲，-

只鳥(niǎo)聽(tīng)起來(lái)就像合唱隊(duì)！由此可推知，Kokak?？梢园l(fā)出不同的聲音。

故選A。

2.Whichissuitableformountainbikinglovers?

A.KaharoaConservation.

B.MokaihahaEcologicalArea.

C.WhakarewarewaForestConservationPark.

D.MaungatautariEcologicalIsland.

選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知，如果你喜歡山地騎行，那

么這里就是適合你的地方！可推知，"WhakarewarewaForest

是最適合山地騎行愛(ài)好者的地方。故選

ConservationPark"Co

3.WhatcanwelearnaboutMaungatautariEcologicalIsland?

A.Thereisalivevolcanoontheisland.

B.Introducedspeciesthreatennativeones.

C.Therestorationprojectisofnoeffect.

D.ItisrichinMaorihistory.

選細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段可知自從鹿、兔子、山羊、豬和老鼠

Bo

等歐洲動(dòng)物的傳入，本地的各種哺乳動(dòng)物、鳥(niǎo)類和植物一直面臨著威

脅?？赏浦?，外來(lái)物種威脅著該島的本地物種。故選

Bo

B

Blackrhinos（犀牛）haveterribleeyesight.Evenso,theseAfrican

giantseasilyfendoffhungrypredatorssuchaslionsandhyenas.Their

basicbodyplanhasprovedtobegoodenoughtosurviveonAfrican

grasslandsfulloflargepredators,beingverylarge,thick-skinned,

bigsword-likehorns.

Butthoseprotectivetraits（特征）arenomatchforhumanswith

guns.Todaythespeciesiscriticallyendangeredlargelyduetopoaching.

Buttherhinosmayhaveanunlikelyallyagainstpoachers:the

red-billedoxpecker.Thechatty,sociablebirdsoftenhangoutonthe

backsofrhinos,feastingonparasiticticks（寄生蟲(chóng)）.Andactually,

researchhasshownthatthetickisthefavoritedietofanoxpecker.

Thebirdsalsogetnutrientsbypickingatsoresontherhinos/bodies.

VictoriaUniversityofMelbournebehavioralecologistRoanPlotz

suspectedthattherhinosputupwiththisindignitybecausethe

oxpeckersmakeloudalarmcallswhenevertheyseehumansapproach,

givingtherhinosanearlywarningtoflee.

Totestwhethertheoxpeckersdo,infact,actasnoisylookouts,

Plotzandhisteamimplanted（植入）radiotransmitterintherhinos/horns.

Thisdidn/thurttherhinosandallowedtheresearcherstotrackthe

animals.

“Andapproachthemundetected,whentheoxpeckerswereon

thebackandwhentheoxpeckerswerenotontheirbacks,togetan

ideaofifthebirdsdoalarmthemandiftherhinosdolisten.

Theresearchersfoundthatrhinoswithoutoxpeckersdetectedan

approachinghumanonly23percentofthetime,atanaverage

distanceof27meters.Butwhenoxpeckerswerepresent,thebirds

alarmedtherhinos100percentofthetime.Andtheydetectedthe

human61metersawayonaverage.Andthemoreoxpeckersonthe

scene,thegreaterthedetectiondistance.

“Itmakessensebecausethemoreeyesyouhaveonyourback,

lookingoutforyou,themorechancethattheycanpickupanything

coming.Therecanbenodoubtthattherhinoislisteningonthe

oxpeckeralarmcall."

【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明：黑犀牛與紅嘴牛棕鳥(niǎo)之間

是雙贏的關(guān)系。犀?？蔀榕Ｗ伉B(niǎo)提供食物，而牛棕鳥(niǎo)可為犀牛提供危

險(xiǎn)警報(bào)。

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinthefirstparagraphmean?

A.Defendagainst.B.Feed.

C.Hidefrom.D.Attract.

選A。短語(yǔ)猜測(cè)題。由文章第一段可知黑犀牛的視力很差。它們的基

本身體結(jié)構(gòu)已被證明是足夠好的，可以在到處都是大型食肉動(dòng)物的

非洲草原上生存?？赏浦?，黑犀?？梢缘钟?defendagainst)獅子等大

型食肉動(dòng)物。故猜測(cè)fendoff為抵御(defendagainst)之意。故選A項(xiàng)。

5.Whydothebirdshangonthebackofrhinos?

A.Toprotectrhinosfrompoachers.

B.Toseekprotectionfromrhinos.

C.Tofindfoodovertherhino/sbody.

D.Toletrhinoscarrythemaround.

選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段倒數(shù)第二句可知這種健談、善于交際的

鳥(niǎo)經(jīng)常懸掛在犀牛的背上，以寄生蟲(chóng)為食。及第三段中第一句可知,

這些鳥(niǎo)也通過(guò)啃食犀牛身上的傷口來(lái)獲取營(yíng)養(yǎng)?？赏浦?，牛棕鳥(niǎo)在犀

牛背上的原因是：可以獲得食物(findfood)。故選C項(xiàng)。

6.Whatdotheresearchersfind?

A.Rhinoshavepooreyesight.

B.Thebirdsalarmandrhinoslisten.

C.Therearemanyticksonrhinos.

D.Thebirdshavesharpeyes.

選細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段最后一句毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，犀牛正在聽(tīng)牛棕

Bo

鳥(niǎo)的警報(bào)聲?？赏浦?，研究結(jié)果為牛棕鳥(niǎo)確實(shí)可以發(fā)出警報(bào)聲，而犀

牛也聽(tīng)到了,B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)稱，黑犀牛視力差。這句話雖然正確，但

是不是這次的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)也是同樣的錯(cuò)誤。故選

B項(xiàng)。

7.Whatcanbestdescribetherelationshipbetweenthebirdsand

rhinos?

A.Theyprotecteachotherfromdangers.

B.Theyarefoodsourceforeachother.

C.Theydependoneachotherforsurvival.

D.Theyhavewin-winpartnership.

選D。推理判斷題。由第二段中倒數(shù)第二句可知這種健談、善于交際

的鳥(niǎo)經(jīng)常懸掛在犀牛的背上，以寄生蟲(chóng)為食。及第三段第一句可知這

些鳥(niǎo)也通過(guò)啃食犀牛身上的傷口來(lái)獲取營(yíng)養(yǎng)?？赏浦?，紅嘴牛棕鳥(niǎo)可

以在犀牛身上獲取食物，而由最后一段最后一句"毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，犀牛正

在聽(tīng)牛棕鳥(niǎo)的警報(bào)聲?！芍?，紅嘴牛棕鳥(niǎo)也可以給犀牛發(fā)出警報(bào)。

因此兩者之間是雙贏的(win-win)關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。

口.閱讀填句

Thedropingarmentpricesoverthelast20yearshasallowedusto

buymoreandmoreclothes.Wenowhave5timesmoreclothesthanour

grandparentshad.

1Ithasbecomeachallengetowearagarmentmorethanfive

times.Garmentqualityisdecliningeveryyear.Asaresult,ourclothes

immediatelylookfadedorshapelessnotlongbeforepurchasingthem.

2Wecontinuetopurchasejusttostayuptodate.Fastfashionhas

becomeamonsterinourclosets.

What'smore,chemicalsusedineverypartofthetextile

productionaregreatlyharmful.Evenclothesmadeof100%naturalfiber

stillcontainalotofchemicals.

3Thefashionindustryisalsothesecondlargestpolluterinthe

worldjustaftertheoilindustry.Inmostcountrieswheregarmentsare

produced,wastewatersfromtextilesfactoriesaredumpeddirectly

intotherivers.Someofthemevenreachtheseaandeventuallyspreads

aroundtheglobe.

Clothinghasclearlybecomedisposable.4Afamilyinthe

westernworldthrowsawayanaverageof30kgofclothingeachyear.

Only15%isrecycledordonated,andtherestgoesdirectlytothe

landfillorisburned.Itisalsofuelingourenvironmentalconcern.

Howcanweavoidtheenvironmentalimpactfromthefashion

industry?5Arootoftheproblemliesinourexcessive

consumerism.Buybetterquality.Theyoftenlastlongandgoodforthe

environment.Donateyoursecond-handgarmentstocharityinsteadof

throwingthemindustbins.Whateveryouroptionis,youaredoing

yourpartinsavingourplanet.

A.Theycanpresentarealdangertoourhealth.

B.Asaresult,wegeneratemoreandmoretextilewaste.

C.Trendsarechangingsoquicklythatwecannotkeepup.

D.Wedon/thavemanygreeneroptionsinthefashionindustry.

E.Thinktwicebeforethrowingawayyoursecond-handgarments.

F.Toachievethegoalweshouldfirstreflectonourlifestyleandbuyless.

G.This,inturn,hasseriousconsequencesonourconsuminghabits,

ourhealthandourplanet.

【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了現(xiàn)在人們?yōu)榱俗非髸r(shí)

尚，不斷地購(gòu)買(mǎi)衣物。衣物在某種意義上已經(jīng)成為了一次性產(chǎn)品。這

不僅對(duì)我們的健康有害，同時(shí)對(duì)環(huán)境也造成了影響。作者呼吁人們購(gòu)

買(mǎi)質(zhì)量好的衣物，捐贈(zèng)舊衣服等，為環(huán)保做出自己的努力。

1.選Go由上文可知我們現(xiàn)在擁有的衣服比我們的祖父母曾經(jīng)擁有的

五倍還多。與G項(xiàng)（這反過(guò)來(lái)也會(huì)給我們的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣、健康和地球帶

來(lái)嚴(yán)重后果。）承接自然，選項(xiàng)中的this就指代上文的所提到的"We

nowhave5timesmoreclothesthanourgrandparentshad.",即現(xiàn)在人

們有過(guò)多衣服的情況。故選G。

2.選C。下文的"Wecontinuetopurchasejusttostayuptodate."（我們

繼續(xù)購(gòu)買(mǎi)，只是為了能夠跟上潮流。）與C項(xiàng)Trendsarechangingso

quicklythatwecannotkeepup.（潮流改變的如此快，以至于我們根本

跟不上。）承接自然，因?yàn)槌绷鞲淖兒芸欤灾荒芡ㄟ^(guò)不停購(gòu)買(mǎi)來(lái)跟

上。選項(xiàng)中的trends呼應(yīng)下文的uptodateo故選Co

3.選A。由上文可知此外，用于紡織生產(chǎn)各個(gè)部分的化學(xué)物質(zhì)都非常

有害。甚至100%純天然纖維制成的衣服仍然有大量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。與

A項(xiàng)Theycanpresentarealdangertoourhealth.（他們給我們的健康帶

來(lái)了真正的危險(xiǎn)。）承接自然，紡織生產(chǎn)的各個(gè)部分都添加了有害的化

學(xué)物質(zhì)，他們給我們的健康帶來(lái)危險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)中的they就指代上文的

chemicalSo故選A。

4.選Bo上文“Clothinghasclearlybecomedisposable."（彳艮明顯，衣服

已經(jīng)變成一次性的了。）與B項(xiàng)Asaresult,wegeneratemoreand

moretextilewaste.（因此我們產(chǎn)生了越來(lái)越多的紡織垃圾。）承接自

然，上下文構(gòu)成明顯的因果關(guān)系。因?yàn)橐路蔀橐淮涡缘?，所以?huì)產(chǎn)

生越來(lái)越多的紡織垃圾。故選B。

5.選Fo由上文可知我們?nèi)绾伪苊鈺r(shí)尚產(chǎn)業(yè)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響與F項(xiàng)To

achievethegoalweshouldfirstreflectonourlifestyleandbuyless.（為

了實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)，我們首先應(yīng)該反思我們的生活方式，少購(gòu)買(mǎi)衣服。）

承接自然，上文提出問(wèn)題，下文回答問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)中的“thegoal"呼應(yīng)上

w

文的"avoidtheenvironmentalimpactfromthefashionindustryo故選

Fo

m.完形填空

（2021.浦東高二檢測(cè)）

Processedfoodslikechips,sodaandfrozenpizzasarefullofsalt,

sugarandfat.Nowscientistsaretryingtounderstandifthereis

somethingelseaboutsuchfoodsthatmaybebadforhumans.Scientists

havealreadylinkedlow-cost,1foodstorisingobesityratesaround

theworld.Threerecentstudiesoffermore2onhowourincreasingly

industrializedfoodsupplymaybeaffectingourhealth.

Whatdoesprocessedfood3?

Theresearcherscreatedasystemthatplacesfoodsintofourgroups.

Thesystemsayshighlyprocessedfoodsaremade4ofindustrialized

materialsandadditives.Sodas,packagedcookies,instantnoodles

andchickennuggetsaresomeexamplesofhighlyprocessedfoods.But

alsoincludedareproductsthatcan5healthy,suchasmorning

cereals,energybarsandsomekindsofyogurt.

What'swrongwithprocessedfoods?

ResearchersattheNationalInstitutesofHealthconducteda

four-weekstudyinvolving20people.Theyfoundthatpeopleeatabout

500morecaloriesadaywhen6mostlyprocessedfoods.Thatis

comparedwithwhenthe7peopleweregivenlessprocessedfoods.

Theresearcherspermittedthe20participantstoeatasmuchoraslittle

astheywanted.Theyweretakentoamedicalcentersotheirhealthand

behaviorcouldbe8.

Inanotherstudy,researchersinFrancefoundpeoplewhoate

moreprocessedfoodsweremorelikelytohaveheartdisease.Asimilar

studyinSpainlinkedeatingmoreprocessedfoodstoahigherriskof

death9.

Whatisitaboutprocessedfoods?

Whengivenlessprocessedfoods,peopleinthestudy10more

ofahormonethatcontrolshunger,andlessofahormonethatcauses

hunger.Thereasonforthe11isnotclear.Thescientistsalsofound

thatpeopleateprocessedfoodsmorequickly.

KevinHallisoneoftheresearcherswholedthestudy.Hetoldthe

APthatprocessedfoodsare12softerandeasiertochewand

swallow.Hallnotedthesourceofnutrientsmight13.Forexample,

fiberfromwholefruitsandvegetablesmaybebetterformakingpeople

feelfullthanfiberaddedtopackagedfoodssuchasenergybarsand

yogurt.

Whatshouldyoueat?

Avoidingprocessedfoodscanbehard,14forpeoplewith

limitedtimeandmoney.Processedfoodscanalsotakemanyforms.

15__,companiescontinuallyre-engineerproductstomakethemseem

healthier.Theneweststudiesmayprovidemorereasonstoavoid

processedfoods.But,theyalsocallattentiontothedifficultyofcoming

upwithwaystodothat.

【文章大意】本文是說(shuō)明文?？茖W(xué)家已經(jīng)確定，廉價(jià)的包裝食品與全

球不斷上升的肥胖率有關(guān)。文章介紹了什么是加工食品，加工食品有

什么問(wèn)題，加工食品與什么有關(guān)以及人們應(yīng)該吃什么。

1.A.organicB.delicious

C.packagedD.cheap

選句意：科學(xué)家已經(jīng)確定，廉價(jià)的包裝食品與全球不斷上升的肥

Co

胖率有關(guān)。organic有機(jī)的；delicious美味的；packaged包裝好的;

cheap便宜的。根據(jù)下文的"risingobesityrates"可知，這種食物與肥胖

有關(guān)，不可能是"有機(jī)的〃和"美味的"，空格前l(fā)ow-cost與cheap意思相

近,項(xiàng)"包裝好的"符合題意，說(shuō)明不是新鮮食物。故選

CCo

2.A.examplesB.clues

C.hintsD.signals

選句意：最近的三項(xiàng)研究為日益增加的工業(yè)化食品供應(yīng)可能對(duì)人

Bo

類健康產(chǎn)生何種影響提供了更多線索。examples例子，榜樣clues

線索;hints暗示;signals信號(hào)。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容的講述可知，研究提供了

更多工業(yè)化食品影響人類健康的線索。故選B。

3.A.provideB.suggest

C.meanD.infer

選句意：什么是加工食品？提供；建議；意、

Coprovidesuggestmean

味著；infer推斷。黑體是下文的主題句，根據(jù)下文的"Sodas,

packagedcookies,instantnoodlesandchickennuggetsaresome

examplesofhighlyprocessedfoods."可知，講述的是加工食品意味著

什么，即加工食品是什么？故選

Co

4.A.speciallyB.mostly

C.naturallyD.technically

選句意：這一系統(tǒng)指出，高度加工食品主要由工業(yè)材料和添加劑

Bo

組成。specially特別地；mostly大部分地；naturally自然地;

technically技術(shù)上。根據(jù)空格前后文并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，高度加工食品

主要由工業(yè)材料和添加劑組成。故選

Bo

5.A.remainB.tasteC.becomeD.seem

選句意：但是也包括諸如早餐麥片、能量棒以及某些類型的酸奶

Do

等看起來(lái)健康的產(chǎn)品。remain仍舊;taste品嘗;become成為;seem似

乎。根據(jù)"suchasmorningcereals,energybarsandsomekindsof

yogurt."可知，此處說(shuō)的是高度加工的不健康的食品，因此推斷是似

乎健康的食品。故選D。

6.A.providedB.forced

C.deprivedD.fed

選句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，飲食以加工食品為主的參與者每天會(huì)多攝入

Do

約500卡路里。provided提供；forced迫使；deprived剝奪；fed提供/

吃食物。根據(jù)上文的“peopleeatabout500morecaloriesaday”和下文

"processedfoods"可推斷，此處指的是吃加工食品的人每天多攝入

500卡熱量。故選D。

7.A.sameB.normal

C.differentD.alternative

選句意：這是對(duì)同一個(gè)參與者食用較少加工食品的情況進(jìn)行比較

Ao

后得出的結(jié)論。same同樣的；normal正常的；different不同的;

alternative替代的。研究理應(yīng)是對(duì)同一個(gè)人進(jìn)行對(duì)比。故選A。

8.A.explainedB.observed

C.curedD.remedied

選句意：參與者被帶到醫(yī)療中心，對(duì)他們的健康和行為進(jìn)行觀察。

Bo

explained解釋；observed觀察;cured治愈remedied改正；糾正。根

據(jù)上文“Theyweretakentoamedicalcenter”可知，被帶去醫(yī)療中心,

是對(duì)他們的健康和行為進(jìn)行觀察。故選B。

9.A.ingeneralB.inparticular

C.innatureD.inadvance

選句意：西班牙進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)類似研究指出，一般情況下，食用更多

Ao

加工食品會(huì)導(dǎo)致死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加。ingeneral通常;inparticular特別；in

nature實(shí)際上；inadvance提前。此處是一項(xiàng)與上文研究相似的研究,

結(jié)合上文可知食用更多加工食品的人更可能患上心臟疾病?？赏茢嘌?/p>

究指出的是一般情況下，食用更多加工食品會(huì)導(dǎo)致死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加。故

選

Ao

10.A.preferredB.produced

C.comparedD.processed

選句意：食用少量加工食品時(shí)，研究參與者會(huì)分泌更多控制饑餓

Bo

的激素，而引發(fā)饑餓的激素則會(huì)減少分泌。preferred更喜歡produced

生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)生;compared比較；processed加工。根據(jù)下文提到的“more

ofahormone”可知，研究參與者分泌更多控制饑餓的激素,

產(chǎn)生"符合語(yǔ)境。故選

produce"Bo

11.A.hungerB.procedure

C.reactionD.physiology

選C。句意：這一反應(yīng)的原因還不得而知。hunger饑餓;procedure程

序;reaction反應(yīng);physiology生理技能。上文提到“食用少量加工食品

時(shí)，研究參與者會(huì)分泌更多控制饑餓的激素，而引發(fā)饑餓的激素則會(huì)

減少分泌〃是參與者的反應(yīng)。故選C。

12.A.supposedlyB.hardly

C.usuallyD.constantly

選句意：他對(duì)美聯(lián)社說(shuō)，加工食品通常更軟、更容易咀嚼和吞咽。

Co

supposedly據(jù)說(shuō)；hardly幾乎不；usually通常；constantly不斷地。根

據(jù)下文“softerandeasiertochewandswallow.”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，加工

食品通常更軟、更容易咀嚼和吞咽。故選C。

13.A.strikeabalanceB.runarisk

C.poseathreatD.makeadifference

選句意：霍爾指出，營(yíng)養(yǎng)來(lái)源可能有所不同。公

Dostrikeabalance

平處理；runarisk冒險(xiǎn)poseathreat構(gòu)成威脅;makeadifference有

影響；產(chǎn)生不同。根據(jù)下文可知，比如，與能量棒和酸奶等包裝食品

中添加的纖維相比，來(lái)自完整水果和蔬菜的纖維可能更容易使人們

有飽腹感?？赏茢?，此處說(shuō)的是營(yíng)養(yǎng)來(lái)源不同，故選

Do

14.A.especiallyB.generally

C.specificallyD.reasonably

選句意：不食用加工食品可能很難做到，對(duì)時(shí)間和金錢(qián)有限的人

Ao

來(lái)說(shuō)尤其如此。especially特別地;generally普遍地;specifically明確地;

reasonably合理地。根據(jù)下文可知，時(shí)間和金錢(qián)有限的人更難避免食

用加工食品。故選A。

15.A.BycontrastB.Insummary

C.AboveallD.Inaddition

選句意：另外，企業(yè)可以繼續(xù)重新調(diào)整產(chǎn)品，讓產(chǎn)品看起來(lái)更健

Do

康。Bycontrast相比之下；Insummary總的來(lái)說(shuō)；Aboveall首要的是;

Inaddition除此之外。由上下文可知加工食品可以有多種形式。企業(yè)

可以繼續(xù)重新調(diào)整產(chǎn)品，讓產(chǎn)品看起來(lái)更健康。是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，解釋了

企業(yè)應(yīng)該怎么做。故選D。

教師

專用【補(bǔ)償訓(xùn)練】閱讀理解

（2021?石家莊高二檢測(cè)）

Imaginepossessingsomethingthatyoulovedsomuch.Imagine

whatitwouldfeellikeifyoulostit.Whilethatitemmaybesomethingas

simpleasatoy,youwouldstillfeelveryupset,butyoucouldreplace

itwithanewone.Nowimaginelosingsomethingthatyoudependonfor

survivalandcannotbereplaced.Thatiswhatitwouldbelikeifwelose

thenaturalenvironmentaroundus.

Firstly,Ibelievetheenvironmentshouldbeprotectedbecauseit

supportshumanlife.Oneofthelargestexamplesisthatwegetallofour

foodanddrinksfromtheenvironment.Iftheenvironmentweretobe

destroyedbeyondrevival,thenthehumanracewouldbeoverin

months.Scientistshavetofindanotherplanetwithsimilarconditionsto

theEarth,andifit'sfound,wedon'thavethetechnologytogetto

thatplanetintime.

Secondly,Ibelievethattheenvironmentservesasanamazing

educationaltoolforstudents.WhenIwasinsecondgrade,Ihadan

absoluteinterestinanimals.WhenwehadafieldtriptotheDaggerwing

NatureCenter,Iwasveryexcited.Whenwegotthere,Icou