閱讀理解02（人與自我）-梳理五年（2020-2024年）高考《英語(yǔ)》真題分類詳解與考法歸納（解析版）

第第頁(yè)閱讀理解02（人與自我）-梳理五年（2020-2024年）高考《英語(yǔ)》真題分類詳解與考法歸納（解析版）考題解讀考題解讀 閱讀理解話題日常生活類是高考英語(yǔ)?？家彩潜乜碱}，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在高考題閱讀理解A篇、B、和C篇和D篇中，本篇文章將具體梳理近五年新高考以“人與自我”為主題的文章。解題技巧解題技巧 ●快速瀏覽文章，閱讀文章的標(biāo)題、每段的首句和尾句，以快速抓住文章的主旨和段落大意?！耜P(guān)注關(guān)鍵詞，注意文章中的關(guān)鍵詞和短語(yǔ)，如“自我提升”、“心理健康”、“個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)”、“自我認(rèn)知”等。●理解文章主旨，把握文章的核心思想和作者的觀點(diǎn)，歸納出文章的主旨?！窦?xì)讀問(wèn)題和選項(xiàng)，注意問(wèn)題中的限定詞和細(xì)節(jié)，理解每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義。●定位信息，在文章中找到與問(wèn)題相關(guān)的信息，回到文章中定位相關(guān)段落和句子，仔細(xì)閱讀并理解這些部分。●排除干擾選項(xiàng)，排除明顯錯(cuò)誤或與文章內(nèi)容不符的選項(xiàng)，集中比較剩余選項(xiàng)的細(xì)微差別，選擇最符合文章意思的選項(xiàng)?！窭斫庾髡邞B(tài)度，注意文章中的形容詞、副詞和語(yǔ)氣詞，理解作者對(duì)自我提升、自我反思等主題的態(tài)度?！褡⒁庖蚬P(guān)系，理解文章中的邏輯關(guān)系，關(guān)注文章中的因果關(guān)系詞，如“because”、“therefore”、“asaresult”等，理解事件的前因后果?！窨偨Y(jié)歸納，提高對(duì)文章整體內(nèi)容的掌握。真題再現(xiàn)真題再現(xiàn) Passage1（2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷B篇）【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了AbbyJaramillo等老師在低收入學(xué)校發(fā)起的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)能力，環(huán)保意識(shí)以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花園項(xiàng)目，讓學(xué)生種植蔬菜，對(duì)學(xué)生影響深遠(yuǎn)。Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.“Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks,”shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.UrbanSprouts’classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-onexperimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.“Wehavestudentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey’reeatingdifferently,”Jaramillosays.Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”24.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?A．Sheusedtobeahealthworker. B．Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.C．Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant. D．SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.25.WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?A．Thekids’parentsdistrustedher. B．Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.C．Somekidsdislikedgardenwork. D．Therewasnospaceforschoolgardens.26.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A．Far-reaching. B．Predictable.C．Short-lived. D．Unidentifiable.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．RescuingSchoolGardens B．ExperiencingCountryLifeC．GrowingVegetableLovers D．ChangingLocalLandscape【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.C【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.(起初是這樣的,艾比哈拉米洛說(shuō),她和另一位老師在四所低收入學(xué)校啟動(dòng)了“UrbanSprouts”學(xué)?；▓@項(xiàng)目。)"可知,艾比哈拉米洛是UrbanSprouts的發(fā)起者。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“shesays."Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful."Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.(她說(shuō)。“他們來(lái)找我們,認(rèn)為蔬菜很可怕,泥土很可怕,昆蟲(chóng)也很可怕?！彪m然有些人一開(kāi)始害怕昆蟲(chóng),對(duì)泥土感到厭煩,但大多數(shù)人都渴望嘗試新的東西。)”可知,項(xiàng)目之初,一些學(xué)生不喜歡園藝工作。故選C。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sheaddsthattheprogram'sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo'sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues."Theygetoutside,"shesays,"andtheyfeelsuccessful."(她補(bǔ)充說(shuō),該計(jì)劃的好處不僅僅是營(yíng)養(yǎng)。有些學(xué)生對(duì)園藝非常感興趣,他們帶回家種子開(kāi)始自己的菜園。此外,在花園里工作似呼對(duì)Jaramillo的特殊教育學(xué)生有鎮(zhèn)靜作用,他們中的許多人都有情緒控制問(wèn)題?！八麄冏吡顺鋈?”她說(shuō),“他們覺(jué)得成功?！薄笨芍?這個(gè)項(xiàng)目不僅給學(xué)生提供了有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物,而且許多學(xué)生回家開(kāi)創(chuàng)了自己的菜園,對(duì)有情緒控制問(wèn)題的學(xué)生也起到了鎮(zhèn)靜作用,從而推知,該項(xiàng)目的影響是深遠(yuǎn)的。故選A?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.(起初是這樣的,艾比哈拉米洛說(shuō),她和另一位老師在四所低收入學(xué)校啟動(dòng)了"UrbanSprouts”學(xué)?；▓@項(xiàng)目。該項(xiàng)目旨在幫助學(xué)生培養(yǎng)科學(xué)技能、環(huán)保意識(shí)和健康的生活方式。)"和最后一段的“Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.(一些學(xué)生對(duì)園藝非常感興趣,于是他們把種子帶回家,開(kāi)始種自己的菜園)"以及下文內(nèi)容可知,文章主要講述了AbbyJaramillo等老師在低收入學(xué)校發(fā)起的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)能力,環(huán)保意識(shí)以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花園項(xiàng)目,讓學(xué)生種植蔬菜,對(duì)學(xué)生影響深遠(yuǎn)。因此推斷C項(xiàng)*蔬菜種植愛(ài)好者”符合文意,最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選C。Passage2（2022·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ卷B篇）【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者曾經(jīng)是一名記者，在春節(jié)期間，作者給孫子拿了一本兒童讀物，孫子卻以為是平板電腦，不停地戳?xí)?。Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.ThishithomeformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtachildren’sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures—aperfectmatchforhisage.Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmylapasIholdthebookinfrontsohecanseethepictures.AsIread,hereachesoutandpokes(戳)thepagewithhisfinger.What’supwiththat?Hejustlikesthepictures,Ithought.ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.Hepokedthepageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:Istheresomethingwrongwiththiskid?ThenIrealizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.Sorry,kid.Thisbookisnotpartofyourhigh-techworld.It’sanoutdated,lifelessthing.Anantique,likeyourgrandfather.Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.Butthatdidn’tstopChinaDailyfromaskingmelastweektoshareapersonalstoryforavideoprojectabouttheintegrationofBeijing,TianjinandHebeiprovince.Anyway,grandpaisnowaninternetstar—twominutesoffame!Ipromisenottoletitgotomyhead.ButIwillmakesuremy2-year-oldgrandsonseesitonhistablet.4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?A．Providedshelterforme. B．Becameverycleartome.C．Tookthepressureoffme. D．Workedquitewellonme.5.Whydidthekidpokethestorybook?A．Hetookitforatabletcomputer. B．Hedislikedthecolorfulpictures.C．Hewasangrywithhisgrandpa. D．Hewantedtoreaditbyhimself.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhimself?A．Sociallyambitious. B．Physicallyattractive.C．Financiallyindependent. D．Digitallycompetent.7.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorasajournalist?A．Helacksexperienceinhisjob. B．Heseldomappearsontelevision.C．Hemanagesavideodepartment. D．Heofteninterviewsinternetstars.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon'tevenrealizeit'snew.Forthem,it'sjustnormal."以及畫(huà)線詞后文“asIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday."可知,作者是記者,生活在一個(gè)講做事的新時(shí)代,有許多新的多媒體工具。許多年輕人甚至沒(méi)有意識(shí)到它是新的。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō),這很正常。而這在春節(jié)假期,作者和兩歲的孫子坐在沙發(fā)上,尤其清楚認(rèn)識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)。故畫(huà)線詞意思是“我很清楚”。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.(事實(shí)上,他對(duì)書(shū)本并不熟悉。他的父親經(jīng)常用一臺(tái)裝有彩色圖片的平板電腦逗他開(kāi)心,當(dāng)你戳它們的時(shí)候,這些圖片就會(huì)變得栩栩如生。他認(rèn)為我的故做事書(shū)就是那樣的”可知,那孩子戳故事書(shū)是因?yàn)樗阉?dāng)成了平板電腦。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Well,Imaybeold,butI'mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I'veevenbuiltwebsites.(我可能老了,但從數(shù)字角度來(lái)說(shuō),我還沒(méi)有毫無(wú)希望的挑戰(zhàn)。我編輯視頻,制作音頻。我用移動(dòng)支付。我甚至建立了網(wǎng)站)”可知,作者認(rèn)為自己懂?dāng)?shù)碼技術(shù)。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中*“There'sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I'vespentlitletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.(然而,在我的新媒體體驗(yàn)中有一個(gè)明顯的差距:我很少在鏡頭前呆著,因?yàn)槲业哪樖菫殡娕_(tái)而生的”可知,作者作為記者他很少上電視。故選B。Passage3（2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷B篇）【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了為鋼琴演奏者做翻頁(yè)工作的RobertTitterton和他的工作情況。Byday,RobertTittertonisalawyer.InhissparetimethoughhegoesonstagebesidepianistMariaRaspopova—notasamusicianbutasherpageturner.“I’mnotatrainedmusician,butI’velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance.”MrTittertonischairmanoftheOmegaEnsemblebuthasbeenthegroup’sofficialpageturnerforthepastfouryears.Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn’thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.Hesaidhebecamejustasnervousasthoseplayinginstrumentsonstage.“Alotofskillsareneededforthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon’tturntwopagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotherightspot.”MrTittertonexplained.Beingapageturnerrequiresplentyofpractice.Somepiecesofmusiccangofor40minutesandrequireupto50pageturns,includingbackturnsforrepeatpassages.Silentonstagecommunicationiskey,andeachpianisthastheirownstyleof“nodding”toindicateapageturnwhichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpageturner.Butlikeallperformances,therearemomentswhenthingsgowrong.“Iwasturningthepagetogetreadyforthenextpage,butthedraftwindfromtheturncausedthesparepagestofalloffthestand,”MrTittertonsaid,“LuckilyIwasabletocatchthemandputthemback.”Mostpageturnersarepianostudentsorup-and-comingconcertpianists,althoughMsRaspopovahasonceaskedherhusbandtohelpheroutonstage.“Myhusbandistheworstpageturner,”shelaughed.“He’sinterestedinthemusic,feelingeverynote,andIhavetosay:‘Turn,turn!’RobertisthebestpageturnerI’vehadinmyentirelife.”24.WhatshouldTittertonbeabletodotobeapageturner?A．Readmusic. B．Playthepiano.C．Singsongs. D．Fixtheinstruments.25.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTitterton’sjobonstage?A．Boring. B．Well-paid.C．Demanding. D．Dangerous.26.WhatdoesTittertonneedtopractise?A．Countingthepages. B．Recognizingthe“nodding”.C．Catchingfallingobjects. D．Performinginhisownstyle.27.WhyisMsRaspopova’shusband“theworstpageturner”?A．Hehasverypooreyesight. B．Heignorestheaudience.C．Hehasnointerestinmusic. D．Heforgetstodohisjob.【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.D【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“T'mnotatrainedmusician,butI'velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance.(我不是受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的音樂(lè)家,但我學(xué)會(huì)了識(shí)譜,這樣我就可以在Maria的表演中幫助她"”可知,因?yàn)門itterton識(shí)譜,所以可以在Maria的鋼琴表演中為她翻頁(yè)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Alotofskillsareneededforthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon'tturntwopagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotherightspot.(這項(xiàng)工作需要很多技能。你必須確保你不會(huì)一次翻兩頁(yè)并且必要的時(shí)候確保你回到前面找到音樂(lè)重復(fù)的部分”可知,為鋼琴家翻頁(yè)這項(xiàng)工作很需要技巧,所以Titterton的工作要求是很高的。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Silentonstagecommunicationiskey,andeachpianisthastheirownstyleof"nodding"toindicateapagetunwhichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpageturner.(無(wú)聲的舞臺(tái)交流是關(guān)鍵,每個(gè)鋼琴家都有自己的“點(diǎn)頭”風(fēng)格來(lái)表示翻頁(yè),他們需要和翻頁(yè)者進(jìn)行練習(xí)可知,Titterton需要練習(xí)識(shí)別鋼琴演奏者的“點(diǎn)頭”示意來(lái)翻頁(yè)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“He'sinterestedinthemusic,feelingeverynote,andIhavetosay:'Turn,turn!(他對(duì)音樂(lè)很感興趣,感受著每一個(gè)音符,所以我不得不說(shuō):“翻頁(yè),翻頁(yè)!可知,MsRaspopova的丈夫因?yàn)閷?duì)音樂(lè)感興趣,所以幫她翻頁(yè)的時(shí)候總是沉浸在音樂(lè)中而忘掉自己的工作,她不得不去提醒。故選D項(xiàng)。Passage4（2021·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ卷B篇）【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者為了保證兩只老虎幼崽的存活,決定在家里全天候照顧它們。介紹了老虎在作者家生活的情況以及作者照顧老虎的感受。IhaveworkedasakeeperattheNationalZoo,Parisfor11years.SpotandStripearethefirsttigercubsthathaveeverbeenbornhere.Globally,athirdofSumatrancubsinzoosdon'tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogivethemround-the-clockcareathome.I'vegottwochildren—theyoungerone,Kynan,wasextremelyhappyaboutthetigersarriving-butallofusreallylookedforwardtobeingpartoftheirlivesandwatchingthemgrow.Iwasn'tworriedaboutbringingthemintomyhomewithmywifeandkids.Thesewerecubs.Theyweighedabout2.5kgandweresosmallthattherewasabsolutelynorisk.Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,butwhenwewereasleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroom,otherwisethey'dgetuptomischief.We'dcomedowninthemorningtofindthey'dturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeazoo.Thingsquicklygotveryintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.ThereweresometoughtimesandIjustfeltextremelytired.Iwasgratefulthatmyfamilywastheretohelp.Wehadtohaveabitofaproductionlinegoing,makingup“tigermilk”,washingbabybottles,andcleaningthefloors.WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,theywerelearninghowtoopendoorsandjumpfences,andweknewitreallywastimeforthemtogo.Itwashardforustofinallypartwiththem.Forthefirstfewdays,Kynanwasalwaysabitdisappointedthatthecubsweren'tthere.I'mnotsadaboutit.I'mhands-onwiththemeverydayatthezoo,andIdolookbackveryfondlyonthetimethatwehadthem.4.Whydidtheauthorbringthetigercubshome?A．Toensuretheirsurvival. B．Toobservetheirdifferences.C．Toteachthemlifeskills. D．Toletthemplaywithhiskids.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getuptomischief”meaninparagraph3?A．Behavebadly. B．Losetheirway. C．Sleepsoundly. D．Misstheirmom.6.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofraisingthetigercubsathome?A．Boring. B．Tiring. C．Costly. D．Risky.7.WhydidtheauthordecidetosendSpotandStripebacktothezoo?A．Theyfrightenedthechildren. B．Theybecamedifficulttocontain.C．Theyannoyedtheneighbours. D．Theystartedfightingeachother.【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.B【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Globally,athirdofSumatrancubsinz0osdon'tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogivethemround-the-clockcareathome.(在全球范圍內(nèi),動(dòng)物園里三分之一的蘇門答臘老虎幼崽活不到成年,所以我決定在家里全天候照顧它們)”可知,作者把老虎幼崽帶回家是為了確保他們的存活。故選A。【5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞上文“Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,butwhenwewereasleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroom,otherwisethey'd”(隨著它們的活動(dòng)越來(lái)越多,我們白天讓它們?cè)诜孔永镒杂苫顒?dòng),但當(dāng)我們睡覺(jué)時(shí),我們必須把它們關(guān)在一個(gè)大房間里,否則它們會(huì))以及后文“We'dcomedowninthemorningtofindtheydturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeaz0o."(我們?cè)缟舷聵菚r(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們把房間弄得亂七八糟,讓它看起來(lái)像個(gè)動(dòng)物園。)可知,作者不得不把老虎們關(guān)在一個(gè)大房間里,否則它們就會(huì)調(diào)皮搗蛋,表現(xiàn)不好。早上下樓時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們把房間弄得亂七八糟,看起來(lái)像個(gè)動(dòng)物園。故畫(huà)線詞意思是“表現(xiàn)不好”。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Thingsquicklygotveryintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.ThereweresometoughtimesandIjustfeltextremelytired.(由于需要大量的精力來(lái)照顧它們,事情很快變得非常緊張。有一段艱難的日子,我只是覺(jué)得非常累)"可推知,作者在家里飼養(yǎng)小老虎需要大量精力照顧它,這讓作者感覺(jué)非常疲憊,因此作者認(rèn)為在家里養(yǎng)小老虎是累人的。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,theywerelearninghowtoopendoorsandjumpfences,andweknewitreallywastimeforthemtogo.(當(dāng)Spo和Stripe四個(gè)月大的時(shí)候,他們正在學(xué)習(xí)如何開(kāi)門和跳柵欄,我們知道是時(shí)候讓他們離開(kāi)了)"可知,作者決定把Spot和Stripe送回動(dòng)物園是因?yàn)樗麄冏兊秒y以控制。故選B。Passage5（2021·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ卷C篇）【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了英國(guó)一名女子在被評(píng)為世界最佳教師后獲得了100萬(wàn)英鎊的獎(jiǎng)金,她將用這筆獎(jiǎng)金發(fā)起一個(gè)項(xiàng)目,讓藝術(shù)家進(jìn)入學(xué)校。ABritishwomanwhowonaS1millionprizeaftershewasnamedtheWorld'sBestTeacherwillusethecashtobringinspirationalfiguresintoUKschools.AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution(變革).“Wearegoingtomakeachange,”shesaid.“I’vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools.”Theprojectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshaveingettingartistsofanysort-whetheranup-and-cominglocalmusicianoramajormoviestar-intoschoolstoworkwithandinspirechildren.ZafirakoubegantheprojectatAlpertonCommunitySchool,herplaceofworkforthepasttwelveyears.“I'veseenthosemagicmomentswhenchildrenaretalkingtosomeonetheyareinspiredby-theireyesareshiningandtheirfaceslightup,”shesaid.“Weneedartists.morethaneverinourschools."ArtistMichaelCraig-Martinsaid:“Andria'sbrilliantprojecttobringartistsfromallfieldsintodirectcontactwithchildrenisparticularlywelcomeatatimewhentheartsarebeingdowngradedinschools."Itwasamistaketoseetheartsasunnecessary,headded.HistorianSirSimonSchamaisalsoasupporteroftheproject.Hesaidthatartseducationinschoolswasnotjustanadd-on.“Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.Whatwillremainofuswhenartificialintelligencetakesoverwillbeourcreativity,anditisourcreativespirit,ourvisionarysenseoffreshness,thathasbeenourstrengthforcenturies."8.WhatwillZafirakoudowithherprizemoney?A．Makeamovie. B．Buildnewschools.C．Runaproject. D．Helplocalmusicians.9.WhatdoesCraig-MartinthinkoftheteachingoftheartsinUKschools?A．Itisparticularlydifficult. B．Itincreasesartists'income.C．Itopenschildren'smind. D．Itdeservesgreaterattention.10.WhatshouldbestressedinschooleducationaccordingtoSchama?A．Moralprinciples. B．Interpersonalskills.C．Creativeabilities. D．Positiveworldviews.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．BringArtiststoSchools B．WhenHistoriansMeetArtistsC．ArtsEducationinBritain D．TheWorld'sBestArtsTeacher【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.B【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution.“Wearegoingtomakeachange,"shesaid."I'vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools."(倫敦北部中學(xué)教師安德里亞·扎菲拉庫(kù)(AndriaZafirakou)表示,她想掀起一場(chǎng)課堂革命。“我們將做出改變,”她說(shuō)。“我已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目,以促進(jìn)我們學(xué)校的藝術(shù)教學(xué)。")”可知,Zafirakou打算用自己的獎(jiǎng)金運(yùn)行一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段Craig-Martin說(shuō)的話“Andria'sbrilliantprojecttobringartistsfromallfieldsintodirectcontactwithchildrenisparticularlywelcomeatatimewhentheartsarebeingdowngradedinschools."Itwasamistaketoseetheartsasunnecessary,headded.(Andria的把各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的藝術(shù)學(xué)家請(qǐng)到學(xué)校教學(xué)這個(gè)聰明的項(xiàng)目很受學(xué)生歡迎,在學(xué)校忽視藝術(shù)教育的時(shí)期。把藝術(shù)看出不必要是錯(cuò)誤的。)”可知,Craig-Martin認(rèn)為,英國(guó)學(xué)校的藝術(shù)教學(xué)不應(yīng)該被忽視,而應(yīng)該被重視。故選D。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.(這是絕對(duì)必要的。未來(lái)取決于創(chuàng)造力,而創(chuàng)造力取決于年輕人。)可知,Schamai認(rèn)為學(xué)校教育應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)創(chuàng)造力。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution.“"Wearegoingtomakeachange,"shesaid."I'vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools."(倫敦北部中學(xué)教師安德里亞·扎菲拉庫(kù)(AndriaZafirakou)表示,她想掀起一場(chǎng)課堂革命?！拔覀儗⒆龀龈淖?"她說(shuō)?！拔乙呀?jīng)啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目,以促進(jìn)我們學(xué)校的藝術(shù)教學(xué)。")”可知,文章講述了AndriaZafirakou用自己的獎(jiǎng)金啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目,將藝術(shù)家?guī)нM(jìn)學(xué)校,促進(jìn)藝術(shù)教學(xué)。故選A。Passage6（2020·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)I卷B篇）【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。短文介紹了重新閱讀的意義和益處并向讀者介紹了作者每年重讀的三本書(shū)。作者鼓勵(lì)讀者去重新閱讀書(shū)籍。Returningtoabookyou’vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.There’sawelcomefamiliarity-butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon’tchange,peopledo.Andthat’swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.It’strue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwithreading,it’sallaboutthepresent.It’saboutthenowandwhatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagiveandtakebetweenauthorandreader.Eachhastopulltheirownweight.TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspringisEmestHemningway’sAMoveableFeast.Publishedin1964,it’shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating(令人陶醉的)，anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard’sHolytheFirm,herpoetic1975ramble(隨筆)abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioCortazar’sSaveTwilight:SelectedPoems,becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortazar.WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifs,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor’sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it’syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.1.Whydoestheauthorlikerereading?A．Itevaluatesthewriter-readerrelationship.B．It’sawindowtoawholenewworld.C．It’sasubstitutefordrinkingwithafriend.D．Itextendstheunderstandingofoneself.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookAMoveableFeast?A．It’sabriefaccountofatrip.B．It’saboutHemingway’slifeasayoungman.C．It’sarecordofahistoricevent.D．It’saboutHemingway’sfriendsinParis.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂currency＂inparagraph4referto?A．DebtB．Reward.C．Allowance.D．Facevalue.4.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A．Helovespoetry.B．He’saneditor.C．He’sveryambitious.D．Heteachesreading.【答案】1.D2.B3.B4.A【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Butbooksdon'tchange,peopledo.Andthat'swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.(但是書(shū)沒(méi)變,人變了。那就是使重新閱讀行為如此豐富和富于變化之處和第二段“Thebeautyofrereadingliesinthatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentregister.Itistrue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.(重新閱讀的美妙之處在于我們與作品的聯(lián)系是基于我們現(xiàn)在的心理狀態(tài)。真的,我年紀(jì)越大,就越覺(jué)得時(shí)光飛逝。)”可推知,作者喜歡重新閱讀是因?yàn)橹匦麻喿x可以擴(kuò)展對(duì)自己的理解。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Publishedin1964,it'shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis."及“anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime"可知,這本書(shū)出版于1964年,這是他關(guān)于20世紀(jì)20年代在巴黎的經(jīng)典回憶錄,是他老年時(shí)對(duì)那些野心勃勃卻更簡(jiǎn)單的日子的回顧。由此可判斷出AMovableFeast是關(guān)于海明威年輕時(shí)的生活。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary.(雖然金錢確實(shí)是美妙而必要的)”可知,前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,根據(jù)下文的語(yǔ)境可推知,"rereadinganauthor'sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.”意為“但是但重新閱讀作品是讀者能支付給他們的最高回報(bào)”,由此判斷出劃線詞的意思是“回報(bào)”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThethirdbookisJulioCortazar'sSaveTwilight:selectedpoems,becausepoetry.(第三本書(shū)是胡里奧·科塔扎的《拯救暮光之城:詩(shī)歌精選》,因?yàn)樵?shī)歌)”可知,作者是由于喜歡詩(shī)歌而喜歡這本書(shū)。故選A項(xiàng)。Passage7（2020·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ卷D篇）【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者是一個(gè)熱情的讀者，孩提時(shí)熱衷讀書(shū)，第一份工作在圖書(shū)館。有了孩子以后，一家人去圖書(shū)館讀書(shū)，閱讀的習(xí)慣代代傳承下去。作為小說(shuō)家，作者呼吁其他作家支持圖書(shū)館，宣傳圖書(shū)館。Ihaveaspecialplaceinmyheartforlibraries.IhaveforaslongasIcanremember.Iwasalwaysanenthusiasticreader,sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.Storieswerelikeairtomeandwhileotherkidsplayedballorwenttoparties,IlivedoutadventuresthroughthebooksIcheckedoutfromthelibrary.MyfirstjobwasworkingattheUkiahLibrarywhenIwas16yearsold.ItwasadreamjobandIdideverythingfromshelvingbookstoreadingtothechildrenforstorytime.AsIgrewolderandbecameamother,thelibrarytookonanewplaceandanaddedmeaninginmylife.Ihadseveralchildrenandbookswereourmainsource(來(lái)源)ofentertainment.Itwasabigdealforustoloadupandgotothelocallibrary,wheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem.Ialwaysread,usingdifferentvoices,asthoughIwereactingoutthestorieswithmyvoiceandtheylovedit!Itwasaspecialtimetobondwithmychildrenanditfilledthemwiththewondermentofbooks.Now,Iseemychildr