初升高英語入門之定語從句淺析

定語從句（II）課程大綱柒、關(guān)系副詞七、關(guān)系副詞ThedaywhenIstoplearningisthedaywhenIdie.活到老學(xué)到老七、關(guān)系副詞1.ThedaywhenIstoplearningisthedaywhenIdie.2.ThisisthetownwhereIgrewup.3.InterestisthereasonwhyIlikestudying.時(shí)間名詞地點(diǎn)名詞原因名詞時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語原因狀語七、關(guān)系副詞wherewespentourvacationtherelastsummer.Guangzhouisabeautifulcitythere地點(diǎn)狀語Guangzhouisabeautifulcitywhichthatin+whichwhere=地點(diǎn)介詞+whichwespentourvacationlastsummer.wherewespentourvacationinthatcitylastsummer.wespentourvacationlastsummer.inwhich七、關(guān)系副詞2.抽象地點(diǎn)名詞作先行詞在使用where當(dāng)關(guān)系副詞的定語從句中，常見的先行詞有city,place,house等具體的地點(diǎn)名詞。而一些抽象地點(diǎn)名詞如_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________等作先行詞時(shí)，也要考慮使用關(guān)系副詞where。※具體的分析和用法將在下期視頻“定語從句(III)的特殊先行詞”部分進(jìn)行講解總結(jié)。case(情況)、situation、example、life(人生)、family(家庭)、dream(夢(mèng))、people(人群)、stage(階段)、heaven(天堂)、relationship(友誼)where七、關(guān)系副詞whenI'llneverforgetthedayImetmyEnglishteacherthen.whenImetmyEnglishteacher.then時(shí)間狀語

I'llneverforgetthedayImetmyEnglishteacheronthatday.ImetmyEnglishteacher.onwhichwhichthatonwhichwhen=時(shí)間介詞+which七、關(guān)系副詞whenthat不填七、關(guān)系副詞why1.why與forwhich用關(guān)系副詞why合并下列兩句話：a.Highteachingqualityisthemajorreason.b.Istudyatthisschoolforthatreason.___________________________________________________________________________________________HighteachingqualityisthemajorreasonIstudyatthisschoolforthatreason.whyIstudyatthisschool.這句話如果用關(guān)系代詞which替代名詞thereason，可以改寫成：因此我們可以得到：why=

forwhichHighteachingqualityisthemajorreasonIstudyatthisschoolforthatreason.注意：在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，只能用介詞

Istudyatthisschool.for+whichfor捌、介詞+關(guān)系代詞八、介詞+關(guān)系代詞1.關(guān)系副詞(when/where/why)=__________/__________/_____+whichTherewasatimewhen/duringwhichIwasthetopstudentinmyclass.Thelibrarywhere/inwhichstudentsoftenstudywasonfireyesterday.I'dlikeyoutoexplainthereasonwhy/forwhichyoudon'tlikeme.時(shí)間介詞地點(diǎn)介詞for八、介詞+關(guān)系代詞2.數(shù)量詞/形容詞的比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)+________+

表示數(shù)量關(guān)系(2)形容詞的比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)+of+which/whom[]Therearetwobuildings,_______standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.(湖北高考2004)A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhichof(1)數(shù)量詞+of+which/whom表示數(shù)量關(guān)系：a.數(shù)詞：one,two,twothirds,75%e.g.Ihavefiveforeignfriends,_________________camefromtheUS.(其中三個(gè))b.表示數(shù)量含義的不定代詞：all,each,both,either,neither,none,little/alittle,few/afew,many,much,some,most,any,half,several,anumber,themajority(多數(shù))/minority(少數(shù))等。e.g.Herearethequestions,____________________________Ithoughtareeasyforyou.(其中一些/大多數(shù)/全部)threeofwhom【靈魂拷問】Ihavefiveforeignfriendsand_________________camefromtheUS.(其中三個(gè))前提：在定語從句中！threeofthemsome/most/allofwhichwhich/whomD(which指物，whom指人）步驟：判斷定從→判斷句型→判斷物/人八、介詞+關(guān)系代詞注意：只有當(dāng)定語從句修飾的是事物時(shí)，我們才可以使用"the+n.+of+which"去替換"whose+n."；如果先行詞是人，只能使用"whose+n."的結(jié)構(gòu)，而不能改寫成"the+n.+of+whom"，就如“我的房間”只有“myroom”的表達(dá)而沒有“theroomofmine”。3.“the+名詞+of+__________”表示所屬關(guān)系=“_____________”whichwhose+n.Ilivedinahousewhoseroofwasleaking.這句話也可以改寫成：Ilivedinahouse_____________________wasleaking.theroofofwhich或者：Ilivedinahouse_____________________wasleaking.ofwhichtheroof敲黑板：the不能省略八、介詞+關(guān)系代詞4.含介詞詞組中的介詞+which/whom（其本質(zhì)是介詞前置：which……+prep.=prep.+which……）Intheschool,therewasn'tasingleperson______Iwasfamiliarwith.→Intheschool,therewasn'tasingleperson______________Iwasfamiliar.【小試牛刀】Iboughtmanyflowers___________Ispentallmymoney.→Iboughtmanyflowers________Ispentallmymoneyon.whowithwhomonwhichwhich5.關(guān)系限定詞的固定介詞短語【上講回顧：在定從中，which替代限定詞；whose替代限定詞變成"whose+n."的形式】Shemaybelate,________________(case)weshouldwaitforher.(在這種情況下)IfailedinmyEnglishtest,_________________(point)IrealizedthatIshouldmemorizemorewords.(在這個(gè)時(shí)刻)IfailedinmyEnglishtest,___________________(reason)Isignedup(報(bào)名參加)forextra-class.(因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因)I'mverygrateful(感激)tomyhighschoolteachers,_______________________(help)Iwouldn'tbesoexcellent.(沒有他的幫助)inwhichcaseatwhichpointforwhichreasonwithoutwhosehelp八、介詞+關(guān)系代詞1.依據(jù)定語從句中動(dòng)詞、形容詞、名詞所需要的某種習(xí)慣搭配來確定。Heistheman____whomIthinkyoucandepend.Therearesomebooks______whichIwasnotveryfamiliar.Howtolivelongerisaquestion___whichnooneknowstheanswer.onwithto2.依據(jù)先行詞的某種習(xí)慣搭配來確定。I'lIneverforgetthetime______________________Ispentmychildhoodinthecountry.Iadmiredthepatience______whichshespoke.Doyouknowtheage____whichMonroedied？3.根據(jù)所表達(dá)的意思來確定。Thecolorlessgas_________________wecannotliveiscalledoxygen.Thereisatreeoutside,________whichstandsourEnglishteacher.Thereisatreeoutside,____whichstandsabird.Thereisatreeoutside,____whichtherearemanyapples.Wewouldliketothankthesefoundersofourlibrary,_______________________thiswouldnothavebeenpossible.duringwhich/whenwithatwithoutwhichunderinonwithoutwhosehelp或withoutwhom玖、介詞+關(guān)系副詞九、介詞+關(guān)系副詞LiNingsetupaschoolforgymnastsin1991,sincewhen/sincewhichtimehehascontinuedtohelpyoungpeopletoachievetheirsportingambitions(抱負(fù)).我們不妨試著將這個(gè)定語從句還原成兩個(gè)簡單句：a.LiNingsetupaschoolforgymnastsin1991.b.________________________________hehascontinuedtohelpyoungpeopletoachievetheirsportingambitions.我們?cè)谥v解關(guān)系副詞when的時(shí)候提到，when可以指代替換時(shí)間副詞then，因此這句話改成定語從句時(shí)，應(yīng)該變成用when替換then，同時(shí)保留since，變成"...,sincewhen..."；而在講解關(guān)系限定詞which的時(shí)候我們提到，which可以替代限定詞that，因此這句話也可以寫成,".....,sincewhichtime...."，所以____________________________________Sincethen/Sincethattimesincewhen=sincewhichtimesincewhen九、介詞+關(guān)系副詞bywhen再試著翻譯一下下面這句話：他們?nèi)ツ甓ň游餮艌D，在那之前，她已經(jīng)獲得了經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)碩士學(xué)位。TheysettledinSeattlelastyear,_____shehadobtainedamaster'sdegreeineconomics.這句話如果拆分成兩個(gè)簡單句，我們可以寫成：a.Theysettledin