2024年全國教師資格之中學(xué)英語學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力考試快速提分題（附答案）

姓名:_________________編號(hào):_________________地區(qū):_________________省市:_________________ 密封線 姓名:_________________編號(hào):_________________地區(qū):_________________省市:_________________ 密封線 密封線 全國教師資格考試重點(diǎn)試題精編注意事項(xiàng):1.全卷采用機(jī)器閱卷，請(qǐng)考生注意書寫規(guī)范；考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。2.在作答前，考生請(qǐng)將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、班級(jí)、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)涂寫在試卷和答題卡規(guī)定位置。

3.部分必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題部分必須使用黑色簽字筆書寫，字體工整，筆跡清楚。

4.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)在答題卡上與題目對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)規(guī)范作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效:在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。一、選擇題

1、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage1。完成小題。Passage1Themythologyofaculturecanprovidesomevitalinsightsintothebeliefsandvaluesofthat?culture．Byusingfantasticandsometimesincrediblestoriestocreateanoraltraditionbywhichto?explainthewondersofthenaturalworldandteachlessonstoyoungergenerations,asocietyexposes?thoseideasandconceptsheldmostimportant．Justasimportantasthefinallessontobegathered?fromthestories,however,arethecharactersandtherolestheyplayinconveyingthatmessage．Perhapstheepitomeofmythologyanditsuseasatooltopassonculturalvaluescanbefound?inAesop′sFables,toldandretoldduringtheeraoftheGreekEmpire．Aesop,aslavewhowonthe?favorofthecourtthroughhisimaginativeanddescriptivetales,almostexclusivelyusedanimalsto?filltherolesinhisshortstories．Humans,whenatallpresent,almostalwaysplayedthepartof?bumblingfoolsstrugglingtolearnthelessonbeingpresented．Thischoiceofcharacterizationallows?ustoseethattheGreeksplacedwisdomonalevelslightlybeyondhumans,implyingthatdeep?wisdomandunderstandingisauniversalqualitysoughtby,ratherthanstealingfrom,humanbeings．Aesop′sfablesillustratedthecentralthemesofhumilityandself-reliance,reflectingthe?importanceofthosetraitsinearlyGreeksociety．Thefollyofhumanswasusedtocontrastagainst?theultimategoalofattainingahigherlevelofunderstandingandawarenessoftruthsaboutnature?andhumanity．Forexample,onenotablefablefeaturesafoxrepeatedlytryingtoreachabunchof?grapesonaveryhighvine．Afterfailingatseveralattempts,thefoxgivesup,makingupitsmind?thatthegrapeswereprobablysouranyway．Thefable′slesson,thatweoftenplaydownthatwhich?wecan′tachievesoastomakeourselvesfeelbetter,teachesthereaderorlistenerinanentertaining?wayaboutoneoftheweaknessesofthehumanpsyche．ThemythologyofotherculturesandsA.examinehowoneofAesop'sfablesshedslightoncertainfacetsofGreekbeliefB.dissectoneofAesop'sfablesinordertostudytheelementsthatmakeupGreekmythologyC.learnfromthelessonPresentedinoneofAesop'smostwell-knownfablesD.illustrateafabletypicalofAesop'sstyle,soastoexaminehowonegoesaboutstudyingthe?meaningbehindit

2、Whenateachersaystothewholeclass,"Standupandactoutthedialogue",he/sheisplayingtheroleofa(n)_________.A.monitorB.organizerC.assessorD.prompter

3、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2，完成第小題。Passage2NBAcentreJasonCollinsrecentlyannouncedhewasgayinacoverstoryforSportsIllustrated.Inotherwords,he"cameoutofthecloset."Thisexpressionforrevealingone'shomosexualitymayseemnatural.Beingintheclosetimplieshidingfromtheoutsideworld,andtheactofcomingoutofitimpliesthewilltostophiding.Butthoughtheclosethaslongbeenametaphorforprivacyorsecrecy,itsusewithreferencetohomosexualityisrelativelyrecent.AccordingtoGeorgeChauncey'scomprehensivehistoryofmoderngayculture,GayNewYork,theclosetmetaphorwasnotusedbygaypeopleuntilthe1960s.Beforethen,itdoesn'tappearanywhere"intherecordsofthegaymovementorinthenovels,diaries,orlettersofgaymenandlesbians.""Comingout,"however,haslongbeenusedinthegaycommunity,butitfirstmeantsomethingdifferentthanitdoesnow."Agayman'scomingoutoriginallyreferredtohisbeingformallypresentedtothelargestcollectivemanifestationofprewargaysociety,theenormousdragballsthatwerepatternedonthedebutanteandmasqueradeballsofthedominantcultureandwereregularlyheldinNewYork,Chicago,NewOrleans,Baltimore,andothercities."Thephrase"comingout"didnotrefertocomingoutofhiding,buttojoiningintoasocietyofpeers.Thephrasewasborrowedfromtheworldofdebutanteballs,whereyoungwomen"cameout"inbeingofficiallyintroducedtosociety.Thegaydebutanteballswereamatterofpublicrecordandoftencoveredinthenewspaper,so"comingout"withingaysocietyoftenmeantrevealingyoursexualorientationinthewidersocietyaswell,butthephrasedidn'tnecessarilycarrytheimplicationthatifyouhadn'tyetcomeout,youwerekeepingitasecret.Therewereothermetaphorsfortheactofhidingorrevealinghomosexuality.Gaypeoplecould"wearamask"or"takeoffthemask".Amancould"wearhishairupA.ToshowheishomosexualB.TohidehishomosexualityC.ItmeansthathewantstochangehissexualorientationD.Itmeansthathedoesn'twanttobehomosexual

4、Theonethatdoesnotbelongtotheapproachtoteachingreflectionis__________．A.teachingjournalB.audioorvideorecordingoflessonsC.actionresearchD.teachingplan

5、Passage1Alyricisasubjectivepoemofintensepersonalemotionwhoseprincipalqualityisitsmusicalform.Poe,masterofthelyric,wasledtoexplainallpoetryastherhythmicalcreationofbeautyinwords.Becausegreatpoetryisoftenpuremusic,hauntingmelody,andchimingsyllables,thereadershouldnotglancethroughpoetryashereadhisnewspaperorthelatestmagazine--skippingawordhereandalinethere,andstillhopetogetwhattheauthorhadintendedforhim.Poetrybeingmusic,likeallotherformsofmusic,itgainsitsmeaningwheninterpretedbythehumanvoice.Itisthespecialfunctionoflyricalpoetrytogivepleasurethroughthismusicalqualitynolessthanthroughfinecontemplationofbeautyitinspires--beautyofthought,offeeling,ofexpression,andoftechnicalskill.Butpoetryismorethanagreatpleasure.Itshouldalsobeanoutletforourownunspokenthoughtsandourvariedmoods.Itmakesarticulateourchoked-uppassagewaysofspeech,givingadequateexpressiontoourpent-uplovesandjoysandglories,andfurnishesreleaseandrelieftoourfears,grievesandsorrows.Agreatpoettakesourhalf-formedthoughts,orsuppressedmoods,ourcrusheddesires,andneeds,andleadsthemoutintotheopen,endowingthemwithaharmony,andcompleteness...Greatversecanhelptovitalizeourthinkingaboutthecommonplaceandelementalinlife,andcanidealizeandgivemeaningtothesimplestthingsincreation.ListentoTennyson:Flowerinthecranniedwall,Ipluckyououtofthecrannies,Iholdyouhere,rootandall,inmyhand,Littleflower--butifIcouldunderstand,Whatyouare,rootandall,andallinall,IshouldknowwhatGodandmanis.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"articulate"inPara.2probablymean?A.ClearB.SafeC.StraightD.Difficult

6、Beforedoingawritingtask,theteacherelicitsstudents′ideasbyaskingthemtolistasmanywordsorphrasesthatcomeintotheirmindaboutthetopicaspossible.Heretheteacherisplayingtheroleofa(an)__________.A.controllerB.participantC.organizerD.prompter

7、TheimplicationofLanguageInputTheorygivestoforeignlanguageteachingisthatlanguageteachingshouldfirstlypayattentionto_________.A.acertainamountoflanguageinputB.languagesignC.linguisticmeaningD.languageuse

8、Whenstudentsareaskedtofindoutthechangesoftheirhometownandmakeaplanforanexhibition,whichtypeofthefollowinggroupingmethodsismostlyrecommendedA.WholeclassworkB.GroupworkC.PairworkD.Individualwork

9、Thebestgroupingofteachingwhenthestudentsaregiventhetasktodesignaposterforaschooleventis__________.A.pair-workB.groupworkC.one-to-oneD.individual

10、Manystudentsstarteachtermwithanawardcheck,butbythetimebooksarebought,foodispaidfor,andabitofsociallife＿＿,itlooksratheremaciated.A.livesB.livedC.waslivedD.haslived

11、TheritualofEnglishteatimeisbelievedtohaveoriginatedinthelate1700'swhenAnna,DuchessofBedford,orderedthataplateofcakesbesentuptoherwithherafternooncupoftea.TheDuchesschronicallyexperienceda“sinkingfeeling”(whatwewouldterm“l(fā)owbloodsugar”)inthelateafternoon.Totideheroverthelonghoursbetweenmealssheturnedtocarbohydrates.OtherroyalsimmediatelycopiedtheDuchess,andafternoonteapartiesbecamequitefashionable.Lowtablesweresetupinfrontofsofasandchairs,andtheladiesfoundanewopportunitytoshowoffprettyclothes,finechina,embroideredlinentableclothsandnapkins,andsilvertableware.Teatimewasalsothetimetoexchangejuicygossipandserverefreshments.Soondarlinglittlesandwichesandsweetpastriesaswellassconeswerebeingarrangedondecorativestandsandplatesfortheladies'pleasure.TheteapartymaniaquicklyspreadacrosstheAtlanticwhereteawasalreadyenjoyedasabeverage.ThisfondnessforteawaslatersuppressedbythepatrioticAmericansduringtheeraimmediatelyprecedingtheAmericanRevolutionbecauseoftheunreasonableBritishtaxontea.However,byApril27,1776,CongressannouncedinthePhiladelphiaPacketthat“thedrinkingofteacannowbeindulged.”Thecustomofafternoonteapartieswasnotreallyrevivedinthiscountry,though,untilthemid-1800's,whenVictorianwayswereinvoguehere.Leisure-classAmericanladiesbeganhaving“kettledrums”at4p.m..“Kettledrums”wascalledthatinconnectionwiththeterm“teakettle”.PetitsfoursandotherdaintydelightswereservedamidVictorianopulence.AVictoriandiarist,MaudBerkeley(Maud:TheIllustratedDiaryofaVictorianWoman,ChronicleBooks,1987)gaveananecdoteconcerningteatime:"Mrs.Barneshadoutalovelytea-clothforhertea-party,workedalloverwithcyclamensandhoneysuckle.ShoggieBoucher,unusedtosuchdainty,contrivedtoslophisteaalloverit.ThankfulitwasnotI.Asitwas,mynewfeatherboa,whichIworeforthefirsttime,gotintomyteacup,causingmuchalarmandmerrimenttoallassembled.LilianBlack-Barneswas,asever,stronginadversityandwrungouttheoffendingobjectinthekitchensink.Fearitmayneverbethesameagain,nonetheless."Myfamily,mother,andIwereabletorelievesomeofthatsophisticatedelegance(minusthedrippyboa)whenwehadteaattheRitzinLondon.ThePalmCourt,anopenareaonthegroundfloorofthehotel,isastudyinturn-of-the-centurydecor.Giltstatuary,palms,andotherplants,andstylishly-setlittletablesbeckonwelcominglyunderhigh-up,rose-tintedskylights.Ourwaiterbroughtusaselectionoffingersandwichesofsmokedsalmon,ham,cucumber,Cheddarcheese,creamcheese,andchives,oreggsalad.Scones(similartoAmericanbiscuits)wereofferedwithbutter,andvariouspreservesandjellies.AlongwiththiswewereservedIndianorChinatea,andhotchocolateformyyoungdaughter.ThenthedapperwaiterpresentedavasttrayholdingmanyFrenchpastriesandcakesfromwhichwecouldchoose.Afterseveralteenysandwichesandacoupleofmarmalade-coatedscones,achocolateeclairseemedtoaddcarbohydrateoverloadtocarbo-loading,but“wheninEngland,doastheEnglishdo”.Thisteafeastwasservedbetween3:30and5:30p.m.Around10:00p.m.,wehadregainedjustenoughappetitetosamplesomefishandchips(Frenchfries),andthenweputourwearystomachsandourselvestobed.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewriter'sopinionconcerningwhatisservedattheBritishteatime?A.TheEnglishhavetakeninexcessivecarbohydrateB.TheEnglishprefertohavedifferenttypesofdrinksC.TheEnglisharenotparticularaboutthefoodvarietiesD.TheEnglishhaveapeculiarlikingforjunkfoo

12、TheLawtoKeeptheOilIndustryunderControlTheNorwegianGovernmentisdoingitsbesttokeeptheoilindustryundercontrol.Anewlawlimitsexplorationtoanareasouthofthesouthernendofthelongcoastline;productionlimitshavebeenlaiddown(thoughthesehavealreadybeenraised);andoilcompanieshavenotbeenallowedtoemploymorethanalimitednumberofforeignworkers.Buttheoilindustryhasawayofgettingoversuchproblems,andfewpeoplebelievethattheGovernmentwillbeabletoholdthingsbackforlong.AsonNorwegianpoliticiansaidlastweek:“Wewillsoonbechangedbeyondallrecognition.”Eversincethewar,theGovernmenthasbeencarryingoutaprogrammeofdevelopmentintheareanorthoftheArcticCircle.Duringthepastfewyearsthisprogrammehashadagreatdealofsuccess:Tromsohasbeenbuiltupintoalocalcapitalwithauniversity,alargehospitalandahealthyindustry.Buttheoilindustryhasalreadystartedtodrawpeoplesouth,andwithinafewyearsthewholenorthernpolicycouldbeinruins.Theeffectsoftheoilindustrywouldnotbelimitedtothenorth,however.Withnearly100percentemployment,everyonecanseeasituationdevelopinginwhichtheserviceindustriesandthetouristindustrywilllosemoreoftheirworkerstotheoilindustry.Somesmallerindustriesmightevendisappearaltogetherwhenitbecomescheapertobuygoodsfromabroad.TherealargumentoveroilisitsthreattotheNorwegianwayoflife.Farmersandfishermendonotmakeupmostofthepopulation,buttheyareanimportantpartofit,becauseNorwegiansseeinthemmanyofthequalitiesthattheyregardwithprideasessentiallyNorwegian.Anditisthefarmersandthefishermenwhoaremostcriticaloftheoilindustrybecauseofthedamagethatitmightcausetothecountrysideandtothesea.Inthesouth,oneeffecttothedevelopmentoftheoilindustrymiA.alargereductiononunemploymentB.agrowthinthetouristindustryC.areductioninthenumberofexistingindustriesD.thedevelopmentofanumberofserviceindustries

13、Whenateachermakesalessonplan,heshoulddoallofthefollowingEXCEPT_____________A.designtechniquesthathaveeasyanddifficultaspectsofitemsB.trytodesigntechniquesthatinvolveallstudentsC.takeintoconsiderationthedifferentdemandsandneedsofallstudentsD.cateronlytothetoprangestudentstomakesuretheprogressofteaching

14、SomeChineselearnersofEnglishtendtopronouncethisas[drs].Thisisanexampleof__________.A.intralingualerrorsB.interlingualerrorsC.cross-associationD.overgeneralization

15、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherelationbetween“piece”and“peace”?A.synonymyB.homonymyC.antonymyD.hyponymy

16、AccordingtoChomsky,__________referstotheactualrealizationofuser′sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.A.competenceB.performanceC.paroleD.langue

17、Whatistheteacherdoingbysayingthisintermsofinstruction?"Now,didthequestionshelpyouunderstandthetextbetter?"A.ObservingtheactivityB.EvaluatingtheactivityC.MonitoringtheactivityD.Controllingtheactivity

18、WhenAmerican-bornactorMichaelPenawasayearold,hisparentsweredeported.TheyhadillegallywalkedacrosstheU.S.borderfromMexicoandwhentheywerecaughtbyimmigrationauthorities,theysentPenaandhisbrothertostaywithrelativesintheU.S.“Itwasquiteabitofagambleformyparents,”saysPena,“buttheycamebackayearlater.”Pena?sfather,whohadbeenafarmerinMexico,gotajobatabuttonfactoryinChicagoand,eventually,agreencard.PenastayedinChicagountil,at19,hefledtoLosAngelestopursuehisactingdreams.ThisfamilyhistorymakesPena?slatestroleespeciallypersonal.InCesarChavez,PenaplaysthelaborleaderashestrugglestoorganizeimmigrantCaliforniafarmworkersinthe1960s.Topressuregrowerstoimproveworkingconditionsandwages,Chavezledanationalboycottoftablegrapesthatlastedfrom1965to1970andisrecordedinthefilm.Chavez,likePena,wastheAmerican-bornsonofMexicanfarmerswhoimmigratedtotheU.S.“Heunderstandsthisduality,thefeelingofbeingborninaplacebuthavingaverybigideaofwhereyourheritagecomesfrom,”saysthefilmdirector,DiegoLuna.“ThisthingofhavingtogotoschoolandlearninEnglishandthengohometospeakSpanishwithyourparents.”AsimmigrationpolicyishotlydebatedonCapitolHillthisyear,LunaandotherswhowereinvolvedwithCesarChavezarehopingthemoviewillsparknewsupportforreformandinspireAmericanLatinostogetinvolved.“ThemessageChavezleftwasthatchangecouldn?thappenwithoutthemassesbeingapartoftheirownchange,”saysFerrera,afirstgenerationHonduranAmericanwhoplaystheunionleader?swifeHelen.RosarioDawson,whoco-foundedtheadvocacygroupVotoLatino,playsChavezallyandlaborleaderDoloresHuerta.Immigrant-rightsissuesintheU.S.haveevolvedsubstantiallyintheyearssinceChavezfoundedtheUnitedFarmWorkers(UFW).UndocumentedworkerA.TheAmericanpubliccametorealizethepowerofchangeintheLatinocommunityB.Themodernimmigrant-rightsmovementleadersknewhowtoorganizetheiractivitiesstrategicallyC.TheU.S.governmentknewhowtolocateundocumentedfarmworkersandofferthemofficialregistrationD.TheMexicanfarmworkerscouldtravelacrossthecountryduringthegrapeboycotttosharetheirsufferings

19、Passage2TaylorSwift,theseven-timeGrammywinner,isknownforherarticulatelyrics,sotherewasnothingsurprisingaboutherwritingalongcolumnforTheWallStreetJournalaboutthefutureofthemusicindustry.Yetthere′sreasontodoubttheoptimismofwhatshehadtosay"Thismomentinmusicissoexcitingbecausethecreativeavenuesanartistcanexplorearelimitless,"Swiftwrote."Inthismomentinmusic,steppingoutofyourcomfortzoneisrewarded,andsonicevolutionisnotonlyaccepted...itiscelebrated.Theonlyrealriskisbeingtooafraidtotakeariskatall."That′shardtoreconcilewithNielsen′smid-yearU.S.musicreport,whichshoweda15percentyear-on-yeardropinalbumsalesanda13percentdeclineindigitaltracksales.Thiscouldbethe2013storyalloveragain,inwhichstreamingservicescannibalizetheirgrowthfromdigitaldownloads,whosenumbersdroppedforthefirsttimeeverlastyear,exceptthatevenincludingstreams,albumsalesaredown3.3percentsofarin2014.Streaminghasgrownevenmorethanitdidlastyear,42percentcomparedto32percent,buthasfailedtomakeupforagenerallossofinterestinmusic.Considerthis:in2014todate,Americanspurchased593.6milliondigitaltracksandheard70.3millionvideoandaudiostreamsforasumtotalof663.9million.Inthecomparableperiodof2013,thetotalcameto731.7million.Swift,oneofthefewartistsabletopulloffstadiumtours,believesit′sallaboutquality."Peoplearestillbuyingalbums,butnowthey′rebuyingjustafewofthem,"shewrote."Theyarebuyingonlytheonesthathitthemlikeanarrowthroughtheheart."In2000,albumsalespeakedat785million.Lastyear,theyweredownto415.3million.Swiftisright,butformanyoftheartistswhosealbumspierceheartslikearrows,it′stoolate.Salesofvinylalbumshaveincreased40.4percentsofarthisyear,accordingtoNielsen,andthetop-A.Sheisnodoubtover-optimisticaboutitB.SheistooyoungtomakeareliablejudgmentC.SheisprofessionalenoughtopredicateitwiselyD.Shedoesn'tfollowwhatothershavesaidaboutit

20、__________doesnotstudymeaninginisolation,butincontext.A.PragrnaticsB.SemanticsC.Cross-culturalcommunicationD.Syntax

21、Tofullyunderstandthewriter,wemustreadnotonlybetweenthelinesbutalso_______thelinestoknowwhatisimpliedinthearticle.A.amongB.inC.beyonD.for

22、Passage1Alyricisasubjectivepoemofintensepersonalemotionwhoseprincipalqualityisitsmusicalform.Poe,masterofthelyric,wasledtoexplainallpoetryastherhythmicalcreationofbeautyinwords.Becausegreatpoetryisoftenpuremusic,hauntingmelody,andchimingsyllables,thereadershouldnotglancethroughpoetryashereadhisnewspaperorthelatestmagazine--skippingawordhereandalinethere,andstillhopetogetwhattheauthorhadintendedforhim.Poetrybeingmusic,likeallotherformsofmusic,itgainsitsmeaningwheninterpretedbythehumanvoice.Itisthespecialfunctionoflyricalpoetrytogivepleasurethroughthismusicalqualitynolessthanthroughfinecontemplationofbeautyitinspires--beautyofthought,offeeling,ofexpression,andoftechnicalskill.Butpoetryismorethanagreatpleasure.Itshouldalsobeanoutletforourownunspokenthoughtsandourvariedmoods.Itmakesarticulateourchoked-uppassagewaysofspeech,givingadequateexpressiontoourpent-uplovesandjoysandglories,andfurnishesreleaseandrelieftoourfears,grievesandsorrows.Agreatpoettakesourhalf-formedthoughts,orsuppressedmoods,ourcrusheddesires,andneeds,andleadsthemoutintotheopen,endowingthemwithaharmony,andcompleteness...Greatversecanhelptovitalizeourthinkingaboutthecommonplaceandelementalinlife,andcanidealizeandgivemeaningtothesimplestthingsincreation.ListentoTennyson:Flowerinthecranniedwall,Ipluckyououtofthecrannies,Iholdyouhere,rootandall,inmyhand,Littleflower--butifIcouldunderstand,Whatyouare,rootandall,andallinall,IshouldknowwhatGodandmanis.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.MixedemotionsB.GreatpoetsC.LyricpoemsD.Musicalforms

23、Whichofthefollowingmaybettercheckstudents'abilityofusingagrammaticalstruc-ture?A.HavingthemworkouttheruleB.HavingthemgivesomeexamplesC.HavingthemexplainthemeaningD.Havingthemexplainthestructure

24、Whichoneofthefollowingmethodsisnotformativeevaluation?A.questionnairesurveyB.finalexaminationC.portfolioD.evaluationscale

25、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoiceweshouldpretertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren'tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthedream?Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationliveinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowsissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous--coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothefeelislatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother.Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsi~omthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.WhileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfiSendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarefromtheexcitingandimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities.There'slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,antiforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecitydwellerwholeavesforthecountry,isoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet.What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersti'omthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff;thecitybreedsafeelingofisolation,andconstantnoisebattersthesenses.ButA.LargecitiesaredirtyandnoisyB.Ajobisveryimportantfor"me"C.ManycitypeopleprefervillagetocityD.Villagesaretidyandpeaceful

26、Whichofthefollowingshowsthegeneralintonationpatterninacomplexsentence?A.WhenIstartedmy↗careertherewasno↗unemploymentB.WhenIstartedmy↗careertherewasno↘unemploymentC.WhenIstartedmy↘careertherewasno↗unemploymentD.WhenIstartedmy↘careertherewasno↘unemployment

27、Passage1Therearepeoplewhoareespeciallyattractedtothenotionof"climbingtheladder"soastoincreasetheirstatus,financialposition,andsenseofself-worth.Inpart,asaresultoftheworkethic,thesepeopleareinternally"driven"towork.Notinfrequently,foreignvisitorshaveobservedthatAmericansspendaninordinateamountoftimeworkingand,asaconsequence,Americanshavelittletimeforleisureorpersonalrelationships.InAmericanEnglishanewword"workaholic"hasbeencreatedtodescribeanindividualwhoisasaddictedtoworkasanalcoholicistoliquor.Thereareconflictingpointsofviewaboutworkaholics.Thoseconcernedwithproblemsofmentalstressbelieveworkaholicsabusethemselvesphysicallyandmentally.Othersholdthatworkaholicsarevaluablemembersofsocietybecausetheyareextremelyproductive.TheAmericansculturevaluesachievement,efficiency,andproduction--aworkaholicsupportsthesevalues.Despitethepresenceofworkaholics,thereisagrowingrealizationintheUnitedStatesthatexcessiveworkdemandscanbephysicallyandmentallyharmful.Manypeoplehavebeenrebellingagainsttheworkethic,claimingthatwhenajobissoimportant,personalrelationshipssufferandrelaxationbecomessecondary.Consequentlytherehasbeenashiftinvalues,withmoreemphasisbeinggiventopersonalrelationshipsandnon-workactivities.IncreasedleisuretimeintheUnitedStateshasnotchangedtheideathatworkandplayaredistinctactivities."Thereisabeliefthatitisdesirable"toworkhardandplayhard,andundesirabletocombinethetwo.Inmanyoffices,storesandfactoriessocializingamongemployeesisdiscouraged.Anemployeeunderpressureatworkoftencannotaffordtorespondtosocialcallsandvisits.However,theamountofpersonalcontactonthejobdependsonthenatureofthework.Peopleareambivalenttowardwork;itis,atthesametime.glorifiedanA.theformeristrue;thelatterisfalseB.theformerisafact;thelatterisanopinionC.theformerisaglorificationofwork;thelatterisnotD.theformerisanopinion;thelatterisafact

28、TheUniversityinTransformation,editedbyAustralianfuturistsSohailInayatullahandJenniferGidley,presentssome20highlyvariedoutlooksontomorrow’suniversit