山東省泰安市高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題（A卷）

高三二輪檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題2023.04注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并收回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AShrek’sAdventureShrek’sAdventure!isaoneofakindindoor“walkandride”touristattractioninLondoninspiredbythehitDreamWorksfilmsShrek,Shrek2,andShrektheThird.ItallowschildrentoefacetofacewithShrek,Fiona,Donkey,andmanyothers.Shrek’sAdventure!hastenfunnyshowsfeaturingclassicsets(likeShrek’sswamp)frommanyShrekfilms,abreathtaking4Dridewithspecialeffects，andmostimportantly,atourwherekidscanhelpbreakthecodeandsaveShreksohegetsbacktohisbelovedswamp(沼澤地)safely.ActivitiesGoingaboardthemagical4DDreamWorksToursbus(withDonkeyactingasthetourguide)LearninghowtobeaVikingofBerkCookingupamagicspellattheMuffinMan’shouseBasicRulesAllchildrenundertheageof15mustbeacpaniedbyanadultatalltimes.Allbagsandcoatsmustbebroughtwithyouduringthetour.Allvisitorsmustarrivewithinthetimeonyourbookingconfirmationandyoumustbringaprintedversionofthebookingwithyouduringyourvisit.Ifyoudonotarrivewithinyourreservedarrivaltime,youmayhavetowaituntilthenextavailableshowtime.TicketCosts￡27(atthedoor)or￡18.90(online)forpeopleaged16andover￡21.85(atthedoor)or￡15.30(online)forchildrenaged3to15Childrenundertheageofthreecangetinforfree.1.WhatcanchildrendoinShrek’sAdventure!?A.Learntocookameal.BWatchtheDreamWorksfilmShrek.C.HelpShrekreturntohisswamp.D.Actastheguideonthetourbus.2.Whatwillyoudoifyoumissthereservedshowtime?A.Enjoythenextavailableshow.B.Showtheprintedtickets.C.Bookanothershowonline.D.Getinimmediately.3.Howmuchwillacoupleandtheir6yearoldsonpayiftheybookonline?A.￡37.8. B.￡53.1. C.￡34.2. D.￡75.85.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講的是倫敦獨(dú)一無(wú)二的室內(nèi)旅游景點(diǎn)——Shrek’sAdventure!【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Shrek’sAdventure!hastenfunnyshowsfeaturingclassicsets(likeShrek’sswamp)frommanyShrekfilms,abreathtaking4Dridewithspecialeffects,andmostimportantly,atourwherekidscanhelpbreakthecodeandsaveShreksohegetsbacktohisbelovedswamp(沼澤地)safely.(史萊克的冒險(xiǎn)！這里有十場(chǎng)有趣的表演，展示了許多《怪物史萊克》電影中的經(jīng)典場(chǎng)景(比如史萊克的沼澤)，還有令人驚嘆的4D特技之旅，最重要的是，孩子們可以幫助破解密碼，拯救史萊克，讓他安全回到他心愛(ài)的沼澤。)”可知在Shrek’sAdventure!孩子們可以幫助史萊克安全回到他心愛(ài)的沼澤。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章BasicRules部分的“Ifyoudonotarrivewithinyourreservedarrivaltime,youmayhavetowaituntilthenextavailableshowtime.(如果您沒(méi)有在預(yù)定的到達(dá)時(shí)間內(nèi)到達(dá)，您可能必須等到下一個(gè)演出時(shí)間。)”可知如果錯(cuò)過(guò)了預(yù)定時(shí)間可以欣賞下一場(chǎng)可以觀(guān)看的演出。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TicketCosts部分的“￡27(atthedoor)or￡18.90(online)forpeopleaged16andover￡21.85(atthedoor)or￡15.30(online)forchildrenaged3to15(27英鎊(在售票處)或英鎊(網(wǎng)上)，年齡在16歲及以上的人；英鎊(在售票處)或英鎊(網(wǎng)上)，3至15歲的孩子)”可知一對(duì)夫婦和一個(gè)六歲的男孩應(yīng)該付英鎊。故選B項(xiàng)。BForLydiaKoniordou,afamousGreekactressandformerGreekministerofcultureandsports,culturalpreservationisessentialtohelppeopleknowwhotheyareandlearnwhattheyshoulddointhefuture.“Thetalleryouwanttogrow,thedeeperyourrootsmustbe.Ourculturalpastisourroots.Ifwedon’thavereallystrongrootsanddepthinourperception(認(rèn)識(shí))ofouridentity,wecannotgrow.Withouttheseroots,wewillbetornoutveryeasilywiththecurrents,”shetoldthejournalistinarecentinterview,addingculturalheritageisinfactverymuchaliveandrelevanttoday.Speakingofherteachingexperienceoverseas,KoniordousaidshewasverymuchimpressedbyherChinesestudentswhenshegaveseminarsonancientGreektragedyattheShanghaiTheatreAcademyin201415.WhenthestudentsworkedonAlcestis,anAtheniantragedybyancientGreekplaywrightEuripides,theythoroughlyresearchedthecostumestheywouldbewearing,theset,andthelights,amongothers,sherecalled.“IfeeltheyevolvedandweretransformedbythisexperienceasIwastransformed.Theydidnotjustplayarole,butcreatedawholeworldandthatiswhytheproductionhadsomuchinterestalsoforthespectators,”shesaid.KoniordouparticipatedintheproductionofEuripides‘Electra’togetherwithGreekdirectorKostasTsianos.“TsianosdidsomethingveryimportantforGreekculture.Heconnectedfolkformsofartfolkdances,songsandpoetrywithourclassicalpast.Wepresentedthisperformanceinmanyplacesaroundtheworld,andthefeelingthatitstirredintheaudiencewasquitesimilar,eventhoughtheydidn’talwaysunderstandthelanguage,”shesaid.TheChinesecivilizationisahugetreewithverydeeproots,andGreecealsohasarichancientcivilization,shesaid,addingshebelievesthatthetwocountriescouldpromotecooperationandexchangesinmanyfields,suchasinpreservationofantiques.4.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Culturalheritageiseasilydamaged.B.Theimportanceofculturalpreservation.C.Thetallergrowthwantsthedeeperroots.D.Weareeasilytornoutwiththecurrents.5.WhatdidKoniordoudoinShanghai?A.Sheplayedaroleandwaslovedbythespectators.B.Sheresearchedthecostumes,theset,andthelights.C.ShestudiedtheartofChineseperformanceasastudent.D.Shepromotedthestudents’understandingofGreekculture.6.WhydidKoniordoucooperatewithKostasTsianos?A.ToindicateherfriendshipwithTsianos.B.ToshowKoniordouwasalsoexpertatdirecting.C.TopopularizeandpromotetraditionalGreekculture.D.TointroducetheartachievementofTsianosin.7.Whatwillthetextprobablytalkaboutinthefollowingpart?A.CulturalpreservationinChina.B.Thewaytopreserveculturalheritage.C.TheintroductionofotherGreekartproductions.D.CooperationbetweenChineseandGreekculture.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了對(duì)于希臘著名女演員、前希臘文化和體育部長(zhǎng)LydiaKoniordou對(duì)于希臘文化保護(hù)和傳播所作的貢獻(xiàn)以及她希望中國(guó)和希臘兩國(guó)可以促進(jìn)多領(lǐng)域合作與交流的事情?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ForLydiaKoniordou,afamousGreekactressandformerGreekministerofcultureandsports,culturalpreservationisessentialtohelppeopleknowwhotheyareandlearnwhattheyshoulddointhefuture.”（對(duì)于希臘著名女演員、前希臘文化和體育部長(zhǎng)LydiaKoniordou來(lái)說(shuō)，文化保護(hù)對(duì)于幫助人們了解自己和學(xué)習(xí)未來(lái)應(yīng)該做什么至關(guān)重要。）和第二段“Ourculturalpastisourroots.Ifwedon’thavereallystrongrootsanddepthinourperceptionofouridentity,wecannotgrow.Withouttheseroots,wewillbetornoutveryeasilywiththecurrents”（我們的文化歷史是我們的根源。如果我們對(duì)自己的身份認(rèn)知沒(méi)有真正牢固的根基和深度，我們就無(wú)法成長(zhǎng)。如果沒(méi)有這些根，我們將很容易被潮流撕裂）可知，Koniordou認(rèn)為文化是一個(gè)國(guó)家的根基，沒(méi)有這些根基我們就不能發(fā)展和成長(zhǎng)，說(shuō)明保護(hù)文化的重要性。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“WhenthestudentsworkedonAlcestis,anAtheniantragedybyancientGreekplaywrightEuripides,theythoroughlyresearchedthecostumestheywouldbewearing,theset,andthelights,amongothers,sherecalled.“IfeeltheyevolvedandweretransformedbythisexperienceasIwastransformed.Theydidnotjustplayarole,butcreatedawholeworldandthatiswhytheproductionhadsomuchinterestalsoforthespectators,”shesaid.”（她回憶道，當(dāng)學(xué)生們創(chuàng)作古希臘劇作家歐里庇得斯的雅典悲劇《阿爾克西斯》時(shí)，他們徹底研究了他們將要穿的服裝、布景和燈光等。她說(shuō)：“我覺(jué)得他們?cè)谶M(jìn)化，在我被改造的過(guò)程中他們也被這段經(jīng)歷所改造。他們不僅發(fā)揮了作用，還創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)完整的世界，這就是為什么觀(guān)眾對(duì)這部作品如此感興趣的原因。”。）可知，Koniordou幫助學(xué)生理解希臘戲劇，說(shuō)明她促進(jìn)了學(xué)生對(duì)希臘文化的理解。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““TsianosdidsomethingveryimportantforGreekculture.Heconnectedfolkformsofart,folkdances,songsandpoetrywithourclassicalpast.Wepresentedthisperformanceinmanyplacesaroundtheworld,andthefeelingthatitstirredintheaudiencewasquitesimilar,eventhoughtheydidn’talwaysunderstandthelanguage,”shesaid.”（“齊亞諾斯為希臘文化做了一件非常重要的事情。他將民間藝術(shù)形式、民間舞蹈、歌曲和詩(shī)歌與我們的古典歷史聯(lián)系在一起。我們?cè)谑澜绺鞯嘏e辦了這場(chǎng)演出，觀(guān)眾的感受非常相似，盡管他們并不總是懂希臘語(yǔ)，”她說(shuō)。）可知，Koniordou和科斯塔斯·齊亞諾斯合作是為了普及和弘揚(yáng)希臘傳統(tǒng)文化。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“TheChinesecivilizationisahugetreewithverydeeproots,andGreecealsohasarichancientcivilization,shesaid,addingshebelievesthatthetwocountriescouldpromotecooperationandexchangesinmanyfields,suchasinpreservationofantiques.”（她說(shuō)，中國(guó)文明是一棵有著深厚根基的大樹(shù)，希臘也有著豐富的古代文明。她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，她相信兩國(guó)可以促進(jìn)許多領(lǐng)域的合作與交流，比如古董保護(hù)。）可推斷出接下來(lái)可能會(huì)談到的是中國(guó)和希臘文化之間的合作。故選D項(xiàng)。CFormorethan25years,searchengineshavebeentheInternet’sfrontdoor.AltaVista,thefirstsitetoallowsearchesofthefulltextoftheweb,wasswiftlyreplacedbyGoogle,whichhasdominatedthefieldeversince.Google’ssearchengine,stilltheheartofitsbusiness,hasmadeitsparent,Alphabet,oneoftheworld’smostvaluablepanies.Butnothinglastsforever,particularlyintechnology.JustaskIBM,whichonceruledbusinessputing,orNokia,oncetheleaderinmobilephones.Bothweredefeatedbecausetheymissedbigtechnologicaltransitions(革新).Nowtechfirmsareexcitedaboutaninnovationthatmightbringasimilarshiftandasimilaropportunity.Chatbots(聊天機(jī)器人)poweredbyartificialintelligence(AI)letusersgatherinformationviatypedconversations.LeadingthefieldisChatGPT,madebyOpenAI,astartup.BytheendofJanuary,twomonthsafteritslaunch,ChatGPTwasbeingusedbymorethan100mpeople,makingitthefastestgrowingconsumerapplicationinhistory,accordingtoUBS,abank.AIisalreadyusedbehindthescenesinmanyproducts,butChatGPThasputitcenterstage,bylettingpeoplechatwithanAldirectly.ChatGPTcanwriteessaysinvariousstyles,explainplexconcepts,summarizetextandanswervariousquestions.Itcanevenpasslegalandmedicalexams.Anditcansynthesiseknowledgefromtheweb:forexample,listingholidayspotsthatmatchcertaincriteria,orsuggestingmenus.Ifasked,itcanexplainitsreasoningandprovidedetail.Manythingsthatpeopleusesearchenginesfortoday,inshort,canbedonebetterwithchatbots.OnFebruary7th,Microsoft,whichhasinvestedmorethan$11bninOpenAI,revealedanewversionofBing,itssearchengine,whichincludesChatGPT.SatyaNadella,Microsoft’sboss,seesthisashischancetochallengeGoogle.Foritspart,GooglehasannouncedBard,itsownchatbot,asapaniontoitssearchengine.ThesharepriceofBaidu,knownastheGoogleofChina,jumpedwhenitsaiditwouldreleaseitschatbot,calledErnie,inMarch.Butcanchatbotsbetrusted?Cantechfirmsmakemoneyfromthis?Onlytimewilltell.8.WhydoestheauthormentionIBMandNokiainthesecondparagraph?A.Toprovehisidea.B.Toshowtheirpopularity.C.Tointroducethemtoreaders.D.Toemphasizethevalueofthem.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“synthesise”meaninParagraph3?A.Spread.B.bine.C.Stress.D.Advance.10.WhatisChatGPTunabletodoaccordingtothetext?A.prehendmeaning.B.Writeessays.C.Replacedoctors.D.Chatwithpeople.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WillChatGPTbepopular?B.WillAIreplacehumanbeings?C.WillMicrosoftdefeatGoogle?D.WillChatGPTeatGoogle’slunch?【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種人工智能ChatGPT，并討論其是否能取代Google。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Butnothinglastsforever,particularlyintechnology.(但沒(méi)有什么是永恒的，尤其是在科技領(lǐng)域。)”和第三句“Bothweredefeatedbecausetheymissedbigtechnologicaltransitions(革新).(這兩家公司都失敗了，因?yàn)樗鼈冨e(cuò)過(guò)了重大的技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)型。)”可知，作者在第二段提到IBM和諾基亞的目的是證明自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。故選A。【9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第四句中的“forexample,listingholidayspotsthatmatchcertaincriteria,orsuggestingmenus(例如，列出符合特定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的度假地點(diǎn)，或推薦菜單)”可知，此處是指可以綜合網(wǎng)上的信息，所以synthesise意為“結(jié)合，綜合”。故選B。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“AIisalreadyusedbehindthescenesinmanyproducts,butChatGPThasputitcenterstage,bylettingpeoplechatwithanAldirectly.(人工智能已經(jīng)在許多產(chǎn)品的幕后使用，但ChatGPT通過(guò)讓人們直接與人工智能聊天，將其置于中心舞臺(tái)。)”可知，ChatGPT可以和人聊天，排除選項(xiàng)D；根據(jù)第三段第二句“ChatGPTcanwriteessaysinvariousstyles,explainplexconcepts,summarizetextandanswervariousquestions.(ChatGPT可以寫(xiě)各種風(fēng)格的文章，解釋復(fù)雜的概念，總結(jié)文本和回答各種問(wèn)題。)”可知，ChatGPT可以理解含義、寫(xiě)文章，排除選項(xiàng)A和B。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Formorethan25years,searchengineshavebeentheInternet’sfrontdoor.AltaVista,thefirstsitetoallowsearchesofthefulltextoftheweb,wasswiftlyreplacedbyGoogle,whichhasdominatedthefieldeversince.Google’ssearchengine,stilltheheartofitsbusiness,hasmadeitsparent,Alphabet,oneoftheworld’smostvaluablepanies.(在超過(guò)25年的時(shí)間里，搜索引擎一直是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的大門(mén)。AltaVista是第一個(gè)允許搜索網(wǎng)頁(yè)全文的網(wǎng)站，但很快就被谷歌取代，谷歌從此占據(jù)了該領(lǐng)域的主導(dǎo)地位。谷歌的搜索引擎仍然是其業(yè)務(wù)的核心，它使其母公司Alphabet成為世界上最有價(jià)值的公司之一。)”，第二段前四句“Butnothinglastsforever,particularlyintechnology.JustaskIBM,whichonceruledbusinessputing,orNokia,oncetheleaderinmobilephones.Bothweredefeatedbecausetheymissedbigtechnologicaltransitions(革新).Nowtechfirmsareexcitedaboutaninnovationthatmightbringasimilarshiftandasimilaropportunity.(但沒(méi)有什么是永恒的，尤其是在科技領(lǐng)域。只要問(wèn)問(wèn)曾經(jīng)統(tǒng)治商業(yè)計(jì)算的IBM，或者曾經(jīng)是移動(dòng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的諾基亞就知道了。這兩家公司都失敗了，因?yàn)樗鼈冨e(cuò)過(guò)了重大的技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)型?，F(xiàn)在，科技公司對(duì)一項(xiàng)可能帶來(lái)類(lèi)似轉(zhuǎn)變和類(lèi)似機(jī)會(huì)的創(chuàng)新感到興奮。)”和最后一段“Butcanchatbotsbetrusted?Cantechfirmsmakemoneyfromthis?Onlytimewilltell.(但是聊天機(jī)器人可信嗎？科技公司能從中賺錢(qián)嗎？只有時(shí)間會(huì)告訴我們答案。)”可知，文章主要介紹了一種人工智能ChatGPT，并討論其是否能取代Google。故選D。DHaveyoueverwishedyoucouldbebetterorganizedormoresociable?Ormoreinventiveandoriginal?Perhapsyou’reaconstantworrier,andyou’dprefertobealittlemorecarefree?Ifanyofthesethoughtsringtrue,youarenotalone.Manysurveysshowthatatleasttwothirdsofpeoplewouldliketochangetheirpersonality.Inthepast,suchdesiresappearedtobeimpossible.Ourpersonalitieswerethoughttobeformedinchildhoodandtoremainfixedthroughoutlives.Recentresearch,however,suggeststhatwiththerightpsychologicalstrategiesandenougheffort,peoplecansuccessfullymould(塑造)theircoretraitsintotheshapetheydesire.ThatiswhatpsychologyprofessorNathanHudsonandhiscolleagueshaveshownwithstudies.Theresearchhascenteredonfivetraits(特點(diǎn))thatarethoughttocontainourmostfundamentalcharacteristics.Knownasthe“bigfive”,theyare:extraversionhowoutgoingandsociableyouare;conscientiousnesshoworganizedanddisciplinedyouare;agreeablenesshowconcernedyouarewithsocialharmony;neuroticismhownervousandsensitiveyouare;andopennesstoexperiencehowimaginativeandcuriousyouare.People’sscoresforthebigfivecanpredictimportantoutes.Peoplewhoscorehighlyonconscientiousness,forexample,getbettergradesatschoolandearnmore.Thosewhoscorehighlyonneuroticism,meanwhile,aremoresensitivetostress.Inthestudy,someonewhowishedtobemoreconscientiousmightbeaskedtocarefullyreadanemailbeforesendingit,ortowriteatodolistbeforegoingtobed.Aneuroticpersonmightbegivenexercisestoimproveemotionalregulation,suchaswritingdownfeelingswhentheyarehardtocontrol.Theaimisforthethinkingpatternsandbehaviourstheymaketobeehabitual.Andtheevidencesofarsuggestsitworkswell.Similarresultscouldbeseeninalaterexperiment,whichusedasmartphoneapptocoachparticipantsintheirdesiredbigfivetraits.AsAristotlearguedmorethan2,300yearsago,webeewhatwerepeatedlydo.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Personalityremainsfixedinlife.B.Personalitychangeispossible.C.Personalitykeepschangingwithage.D.Personalityvariesfrompersontoperson.13.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theaimoftheresearch.BThemethodoftheresearch.C.Thefocusoftheresearch.D.Theimportanceoftheresearch.14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheresearch?A.Favourable.B.Doubtful.C.Disapproving.D.Indifferent.15.Whichofthefollowingsayingscanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Characterdeterminesdestiny.B.Custommakesallthingseasy.C.Habitdeterminescharacter.D.Afoxmaygrowgray,butnevergood.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。最近的研究表明，通過(guò)正確的心理策略和足夠的努力，人們可以成功地將他們的核心特征塑造成他們想要的形狀，從而達(dá)到改變性格的目的?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段倒第二句“Recentresearch,however,suggeststhatwiththerightpsychologicalstrategiesandenougheffort,peoplecansuccessfullymould(塑造)theircoretraitsintotheshapetheydesire.(然而，最近的研究表明，通過(guò)正確的心理策略和足夠的努力，人們可以成功地將他們的核心特征塑造成他們想要的形狀)”可知，我們可以從文中了解到性格改變是可能的。故選B?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Theresearchhascenteredonfivetraits(特點(diǎn))thatarethoughttocontainourmostfundamentalcharacteristics.(這項(xiàng)研究集中在被認(rèn)為包含我們最基本特征的五種特征上)”可知，第二段主要是講研究的重點(diǎn)。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AsAristotlearguedmorethan2,300yearsago,webeewhatwerepeatedlydo.(正如亞里士多德在2300多年前所說(shuō)的那樣，我們反復(fù)做什么，我們就會(huì)成為什么)”可推知，作者對(duì)研究的態(tài)度是贊成的。故選A。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒第二段第一句“Inthestudy,someonewhowishedtobemoreconscientiousmightbeaskedtocarefullyreadanemailbeforesendingit,ortowriteatodolistbeforegoingtobed.(在這項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員可能會(huì)要求那些希望更認(rèn)真的人在發(fā)送電子郵件之前仔細(xì)閱讀，或者在睡覺(jué)前寫(xiě)一份待辦事項(xiàng)清單)”和最后一段“AsAristotlearguedmorethan2,300yearsago,webeewhatwerepeatedlydo.(正如亞里士多德在2300多年前所說(shuō)的那樣，我們反復(fù)做什么，我們就會(huì)成為什么)”可知，我們可以從研究中學(xué)到習(xí)慣決定性格的道理。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtosetupalibraryofthingsInsteadofcluttering(亂推放)ourhomes,garagesandtheplanet,settingupalibraryofthingsallowsneighbourstoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoods.____16____Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.Here’showtostartyourown:Talktoyourneighbours____17____Dotheyfeeltheirhomeistoocluttered?Dotheywanttodotheirbitfortheenvironmentandspendlessmoney?Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona“wishlist”ofitemstheycouldborrow.FindaspaceStartsmallinsomeone’sgarageorlocalmarkettoseewhatitemsaremostpopular.Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfallsuchaslibrariesormunityhubs.____18____WhystartaLibraryofThings?Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!____19____InspiredbytoollibrariesintheUSandlendinglibrariesinBerlin,westartedasmallLibraryofThingslocallyandsevenyearslaterwe’rerunningfiveLibraryofThingslocationsacrossLondon.Whatotherimpactonthelocalarea?We’verunverysuccessfuleventsledbyborrowerssuchasmendingmeetups,sewingclasses,DIYclasses.____20____Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinessesatthemarketbyusingouritems.Andforevery￡10someonespendsonborrowing,￡8stayslocally,creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalmunityspaces.A.Findoutiflocalpeopleneedasharinglibrary.B.TheLibraryofThingshasamultipliereffectlocally.C.You’llneedsomemoneytosetupyoursharinglibrary.D.Butinruralareas,amobilesharinglibrarycouldwork.E.Wewerealsogettingannoyedaboutwastewewerecreating.F.Speaktootherswhohavedoneitandarewillingtosharetheirknowledge.G.Affordable,convenientandenvironmentalfriendly,sharinglibrariesarepoppingup.【答案】16.G17.A18.D19.E20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了如何開(kāi)設(shè)一家共享物品館的步驟和它對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生的積極作用?！?6題詳解】上文“Insteadofcluttering(亂推放)ourhomes,garagesandtheplanet,settingupalibraryofthingsallowsneighbourstoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoods.(與其把我們的家、車(chē)庫(kù)和地球弄得一團(tuán)糟，不如建立一個(gè)物品館，讓鄰居們可以借用和分享巨大而昂貴的物品。)”提到要建立物品館，可知，空處承接上文，指出物品館出現(xiàn)了，與G項(xiàng)“價(jià)格合理、方便且環(huán)保的共享物庫(kù)正在涌現(xiàn)”符合，同時(shí)和下文“Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.(但當(dāng)?shù)厝瞬](méi)有借書(shū)，而是以負(fù)擔(dān)得起的費(fèi)用來(lái)借鉆頭、面條機(jī)和吉他)”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說(shuō)明雖然共享物品館涌現(xiàn)，但是人們沒(méi)有去借書(shū)而是租借了其他的物品。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】下文“Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona“wishlist”ofitemstheycouldborrow.(鏈接到當(dāng)?shù)鼐W(wǎng)絡(luò)，讓人們對(duì)他們可以借的物品的“愿望清單”進(jìn)行投票。)”可知，通過(guò)鏈接可以讓人們對(duì)于可以借的物品進(jìn)行投票是對(duì)A項(xiàng)“了解當(dāng)?shù)厝耸欠裥枰蚕砦锲佛^”內(nèi)容的承接，指出了解當(dāng)?shù)厝耸欠駥?duì)共享物品館有需求這一問(wèn)題的具體做法就是通過(guò)在網(wǎng)上讓人們投票。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfallsuchaslibrariesormunityhubs.(然后在人流密集的城市地區(qū)，如圖書(shū)館或社區(qū)中心的建筑中尋找空間。)”可知，上文介紹了在城市的哪些地方可以找到空間建立共享物品館，與D項(xiàng)“但在農(nóng)村地區(qū)，移動(dòng)共享物品館可以發(fā)揮作用”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表明在鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)共享物品館的形式和城市中的情況有所不同。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!(我們當(dāng)時(shí)住在一所小房子里，需要一些工具來(lái)搭架子。我們不想擁有這些工具，而且租賃它們很貴)”可知，我們不想為搭架子的工具花錢(qián)，和E項(xiàng)“我們也對(duì)自己制造的浪費(fèi)感到惱火”都是對(duì)小標(biāo)題“為什么建立物品館”原因的舉例說(shuō)明。故選E項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】上文“We’verunverysuccessfulevents(我們舉辦了非常成功的活動(dòng))”及下文“Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinessesatthemarketbyusingouritems.Andforevery￡10someonespendsonborrowing,￡8stayslocally,creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalmunityspaces.(借款人之前曾使用我們的產(chǎn)品在市場(chǎng)上測(cè)試過(guò)新的食品業(yè)務(wù)。每花10英鎊借款，就有8英鎊留在當(dāng)?shù)?，?chuàng)造當(dāng)?shù)鼐蜆I(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，支持當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)空間)”是對(duì)B項(xiàng)“物品館在當(dāng)?shù)鼐哂谐藬?shù)效應(yīng)”中的multipliereffect這一概念進(jìn)行了解釋說(shuō)明，乘數(shù)效應(yīng)是指在公共工程項(xiàng)目之后帶來(lái)的消費(fèi)水平和私人投資水平的上升，因?yàn)槲锲佛^舉辦的活動(dòng)使人們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)增加并支持了當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鐓^(qū)空間。故選B項(xiàng)。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ItwasaweekendinMay2018andmypartner,GabeRosescu,andIweretakingaroadtriptovisitfriendsinNelson,BritishColumbia.Ataround5:30pm,weweredrivingona____21____mountainroad.Iwas____22____updatestomyfamilyandenjoyingtheview.Weweren’tawarethere’drecentlybeen____23____inthearea.WhenIlookedupfrommyphone,Isawawaveofmudandanenormoustreerushingdownthemountain.Wetriedto____24____thecar,butitwastoolate.Themudslide____25____ourcardroppingnearly300metresdownarockycliff.Itlandedonitssideamongsometrees.Idon’tknowhowlongIwas____26____,butIwokeuptothepainfulsoundofGabe．He____27____overthesteeringwheel(方向盤(pán))，andtherewasbloodeverywhere.Outsidemypassengerwindowtherewasasteepcliff.Wewerebothinjured.Wehadnophone____28____,soallwecouldthinktodowasyellforhelp.Wewere____29____when,afterjustafewminutes,weheardsomeonecallback.Fourbystandershad_____30_____usandwaded(涉水)throughwaistdeepmudtorescueus.Wecouldn’twalk,sothementookturns_____31_____usuptherockfaceandhelpingusmakeourwayuptotheroad.Theytookmetotheclosest_____32_____.Allalongtheway,theykept_____33_____Gabetokeephimawake.Weweresavedfinally.We’reevenmore_____34_____now.Welookateverythingdifferently._____35_____theinjurieswesustained,we’regratefulthatwe’restilllivingaprettygoodlife.21.A.crowded B.smooth C.steep D.straight22.A.copying B.texting C.exhibiting D.advertising23.A.drought B.flooding C.earthquake D.typhoon24.A.start B.repair C.push D.brake25.A.caught B.kept C.sent D.prevented26.A.dizzy B.asleep C.frightened D.unconscious27.A.laydown B.felldown C.satdown D.hungup28.A.signal B.image C.sound D.sign29.A.calm B.disappointed C.shocked D.thankful30.A.spotted B.ignored C.recognized D.inspected31.A.shifting B.rushing C.waking D.bringing32.A.munity B.restaurant C.hotel D.hospital33.A.disturbing B.scaring C.shaking D.dragging34.A.generous B.positive C.sensitive D.proud35.A.Despite B.With C.Apartfrom D.Dueto【答案】21.C22.B23.B24.D25.C26.D27.B28.A29.C30.A31.A32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了我和朋友加布在陡峭的山路上行駛時(shí)發(fā)生了車(chē)禍，四個(gè)陌生人救了我們并把我們送到醫(yī)院的故事。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：下午5點(diǎn)半左右，我們?cè)谝粭l陡峭的山路上行駛。A.crowded擁擠的；B.smooth光滑的；C.steep陡峭的；D.straight直的。根據(jù)后文“Outsidemypassengerwindowtherewasasteepcliff.”可知，這條山路是陡峭的，steep“陡峭的”使原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我在給家人發(fā)最新消息，欣賞美景。A.copying復(fù)制；B.texting發(fā)信息；C.exhibiting展示；D.advertising做廣告。根據(jù)后文“updatestomyfamily”及“WhenIlookedupfrommyphone”可知，我當(dāng)時(shí)在低頭給家人發(fā)信息告知路上的情況，text意為“發(fā)信息”符合句意。故選B項(xiàng)。23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不知道該地區(qū)最近發(fā)生了洪水。A.drought干旱；B.flooding洪水；C.earthquake地震；D.typhoon臺(tái)風(fēng)。根據(jù)后文“Themudslide”根據(jù)常識(shí)泥石流會(huì)出現(xiàn)在發(fā)洪水之后。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)噲D剎車(chē)，但為時(shí)已晚。A.start開(kāi)始；B.repair修理；C.push推；D.brake剎車(chē)。根據(jù)前文“Isawawaveofmudandanenormoustreerushingdownthemountain.”可知，我看到一股泥漿和一棵大樹(shù)從山上沖下來(lái)。推斷出我們看見(jiàn)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)的反應(yīng)是剎車(chē)。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：泥石流使我們的汽車(chē)從巖石峭壁上跌落了近300米。A.caught抓??；B.kept保持；C.sent發(fā)送；D.prevented阻止。根據(jù)前文“Isawawaveofmudandanenormoustreerushingdownthemountain.”可知，泥石流把我們的汽車(chē)沖下來(lái)，從巖石峭壁上跌落了近300米，sent“發(fā)送”符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道我昏迷了多久，但我在加布痛苦的聲音中醒來(lái)。A.dizzy頭暈的；B.asleep睡著的；C.frightened感到害怕的；D.unconscious失去知覺(jué)的。根據(jù)后文“butIwokeuptothepainfulsoundofGabe”可知，我們除了車(chē)禍，我從加布疼痛的呻吟聲中醒來(lái)，推斷出我昏迷了很久，unconscious“失去知覺(jué)的”符合句意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他摔倒在方向盤(pán)上，到處都是血。A.laydown躺下；B.felldown摔倒；C.satdown坐下；D.hungup掛。根據(jù)前文“Itlandedonitssideamongsometrees.”可知，車(chē)子發(fā)生了側(cè)翻，推斷出加布摔倒在方向盤(pán)上。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒(méi)有信號(hào)，所以我們所能想到的就是大聲呼救。A.signal信號(hào)；B.image形象；C.sound聲音；D.sign標(biāo)識(shí)。根據(jù)后文“soallwecouldthinktodowasyellforhelp”可知，我們大聲呼喊使因?yàn)闆](méi)有信號(hào)。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾分鐘后，當(dāng)我們聽(tīng)到有人回喊時(shí)，我們非常震驚。A.calm平靜的；B.disappointed失望的；C.shocked震驚的；D.thankful感激的。根據(jù)前文“Outsidemypassengerwindowtherewasasteepcliff.”可知我們的乘客窗外是陡峭的山崖，推斷出作者出事的地方很偏僻，所以當(dāng)他們聽(tīng)到有人回應(yīng)時(shí)感到驚訝。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：四個(gè)旁觀(guān)者發(fā)現(xiàn)了我們，涉水穿過(guò)齊腰深的泥地救了我們。A.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.ignored忽視；C.recognized認(rèn)出；D.inspected檢查。根據(jù)后文“waded(涉水)throughwaistdeepmudtorescueus”可知，他們能涉水來(lái)救我們說(shuō)明他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了我們。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不能走路，所以男人們輪流把我們抬上巖石表面，幫助我們走到路上。A.shifting移到；B.rushing沖，奔；C.waking醒來(lái)；D.bringing帶來(lái)。根據(jù)后文“helpingusmakeourwayuptotheroad”可知，我們受傷了，這四個(gè)人是輪流把我們移到巖石表面，幫助我們走路。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們把我送到最近的醫(yī)院。A.munity社區(qū)；B.restaurant餐廳；C.hotel賓館；D.hospital醫(yī)院。根據(jù)前文“Wewerebothinjured.”可知，我們都受傷了，推斷出他們是把我送到最近的醫(yī)院。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一路上，他們一直在搖晃加布，讓他保持清醒。A.disturbing打擾；B.scaring害怕；C.shaking搖晃；D.dragging拉。根據(jù)后文“tokeephimawake”可知，為了讓加布保持清醒，推斷出他們可能會(huì)搖晃他的身體。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們現(xiàn)在更加積極了。A.generous慷慨的；B.positive積極的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.proud驕傲的。根據(jù)后文“we’regratefulthatwe’restilllivingaprettygoodlife”可知。我們感恩生活說(shuō)明我們現(xiàn)在更加積極了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查介詞和介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：盡管我們受傷了，但我們很感激我們?nèi)匀贿^(guò)著美好的生活。A.Despite盡管；B.With隨著；C.Apartfrom除了；D.Dueto由于。根據(jù)后文“theinjurieswesustained,we’regratefulthatwe’restilllivingaprettygoodlife”可知，前后句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，despite“盡管”，符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thankstoabundantrainfallandthepatienteffortofthelocalgovernment,Jinan,____36____provincialcapitalofShandongthat____37____(title)asthe“cityofsprings”,hasseenayearofremarkableachievement.TheBaotuSpring,afamousscenicspotinthecity’sLixiadistrict,sawitswatertablebeyond30metersonOct11toreachthe____38____(high)levelforthattimeofyearsinceitstartedgushing(噴涌)againin2003.Sinceearlythisyear,thespring’swatertable____39____(be)ontherise,thewateraffairsbureausays.Thereare1,209artesian(自然流淌的)springsinJinan,accordingtoalist____40____(publish)inSeptemberlastyear.Thesouthernhillyarea,____41____alsocollectsandgeneratesthespringwater,ishigherthantheriverplaintothenorth.Thegroundwaterflowsdownwardandgushesoutatthefootofthehills.Insomesprings,bubblesareseenrisingfromthebedrock.Thewaterissoclearineveryspringthat____42____(tourist)canseethebottomofthesprings.TheBlackTigerSpringoriginates____43____a3meterdeep,1.7meterwid