廣西桂林市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣西桂林市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillMikeprobablydothisafternoon?A.Attendaparty.B.Movetoanewplace.C.GetsomebooksfromDavid.2.Whydoesthemanhavetostayindoors?A.Hecaughtacold.B.Hisfootwasinjured.C.Theweatheristerrible.3.WhatisHarrylikeintheman'sopinion?A.Outgoing.B.Talkative.C.Quiet.4.Howmuchdidthespeakersspendlastmonth?A.$1,400.B.$1,500.C.$1,900.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theheavytraffic.B.Theirworkproblems.C.Thegovernment'smeasures.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atschool.B.Athome.C.Atagrocerystore.7.WhatisLisagoingtodonext?A.Havesomewater.B.Lookforaphone.C.Pickuphermother.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至9題。8.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Studytogether.B.Seeafilm.C.GotoDon'shouse.9.Howwillthespeakersgetthere?A.Bysubway.B.Bybike.C.Onfoot.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至12題。10.Whywasthenewautomationsysteminstalled?A.Toprotectcollections.B.Toattractmorereaders.C.Tosavemorespace.11.Whatpercentageofenergycanbesavedyearly?A.72%.B.38%.C.28%.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Friends.C.Studentandlibrarian.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至16題。13.Wheredidthewomanspendhervacation?A.InNewYorkCity.B.InMiddleville.C.InMiami.14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'stripatfirst?A.Boring.B.Exciting.C.Unique.15.Howdidthewomanlearnaboutthestrangehistoryoftheplace?A.Bychattingwiththeoldatabar.B.Byvisitingtraditionalshops.C.Byeatingatlocalrestaurants.16.Whatdoesthemanshowmuchinterestinabouttheplace?A.Itsoldstreets.B.Itswinefestival.C.Itssimplepeople.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至20題。17.WhatmadeBarrymorefamousattheageofseven?A.AStevenSpielbergmovie.B.AdogfoodTVadvertisement.C.ThesciencefictionAlteredStates.18.WhatwasBarrymore'sdreamasayoungadult?A.Toactindramas.B.Tostarincomedies.C.Tomakeherownmovies.19.WhendidBarrymoreproducethefilmNeverBeenKissed?A.In1995.B.In1999.C.In2005.20.WhatdidBarrymoredoafterthe2010Haitianearthquake?A.ShebeganworkingfortheUNWFP.B.Shepersuadedpeopletodonatemoney.C.ShetaughtpeopletomakeYouTubevideos.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADidyouknowyoucanvisittheGreatWallofChina,seefamouspaintingsorcheckinonyourfavouritezooanimalswithoutleavinghome?Thatsgoodnewsanytime.Herearesomeofexplore-the-world-from-homeideas.THEGREATWALL,CHINAThisincrediblelandmarkisacollectionofwalls.It’softensaidit’stheonlyhuman-madestructurethatcanbeseenfromtheMoonbutthatclaimwasmademanyyearsbeforeanyonehadbeentotheMoon.Today,theGreatWallisgenerallyrecognizedasoneofthemostimpressivearchitecturalfeatsinhistory.VISITthechinaguide.com/destination/great-wall-of-chinaCINCINNATIZOO,USThisfamouszooisofferingvirtualanimal-watchingtours.“We’rebringingthezootopeoplewhoarestuckathome,”saidzoodirectorThaneMaynard.“Thegoalwiththedailylivesessionsistoprovidefunandeducationalcontenttopeoplewhoarestayingathome.”VISITcincinnatizoo.org/home-safari-resourcesSMITHSONIAN,USTheSmithsonianMuseumandNationalZoohasalargerangeofexhibitsavailabletoviewonline,includingAnimalCams—livestreams(視頻直播)oftheiranimalenclosuressoyoucangetupclosewithlions,pandas,elephantsandmore.VISITsi.edu/kidsMUSEED’ORSAY,FRANCETakesometimetostudythepaintingsofMonet,Cezanne,andGauguinattheMuseeD’Orsay,Paris.VISIT:m.musee-orsay.fr/enMARSAndforatrulyout-of-this-worldexperiencefromthecomfortofyourownhome,takeavirtualtourofMars.ThetourimagesarerecordedbyNASA’sCuriosityrover.VISITaccessmars.withgoogle.com1.HowcanwedescribetheGreatWallaccordingtothesecondparagraph?A.Old. B.Popular. C.Splendid. D.Well-organized.2.WhatdoCINCINNATIZOOandSMITHSONIANhaveincommon?A.Theyrequirevisitorstofillinforms. B.Theyoffervisualfeastsaboutanimals.C.Theyeducatepeopletoprotectanimals. D.Theyprovidelivestreamsoftheiranimals.3.Whichoneissuitableforthosewhoareinterestedinspace?A.THEGREATWALL. B.CINCINNATIZOO.C.SMITHSONIAN. D.MARS.〖答案〗1.C2.B3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了在家里可以游覽世界各地?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章中THEGREATWALL,CHINA“Thisincrediblelandmarkisacollectionofwalls.It’softensaidit’stheonlyhuman-madestructurethatcanbeseenfromtheMoonbutthatclaimwasmademanyyearsbeforeanyonehadbeentotheMoon.Today,theGreatWallisgenerallyrecognizedasoneofthemostimpressivearchitecturalfeatsinhistory.(這個(gè)令人難以置信的地標(biāo)是一組墻壁。人們常說(shuō)，它是唯一能從月球上看到的人造建筑，但這種說(shuō)法是在有人登上月球之前很多年提出的。今天，長(zhǎng)城被公認(rèn)為歷史上最令人印象深刻的建筑壯舉之一。)”可知，長(zhǎng)城是最令人印象深刻的建筑之一，所以是壯觀的。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章CINCINNATIZOO,US“Thisfamouszooisofferingvirtualanimal-watchingtours.“We’rebringingthezootopeoplewhoarestuckathome,”saidzoodirectorThaneMaynard.(這家著名的動(dòng)物園提供虛擬動(dòng)物觀賞之旅。動(dòng)物園園長(zhǎng)塞恩·梅納德說(shuō):“我們將把動(dòng)物園帶給那些被困在家里的人。)”以及SMITHSONIAN,US“TheSmithsonianMuseumandNationalZoohasalargerangeofexhibitsavailabletoviewonline,includingAnimalCams—livestreams(視頻直播)oftheiranimalenclosuressoyoucangetupclosewithlions,pandas,elephantsandmore.(史密森尼博物館和國(guó)家動(dòng)物園有大量的展品可供在線觀看，包括動(dòng)物攝像機(jī)——?jiǎng)游飮鷻诘闹辈チ?，這樣你就可以近距離接觸獅子、熊貓、大象等。)”可知，這兩個(gè)地方都提供關(guān)于動(dòng)物的視覺(jué)盛宴。故選B。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章MARS中“Andforatrulyout-of-this-worldexperiencefromthecomfortofyourownhome,takeavirtualtourofMars.ThetourimagesarerecordedbyNASA’sCuriosityrover.(如果你想在自己舒適的家中獲得真正的世界外體驗(yàn)，那就來(lái)一次虛擬的火星之旅吧。這些旅行圖像是由美國(guó)宇航局的好奇號(hào)火星車(chē)記錄的。)”可知，MARS適合對(duì)太空感興趣的人。故選D。BWalterDiemer,whoinventedbubblegum(泡泡糖),diedatage93.MrDiemerwasanaccountantforFleerChewingGumCo.inPhiladelphiawhenhebegantestingrecipesforagumbase,thepartthatmakesgumchewy,inhissparetimein1928.Hecreatedthefirstbatchofbubblegumbychance,makingitpinkbecausethatwastheonlyshadeoffoodcoloringonhand.“Itwasanaccident,”MrDiemersaidina1996interviewwiththeLancasterIntelligencerJournal.“Iwasdoingsomethingelseandendedupwithsomethingwithbubbles.”Americanshadbeenchewinggumsince1870,whenaNewYorkernamedCharlesAdamsbeganmanufacturingitinaManhattanwarehouse.Bythe1920s,ahandfulofcompaniesweremakinggumfromchicle,aformofsapodillatreesap(樹(shù)液)thathadbeenchewedinBelize,GuatemalaandMexicoforcenturies.MrDiemer'spinkconcoction(調(diào)和物)wasstretchierandlessstickythanearlierrecipes.FleerCo.tookovertherecipeandcalleditDubbleBubble,sellingthegumforapennyapiece.MrDiemerhelpedmarketDubbleBubblebyteachingsalesmentoblowbubblessotheycoulddemonstratetheproduct.DubbleBubblehadnocompetitionuntilafterWorldWarII,whenToppsCo.beganwrappingbubblegumincomicsandcallingitBazooka.MrDiemer,whohadbegunworkingforFleerafterhighschool,neverreceivedroyaltiesforhisinvention,saidhiswife,FlorenceFreemanKohlerDiemer.Hedidreceivehundredsoflettersfromchildrenthankinghimforbubblegum,shesaid.Herarely,chewedgum,buthewouldinvitechildrentohishomeandtellthemabouthisinvention,thenpresideoverbubble-blowingcontests,hiswifesaid.“Hewasterrificallyproudofit,”shesaid.“Hewouldsaytome,‘I’vedonesomethingwithmylife;I’vemadekidshappyaroundtheworld.’”MrDiemereventuallybecameseniorvicepresidentofFleer,retiringin1970.4.Whatdoesparagraphtwomainlytalkabout?A.Thefunctionofgumbases.B.TheworkingexperienceofDiemer.C.TheprocessofDiemerinventingbubblegum.D.Thedifferencebetweenbubblegumandchewinggum.5.HowdidDiemerhelpmarketbubblegum?A.Byreducingitsproductioncost. B.Byconstantlyimprovingtherecipes.C.Bywrappingitinfascinatingpackaging. D.Bytellingsalespeoplehowtoblowbubbles.6.WhydidchildrenwriteletterstoDiemer?A.BecausetheyhadsomethingtoaskDiemer.B.Becausetheywantedtoexpresstheirgratitude.C.Becausetheyhopedtogetpermissiontovisithim.D.BecausetheywereimpressedbyDiemer’sgenerosity.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroducetheinventorofbubblegum.B.ToexplainthereasonsforDiemer'ssuccess.C.Todescribethehealthbenefitsofbubblegum.D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofmarketingstrategies.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.B7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了WalterDiemer發(fā)明泡泡糖的過(guò)程，以及他對(duì)此的態(tài)度和影響。【4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“MrDiemerwasanaccountantforFleerChewingGumCo.inPhiladelphiawhenhebegantestingrecipesforagumbase,thepartthatmakesgumchewy,inhissparetimein1928.Hecreatedthefirstbatchofbubblegumbychance,makingitpinkbecausethatwastheonlyshadeoffoodcoloringonhand.“Itwasanaccident,”MrDiemersaidina1996interviewwiththeLancasterIntelligencerJournal.”（MrDiemer是費(fèi)城Fleer口香糖公司的一名會(huì)計(jì)，1928年，他利用業(yè)余時(shí)間開(kāi)始試驗(yàn)一種膠基的配方，膠基是使口香糖具有嚼勁的部分。他偶然創(chuàng)造了第一批泡泡糖，把它做成粉紅色，因?yàn)檫@是當(dāng)時(shí)唯一的食用色素。1996年，迪默在接受LancasterIntelligencerJournal采訪時(shí)表示:“這是一次意外?！保┛芍诙沃饕顷P(guān)于Diemer發(fā)明泡泡糖的過(guò)程。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“MrDiemerhelpedmarketDubbleBubblebyteachingsalesmentoblowbubblessotheycoulddemonstratetheproduct.”（Diemer通過(guò)教銷(xiāo)售人員吹泡泡來(lái)展示產(chǎn)品，從而幫助推廣泡泡糖。）可推知，Diemer是通過(guò)告訴銷(xiāo)售人員如何吹泡泡來(lái)幫助推廣泡泡糖的。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Hedidreceivehundredsoflettersfromchildrenthankinghimforbubblegum,shesaid.”（他的妻子說(shuō)，他確實(shí)收到了數(shù)百封孩子們感謝他發(fā)明泡泡糖的信。）可推知，孩子們給Diemer寫(xiě)信是因?yàn)樗麄兿氡磉_(dá)對(duì)他的感激。故選B。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文尤其是第一段“WalterDiemer,whoinventedbubblegum(泡泡糖),diedatage93.”（發(fā)明泡泡糖的沃爾特·迪默去世，享年93歲。）以及下文可知，短文主要講述了WalterDiemer發(fā)明泡泡糖的過(guò)程，以及他對(duì)此的態(tài)度和影響。所以短文的目的是介紹泡泡糖的發(fā)明者。故選A項(xiàng)。CIsiteasyforyoutofeelscared?Doesartmakeyoucry?Doyoufeelotherpeople’sfeelings?Ontheotherhand,doyoutendtobeoverwhelmedbycrowds,brightlightsorstrongperfume?Badnews—ormaybegood.YoucouldbeanHSP,ahighlysensitiveperson.Howcanweunderstandwhat’shappeninginsideanHSP?Thetermwascoinedin1996bypsychologistElaineAronandshearguedthatsensitivebrainsareuniquelytiredtoprocesstheirenvironmentatadeeplevel.Hertheory’smoststrikingclaimisthatphysicalandemotionalsensitivityareoneandthesame.Acomplicatedattentiontobodylanguagestrengthensempathy(共鳴);responsivenesstosubtlephysicalsignalscreatesrichsensationsinHSPs,butcanalsooverwhelm.Intheworkplace,HSPsareusuallythehighestperformers,yetthefirsttogettiredout.Theycanstruggleinrelationships,astheytendtobepeople-pleasing.Theabilitytoconnectisofhugevalueandhighersensitivityislinkedwithcreativity,brillianceandhigherIQ.Thetraitissharedbypioneersacrossscience,businessandthearts—anyonewhonoticesdetailsothersdon’t,makesconnectionstheycan’t.Nomatterwhatyoucallit,sensitivityisdefinedastheabilitytosense,process,andresponddeeplytoone’senvironment.Peoplewhoaresensitivenaturallypickupmoreinformationfromtheirenvironment,processitmoredeeply,andareultimatelymoreshapedbyit.Muchofthisdeepprocessinghappensinvoluntarilyandmanysensitivepeoplearen’tevenawarethattheydoit.Abetterwordforsensitivemightberesponsive.Ifyouareahighlysensitiveperson,yourbodyandmindrespondmoretotheworldaroundyou.Yourespondmoretoheartbreak,painandloss,butyoualsorespondmoretobeauty,newideasandjoy.Yougodeepwhereothersonlyskimthesurface.Youkeepthinkingwhenothershavegivenupandmovedontosomethingelse.8.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thedefinitionofsensitivity. B.ThefeaturesofanHSP.C.ThewaysofdealingwithanHSP. D.Thecauseofhighsensitivity.9.WhatdoweknowaboutanHSP?A.AnHSPoftendemonstrateslowworkingefficiency.B.Thetermreferstoapatienttroubledbymentalproblems.C.AnHSPrespondsmoretothenegativethantothepositive.D.Thetermwascreatedbyafemalepsychologistinthe1990s.10.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardshighsensitivity?A.Objective. B.Doubtful. C.Disapproving. D.Concerned.11.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Amedicaljournal. B.Anewsreport.C.Ascientificmagazine. D.Ahealthmagazine.〖答案〗8.B9.D10.A11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了高敏感人群的特點(diǎn)，在高敏感人群的聚光燈下，他們對(duì)身體和情感有著敏銳的注意力。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Isiteasyforyoutofeelscared?Doesartmakeyoucry?Doyoufeelotherpeople’sfeelings?Ontheotherhand,doyoutendtobeoverwhelmedbycrowds,brightlightsorstrongperfume?Badnews—ormaybegood.YoucouldbeanHSP,ahighlysensitiveperson.(你很容易感到害怕嗎?藝術(shù)會(huì)讓你哭泣嗎?你能感受到別人的感受嗎?另一方面，你是否容易被人群、明亮的燈光或濃烈的香水所淹沒(méi)?壞消息——或許是好消息。你可能是HSP，一個(gè)高度敏感的人。)”可知，本段主要描述的是高敏感的人的特征。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Howcanweunderstandwhat’shappeninginsideanHSP?Thetermwascoinedin1996bypsychologistElaineAronandshearguedthatsensitivebrainsareuniquelytiredtoprocesstheirenvironmentatadeeplevel.(我們?nèi)绾卫斫鉄嵝菘说鞍變?nèi)部發(fā)生了什么?這個(gè)詞是由心理學(xué)家伊萊恩·阿倫在1996年創(chuàng)造的，她認(rèn)為敏感的大腦在深層處理環(huán)境時(shí)特別疲憊。)”可知，HSP這一術(shù)語(yǔ)是由女心理學(xué)家ElaineAron提出的。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Badnews—ormaybegood.(壞消息——或許是好消息。)”以及第二段“Acomplicatedattentiontobodylanguagestrengthensempathy(共鳴);responsivenesstosubtlephysicalsignalscreatesrichsensationsinHSPs,butcanalsooverwhelm.(對(duì)肢體語(yǔ)言的復(fù)雜關(guān)注增強(qiáng)了同理心；對(duì)微妙的身體信號(hào)的反應(yīng)會(huì)讓高敏感人群產(chǎn)生豐富的感覺(jué)，但也會(huì)讓他們不知所措。)”作者認(rèn)為高敏感的人既有好處又有壞處；可知，作者對(duì)高敏感的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Isiteasyforyoutofeelscared?Doesartmakeyoucry?Doyoufeelotherpeople’sfeelings?Ontheotherhand,doyoutendtobeoverwhelmedbycrowds,brightlightsorstrongperfume?Badnews—ormaybegood.YoucouldbeanHSP,ahighlysensitiveperson.(你很容易感到害怕嗎?藝術(shù)會(huì)讓你哭泣嗎?你能感受到別人的感受嗎?另一方面，你是否容易被人群、明亮的燈光或濃烈的香水所淹沒(méi)?壞消息——或許是好消息。你可能是HSP，一個(gè)高度敏感的人。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了高敏感認(rèn)識(shí)，講述其性格與心理特征，屬于科普類(lèi)的文章，所以可能來(lái)自于科學(xué)雜志。故選C。DHumpbackwhalesarewellknownfortheirfascinatingculture:Thesemysteriousanimalsmigratethousandsofmileseveryyear,singcharmingsongs,leapfromthewaterinanenormousbreach,andcollaboratewhilehunting--creatingbubblenetsthattraptheirprey.Now,researchershaveshedlightonanotheraspectofwhalebehavior:Playingwithkelp(巨藻)theyfindfloatingintheocean—movingitbetweentheirfins,rollingaroundwithit,and,mostinterestingly,wearingitatoptheirheadslikeahat.Thisbehavior—calledkelping—hasbeendescribedinanewstudyasa“globalphenomenon”.There’snodoubtkelpinglooksfun.Butcouldithaveanotherpurpose?OlafMeynecke,researchfellowatGriffithUniversityandco-authorofthestudy,thinksso--especiallyconsideringthatwhalescankeepitupfor30to40minutes.What’sparticularlyintriguingaboutkelpingisthewaythathumpbacksfromdifferentpopulations—inboththeNorthernandSouthernHemispheres—allprefertowearseaweedonthetopoftheirheads,saysMeynecke.TheyplacekelpontheirforeheadinoverhalftherecordedinstancesBaleenspeciesarebelievedtolikehavingtheirheadsscratched--graywhalesareknownforapproachingwhalewatchingboatsforatickleonthenose.Becausewhalesdon’thavehandstoscratchthemselves,likewedo,Meyneckesuggests"theymightseekoutothertactilesensationsthatjustfeelgood".Whalesmightalsobetreatingkelplikeacleansingfacemask,asseaweedhasantimicrobialqualitiesthatcanreducelevelsofbacteria.Rubbingkelpacrosstheirbodiesmayalsoremoveparasites(寄生物)andshedbacterialandviralgrowthstopreventthemgettingcompletelyovergrownwithsealice(虱)andskininfections,saysMeynecke.Thestudyhascaughttheattentionofresearchersglobally,andMeynecke’smailboxhasbeenfloodedwithpeoplewhohavealsoseenkelping.“SomeonefromTahitiwaslike,‘Weseeitallthetime,’”hesays.Nowthephenomenonhasbeenhighlightedglobally,whichcouldleadtofurtherresearchintothebehavior,itsbenefits,andevenifotherspeciesdoit.12.Whatcanwelearnabouthumpbackwhales?A.Theymigratealoneeveryyear. B.Theyarenaughtyandgoodatsports.C.Theyhaveanearformusic. D.Theycooperatecloselywhilehunting.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intriguing”inparagraph3mean?A.Dangerous. B.Fascinating. C.Optimistic. D.Worthwhile.14.WhatfunctiondoesseaweedpossessaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Resistingbacteria. B.Removingdirtfromtheskin.C.Enhancingimmunesystem. D.Preventingthegrowthofparasites.15.Whatmightbetalkedaboutnextinthearticle?A.Explorethebenefitofkelping. B.Analyzetheharmofkelptowhales.C.Researchintootherspecies’behavior. D.Advocatefortheprotectionofmarineanimals〖答案〗12.D13.B14.A15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了座頭鯨的一種特殊行為——與巨藻互動(dòng)，探討了這一行為的有趣之處及可能存在的生物學(xué)意義，如尋求觸覺(jué)刺激、利用巨藻的抗菌特性等，并提及了該研究引起廣泛關(guān)注的情況，預(yù)示著未來(lái)可能有更多的相關(guān)研究。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Humpbackwhalesarewellknownfortheirfascinatingculture:Thesemysteriousanimalsmigratethousandsofmileseveryyear,singcharmingsongs,leapfromthewaterinanenormousbreach,andcollaboratewhilehunting--creatingbubblenetsthattraptheirprey.(座頭鯨以其迷人的文化而聞名：這些神秘的動(dòng)物每年遷徙數(shù)千英里，唱著迷人的歌曲，從巨大的缺口中跳出水面，并在捕獵時(shí)合作——制造氣泡網(wǎng)來(lái)捕獲獵物。)”可知，座頭鯨在狩獵時(shí)會(huì)密切合作，比如它們會(huì)創(chuàng)造氣泡網(wǎng)來(lái)困住獵物。故選D?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。由文章第三段中“thathumpbacksfromdifferentpopulations—inboththeNorthernandSouthernHemispheres—allprefertowearseaweedonthetopoftheirheads(來(lái)自北半球和南半球不同種群的座頭鯨都喜歡在頭頂戴海藻)”可知，intriguing這個(gè)詞用來(lái)形容座頭鯨對(duì)巨藻玩耍行為的方式，特別是不同種群的座頭鯨都喜歡把巨藻戴在頭頂這一點(diǎn)。根據(jù)上下文，這個(gè)詞在這里的意思應(yīng)該是“吸引人的，令人感興趣的”。A.Dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；B.Fascinating迷人的，極有吸引力的；C.Optimistic樂(lè)觀的；D.Worthwhile值得的。故選B。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“Whalesmightalsobetreatingkelplikeacleansingfacemask,asseaweedhasantimicrobialqualitiesthatcanreducelevelsofbacteria.Rubbingkelpacrosstheirbodiesmayalsoremoveparasites(寄生物)andshedbacterialandviralgrowthstopreventthemgettingcompletelyovergrownwithsealice(虱)andskininfections,saysMeynecke.(鯨魚(yú)也可能把巨藻當(dāng)作清潔面膜，因?yàn)榫拊寰哂锌咕匦裕梢詼p少細(xì)菌水平。Meynecke說(shuō)，在他們的身體上摩擦海帶也可以去除寄生蟲(chóng)，并排出細(xì)菌和病毒的生長(zhǎng)，以防止他們完全被海虱和皮膚感染所覆蓋。)”可知，巨藻具有抗菌特性，能夠減少細(xì)菌水平，這意味著巨藻具有抵抗細(xì)菌的功能。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Thestudyhascaughttheattentionofresearchersglobally,andMeynecke’smailboxhasbeenfloodedwithpeoplewhohavealsoseenkelping.“SomeonefromTahitiwaslike,‘Weseeitallthetime,’”hesays.Nowthephenomenonhasbeenhighlightedglobally,whichcouldleadtofurtherresearchintothebehavior,itsbenefits,andevenifotherspeciesdoit.(這項(xiàng)研究引起了全球研究人員的注意，Meynecke的郵箱里也擠滿(mǎn)了看到幫助的人?！皝?lái)自Tahiti的人說(shuō)，‘我們一直都能看到這種情況，’”他說(shuō)?，F(xiàn)在這種現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)在全球范圍內(nèi)得到了強(qiáng)調(diào)，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)這種行為及其益處的進(jìn)一步研究，甚至其他物種也會(huì)這樣做。)”可知，接下來(lái)文章可能會(huì)討論探索巨藻的好處。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Withmodernlifesojam-packedwithactivitiesandstimulation,itishardtocompletelyunplugandrelax.___16___.Soherearesomewaystorelaxyourbrain.GettingsomeexerciseItmightsoundstrangetotalkaboutexerciseasbeingrestful.___17___.Ashortwalkatlunchtimecandothejobaswellasmoreintenseorlongerexercises.___18___Alotofourtimeisspentwaiting.Insteadofstressingaboutunfinishedtasks,takealookaroundyou.Busesandgrocerystorelinesofferaglimpseintothelivesofothers.Maybethatyoungmomstrugglingwithababycoulduseyourseatonthebus.Hasthatbusinessmanwiththedozenrosesfoundlove?Whatwillthatstudentdofortheworld?Evenifyouneverknowthetruth,steppingoutsideofyourownthoughtscanbringinsightsandfreedoms,alwaysthingsofvalue.NatureWalkingorsittinginnaturalsurroundingsisanopportunityforhealing.___19___.Peacefulcolors,freshoxygen,pleasingtextures,andsoothingsoundscreateaperfectspotforquietthinkingorcloudwatching.Changingseasonsmaybringbackfondmemoriesorgivehopefornewideas.Andasimplegardenorevenanindoorplantcaninspirehopeeverytimewelookatit.AnimalsIfyouhaveacatordog,youareprobablyfamiliarwiththepeacefulfeelingswatchinganimalsorpettingtheirfur.Ifyoudon’thaveanyanimalsofyourown,youcanstillinteractwithavarietyofspecieswhenyouvisitorvolunteeratbutterflyhouses,zoos,aquariums,orevenafriend’shouse.___20___Theydeservecompanionshipandcarejustasyoudo.A.WatchingpeopleB.ChangingsurroundingsC.However,naturedoesn’talwayshelpD.NaturemakesnodemandsofusyetgivessomuchE.BeingaroundthemalwayscarriesapeacefulmagicF.Butthat’ssomethingourbrainneedstorepairandrestoreitselfG.Butmovingthebodyhelpsclearthemindaswellasrelaxthebody〖答案〗16.F17.G18.A19.D20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了幾種放松大腦的方式?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Withmodernlifesojam-packedwithactivitiesandstimulation,itishardtocompletelyunplugandrelax.(現(xiàn)代生活充斥著各種活動(dòng)和刺激，很難完全放松。)”和空后“Soherearesomewaystorelaxyourbrain.(因此，有一些放松大腦的方式。)”，可知，空前提到現(xiàn)代生活有著很多活動(dòng)和刺激，因此很難放松，空后提出一些能幫助放松大腦的方式，故F項(xiàng)“但是，有一些我們大腦需要自我修復(fù)和恢復(fù)的東西?！狈希c空前構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，并引出空后提到的一些方式，故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Gettingsomeexercise(鍛煉身體)”可知，本段主要介紹通過(guò)鍛煉的方式來(lái)放松大腦。且根據(jù)空前“Itmightsoundstrangetotalkaboutexerciseasbeingrestful.(把鍛煉說(shuō)成一種休息，聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能很奇怪。)”可知，空前提到把鍛煉說(shuō)成休息很奇怪，故此空應(yīng)該提出鍛煉能放松大腦，故G項(xiàng)“但是鍛煉有助于理清思路，放松身體。”符合，與空前構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，把鍛煉說(shuō)成休息很奇怪，但是鍛煉有助于理清思路，放松身體，故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】設(shè)空處為小標(biāo)題；根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Alotofourtimeisspentwaiting.Insteadofstressingaboutunfinishedtasks,takealookaroundyou.Busesandgrocerystorelinesofferaglimpseintothelivesofothers.(我們很多時(shí)間都花在了等待上。與其為未完成的任務(wù)感到有壓力，不如看看周?chē)娜?。公交?chē)上和雜貨店的線路讓我們得以一窺他人的生活。)”可知，本段主要介紹通過(guò)觀察周?chē)娜藖?lái)放松大腦，故A項(xiàng)“觀察人”能夠概括本段主旨，適合作為小標(biāo)題，故選A項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Nature(自然)”可知，本段主要介紹通過(guò)大自然來(lái)放松大腦，且根據(jù)空前“Walkingorsittinginnaturalsurroundingsisanopportunityforhealing.(在自然環(huán)境中散步或坐著是一個(gè)治愈的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，空前提到在大自然中散步和坐著是一個(gè)治愈的機(jī)會(huì)，故D項(xiàng)“大自然對(duì)我們沒(méi)有要求，卻給予了我們很多?！狈?，D項(xiàng)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明大自然給我們帶來(lái)的好處，是一個(gè)治愈的機(jī)會(huì)，對(duì)我們沒(méi)有要求，卻給予了我們很多，故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Animals(動(dòng)物)”可知，本段主要介紹通過(guò)動(dòng)物的參與來(lái)放松大腦，且根據(jù)空前“Ifyouhaveacatordog,youareprobablyfamiliarwiththepeacefulfeelingswatchinganimalsorpettingtheirfur.Ifyoudon'thaveanyanimalsofyourown,youcanstillinteractwithavarietyofspecieswhenyouvisitorvolunteeratbutterflyhouses,zoos,aquariums,orevenafriend'shouse.(如果你養(yǎng)了貓或者狗，你可能對(duì)觀察動(dòng)物或者撫摸它們的皮毛的平靜感很熟悉。如果你沒(méi)有自己的動(dòng)物，當(dāng)你在蝴蝶館、動(dòng)物園、水族館甚至朋友家里觀察或當(dāng)志愿者時(shí)，你仍然可以與各種動(dòng)物互動(dòng)。)”可知，空前提到了有沒(méi)有養(yǎng)貓或狗，都可以與動(dòng)物互動(dòng)，故此處應(yīng)講述與動(dòng)物互動(dòng)帶來(lái)的好處，故E項(xiàng)“在他們身邊待著總是有一種平靜的魔力?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Originally,JohnBravowasjustanordinaryhighschoolstudentinGeorgia.Heranaroundtoattend___21___indifferentclassroomseveryday.John’sschoolisvery___22___.Inordernottobelate,Johnhastorun___23___acrossthecampus,rainorshine.Becauseheranthroughthesamepatheveryday,otherstudentsbeganto___24___him,andsometimesafewstudentsstandingnexttohimwould___25___him.Soonhis___26___begantocirculateoncampus:ThatJohnrunningtoclassdaily.Asaresult,moreandmorestudentsbegantocometoseeJohn___27___forclass.Thisscenebecameaunique___28___inthecampus.SomeonecreatedaTiktokaccountto___29___hisrunningtoclasseveryday.SeveralvideosofJohnrunninghavealready___30___tensofmillionsoflikes.JohnbecameanInternetcelebrity.Gradually,the___31___behindJohn’srunningtoclasswasrevealed.Johnisactuallyaforeignstudent.HisEnglishisnotvery___32___butheworkedveryhard.Theclassroomsof6thand7thclasseswerefarapart,___33___inordernottobelate,heranawayimmediatelywhenheheardthebell.Afterhearingthis,peoplealsofeltthisscenewasvery___34___andfeltthisiswhatacampusshouldlooklike.Everyoneneedsthatpositive___35___.ThisisliterallyForrestGump2.0.21.A.meetings B.school C.classes D.college22.A.small B.large C.rich D.poor23.A.quickly B.slowly C.sadly D.eagerly24.A.discover B.ignore C.influence D.recognize25.A.askfor B.lookfor C.leavefor D.cheerfor26.A.name B.voice C.fame D.honor27.A.walking B.rushing C.playing D.flying28.A.change B.error C.view D.chance29.A.record B.emphasize C.prevent D.promote30.A.hidden B.lost C.missed D.received31.A.secret B.story C.topic D.excuse32.A.bad B.special C.good D.common33.A.but B.so C.unless D.though34.A.funny B.normal C.strange D.warm35.A.energy B.result C.sport D.courage〖答案〗21.C22.B23.A24.D25.D26.A27.B28.C29.A30.D31.B32.C33.B34.D35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了普通高中學(xué)生JohnBravo因?yàn)槊刻炜焖俦寂艽┧笥谛@中去上課而意外成為校園名人乃至網(wǎng)絡(luò)紅人的故事?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他每天跑到不同的教室去上課。A.meetings會(huì)議；B.school學(xué)校；C.classes課程；D.college大學(xué)。根據(jù)上文的“JohnBravowasjustanordinaryhighschoolstudentinGeorgia.Heranaroundtoattend”可知，John是一名高中生，因此他每天跑著去的是“課程”。故選C。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：John的學(xué)校非常大。A.small小的；B.large大的；C.rich富有的；D.poor貧窮的。根據(jù)下文的“Inordernottobelate,Johnhastorun”可知，為了不遲到，John不得不快速穿過(guò)校園，暗示學(xué)校面積大。故選B。【23題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：無(wú)論晴雨，他都得快速地穿越校園。A.quickly快速地；B.slowly慢慢地；C.sadly悲傷地；D.eagerly渴望地。根據(jù)上文的“John’sschoolisvery2.Inordernottobelate,Johnhastorun”和下文的“acrossthecampus”可知，為了不遲到，John應(yīng)該是“快速地”跑過(guò)校園。故選A。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)樗刻於寂芡瑯拥穆肪€，其他學(xué)生開(kāi)始認(rèn)出他。A.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.ignore忽視；C.influence影響；D.recognize認(rèn)出。根據(jù)上文的“Becauseheranthroughthesamepatheveryday,otherstudentsbeganto”可知，由于每天重復(fù)的行為，其他學(xué)生開(kāi)始“認(rèn)出”他。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有時(shí)站在他旁邊的一些學(xué)生會(huì)為他歡呼。A.askfor請(qǐng)求；B.lookfor尋找；C.leavefor動(dòng)身去；D.cheerfor為……歡呼。根據(jù)上文的“Johnhastorun3acrossthecampus”和“otherstudentsbeganto4him,andsometimesafewstudentsstandingnexttohimwould”可知，他快速地穿越校園時(shí)，應(yīng)該是同學(xué)們?yōu)樗懿降男袨榧佑汀皻g呼”。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，他的名字在校園里流傳開(kāi)來(lái)。A.name名字；B.voice嗓音；C.fame名聲；D.honor榮譽(yù)。根據(jù)上文的“otherstudentsbeganto4him,andsometimesafewstudentsstandingnexttohimwould5him.”和下文的“begantocirculateoncampus:ThatJohnrunningtoclassdaily”可知，其他學(xué)生開(kāi)始認(rèn)出他，一些學(xué)生會(huì)為他歡呼，John跑步的事情讓他的名字在校園里流傳開(kāi)來(lái)。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果，越來(lái)越多的學(xué)生開(kāi)始來(lái)看John沖去上課。A.walking走；B.rushing沖；C.playing玩；D.flying飛。根據(jù)上文的“Johnhastorun3acrossthecampus”可知，John是跑著去上課的，因此這里指“沖”去上課。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這一場(chǎng)景成為了校園里一個(gè)獨(dú)特的景象。A.change變化；B.error錯(cuò)誤；C.view景象；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)上文的“Thisscenebecameaunique”可知，這里指John跑步上課成為了一道獨(dú)特的“景象”。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有人創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)TikTok賬號(hào)來(lái)記錄他每天跑去上課的情景。A.record記錄；B.emphasize強(qiáng)調(diào)；C.prevent阻止；D.promote促進(jìn)。根據(jù)上文的“SomeonecreatedaTiktokaccountto”可知，創(chuàng)建賬號(hào)的目的是“